2014山东大学考博10年真题博士考试试题病理生理学历年真题

2014山东大学考博10年真题

山东大学病理生理学考博历年真题

山东大学2013年病理生理真题

1.试述凋亡异常性疾病的防治思路。

2.什么是癌基因？试举一例说明是如何导致肿瘤的发生的。

3.水电解质酸碱平衡一分析病例。可能需要使用代偿公式。

4.CO中毒性缺氧病例分析。

5.一产妇产后大出血，凝血指标异常，问发生的病理生理过程及机制？

6.钙超载导致缺血再灌注损伤的机制。

7.肾小球率过滤降低的原因。

8.一发热病人体温上升的具体机制。

9.肝功能不全地方貌似出了个肝性脑病的氨中毒还是假性神经递质学说记不大清啦。

10.限制性通气功能障碍导致呼衰的机制。

山东大学2012年病理生理真题

一、细胞周期调节异常引起恶心肿瘤的机制

二、信号传导异常发生的环节

三、病例分析，小儿肠梗阻，问题：水电解质紊乱的类型，原因，引起四肢无力和酸性尿的机制

四、病例分析，糖尿病酮症，问题：治疗前后酸碱失衡的类型，发生的机制，及治疗后低钾的原因

五、发热时心血管、中枢神经、呼吸、消化系统的变化

六、血管损伤引起血栓的机制

七、阻塞性通气障碍引发呼吸衰竭的机制

八、病例分析，三楼坠落，内出血不能排除，血压90/75mmHg，心率123次/分。问题：何种病理生理过程，哪一期，机制

九、化学致癌物的共同特点及作用机制

十、心衰时心室重构的表现和意义

山东大学2011年病理生理真题

1.肿瘤细胞分化障碍有哪些情况？诱导分化剂的作用机制？

2.细胞信号转导异常的环节和机制？

3.病例分析：病人发热、腹泻、呕吐四天，收入院。尿量减少，血压正常，入院后给予葡萄糖溶液与抗

生素，治疗后体温正常，但出现皮肤弹性减退、眼窝凹陷、尿量正常，血压下降，低于正常。查生化：Na：125mmol、K：3、血浆渗透压270，问此病人发生什么病理过程？原因如何？下一步的治疗措施？

4.急性期反应？急性期反应蛋白？急性期反应蛋白的功能？

5.缺血再灌注损伤氧自由基产生增多的机制？

6.低张性缺氧和血液性缺氧血氧变化的特点及原因？

7.血浆凝血因子在血栓形成中的作用？

8.病案分析：地震中两外伤出血的病人简单包扎后，送人急救室，甲病人大哭大喊，乙病人表情平静，

对医生的问题无任何反应。两病人发生差别的原因是什么？机制是什么？哪位病人更严重？

9.物理致癌因素的共同特点？试举两种因素说明机制？

10.心衰能量代谢障碍的机制？

山东大学2010年病理生理真题

1、病例讨论：肾性高血压的机制

2、病例讨论：1型呼衰血气特点

3、低渗性脱水的原因机制和对机体的影响

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