工程硕士英语unit3 完型答案及翻译

United 3

Cloze Test B

Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in shools and to non-native learning the language. It is also the (1) which is normally spoken by educated people and used in news broadcasts and others (2) situations. The difference between standard and non-standard ,it should be noted ,has(3) in peinciple to do with difference between formal and colloquial languages; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.

(4)，the standard variety of English is based on the London (5) of English that

developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchest to London. This dialect became the one (6) by the educated ,and it was developed and promted (7) a model ,or norm, for wider and wider segmends of society. It was also the (8)that was carried overseas,but no one unaffected by such export. Today ,standard English is arranged to the (9) that the grammer and vocabulary of English are (10) the

same everywhere in the world where English is used；(11) among local standard is really quite

minor, (12)the Singapore ,South Africa, and lrish varieties are really very little different from one (13) so far as grammer and vocabulary are (14) Indeed ,Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (15)on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have (16)much of their vigor and there is (17) pressure on them to be (18) This latter situation is not unique (19) English:it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are(20). But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national. Even supranational ones.

1 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2914105495.html,nguage语言 B.idioms 习语 C.dialect方言 D.variety 多样性

2.A、same相同B、similar 类似的C、equal 等同D、identical同样的

3.A、anything任何事B、something有些事C、nothing无D、everything 每一

件事

4.A、Surprisingly惊奇地B、Historically有关历史地C、Interestingly有兴趣地D、

Generally通常地

5.A、accent重音B、pronunciation发音C、praised 赞扬的D、created 创造的

6.A、preferred更好的B、learned 学习的C、praised赞扬的D、created 创造的

7.A、to于B、in 在里面C、as 正如D、for 为了

8.A、basis 基础B、norm标准C、rule规则D、variety 多样性

9.A、attempt尝试B、accent重音C、assent 赞成D、extent 广度

10.A、even 甚至B、ever 曾经C、much多D、hardly 几乎

11.A、variety多样的B、standardization标准化的C、unification合一D、transformer

变化的人

12.A、thereforever因此所以B、though虽然C、so that D、nevereheless然而不过

13.A、the other另一个B、others其他的C、other 其他D、another另外的

14.A、commented评论的B、concerned关心的C、mentioned 提及的D、involved

包括的

15.A、strength力量B、pressure压力C、power 力量D、force强迫

16.A、lost失去B、gained获得 C 、missed丢失的D、enhanced加强的

17.A、considering考虑到B、considered经过考虑的C、considerate体贴的D、

considerable相当大的

18.A、abandoned被遗弃的B、changed变化的C、standardized标准化D、reform改

良

19.A、in在…里面B、of 关于C、for 为了因此 D 、to 向

20.A、in the way在路上B、under way进行中C、out of way

D、by the way 顺便

Translation:

标准英语的多样性体现在印刷品和学校教学以及对非母语的学习者中。同样在受教育人群交流和新闻传播和其他同样的情形。标准英语和非标准英语的区别应该引起注意，标准英语和口语在原理上是没有区别的，

历史上，标准英语的多样性是建立在诺曼底登陆期后由温彻斯特到伦敦坊间的语言迁移而来。在这之后这种方言开始在教育中推广，作为一种模式和标准逐渐发展和推广，在社会中的运用越来越广泛。同样的标准被传输到海外，但是在这样的输出下并没有人受到影响。今日，标准英语的语法和词汇世界各地的英语运用中大部分都是一样的，英语的多样性在地方标准中真正是次要的，比如在新加坡、南非、爱尔兰在语法和词汇涉及到的方面真正的区别很小。实际上，标准英语的影响如此巨大，在区域多样性的影响产生了很大的影响力。在许多长期建立的英语口语已经失去活力和在标准之上有相当大的压力。这种最近的情况不仅仅对英语是唯一的，同样出现在其他国家的标准化过程中。但是在有些时候存在的问题英语演讲者试图打击在地方和种族之间的一些妥协，甚至超越民族的。

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