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考研英语翻译复习方法与注意事项

考研英语翻译复习方法与注意事项
考研英语翻译复习方法与注意事项

考研英语翻译复习方法与注意事项练习翻译的时候一定不能眼高手低,一定要切切实实地把翻译的句子写到纸上。有些同学,拿到句子,看一两眼,感觉看懂了,然后就看答案,觉得答案的意思就是自己所理解的,顿时就觉得自己会翻译了,但是这种感觉明显是一种幻觉。只有把句子写出来,才能发现自己的不足和错误。

翻译其实考的是英语的基本功,如果在前期基本功打好了,那么翻译就不会有太大的困难。每天挤出40分钟来进行练习,练习素材是真题的翻译题。而且,翻译的复习时间和语法的复习时间可以重叠在一起,因为翻译的练习其实就是在检查自己的语法知识,而且翻译的材料一般都是阅读中的长难句,语法结构比较复杂,所以只要在练习翻译的时候遇到不懂的语法点,就回到语法书中相应的部分去巩固就可以了,这样就能节省一部分复习时间,复习也会相对有效些。如果有同学学习得很快,阅读中的长难句和翻译题都练习完了,可以用真题中的完型填空的文章做翻译练习。

练习翻译的时候需要注意以下几点。

第一点:要先做,自己模考的过程。

第二点:改,自我修改。不要先看译文,可以查词典,可以翻阅语法工具书,分析英语句子的关系,可以提升自己的语法能力,改这个过程才是真正能够提升大家英语基本功的过程;

第三点:对答案。看看参考译文和自己的翻译是否相同,看看参考答案的修饰关系是怎么安排的。

第四点:记忆。记忆这句话中的核心单词,动词和主干上的名词,词组。不懂的一定要查一下,确定短语的意思;重新看一下句子之间的关系。如果能记住这些修饰关系,明年的翻译就没有问题了。如果这个过程全部弄懂了,那么阅读理解也就不会是问题了。

做翻译可以按照以下这样的方法进行。

第一步,断句。由于考研翻译部分涉及的通常都是长难句,所以我们要通过断句,化繁为简。断句不仅可以帮助大家理清句子结构,而且断开后的短句从心里上缓解大家对翻译的恐惧。断句的时候通过断句点将句子断开,断句点包括像 and,or,but等连词和引导一些从句的引导词;标点符号如逗号,分号等也可以作为断句点;前两种是常用的断句点,除此之外还可以通过非谓语动词,像长的分词短语,动名词短语和不定式短语都可以作为断句点;有时候介词短语也可以成为断句点。

第二步,写句子。以切分之后的短句为单位,将它们逐个理解并翻译成汉语。这时候词汇的基本功就至关重要。

第三步,连句子。把第二步翻译出来的各个短句再练成通顺的汉语。为了不歪曲或者削弱原句各个成分之间的逻辑联系,同时又照顾到汉语的思维与表达习惯,拆分后的分句或者句子常常必须打乱原来英语句子的顺序,然后进行重新组合。究竟如何改变原文顺序,完全要根据汉语习惯来安排,但是也是有一定的规律可以遵循的。

1. 在英语中定语从句总是在所修饰的名词后面,而汉语中定语一般在所修饰的名词之前;

2. 如果英语的定语从句过于复杂,翻译时把定语放在所修饰的名词前,句子会很不通顺,这时就可以把定语从句放在所修饰的名词后面来翻译,独立成为一句话;

3. 简短的状语可以放在所修饰的动词前面;

4. 复杂的状语从句可以安排在整个句子主干的前面或者后面;

5. 在英语中被动句使用很多,而汉语中主动句使用很多,所以翻译的时候可以少用“被”字句,用别的词来代替“被”字或者转化成主动句。

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