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2019考研英语复习资料定语从句翻译技巧

2019考研英语复习资料定语从句翻译技巧
2019考研英语复习资料定语从句翻译技巧

2019考研英语复习资料:定语从句翻译技巧

来源:文都教育

由于中英语言方方面面的差异,造成了中英互译过程中的各种误区和困难。虽然单词量在翻译过程中很重要,但是并不代表我们在翻译的时候毫无技巧可言。因此根据不同类型的句子采用不同的方法技巧,能让翻译事半功倍。今天文都考研中心就来和大家探讨一下如果遇到定语从句的翻译,我们该使用何种技巧。

定语从句有时也称为形容词从句,在英汉两种语言中结构完全相反,这就是造成中英文转换困难的原因之一,同时这也要求我们在翻译时候进行变通,调整从句的类别,比如翻译成各种类型的状语或转换成其他类型的从句,甚至翻译成独立的句子。另外,我们也应特别注意定语是否系限定性或非限定性。非限定性定语从句与主句结构松散,对位置的要求不高。但是如果定语从句是限定性的,处理起来就有必要仍放到被修饰词对的前面。当然我们也必须照应上下文,根据语境灵活处理,接下来我们看几个例子。

例:Give me the book you bought me, not the one I bought you. (把你买给我的书给我,不是我买给你的那本。)

本句定语从句仍放到被修饰词的前面是因为原文的定语较短且是限定性的。

例:How can I introduce into a casual conversation those lengthy lines of argument that inject the adrenaline into a given idea. (我怎样才能将那些冗长的学术文章的内容,在与普通人的交谈中表达出来?这些文字常为人的思想注入生机活力。)本句含有一个定语从句,但这个从句与前面被修饰词之间的关系并不十分紧密,因此在翻译的时候将从句单独处理成一个句子更佳。

例:Individuals who are infected with HIV but remain healthy and keep viral replication in check may offer some hope for guiding the design of an effective HIV vaccine. (有些人虽然

感染了HIV病毒,但身体仍然健康,并能遏制病毒的复制,他们为研制有效的HIV疫苗带来了一线希望。)

本句的定语从句与后面的but连起来,译成了“虽然......但是”这一状语从句结构,汉语中原文结构的影子完全不见踪影了。定语不必还原成定语,而可以翻译成各种不同的状语是英汉翻译时常常使用的方法。

所以简单总结一下就是,翻译定语从句时,一定要看定语是限定性的还是非限定性的,注意从句与全面被修饰词之间的关系,以及一定要学会灵活变通,不要以定语译定语,必要的时候完全可以翻译成其他类型的从句以及独立的句子。

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