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最新中国文化五十话题--中英翻译

Topic 1 文化概述

在中国五千年的文明史上，中国人有无数的发明和创造，如汉字、中医、丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)、指南针、造纸术、印刷术和火药(gunpowder)。这些独特的发明和创造是中国人对世界文明

的伟大贡献，证明中华民族是一个富于原创性的民族。与此同时，中国人又有一种开放的胸怀，欢迎远方来的朋友，并以极高的热情吸收和包容外来的文化。大唐盛世和明代郑和七下

西洋都表明，中华文明具有开放性和包容性。

Over a history of 5 000 years, Chinese people have produced numerous inventions. These unique inventions, including Chinese characters, traditional Chinese medicine, silk, porcelain, compass, papermaking, printing and gunpowder, are significant contributions Chinese made to the global civilization, proving that the Chinese nation is full of creativity. In the meanwhile, the Chinese people have always kept an open mind toward foreign friends and absorbed foreign cultures with great enthusiasm. Both the prosperity of Tang Dynasty and Zheng He’s seven long voyages to the West Seas in Ming Dynasty demonstrate the openness and inclusiveness of Chinese culture.

Topic 2 四大发明

说到中国古代的科技文明，就不能不说四大发明（the Four Great Inventions）。人们普遍认为，

指南针、火药(gunpowder)、造纸术和印刷术的发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展

产生了巨大的推动作用；并且，这些发明经由各种途径传至西方，也影响着世界的文明进程。

从历史发展的角度来看，中国古代的四大发明是为人类社会生活带来革命性变化的科学发明，

这是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献。中国的四大发明在人类科学文化史上留下了灿烂的一页，

推动了人类历史的前进。

When it comes to science and technology in ancient China, the Four Great Inventions, including compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing, should always be discussed. It is commonly believed that the Four Great Inventions have promoted the development of politics, economy and culture of ancient China dramatically; moreover, these inventions have a great impact on the civilization of the world since they have been introduced into the Western world in various ways. From the perspective of historical development, the Four Great Inventions of ancient China are scientific inventions that bring revolutionary changes to the social life of human beings, which are great contributions Chinese made to the civilization of the world. The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are brilliant in the history of human science and culture and promote the progress of human history.

Topic 3 长城

说到中国文化，不得不提到长城。从公元前7世纪到公元16世纪，在大约 2 200 年的时间里，先后有19个朝代修建过长城，所修的长城累计有10万千米以上。主要的长城修建工程

是在秦代、汉代和明代。现今存有遗迹的主要是明长城，从东边人海口的山海关( Shanhai Pass)开始，一直到沙漠深处的嘉峪关(Jiayu Pass)，全长6 700 千米。长城是世界历史上最伟大的

工程，其建造时间之长、参与人数之多、工程难度之大，在世界上无出其右。

When it comes to Chinese culture, the Great Wall is the one that will be definitely referred to. From the 7th century BC to the 16th century, through about 2 200 years, the Great Wall was built in 19 dynasties and reached a length of more than 100 000 kilometers. Major construction was carried out in Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties. The Great Wall we visit nowadays is mainly the

Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, stretching 6 700 kilometers from Shanhai Pass on the eastern seashore to Jiayu Pass in the depth of desert. The Great Wall is the greatest project in the history

of the world for its unparalleled span of construction, number of labors and difficulty.

Topic 4 移民现象

现在，很多人选择在国外生活，这引起了人们极大的关注。越来越多的人，特别是大量知识

分子(intellectual)，移民到美国、英国和加拿大等发达国家。并且，很多在国外学习和工作

的人都在为“绿卡”而奋斗。造成这种现象的原因有很多，其中，追求高质量的生活是关键。

再者，这些人中大多数人移居国外是想让孩子在那儿接受良好的教育。此外，一些人只是想体验他们所喜欢的异域文化。以上这些就是造成他们决定移居他国的原因。

Nowadays many people choose to live in a foreign country, which has aroused great concern. More and more people, especially plenty of intellectuals, migrate to some developed countries, such as America, Britain and Canada. In addition, there are still many people studying and working in foreign countries struggling for green cards. There are many reasons accounting for this phenomenon. Among all these factors, pursuing high-quality life plays a critical role. Moreover, most of them migrate to some foreign countries with a view to making their children Receive good education there. Besides, some people just want to experience the foreign culture they like. All these above factors contribute to their choice to migrate to another country.

Topic 5 中国汉字

近年来，随着经济的快速增长，中国的国际影响力提升了，世界上学汉字的人也多了起来。

这套独特的符号系统积淀了丰富的历史文化内容，西方人在学汉字的过程中甚至能体会到这

个东方民族的微妙心灵。如今在中国，汉字也越来越受到人们的重视。人们发现，这一文字符号包含着丰富的文化内涵和审美意蕴，在科技飞速发展的今天，反而越来越显示出它的光彩。古老的文字在现代的文化生活中焕发出新的魅力。

With its rapid economic development in recent years, China’s international influence has greatly increased, so the number of Chinese character learners across the world has been on the rise. This unique symbol system accumulates the rich historical and cultural content in it. When Western people learn Chinese characters, they may even understand the delicate thoughts of this oriental nation. Nowadays, great importance is attached to Chinese characters in China. It is found that the glamour of these character symbols with rich cultural and aesthetic connotation is greatly shown especially in the current society with rapid scientific development. These ancient characters are revitalized in modern civilization.

Topic 6 郑和下西洋

公元1405 年7月11日，地球蓝色的海洋上出现了一支庞大的船队，前后有208 艘船，这是有史以来最大的一支船队，船上所载的各类人员有27 500多人，也是有史以来最多的航

海人员。船队由一位叫郑和的人统帅。船队带着中国这个古老国家的瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等数不尽的珍奇，穿越南海、马六甲海峡( the Strait of Malacca)，横跨印度洋，到达亚洲、非洲

的很多国家。在此后的28 年间，郑和一共六次下西洋，随船人员共计10万多人，访问了30多个国家。

On July 11, 1405, a huge fleet consisting of 208 ships appeared on the blue sea of the earth. It was the greatest fleet with more than 27 500 crews that the world had ever seen. The Commander of this fleet was Zheng He. Carrying porcelain, silk, tea and other numerous Treasures from China, a country with a long history, the fleet passed through the South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca, traversed the Indian Ocean and arrived at many countries in Asia and Africa. Over the next 28 years, Zheng He led six more fleets with crew members adding up to more than 100 000 people, and visited more than 30 countries.

Topic 7中国艺术

中国人创造了很多独特的艺术形式，如纯净的瓷器，千古传诵的唐诗(Tang poetry)，以演员表演为中心的京剧等。这些艺术形式呈现了中国人的心灵世界，显现了中国人独特的美感，

成为展示中国人生命力和创造力的窗口，具有永恒的魅力。中国人将艺术当作提升生活品质、

慰藉( soothe)心灵的媒介，艺术是中国人人生哲学的延伸。中国的艺术传统是一部记载着中

国人生活品位和美感世界的活的图画，反映出中国人的优雅心态。

The Chinese have created many unique forms of art, such as pure porcelain, enduring Tang poetry and actor-centered Peking Opera, etc. These art forms with eternal charm reveal the inner world of the Chinese people, demonstrate their unique sense of aesthetics and become the windows that show the vitality and creativity of Chinese people. The Chinese regard art as a way to enhance the quality of life and to soothe the mind. Art is an extension of the Chinese philosophy of life. Chinese art tradition is a vivid picture of Chinese people’s lifestyle and aesthetics, reflecting Chinese elegance.

Topic 8 中国园林

中国人建造园林有两干多年的历史，主要有皇家园林(imperial garden)、寺院园林和私家园林。现存的皇家园林，如北京颐和园，都是举世闻名的园林。中国的佛教和道教寺院也多建有园林，如杭州灵隐寺。在这中间，私家园林独具风味。今天，在江南(South“the Yangtze River)和长江沿岸的苏州、扬州等地所见的私家园林，多是明清两代留下的，它们如同一幅幅山水

画( the landscape painting)，展现出独特的魅力。中国园林艺术有丰富独特的创造，是理解中

华民族美感特点的一个重要领域.

Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2 000 years ago, mainly including three styles

of garden: the imperial garden, the temple garden and the private garden. The extant imperial gardens today, such as the Summer Palace in Beijing, are world-famous gardens. Many gardens were also built in China’s Buddhist and Taoist temples, such as the Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou. While among the Chinese gardens, the private gardens have a unique ambience. Scattered in South

of the Yangtze River and Suzhou, Yangzhou and other places along the Yangtze River, the private gardens are mostly legacies from Ming and Qing Dynasties. They resemble the landscape paintings with distinctive charm. Rich and unique creativity could be found in Chinese gardens, which is an important field to understand Chinese aesthetics.

Topic 9 中国诗歌

中国是诗的国度。尤其到了唐代，中国古典诗歌进人了全盛时期( heyday)。唐代近三百年间，

涌现出了大批优秀诗人和杰出的诗歌作品。唐代诗歌数量极大，题材广泛，意象(image)和风格多样化，出现了大量思想性和艺术性完美结合的作品。唐诗是中国人的千古绝唱。唐代的伟大诗人不胜枚举，其中李白、杜甫、王维因其诗歌所蕴含的中国文化的意味和情趣而最

具代表性。

China is a country of poetry. Especially in Tang Dynasty, Chinese classical poetry reached its Heyday. During the nearly three-hundred-year reign of Tang Dynasty, large numbers of excellent poets and outstanding poems mushroomed. Poetry of Tang Dynasty featured large quantities, wide themes and diversified images and styles, and many masterpieces with perfect combination of great thoughts and artistry emerged. Poetry of Tang Dynasty is Chinese eternal legacies. Li Bai,

Du Fu and Wang Wei are the representatives of great poets of Tang Dynasty due to the unique meaning and temperament of Chinese culture in their poems.

Topic 10 茶馆文化

中国很多地区依然保留着传统的茶馆文化，尤其是在四川省的省会成都，茶馆遍布城市的各

个角落：路边、桥下、公园里，甚至寺院和其他历史景点。泡茶馆（relaxing in teahouse）是当地市民最喜欢的消遣方式之一。工作日的下午三点钟，茶馆里往往人满为患。当地人坐在古色古香的竹椅里，所用的茶具本身可能也是古董。服务人员托着一大堆茶具急匆匆地跑

来跑去，将长嘴壶（long-spout kettle）里倒出来的水注满茶杯，为顾客冲泡最优质的茶叶。Traditional teahouse culture still exists in many parts of China, especially in Chengdu, the capital

of Sichuan Province. Teahouses are everywhere: on the sides of roads, under bridges, in the parks and even inside temples and other historical sites. Relaxing in teahouse is one of the favorite pastimes of the locals in Chengdu. A teahouse full to the brim-at three o’clock on a workday afternoon-is nothing out of the ordinary. Locals sit on quaint bamboo chairs and drink

from traditional tea sets that could well be antiques in their own right. Teahouse waiters scurry around with trays of tea sets, and top up tea cups with hot water poured from long-spout kettles to brew up the high-quality tea for tea drinkers.

Topic 11 京剧角色

“生、旦、净、丑”是京剧中的角色分类。“生”是男性正面角色，“旦”是女性正面角色，“净”是性格鲜明的男性配角(supporting role)，“丑”是幽默滑稽或反面角色。每种角色又

有表明身份的险谱( facial make-up)、扮相(costume)等，只要演员一上场，你一看便知。在人

的脸上涂上某种颜色以象征这个人的性格和品质、角色和命运，是京剧的一大特点，也是理解剧情的关键。简单地讲，红脸含有褒义，代表忠勇(valor)；黑脸为中性，代表猛(vigor)智；黄脸和白脸含贬义，代表凶诈。

Sheng, dan, jing, chou refer to different types of roles in Peking Opera. Sheng is the positive male

role, dan is the positive female role, while jing is a supporting male role with a distinctive character and chou is the clown or a negative character. Each type of role has its own facial make-up and costume that expose its identity as soon as he/she appears on the stage. One major characteristic of Peking Opera is the color painted on the face of a character that shows personality, quality, role and fate. It is also the key to understanding the plot. To put it simply, red is appreciative, standing for loyalty and valor; black represents a neutral role, representing vigor and wisdom; yellow and white both suggest cunning, negative characters.

Topic 12 羊

羊是一种本性温顺（docile）、易于管理的动物。从岩画（rock painting）上原始人镌刻的形

态各异的羊形象中，我们可以看出人类与羊的亲善、和谐关系。羊为人们的生活或祭祀而牺牲，是“有义personal loyalty之物”。羔羊似乎懂得母亲的艰辛与不易，所以吃奶时是跪着

的。羔羊的“跪乳”被人们赋予了“孝顺”和“懂礼”的意义。据文献记载，人们很早就把

羊的美德视为人的道德准则和榜样，这反映了人们对羊的精神感受和对羊的秉性的人格化概

括。

The sheep is an animal that is docile in nature and easy to manage. From the sheep images of various shapes on the rock paintings carved by primitive men, we can see the good and harmonious relationship between human beings and sheep. Sheep sacrifice their lives for people’s living or worship, and therefore are deemed as embracing personal loyalty. The lamb seems to know the hardship of its mother, sucking the breast on bent knees. Such behavior is considered by people to have symbolic meanings of filial piety and courtesy. According to the documents, people have long regarded this morality of sheep as a moral code and example for human beings, which is a reflection of people’s feeling toward sheep and a personalized summary of sheep’s nature.

Topic 13 联合国中文日

联合国中文日是联合国语言日的一部分。根据传说，仓颉( Cang Jie)创造了中国最原始的象

形文字( hieroglyph)。上苍因仓颉造字而感动，为其降下一场谷子雨，这就是“谷雨”(the Grain Rain)的由来。中文日因此被定在每年中国农历的“谷雨”，以纪念汉字始祖仓颉。从2010 年开始，联合国每年都在中文日前后举行多种形式的庆祝活动。例如：2014 年，纽约联合国总部以书画展、茶艺表演( tea-making performance)、歌曲演唱和书法讲座等形式庆祝中文日。The Chinese Language Day is part of the UN Language Days. According to legend, Cang Jie created the original hieroglyph used in China. The Heaven was moved and rained grain in praise of him, which is the origin of the Grain Rain. As a result, the Chinese Language Day is set on the rain Rain according to the Chinese lunar calendar in memory of Cang Jie, the ancestor of the Chinese characters. Since 2010, the UN has been holding all kinds of celebrating activities around this day every year. For example, in 2014, the UN Headquarters in New York celebrated this day with painting and calligraphy exhibitions, tea-making performances, singing performances, calligraphy lectures, etc.

Topic 14 筷子

筷子由两根长短相同的木棍组成，是中国的传统餐具( eating utensil)。筷子出现在三千多年

前，它的出现不仅是中国烹饪文化的变革，也是人类文明的标志。此外，筷子在烹饪技巧的

发展过程中也起着推动作用。如今，筷子不仅是一种餐具，还成为一种独特的文化形式，对

于我们来说，筷子可以作为艺术品来欣赏、研究和收藏。筷子虽小，但仍被世界上许多人所

推崇。一项有趣的实验表明，当你在使用筷子的时候，许多关节和肌肉都会得到锻炼。Chopsticks, the traditional eating utensils in China, are a pair of equal length sticks.

Chopsticks appeared more than three thousand years ago. The appearance of chopsticks is not only a revolution of Chinese cuisine culture, but also a symbol of human civilization. Besides, chopsticks have promoted the development of cooking techniques. Today, chopsticks not only area kind of tableware, but also have become a unique culture form, coming in front of us as a work of art for appreciation, research and collection. Chopsticks are small, but they are adored by many people in the world. An interesting experiment shows that many joints and muscles can be exercised when you use chopsticks.

Topic 15 风筝

风筝起源于中国，在这个国家，制作风筝的理想材料一应俱全：丝织品用来做帆，极具韧性的(high-tensile-strength)丝线可以制作风筝线，轻盈的骨架则由韧性十足的竹子制成。据说，

风筝是墨子和鲁班在公元前5世纪时发明的。在13世纪末期，马可·波罗首次将与风筝有

关的故事介绍到欧洲。尽管风筝最初只被看作是珍奇物品( curiosity)，但自18世纪开始，风筝被用作科研工具。现在，风筝节已经成为一种流行的娱乐形式，最为著名的就是中国的潍

坊风筝节。

Kites originated in China, where ideal materials for making kites were readily available: silk fabric for the sail; high-tensile-strength silk thread for the flying string; and resilient bamboo for

the light framework. It is said that kites were invented by Mo Zi and Lu Ban in the 5th century BC. Stories of kites were first introduced to Europe by Marco Polo in the late 13th century. Although kites were initially regarded as curiosities, since the 18th century they have been used as a vehicle for scientific research. Now, kite festivals have become a popular form of entertainment, and the most famous one is China’s Weifang Kite Festival.

Topic 16 铜鼓

铜鼓（bronze drum）文化是远古时代在长江以南及东南亚的广大地区流行的一种典型文化

代表。在古代，铜鼓多用于祭神、征战和节日活动。在祭神时，它是神圣的法器（artifact）；征战时，它是号令军队振作士气的军乐器；在节日里，它又成为最激动人心的打击乐器（percussion instrument）。铜鼓给人们带来的不仅是精神层面的东西，它还有重要的实用价值。许多少数民族依然保留着在传统节日及婚娶和丧葬等场合使用铜鼓的习俗，

The bronze drum was a kind of typical culture popularized in the wide area of South of the Yangtze River in China and Southeast Asia in ancient times. More often than not, it was used on such occasions as sacrifice ceremonies to gods, launching ceremonies for the war and festival activities. It was sacred artifact on the sacrifice ceremonies, military musical instrument transmitting orders to soldiers and reviving the morale in the war, exciting percussion instrument

in festivals. In addition to its spiritual content, the bronze drum also benefits people with its important value of practical use. Many minority groups still adopt the tradition of playing the bronze drums on the occasions of traditional festivals, wedding ceremony, funeral ceremony, etc.

Topic 17十二生肖之鼠

鼠相貌猥琐，鬼鬼祟祟，破坏力强，落得个“老鼠过街，人人喊打”的千古骂名。但它居于

中国

三生肖(the twelve symbolic animals)之首，自古以来就令人不可思议。一个较为合理的解释

是：鼠常在夜里23时至凌晨1时四处活动，这是一天当中最黑暗的时候，老鼠此时出没便

于隐藏行迹。由此看来，鼠昼伏夜出的（nocturnal）习性是使它能够在十二生肖中独占鳌头

的主要原因，与其口碑不佳及相貌可鄙没有关系。

Rat looks mean and stealthy, and always causes mass destruction, winning it the notorious reputation for “A rat crossing the street is chased by all.” However, it ranks first among the twelve symbolic animals, which has always been a wonder since ancient times. A more reasonable explanation is; Rats often move around from 11 pm to 1 am, the darkest hours in a day that is convenient for the rats to hide themselves. Judging from this, the habit of being nocturnal is the main reason why rat is put in the first place in the twelve symbolic animals, which has nothing to

do with its bad reputation or contemptible looks.

Topic 18 中国寄宿幼儿园

20世纪90 年代，中国寄宿幼儿园(boarding kindergarten)的孩子数量达到顶峰，在当时送孩

子去这样的学校是一种地位的象征。不过最近，这一体系不再像当初那样流行。一些私立和公立的(state-run)寄宿幼儿园都陆续关门，其他的幼儿园正在从寄宿变为日托。位于上海的

中国福利协会幼儿园(The China Welfare Institute Kindergarten)以前是寄宿幼儿园，但现在22个班里只有3个寄宿班。中国家长现在开始意识到，孩子很小的时候要多花时间陪陪他们，

这点很重要，因为孩子们正处于学习的阶段，这是成长过程中一个很重要的阶段。

The number of kids sent to boarding kindergartens in China peaked in the 1990s, when sending a young child to such schools was a symbol of status. Recently, however, the system has become less popular. Some boarding kindergartens, both private and state-run, are closing one after another. Others are switching from boarding classes to day care. The China Welfare Institute Kindergarten in Shanghai used to be a boarding kindergarten, but now in the 22 classes, only 3 classes for young children are residential. Chinese parents are now starting to realize that it’s important to spend more time with their kids when they are very young, because they are learning

in this period and it’s a very important stage of growth.

Topic 19 家庭观念

中国人重团圆、重亲情、讲孝道（filial piety），并强调家庭的和睦。中国人最期望的就是“家和万事兴”。当家庭中出现矛盾的时候，中国人最忌讳把这些矛盾暴露在外人面前，所以中

国人常说“家丑不可外扬”。中国人在家庭中还特别重视父母、长辈的意见，“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前”便是强调长辈的经验对年轻人具有重要的作用。中国人还强调家庭教育对孩子

人格形成的重要影响，常说“子不教，父之过”。

Chinese people attach great importance to reunion, family love, filial piety and a harmonious relationship among the family members. What they expect most is “the family being in harmony

中国文化汉英翻译材料(1)

Exercise I. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.如今，作为东方艺术的一颗璀璨的明珠，京剧不仅在中国各地喜闻乐见，而且已被全世界人民广泛接受。 2.根据所表演角色的性别、年龄和社会地位的不同，演员角色分成四类：生（男角）、旦（女角）、净（花脸男角）、丑（丑角）。 3.京剧的独特艺术魅力使它经久不衰：它创造了一种台上台下演员观众相互交融的美学欣赏与享受。 4.他曾成功地塑造了许多古代中国妇女的形象，完美地表现了她们的温柔、优雅和细腻。 5.梅兰芳也是把京剧介绍到国外的第一人。 6.作为中国的文化瑰宝，京剧必将获得全中国和全世界人民越来越多的喜爱。 Key to Exercise I. 1.Today, as one of the glowing pearls of oriental arts, not only has Beijing Opera been widely enjoyed all over China, it has also been well received all over the world. 2.According to the gender, age and social position of the different roles which they play, actors and actresses are divided into four categories: sheng (male roles), dan (female roles), jing (male roles with facial paintings) and chou (clowns). 3.The uniqueness of Beijing Opera makes its artistic charm so everlasting: the creation of an aesthetic co-appreciation between the actors and actresses on stage and the audience off stage. 4.Mei Lanfang had created very successfully various images of ancient Chinese women and expressed their tenderness, elegance and subtlety. 5.Mei Lanfang was also the first person who introduced Beijing Opera to foreign countries. 6.Being a great treasure of the Chinese culture, Beijing Opera will surely be more and more appreciated by people in China and in the whole world. Exercise II. Make a web advertisement in English, based on the information given in Chinese. 著名的京剧武生徐力先生最近接受了我们舞蹈学校的邀请，担任高级舞蹈教员。武生是京剧中的一个重要生角。武生的特点是武艺好，身手矫健敏捷。武生演员常通过在舞台上翻滚武打（tumbles, tweists, and somersaults）来表现他们高超的武艺。武生的动作准确有力，是大量艰苦训练的结果。中国古典舞蹈和民族舞蹈的舞台技巧和身段（floor skills and postures）大多来自中国传统戏曲的武功（acrobatic skills）。我们舞蹈学校非常荣幸能够请到徐先生教授女子班毯子功(floor skills)和男子班的功夫课。有关课程安排请点击此网址。 Key to Ex. II Make a web advertisement in English, based on the information given in Chinese. A Rare Opportunity The famous Beijing Opera performer of Wu Sheng (acrobatic male role), Mr Xu Li, recently accepted an engagement with our Dancing School. Wu Sheng is a very important role in Beijing Opera. It requires a high level of acrobatic skills. Wu Sheng actors often show off their skills with tumbles, twists, and somersaults on the stage. These skills and movements require great precision in timing and strength, which takes a lot of training and exercise. Many of the floor skills and postures of classic and ethnic Chinese dances were originally from the acrobatic skills of traditional Chinese operas. Our dancing school is very fortunate to have Mr Xu Li to teach our Floor Skills class for girls and Kungfu class for boys. For class schedule, please click HERE. Exercise III. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.齐白石以革新水墨画和毕生献身于这项中国的传统艺术形式而闻名于世。 2.他在几天后把那幅画重画了很多次，但是总比不上他当天即兴完成的作品。 3.兰亭序的极高的艺术价值促使更多书法家临摹王羲之的字体。 4.一个好的书法家所写出来的字必须充满生气，活力并具备完美的形体。 5.书法是一门艺术，它需要清醒的头脑以及对毛笔有全面的掌握。 6.这个年轻演员认识到自己的演技还差，无法与他老师的演技相提并论。 Key Exercise III.

英语四六级翻译(历史文化社会)

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中原文化与中原崛起解读中原文化，我们不难看出，历史上的河南之所以能够长期成为中国政治经济文化中心，成为中华崛起的高地，与根深叶茂的繁荣文化是分不开的。当历史的车轮进入21世纪后，我们要实现中原崛起，很重要的一个方面，就是要开发我们的文化，发展我们的文化，创新我们的文化，要把我们丰富的文化资源变为强大的文化力量，促进又好又快发展，推动中原崛起。所以省八次党代会明确提出要实现经济大省向经济强省跨越、文化资源大省向文化强省跨越。这两个跨越相辅相成、缺一不可。特别是随着经济文化化、文化经济化、经济文化一体化时代的到来，我们只有把这两大跨越有机结合起来，才能加快中原崛起的进程。这次我们举办“中原文化香港行和2007年豫港贸易洽谈会”，实际上就是要充分展示中原文化的魅力，发挥中原文化的潜力、增强中原文化的吸引力，形成推动中原崛起的新动力。为此，我们将坚持先进文化的前进方向，大力发展先进文化与和谐文化，坚持用科学理论引领中原崛起，用人文精神凝聚中原崛起，以文化产业支撑中原崛起，以人才智力支持中原崛起，以创新文化推动中原崛起，全面提升中原文化的引领能力、服务能力和创新能力，为实现中原崛起提供强大的精神支持、智力支持和不竭动力。现阶段，我们首先要把家底摸清，弄清到底有多少文化的“金矿”、“银矿”、“铜矿”、“铁矿”。这项工作，目前已经全面启动，在全省范围内展开了文化资源的普查，一俟普查结束我们就制定开发利用的规划。从当前掌握的情况看，我们至少有以下八大产业可以很好地发展，这就是传媒出版、文博会展、文化旅游、功夫娱乐、影视动漫、戏曲演艺、书法绘画、网络创意等八大产业。我省的这八大产业都是省委、省政府下一步将重点支持发展的产业，无论从资源禀赋看，还是市场潜力看，都具有明显的比较优势和可期的经济效益。比如书法绘画，我们商丘市有一个王公庄村，家家户户画老虎，一年卖画四百万。我们的开封市多数成年人都是书法爱好者或者是各级书协会员。书法绘画在河南不仅有广泛的群众基础，而且有全国领军人物，现任的中国美协主席和中国书协主席都是我们河南人。再如功夫产业，少林功夫影响已经波及世界，来自国内外学习武术的学员仅登封一地就有10万多人，俄罗斯总统普京访问中国时专程拜访少林寺。陈氏太极拳也已经走出国门，开始在澳大利亚、美国等国家设馆收徒，吸引了大量国外的年轻人。河南文化产业的发展前景由此可见一斑。在此，我真诚的欢迎香港的企业家和有识之士到河南去看一看，也欢迎大家积极参与到河南文化产业的开发中来。我相信，只要我们团结一心，措施有力，有9800万勤劳智慧的中原儿女的奋发进取，有包括香港同胞在内的海内外朋友的热情参与，中原文化就一定能够迎来发展的春天，就一定能够放射出更加瑰丽的光彩，成为推动中原崛起的强大动力。 The Culture and the Development of the Central Plain of China A close examination of Central China’s culture clearly reveals that its culture with long and deep roots has contributed tremendously to its central position as the heart of politics and economy in the history of China. At the turn of the 21st century, it is of vital importance to exploit, develop and rejuvenate our culture in the project of resurrecting Central China’s economy , thus giving

中国文化英语翻译

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十中国特色文化与汉英翻译

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翻译（一）、中国文化和历史 1、狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。 The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness. 2、端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。 ? The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes. 3、上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被成为“本帮菜”，有着400多年的历史。同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色，香，味”三大要素。//上海菜的特点是注重调料的使用，食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”。//“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而内肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。//在品尝过“松鼠鲑鱼”之后，我们常常惊讶于“松鼠”的形状，觉得在三大评价标准上在添加“形”这个标准才更合适。 Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among themajor regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste”as its essential quality elements.//Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings,

中国文化五十话题--中英翻译

Topic 1 文化概述在中国五千年的文明史上，中国人有无数的发明和创造，如汉字、中医、丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)、指南针、造纸术、印刷术和火药(gunpowder)。这些独特的发明和创造是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献，证明中华民族是一个富于原创性的民族。与此同时，中国人又有一种开放的胸怀，欢迎远方来的朋友，并以极高的热情吸收和包容外来的文化。大唐盛世和明代郑和七下西洋都表明，中华文明具有开放性和包容性。 Over a history of 5 000 years, Chinese people have produced numerous inventions. These unique inventions, including Chinese characters, traditional Chinese medicine, silk, porcelain, compass, papermaking, printing and gunpowder, are significant contributions Chinese made to the global civilization, proving that the Chinese nation is full of creativity. In the meanwhile, the Chinese people have always kept an open mind toward foreign friends and absorbed foreign cultures with great enthusiasm. Both the prosperity of Tang Dynasty and Zheng He’s seven long voyages to the West Seas in Ming Dynasty demonstrate the openness and inclusiveness of Chinese culture. Topic 2 四大发明说到中国古代的科技文明，就不能不说四大发明（the Four Great Inventions）。人们普遍认为，指南针、火药(gunpowder)、造纸术和印刷术的发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化的发展产生了巨大的推动作用；并且，这些发明经由各种途径传至西方，也影响着世界的文明进程。从历史发展的角度来看，中国古代的四大发明是为人类社会生活带来革命性变化的科学发明，这是中国人对世界文明的伟大贡献。中国的四大发明在人类科学文化史上留下了灿烂的一页，推动了人类历史的前进。 When it comes to science and technology in ancient China, the Four Great Inventions, including compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing, should always be discussed. It is commonly believed that the Four Great Inventions have promoted the development of politics, economy and culture of ancient China dramatically; moreover, these inventions have a great impact on the civilization of the world since they have been introduced into the Western world in various ways. From the perspective of historical development, the Four Great Inventions of ancient China are scientific inventions that bring revolutionary changes to the social life of human beings, which are great contributions Chinese made to the civilization of the world. The Four Great Inventions of ancient China are brilliant in the history of human science and culture and promote the progress of human history. Topic 3 长城说到中国文化，不得不提到长城。从公元前7世纪到公元16世纪，在大约2 200 年的时间里，先后有19个朝代修建过长城，所修的长城累计有10万千米以上。主要的长城修建工程是在秦代、汉代和明代。现今存有遗迹的主要是明长城，从东边人海口的山海关( Shanhai Pass)开始，一直到沙漠深处的嘉峪关(Jiayu Pass)，全长6 700 千米。长城是世界历史上最伟大的工程，其建造时间之长、参与人数之多、工程难度之大，在世界上无出其右。 When it comes to Chinese culture, the Great Wall is the one that will be definitely referred to. From the 7th century BC to the 16th century, through about 2 200 years, the Great Wall was built in 19 dynasties and reached a length of more than 100 000 kilometers. Major construction was carried out in Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties. The Great Wall we visit nowadays is mainly the

中国文化翻译复习.doc

她认为离开了办公大楼,离开了政工部门,就是离开了政治,就听不到那些闲言碎语了,谁知是离开了咸菜缸又跳进了萝卜窖.( jump out of the frying pan into the fire 老子煎熬了小半辈子，还让老婆跟着受委屈． ?I have endured hardships for nearly half of my life, and my wife has suffered all along with me… Note: The native speaker of English may think that he has not suffered for some time in his life. So, for nearly half of my life should be changed into for all my life, for 小半辈子actually means the time from the birth to the time that the words were said. 我们要高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想。 ?We must hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents". Note: “三个代表” is a political term in contemporary China. We better translate literally first and then add an explanatory note: Three Represents, meaning the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China. Otherwise it will be hard for foreign readers to understand. 从这一学期开始，全省公办义务教育阶段全面推行“一费制” ?As the new school term begins, Fujian launches"single all-inclusive fee system" in compulsory education. Note: “一费制”, the "single all-inclusive fee system" refers to the practice that the provincial government decides on total charges based on the checked tuition, book fee and incidental expenses. And the schools will collect the charges once for all and no more charging is allowed. At the post boards of schools, itemized accounts of the charges should be provided. ? “吾恐季孙之忧，不在颛臾，而在萧墙之内也。” I am afraid that the sorrow of the Jisun family will not be on account of Zhuanyu, but will be found within the screen of their own court. 清代（公元1644-1911）山水画家以四王为最著名。他们是王时敏、王原祁、王鉴和王翚。另外，佛门画家道济和八大山人也在山水画坛享有很高的声誉。 During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the famous painters included the four Wangs: Wang Shimin, Wang Yuanqi, Wang Jian and Wang Hui. Monk Daoji and Badashanren (the eight famous recluse monks) were also among the well-known painters. （看似漏掉山水画家这个信息？）嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗。 ?Marry a cockerel and follow a cockerel, marry a dog and follow a dog---- throw in one’s lot with one’s husband. ? Its figurative meaning is that once a girl marries a man, she must be faithful to him forever regardless of all circumstances—to advise a girl to be contented with the man she has married.

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