高级英语张汉熙笔记

Unit One The Middle Eastern Bazaar

Lead-in

Textual Structure of the Text

Detailed Study of the Text

Rhetorical Devices

The Middle East

Generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.

The Middle East is a loosely defined geographic region; the countries listed are generally considered part of the Middle East. These Middle East countries are part of the Asian continent, with the exception of Egypt, which is part of Africa, and the northwestern part of Turkey, which is part of the European landmass.

Rich in oil, linking point of three continents. Nearby five seas: Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Caspian Sea (里海)

Bazaar

Bazaar: A market consisting of a street lined with shops and stalls, especially one in the Middle East.

---handicraft economy, contrast to the modern society

Three famous bazaars in the Middle East:

The Khan Khalili Bazaar in Cairo, Egypt

埃及开罗汗·哈利利集市

The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey

土耳其伊斯坦布尔大市集

The Damascus Bazaar in Syria

叙利亚大马士革集市

China’s most busiest markets:

Xiushui Street and Da Zha Lan in Beijing

北京大栅栏和秀水街

References

“The history of Middle East”

(Mesopotamia Civilization, Civilization of Ancient Egypt, Middle East Wars)

“The Bible—Old Testament”

(the first half of the Christian Bible)

“Talmud”塔尔穆德(犹太法典)

(the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism) 犹太法典中的几句箴言

有四种人，一种人说：“我的是我的，你的是你的。”这是平凡人；一种人说：“我的是你的，你的是我的。”这是庸俗人；一种人说：“你的我的全是我的。”这是邪恶人；一种人说：“我的你的全是你的。”这是敬虔人。

上帝不以男人的头创造女人，因为女人不可支配男人；但也不以男人的脚创造女人，因为女人不可成为男人的奴隶；而以男人的肋骨创造女人，因为要她永远贴近他的心。

20岁不潇洒，30岁不成业，40岁不富有，50岁不幸福，那一辈子就完了。

Section I (Para 1)

3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.

heat cool

Glare dark

open square cavern

as far as the eye can see

the words eye and ear are used in the singular form not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means man’s power of seeing or eyesight.

She has an eye for beauty. （审美眼光）

She has an ear for music.(对音乐有鉴赏力)

The boy has a sharp eye.（敏锐的眼光）

The big poster caught my eye.（引起某人注意）

Keep an eye on that mischievous boy.（留意，照看）

To turn a blind eye to sth.（对…视而不见）

To turn a deaf ear to sth. （对…充耳不闻）

Glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome a “bright sunlight”刺眼的光

太阳光很刺眼，我得戴上墨镜。

I have to wear sunglasses because of the glare of the sun.

Cavern：a cave, especially a large cave. Here, it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of roof over them.

In our text it means the bazaar looks like a cavern because it is a long, narrow, and dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over it. Here the author employed a metaphor (隐喻，暗喻)to achieve vividness.

Glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome a “bright sunlight”刺眼的光

太阳光很刺眼，我得戴上墨镜。

I have to wear sunglasses because of the glare of the sun.

Cavern：a cave, especially a large cave. Here, it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of roof over them.

In our text it means the bazaar looks like a cavern because it is a long, narrow, and dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over it. Here the author employed a metaphor (隐喻，暗喻)to achieve vividness.

Losing itself in the shadowy distance:

The place is dark, so when the street is long, objects in the distance become unclear and indistinct (faint, dim).

The word shadowy suggests shifting illumination and indistinct vision.

Disappearing in the faint distance; beyond one’s eyesight.

What kind of sound do the bells make?

harmoniously tinkling bells: the sounds from the bells are rhythmic and pleasant to the ear

E.g.: He has only a few coins tinkling/jingling in his pocket.

How do the donkeys move?

thread one’s way: to move through a place by carefully going around things that are blocking one’s way

E.g.: The cat threaded its way among the dishes on the shelf.

Do you think it is ok to replace "throngs" with "crowds" in this sentence? Why? Please explain the di fferences between throngs of people and crowds of people, and why the writer uses “the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar” instead of “crowds of people”?

throngs of people : a stronger implication of movement and of pushing and a weaker implication of density

熙熙攘攘的人群（动态）

crowds of people: emphasize its density

拥挤的人群(静态)

5. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.

Stall: small, open-fronted shop used by a trader in a market, on a street货摊

E.g.: a book-stall; a flower-stall

goods of every conceivable kind: goods of every kind you can think of

e.g. people of every conceivable age, nationality; buildings of every conceivable 6. The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.

What sources does the din come from? Illustrate the sentence p attern “the din of …”

parallelism :

stall-holders crying their wares

donkey-boys and porters clearing a way Din: specific word of noise ; loud, confused noise that continues 喧嚣

E.g.: The children were making so much din that I could not make myself heard.

Explain the differences between “din” and “noise”.

din : specific; noise: general

Din: confused ( the mixture of crying their wares, clearing a way, arguing and bargaining) noise: unpleasant sound.

would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining

wares (always-pl.) articles offered for sale, usu. not in a shop. The word gives the impression of traditional commodity, items, goods, more likely to be sold in free-markets.

Ware (usually used in combination) articles of the same kind or material; 制品，器具，货物

E.g.: silverware, bronze ware, kitchenware, software, hardware

would-be :likely, intended to be

e.g.: a would-be musician / football player

dizzy: feeling as if everything were turning round , mentally confused

e.g.: If you suffer from anemia, you often feel dizzy.

The two-day journey on the bus makes me dizzy.

How do you paraphrase this sentence “The din ... and makes you dizzy: ”?

The loud, confused noise of …continues without interruption and makes you feel mentally confused.

What’s your genera l impression of the entrance of Middle Eastern bazaar? From what perspectives does the writer describe?

General impression: ancient (take you back hundreds of years, aged brick and stone. )

The writer describes the entrance from the perspectives of sight, feeling, and sound.

Sight: glare, dark, as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.

Feeling: heat, cool

Sound: tinkling, din, crying their wares, shouting vigorously, arguing and bargaining

Summary

The writer describes the bazaar with sound from the animal and human-being at the very beginning, so as to present a lively and busy atmosphere.

Introduction: A description of the entrance to the bazaar

a. The Gothic gateway

b. Contrast between the heat and glare in the open square and the coolness and dimness in the interior of the bazaar

c. Another contrast between the pleasing sound of the tinkling of donkey bells and the confusing din

d. The little stalls encroaching on the street, making the roadway narrower and narrower. Section 2 (Para 2)

Questions

(1) What was your general impression of the cloth-market? How does the writer achieve this? General impression: quiet

The writer describes the cloth-market as a quiet place, mainly from the perspective of sound.

e.g. the noise fades away, muted, deadens the sound, hardly any sounds to echo, measured tones. Paragraph 1 and 2 show a sharp contrast of sound.

The entrance is with a continuous mixture of sounds, while the cloth-market is comparatively much quiet.

Why is the cloth—market muted?

The earthen floor deadens the sound of the footsteps; the shopkeepers speak in low, measured tones and the buyers follow suit.

(3) The earthen floor . . . any sounds to echo: (translate into Chinese)

这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。

Then, as you….

penetrate: to pierce or pass into or through. The word penetrate is used here to indicate that you have to pass through a big crowd in order to go deeper into the market.

fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearing

His anger fades away.

mute:

verb: to reduce the sound of, to make a sound softer than usual 使声音变弱

Here in the text the word "muted" is used to suggest the compelling circumstances, forcing you to lower your sound.

n. a person who cannot speak哑巴

She was born a deaf mute.

the first sentence:

The farther you push / force Paraphrase your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. Then you arrive at the cloth-market where the sound is hardly audible.

beaten: (of a path, track, etc.) that is given shape by the feet of those who pass along it, suggesting

ancientness, timelessness(永恒）. The path becomes flat due to the treading of countless people through thousands of years.

We followed a well-beaten path through the forest.

deaden: to cause to lose strength, force, feeling, and brightness

e.g.: Two of these pills will deaden the ache.

Vault:

1 拱形圆顶：arched roof

The vault of the cathedral is 150 feet above the floor.

2 保险库

Vaults are often made of steel.

The vault of heaven 苍穹

Measured: steady, slow and deliberate; suggesting lack of speed, paying attention to what to say （深思熟虑的）

E.g.: His reply was stated in measured phrases.

Measure: 仔细考虑

E.g.: She works hard and doesn’t measure the cost to her health.

overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenly

e.g.: Sorrow overwhelmed the family.

She was overwhelmed with grief.

They won an overwhelming victory / majority.

Sepulchral : suggestive of the grave of burial; dismal, gloomy阴森森的，阴郁的

A sepulchral face ; speak in sepulchral tones; look quite sepulchral

Main idea:

The description of the muted cloth-market is a contrast to the gateway of the market. The noise at the gateway makes people dizzy, the gloomy atmosphere of the cloth-market makes people to follow suit.

Section 3 (Para 3-4)

Peculiarity: a distinguishing characteristic, special feature, suggesting difference from normal or usual, strangeness.特点，奇特之处

One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same color. deal in: sell and buy, trade in This merchant deals in silk goods.

scatter: to cause (a group) to separate widely, to spread widely in all directions as if by throwing The frightened people scattered about in all directions.

Paraphrase the first sentence:

One of the special features /characteristics of the M.E. bazaar is that shopkeepers in the same trade always gather together in the same place to do their business.

knit: to make things to wear by uniting threads into a kind of close network. Here, to unite or join closely

guild / gild: an association for businessmen or skilled workers who joined together in former times to help one another and to make rules for training new members

The order of the day: that which is of the greatest general interest at a particular time; prevailing state of things某段时间里普遍感兴趣的事情，时兴的东西

At election time politics becomes the order of the day

Veiled: some Moslems use the veil to seclude or hide their women from the eyes of strangers.

Preliminary : introducing or preparing for sth. more important；preparatory准备性的

A preliminary exam is one which is in preparation for something.

beat down: to reduce by argument or other influence, to persuade sb. to reduce a price

The man asked $5 for the dress, but I beat him down to $4.50.

what it is: used to stress

What is it she really likes?

Yield little: refuse to reduce the price by any significant amount

Protest: to express one's disagreement, feeling of unfairness

Here: insist firmly, affirming strongly

deprive of: take away from, prevent from using

E.g.: to deprive sb. of political rights

The accident deprived him of his sight / hearing.

sacrifice: to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose or belief

The ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in a battle.

At intervals: happening regularly after equal periods of time每隔一段距离，每隔一会

Rain fell at intervals throughout the night.

Main idea

Para.3 describes one of the characteristics of the bazaar: the spreading of goods. Shopkeepers dealing in the same kind get together. It would be easy for customers to compare goods and prices. Para.4 describes the psychological trick between both sellers and purchasers.

Section 4 (Para5 - 6)

Picturesque: charming or interesting enough to be made into a picture,, vivid美丽如画的

smith

The tower upon it gave the lake a picturesque appearance

: a worker in metal, a maker

E.g.: copper- / gold- / tin-（锡）/ black- （铁匠）/ gun-smith（军械工人）

bang: to hit violently, to make a loud noise

E.g.: The door banged open / shut.

clash: a noisy, usu. metallic sound of collision

E.g.: swords clash

Impinge on: have an effect on；to strike or dash esp. with a sharp collision影响，冲击

E.g.: The strong light impinges on his eyes.

Dancing flashes: quick bright lights moving up and down

burnish: to polish and make shiny磨，抛光

E.g.: He is burnishing the knife.

Catch the light of: intercept and reflect the light of...

brazier: open metal framework like a basket, usu. on leg, for holding a charcoal or coal fire火盆incredible: too strange to be believed, unbelievable

This word comes from credit, which means belief, trust, and faith

credit card

We place full credit in the government's ability.

credible: deserving or worthy of belief,

hammer away at:

Hammer: beat with a hammer

away: continuously, constantly

vessel: usu. round container, such as a pot, bottle, bucket or barrel, used for holding liquids容器bellows: an instrument for blowing air into a fire to make it burn quickly风箱

glow: send out brightness or warmth, heat or light without flame or smoke发光，发热

When you draws a deep mouthful（一口）, the cigarette tip glows.

stroke: single movement, which is repeated (esp. in a sport or game)鼓动

engrave: to cut (words, pictures, etc.) on wood, stone, or metal

The terrible memory was engraved on his mind.

cf.: carve: to cut (usu. wood or stone) in order to make a special shape

Delicate: finely made, needing careful handling, easily broken or hurt, delightful精细的Intricate: containing many detailed parts and thus difficult to understand.复杂的

functional: completely and exactly of practical use. Not ornamental, not with many decoration

:The writer describes the market from the perspectives of sight and sound.

Sound: tinkling, banging, clashing,

Sight: a fairyland of dancing flashes, burnished copper, light, charcoal fire, red of live coals, glowing

: words of contrast, so as to make the sentences more impressive.

Tiny/ big, huge;

bright/ dim;

delicate (high quality), intricate (complex skills)/ simple, undecorated

figures of speech, in order to make the sentences more vivid.

Onomatopoeia (tinkling: a succession of light, ringing sounds (e.g. of a small bell), banging: hit violently, to make a loud noise (e. g. to bang a door), clashing: make a loud, broken, confused noise (as when metal objects strike together)),

metaphor (a fairyland of dancing flashes)

Inversion (in each shop sit the apprentices…)

Section 5 (Para 7)

profusion: plenty; great or too great amount大量的，过多的

The garden boasted a profusion of flowers.

rich: (of colour) deep, strong, beautiful

texture: the arrangement of the threads in a textile fabric / in any material made by weaving, the way in which the threads of a cloth have been woven

a carpet of loose / firm / uneven texture

bold: clearly formed, strongly formed醒目的

words printed in bold type / printed in bold letters

Words of contrast:

Bold, simple/ detailed

Pungent: (often neg.) having a strong, sharp, stinging, burning taste or smell that may or may not seem unpleasant 辛辣的

Onions and garlic give out pungent smell.

(An onion a day keeps everybody away.)

Exotic: (always positive, sth pleasing) not native to the place where found, alien, strikingly or excitingly different or unusual, out of ordinary, introduced from another country

sumptuous : costly, rich, suggesting lavish expenditure, showing great value, generosity, grand.豪

华，盛大

The King wore sumptuous robes.

Words of contrast:

sumptuous/ humble;

Honeycomb: a container made of beeswax（蜂蜡）and consisting of 6-sided cells （蜂房）in which honey is stored

How to understand the word “honeycomb” in the text”?

Honeycomb is as a noun, while it is used metaphorically as a verb in the text.

It means the dye-market, pottery-market, carpenter’s market lie everyw here and cut the bazaar into different small sections just like a honeycomb.

“honeycomb”, a noun , is as a verb. The sentence becomes more concise and impressive.

e.g. “春风又绿江南岸”形容词用做动词，使句子更加生动

mosque: Moslem temple or place of worship (where there are wells, fountain, space for assemble, a niche showing the direction of Mecca, the birthplace of Mohammed)清真寺

caravanserai: an inn surrounding a court in eastern countries where caravans rest at night caravan: a company of travellers on a journey through desert of hostile regions

disdainful: scornful, contemptuous, showing lack of respect, regard sb. or sth. as low and worthless. Here, arrogant, in a superior manner, suggesting that the camels are all stately, strong, heads holding high

Question:

How many markets have been mentioned in this paragraph? And how does the writer describe each market?

Carpet-market (sight)

Spice-market (smell)

Food market (a variety of food from sumptuous dinner to humble one)

Dye-market, pottery-market, carpenters’ market (like a ho neycomb)

The writer chooses the distinctive(与众不同的，有特色的) feature to describe each market. Main idea

(The author describes) the other six markets spreading in the bazaar look like a set of network (maze迷宫), which shows us how narrow the street is.

Section 6 (Para 8-9)

1) Questions

(1) What are the specific steps to make linseed oil?

Two steps:

to crush the linseeds into a pulp (paragraph 8)

to press the linseed pulp to extract the oil (paragraph 9)

(2) How does the writer arrange sentences coherently in paragraph 8?

A sentence = 已知(given information)+未知(new information)

S2: the room (未知) S3: the room(已知) + pole (未知) S4: pole (已知)+ the camel/ the stone wheel (未知) S5: this (the camel) (已知) S6: the stone wheel (已知)

The whole paragraph is highly cohesive and coherent.

(3) What is the difference between a cavern of room and a cavernous room?

Cavern : noun

Cavernous: adj

A cavern of room: metaphor; the room is like a cavern; therefore the sentence is more vivid.

In English, native speakers prefer using the noun phrases than other forms.

e.g. 他酷爱音乐。

He is an ardent lover of music.

他老是说谎。

He is a great liar.

我既不喝酒，也不抽烟。

I am no drinker, nor smoker.

会上透露了很多信息。

It was a very informative meeting.

) How does the writer achieve the impressive description of making linseed oil?

a. words of contrast:

dwarf / tower a trickle of / a flood of

Note the use of tower and dwarf and the mental picture the author wants to create.

tower: reach high (above or over surroundings)

dwarf: make look small by contrast or distance ;

b. the variation of word form

dwarf : n---v ; tower: n---v

c. rhetorical devices:

Parallelism: muscular, massive, and stately.

Inversion: in this cavern are three massive stones.

Onomatopoeia: creak, groan, taut, protesting, creaks, squeaking, rumbling, grunts, sighs.

d. perspectives:

Sight: glistening

Sound: creak, groan, taut, protesting, creaks, squeaking, rumbling, grunts, sighs

(6) Read the last two sentences and illustrate why the writer ends this article with the sound. ancient girder: creak/ groan

from nature: beam: taut/ protesting/ creaks

grinding wheels: squeaking/ rumbling

from animal: camels: grunts/ sighs

An effect of echoing with the beginning: Para 1 starts with the sound from the human being (din),the text ends with the sound from the nature and animals.

Meanwhile, the sound from the animal and working tools presents readers with a busy and lively scene of making linseed oil.

Words and expressions

Sombre: dark-coloured, gloomy, dismal, solemn, very serious atmosphere

Eg. It was a somber room with dark furniture and heavy black hangings.

Why are schools painted in such somber colors?

His somber voice told us the news bad.

cavern of a room: apposition并置，同格

Who is to blame but her tyrant of a father.

He had to work in the hell of a fertilizer factory.

She lives in a palace of a house / a match-box of a house.

attendant: a person who attends another to perform a service, esp. an employee; a person who goes

with and serves or looks after; a person who is employed to look after and help visitors to a public place服务员

a museum / parking lot / library attendant; but a shop assistantcf:

Waiter: a person who serves food at the tables in restaurant

crush: to press with great power so as to break, destroy, the natural shape into powder, to break by pounding or grinding 压碎，碾碎，粉碎

Several people were crushed to death as they tried to escape from the burning theatre.

The machine crushes wheat grain to make flour.

The sugar cane is taken to the factory where the juice is crushed out.

The army quickly crushed the uprising

pulp: the soft almost liquid mass of plant or animal material, such as the soft inside part of many fruits or vegetable果肉，纸浆

superb: perfect in form, quality, etc. wonderful, marked to the highest degree by excellence, brilliance or competence. This word describes sth. that reaches the highest conceivable point. muscular: having well-developed muscles, strong, implying great physical strength

Stately: grand in style, noble, dignified; Here implies that the camels walk in a constant, unhurried way with their heads holding high, seemingly dignified.

Ramshackle : of a building or vehicle, badly made or needing repair, shaky, unsteady, likely to go to pieces, as from age or neglect, carelessly or loosely constructed. 破烂不堪

a ramshackle old house

a ramshackle bike which produces a sound at every part except the bell.

beam: a large long heavy piece of wood, (usu. square)- esp. one of the main ones used to support a building. 横梁cf: pole (usu. round)

tower: to be very tall, esp. in relation to the height of the surroundings.

The mountain towers into the sky.

dwarf: to cause to appear small by comparison

Most basketball players dwarf other men

Groan: (to make) a sound caused by the movement of wood or metal parts heavily loaded, (to make) a deep sound forced out by pain, or expressing despair

The patient groaned as he was lifted onto the stretcher. 呻吟

The ancient chair gave a groan when the fat woman sat down on it.

The roof creaked and groaned under the weight of the snow.

trickle: a slow, small flow of liquid

ooze: (of thick liquids) pass slowly through small openings

Blood was still oozing from the wound

Tiny drops of oil are pressed out to form a small flow down the runnel.

If you squeeze the tube of toothpaste, it oozes out of the tube.

Squeak (to make) a short very high but not loud sound吱吱声

the squeak of a mouse

The little boy squeaked out his answer.

Rumbling : (to make) a deep continuous rolling sound辘辘声

Thunder rumbled in the distance.

I am hungry, my stomach is rumbling.

Grunt:(of certain animals, to make) short deep rough sounds in the throat, as if the nose were closed, such as the deep short sound characteristic of a hog, or a man making a similar sound expressing disagreement, boredom, irritation咕噜声

Main idea

Para. 8 The description of the linseed oil mill

Para. 9 The description of the linseed oil place

Para. 8 and 9: The linseed oil mill shows us a special picture. The ancient apparatus used in the mill to make oil is the symbol of the society. And it also tells us that (manual) handicraft industry is the main style of people’s daily life. The economy is prosperous and the people are working hard.

Metaphor:

dark cavern, fairyland, maze, honeycomb, etc

form a closely knit guild...

Onomatopoeia:

creak, squeak, rumble, grunt, sigh, groan, etc.tinkling, banging, clashing

Personification:

The Middle Easter bazaar takes you...dancing flashes

The beam sinks…taut and protesting Hyperbole:takes you ...hundreds even thousands of years every conceivable, innumerable lamps, incredibly young, with the dust of centuries

Summary

1. The author of this article is obviously a visitor from an advanced country, for he finds the sounds, colors and simple techniques and youthful apprentices picturesque .

2. At the entrance to the bazaar he sees throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar and hears the tinkling of donkey bells, the cries of stallholders, and the arguing and bargaining between the customers and merchants.

3. As he penetrates into the bazaar, he sees different markets: the cloth-market, the copper-smiths’ market, the carpet-market, the spice- market and the food-market. He also sees a linseed-oil mill. As the walks around the bazaar, he has glimpses of sun-lit courtyards.

4. The cloth-market, the author says, has an earthen floor that deadens the sound of footsteps. It has vaulted walls and roof built of mud-bricks. People in this market talk in low voices, so the place is quiet.

5. In the copper-smiths’ market the author sees how a copper-smith’s shop works. The work is all done by hand, by a master-workman ( who is also the merchant or shop-owner ) and his apprentices ( who are young boys). The equipment used in production consists of braziers which burn charcoal, huge leather bellows for making the fire hot, and hammers for beating the copper vessels into shape. The products are vessels, mainly pots and bowls and kitchenware. Some of the vessels are beautifully made and engraved while others are undecorated and strictly functional-but beautiful all the same.

6. In the carpet-market he sees a great variety of carpets with rich colors, different regional designs, and textures of different types.

7. In the spice and food markets he is greeted by pungent and exotic smells and sees places selling dinners form the most sumptuous to a humble one.

8. Of all the markets he visits, the one that strikes him most is the mill making linseed oil. First the linseed is crushed in a huge stone mill turned by camels. The pulp is then placed in a press which squeezes out the oil.

9. In this bazaar the author finds two things rather peculiar. The first is that dealers in the same kind of goods gather in the same area; the second is the custom of bargaining

Dictation:Gothic, as far as, thread one’s way, throng , stall, goods of conceivable kind, din, clear a way, would-be, penetrate, fade away, measured tones, sepulchral, follow suit, peculiarities, open-fronted, display, the order of the day, a point of honor, narrow down, intricate, delicate, profusion, texture, exotic, impinge on, sumptuous, humble, honey-comb, deprive of, cavernous, picturesque, at intervals, rhythmically, disdain, somber, extract, superb, muscular, ramshackle, creak, groan, trickle, glisten, glow, grunt, a trickle of, a flood of , squeaking, massive, stately

高级英语pub talk and the king's english中英笔记

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新版人教版七年级英语上下册各单元知识点总结-精编

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人教版七年级上册英语第四单元知识点归纳

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自考高级英语 词组精选(考前必背)

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