打印-工程硕士研究生英语基础教程unit1-5-课后答案及课文翻译

Unit 1

我的第一份工作

汽车清洁工

我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。他们俩都经历过大萧条时期，对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。我曾经告诉我妈妈，西尔维斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元。“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。

我把父母的工作道德观带人了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。那时我16岁。学期当中我干活干到五、六点，暑假期间则每天干12个小时。我干的是汽车清洁小工的活儿，也就是清洗、擦亮新车，并确保纸地板垫的位置合适。还有一项职责是在夜里将汽车轮毅盖取下来以免被偷，第二天再还回原处。这是一项很费劲的工作，因为我们有占大约七英亩地的汽车。

一天，我抱着一大捧毂盖转过一个角落，几乎与我们新任总经理撞了个满怀。我吓了一跳，结果把毂盖全掉在了地上。他当场就解雇了我。

我羞愧万分，不愿让父母知道这件事。大约有两周的时间。我每天都忙到晚上，然后我会回家说工作十得很愉快。

走投无路之下，我写了一封信给亨利·福特二世，告诉他所发生的事情。我说我们家是福特车的忠实用户，并说我长大成年后打算买一辆野马车。最后，汽车专营店的店主给我打来了电话。“我不知道你在底特律认识谁，”他说，“但如果你还想要回你原来的工作的话。这工作就归你了。”

后来在大学期间，我想在一家劳斯莱斯(罗尔斯一罗伊斯)的专营店干活，但店主说他们不缺人。即便如此，我还是开始在那儿清洗汽车。当店主注意到我时，我说我会一直干到他雇我。他雇了我。

成功需要毅力。态度也很重要。我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。

出纳员

第一次与我祖母坐在她位于曼哈顿的药店的现金出纳机后时，我10岁。不久之后，她就让我一个人坐在那儿。很快我就知道了礼貌对待顾客以及说“谢谢’的重要性。

起初我的报酬是糖果，后来我每小时得到50美分。每天放学后我都工作，署假、周末和假期则从上午8点干到下午7点。我父亲帮我在银行立了一个账户。看着存款数增加比我当时原本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。

祖母是一位严厉的监工，从不给我任何特殊照顾。她像鹰一样注视着我的一举一动，不过却放手让我应付像在午餐高峰时干活这样压力很大的场面。她的信任教会了我如何对待责任。

等我到了12岁时，她认为我的工作干得很出色，因此提拔我去卖化妆品。我培养出了直视顾客眼睛的能力。尽管我只是个孩子，妇女们会问我“你认为我该用哪种颜色?”之类的问题。我发自内心地关心她们的问题，并能理解她们的愿望，给她们出些该如何化妆的点子。结果我创下了化妆品销售量的最好成绩。

这项工作教给了我宝贵的一课：要做成功的销售者，你不必是一位火箭科学家------你需要的是当一个令人满意的倾听者。今天我仍牢记着这一课：聆听顾客的倾诉。只不过他们不再是从我这儿买化妆品的妇女，而是些孩子们，他们对我说他们喜欢哪些设计和开发出来的玩具。

Unit 2

网络经济的明天

当我们步人新世纪的时候，人类社会正开始由工业经济向知识型经济转型。具体地说，经济中信息的应用主要是反映在通讯的网络化，也就是所谓的网络经济。该网络就是指由卫星、光纤和电话线路将世界各个角落连接在一起的电脑网络。只要用鼠标点击一下，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。网络化大致可分成两个方面：其一是企业与客户之间的网络化。另外一个则是企业间的网络化，或者是工业生产和科学研究之间的地区性甚至全球性的网络化。网上购物就属

于第一个方面。

从长远来看，网上购物仅仅是低层次的网络

化，未必会成为最重要的趋向。毕竞大多数商品

并不适合于网上购物。此外，如果人家都在网上

购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢?所以

说，网络化的第二个方面将更加重要。它的重要

性远远超过了商务联络。:媒体曾报道过世界各地

的医生利用国际互联网进行即时会诊。这些才是

高层次网络化的初期例子。

有人预测，电脑和网络技术新的互动将会对未来

工业产生巨大的影响。电子商务的惊人威力会使

贸易发生激动人心的巨变。彪马体育用品公司在

1992年已濒临破产。1993年起，彪马公司开始把

生产、原材料供应和销售等各分部分散到全世界

80个电脑联网企业。结果业绩斐然。彪马从一只

病猫变成一头真正的猛兽。其原因就是企业内部

和企业之间的电子网络极大地提高了生产、规划、

信息收集以及数据交换的效率。由于业务迅速合

理化，生产数量得到了提高，而同时成本也随之

降低。:

电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个

“电子货币”的崭新时代。电子货币的出现会影响

我们每个人。目前欧美和亚洲的发达地区都已经

开始了对电子货币可行性的研究。电子货币不单

指钱币，而是泛指网上一个完整的金融系统。它

包括一种虚拟的数字钱币、一套电子出纳转账借

贷系统以及各种形状和大小的智能卡(电子钱

包)。电子货币系统的出现意味着“虚拟银行”和“虚

拟企业”的出现。其实，这种虚拟银行的雏形早在

1995年就已经在关国出现。它的名称是“安全第一

网络银行”，堪称世界第一家国际互联网银行。虽

然它只是一家微不足道的银行，但是它却代表了

未来的趋势。到了那个时候，我们也许真的不得

不告别我们己经习惯了的纸币。

当网络化高速地推动经济的时候，经济也反过来

促进网络市场的发展。其结果是国际互联网本身

将成为全球最大的新兴市场。当然这还仅仅是个

开始。尽管在国际互联网市场上投资的许多公司

都赚了大钱，但它们通常是一些小公司，如雅虎

之类。迄今为止，多数公司还是赔钱的。网络化

和电子商务的发展将会造就大批的自由职业者，

从而将对社会结构产生深远的影响。在知识型经

济的时代，科技领域的竞争也会变得更激烈。这

必定会促进更大(甚至是全球范围内)更卓有成效

的合作，以保持竞争力。全球网络化的高效率研

究及开发工作是中小型企业联合起来打破“巨人”

垄断的极好条件。

Unit 3

保护我们的地球

尽管科学研究进行了几十年，但仍然没有人知

道人类活动对环境的破坏究竟有多大。人类被认

为应该为一系列环境问题负责：从全球温度上升

到臭氧大大减少。然而有一点是毫无疑问的，即

人类正对地球上的动、植物的生活产生极大的破

坏作用。

目前，估计每年大约有5万物种绝迹。牛津大

学的地理学家尼克?密德尔顿博士说道，如果这种

情况继续下去，它对所有生物的影响将可能是深

远的。“所有物种都以某种方式互相依赖以生存。

因此危险就在于，如果你从这个互相联系的非常

复杂的网络上除掉一个物种，你很难预料这对生

态系统造成的连锁影响。所以，如果你失去了一

个重要物种，那也许会引起大量其他物种的绝

迹。”

麻烦的是对这些问题还没有明显的解决办法。

和全球气温上升以及臭氧大大减少这些问题不一

样，如果政府进行干预，这两种情况可以通过减

少废气的排放得以减弱，而保护生物的多样性却

依然是一个十分棘手的问题。

最新的想法是“可待续管理”，这就是说，如果人

类能使每一物种有足够的个体存活下来，从而确

保该物种得以延续其生存，那么人类才能从动、

植物物种中获益。

人们把可持续管理视为一种保护物种使之免于

绝迹的实用而又经济的办法。这种办法使当地人

们可以为了经济上的原因而去保护动、植物，而

不是依靠在很大程度上难以奏效的那些反非法偷

猎的规章制度。例如，在津巴布韦就有可持续管

理项目来保护大象。外国游客为娱乐猎杀这些动

物要付高额费用，这些钱随后要交给射猎活动地

区的居民。可以预测，由于牵涉到当地居民的经

济利益，他们会受到激励去保护大象而不是去非

法偷猎或允许其他人去偷猎大象。

这听起来像是一项明智的策略，但它能否起作

用还有待于观察。由于许多发展中国家普遍存在

腐败，一些观察家对这些钱财实际上能否到达应

该接受这笔财物的人们手中表示怀疑。而另一些

人则想知道当地居民在制止非法偷猎者方面究竟

有多大效果。

当涉及保护生物多样性的地区，如世界热带森

林时，可持续管理是否仍然切实可行，人们也有

一些疑问。理论上讲，原则应该和处理大象一样

——允许伐木公司砍伐一定量的树木，但这个量

不应该多到会完全摧毁整个森林的程度。

森林的可持续管理既需要投资种植新树以取

代被砍伐的树木，也需要对被砍伐树木的数量进

行控制。由于几乎所有的热带森林都位于那些迫

切需要从伐木中得到收入的国家，因此在那里很

少有规章制度和奖励措施来控制伐木数量及鼓励

种植新树。事实上，对伐木者来说，最明智最合

算的办法是尽快砍伐尽可能多的树木。

原因之一是热带森林的大多数商业树种的价

格平稳少变。一般来讲，价格每年至多增加4%到

5%。试将这个递增率和大多数发展中国家的利率

做一比较:在这些地区，投资者每年一般有15%或

更多的回报率，有时为零回报。显然推迟砍伐从

经济上来说是不明智的。

解决的办法之一就是只认可来自于可持续管

理森林的木材。理论上讲，消费者只能购买这些

获得认可的木材。这将迫使伐木公司开始保护“绿

色”，否则将无生意可做。遗憾的是那种不加限制

的砍伐所带来的收益要丰厚得多，以至于从接受

管理的森林产出的木材价格要高出5倍多——这

种增长，消费者是不大可能接受的，无论他们是

多么积极的“绿色”保护者。

基于这些原因，热带森林的可持续管理在近期

是不太可能推广的。这真是一个令人沮丧的消息。

据估计。这些森林拥有地球上50%到90%的动、植

物物种。例如，在一次有关秘鲁雨林的5平方公

里的调查中，科学家计算出有1300种蝴蝶和600

种鸟类。而在整个美国大陆，却只记录有400种

蝴蝶和700种鸟类。

科学家诺曼?迈尔斯教授把这种情形看做是

“我们正对地球进行的一次巨大的实验”。“我们

不知道最终的结果是什么。如果我们把这实验搞

得一团糟的话，我们也不能搬到另一座星球上去。

这是一次唯一星球的唯一实验。”

Unit 4

道歉的时机

在整个历史上，说对不起并不是让政治和宗

教领袖感觉舒服的一件事。一些人把说对不起看

作是软弱的象征；另一些人认为说对不起意味着

承认自己是容易犯错误的—这一点是宗教机构特

别小心加以回避的。

但随着政治体制变得更加精密复杂，政府和

教会是无懈可击的观点已越来越难以站得住脚。

一些身居要职的人对此的反应是站起来为过去的

错误道歉。

这个潮流是从1995年才真正开始的。当时英国

女工承认当新西兰还是英国的殖民地时，新西兰

的土著毛利人曾遭到英国人的羞辱。从这以后、

以涓涓细流开始的道歉就变成道歉的滔滔洪水。

仅去年一年，就有三个世界最权威的国家道了歉。

美国总统比尔?克林顿为本世纪30年代美国政府

在美国黑人身上进行医学实验而道歉；英国首相

托里?布莱尔为上一世纪英国在爱尔兰因土豆枯

萎而引发的饥荒中没有帮助受灾的饥民而道歉，

这次饥荒使一百多.万人丧生；法国天主教的主教

们为他们的前任在二战中的表现而道歉。

但为什么政府首脑感觉有道歉的必要，并且为

什么现在才有这种感觉呢?原因之一是与最近的

二战结束50周年纪念有关。3年前，世界各国政

府想以行动来纪念这个有历史意义的事件。但二

战的战胜国发现简单地庆贺胜利已不再合适。许多政治领袖，和他们的国民一样，属于战后的一代，他们现在认为那次战争并不是简单的正义战胜邪恶的战争。并且，时间的流逝抹去了很多当时的宣传色彩。取而代之的是，近期被销密的文件显示战胜方的许多人不是获得了利益，就是对战争所造成的灾难视而不见。

结果，二战50周年的庆祝活动强调了重铸和解以及永远不使二战中的暴行和苦难重演的愿望。但在这些普遍的良好愿望中，还有在二战中经受过如大屠杀暴行和军事占领暴行的极少数幸存者要求承认他们的个人伤害，并要求加以赔偿。

重新审视二战期间犯下的罪行只是道歉现象的原因之一，其他一些政府，尤其是美国，也已意识到如果他们想要求其他国家有高标准的道德行为，他们只有承认自己过去的错误，才能做到这一点。

支撑这些道歉的并不仅仅是良心的发现，也不仅仅是压力群体的要求。一个恰逢其时的道歉对抬高首脑人物的公众形象是很有帮助的。在20世纪90年代，体贴和富于情感的领袖人物要比骄傲和武断的领袖人物赢得更多的选票。

然而，玩用道歉来赢得公众关系的游戏是危险的，这一点一些政治家已亲身体会到了。瑞士政府仍然还在试图纠偏一场公共关系带来的灾难，其原因在于他们对瑞士在本世纪30和40年代与纳粹分子的交往所作的道歉是有失公允的。

但在英国，托尼?布莱尔通过对爱尔兰士豆饥荒的道歉却获得了另一种政治上的利益。他的道歉有助于改善在北爱尔兰问题和平谈判中陷人僵局的双方关系。人们认为他现在正考虑对1972年英国军队在众人皆知的“血腥星期日”事件中对北爱尔兰天主教徒进行的屠杀作正式的道歉。

然而，在托尼?布莱尔宣布道歉以前，他将不得不考虑受害者家属要求赔偿的可能性。接受或拒绝类似的索赔要求的代价可能会大大超过任何政治上所获取的好处。并且，由于这次事件发生的时间比较近，有关北爱尔兰问题双方的关系可能会受到损害。

这几点说明了首脑人物在为过去的错误道歉时所承担的风险。但对大多数领袖人物来说，这样的风险是没有实质内容的。事实上，这些风险是如此的空泛，以至于有一种担心，认为“对不起”居然会成为一个脱口而出的说辞。

Unit 5

教孩子想知道

不幸的是,很少有学校让科学有吸引力。课程介绍更多的新词汇外语课程。课本和字典一样沉闷。因此,太多的孩子认为科学是唯一人们和爱因斯坦一样聪明。信息传递具有讽刺意味的是,孩子们开始了的自然科学家,本能地渴望调查他们周围的世界。帮助他们享受科学可以容易的——没有必要很多科学的术语或昂贵的实验室设备。你只需要分享你的孩子的好奇心。

1.我曾经去过一个教室谈论科学的工作。孩子们问我“教科书问题”教育,工资和我是否喜欢我的工作。当我回答完毕,我们面临另一个坐在沉默。最后我说,“既然我们已经完成了你的清单,你有自己的关于科学的问题吗?”经过长时间的沉默,一个男孩举起手,“你见过蚂蚱吃吗?当我尝试吃树叶,我胃痛。为什么?”这开始的一组问题,持续了近两个小时。“是什么让眼泪?”“小蜘蛛从哪里获得所有的东西织他们的网吗?”“我只是一袋血吗?当我剪,我看到血。”你可能不知道你孩子的问题的答案。没关系,说,“我不知道,但也许我们可以找到。”然后你可以一起探讨的问题。

2.其次,节目,不要告诉即使你知道孩子的答案”年代问题,抵制冲动做出迅速的反应,没有留下开放讨论。强化了误解,科学只不过是一组事实存储在头的成年人。科学解释。科学不仅仅是事实,但这意味着人们给他们,编织成一个故事,自然可能如何运作的信息。回答孩子的问题的最好办法是开始这一过程的故事正在一起。如果她问为什么晚上天黑,试一试,“让我们想到不同的夜晚,让它比一天深。“如果他想知道蜜蜂生活的地方,说:“让我们看,也许我们可以看到他们去的地方。总是准备好答案,“让我们看看。”

3 给他们时间去思考成年人而臭名昭著期待更快的答案。过去30年的研究表明,在问一个问题,成年人通常只有一秒或更少的等待一个答案,没有时间一个孩子去思考。当成年人增加“等待时间”3秒以上,儿童提供更多的逻辑,完成和创造性的答案。我曾经在空气压力进行一个教训推动两个橡胶皮搋子,直到所有的空气被赶出他们紧紧地吸。两个孩子不得不拖轮可能分开它们。“你怎么需要这么多部队把他们分开?”我问。几分钟后,一个叫罗恩的男孩说,“空气被困在那里,它发现一个洞,这一切。这是什么使一个弹出的声音”。他继续展示他的误解,但我什么也没说。然后另一个学生透露她在想什么:“不,这是因为所有的空气柱塞”。她在地板上推下来,直到困,表明一旦杯子的空气被迫离开,内部空气压力低于外部。而不是告诉孩子想什么,给他们时间独立思考。如果一个孩子得到的答案错了,要有耐心。在需要的时候你可以帮助一些诱导性的问题。

4 一旦你有了一个孩子参与科学讨论,不要急于用“对”或“非常好”。这些话工作时鼓励良好的行为。但在谈论科学、快速的赞美可以表明讨论已经结束了。相反,保持事情说,“真有意思”或“我从未这样想过”,提出更多的问题或想法。从不劝孩子“思考”。它是没有意义的,因为孩子们总是想,没有你告诉他们。更重要的是,这可以把谈话变成一个性能。孩子你想要将试图找到答案,在尽可能少的单词,所以,他将是一个较小的目标(对象)的分歧。避免问“为什么”的问题。大多数孩子习惯于听到“为什么”时,他们的行为是批评:“为什么你的卧室这么混乱?“为什么你不能表现吗?相反,我使用“怎么?“

5.真实自然的印象远比任何更令人印象深刻的教训孩子可以学到从书本或电视节目。让孩子们看他们的指尖通过放大镜,和他们会理解你的.希望他们在晚饭前洗。而不是说水蒸发,锅内放入水烧开,让他们看水位下降。如果你带你的孩子去科学博物馆“动手”,不管理他们的行程。让他们带路,探索他们最感兴趣的。

6.孩子们可以学到很多关于物理和工程只需放风筝。试着让你自己的轻量级的木头,纸和字符串。下午结束的“实验”,你的孩子们将得到一个基本的教训在科学因果关系。他们会发现风向和强度在不同海拔地区的转变。买玩具的时候,各种各样的块是伟大的建筑工程。选择玩具和工作部件。更好的是,寻找玩具,孩子们可以安全地拆开,把复原。通过分享孩子的好奇心,你可以给他们一个宝贵的教训,远远超过领域实验中,面对困难。他们会清楚地看到,学习不是苦差事或只在学校发生的事情。学习是享受每一天一辈子。

Unit 1

1. 她计划自己创业（set up）

She plans to set up her own bussiness

2. 态度也很重要(matter)Attitude also matters.

3. 她在客人们到达之前把所有家具都擦亮了. (polish)

she had polished all the furniture before the gusets arrived. (Host 主人 hostess )

4. 有些经理不知道如何与人打交道。(handle) Some managers have no idea how to handle people. Conminute沟通

5. 我们完成那项工程的时间打破了记录(record)

We finished the work in record time.

6. 她喜欢东西都摆好以后再开始工作。（put in）she likes everything to be in place before she starts working.(in place)

7. 她常常一天工作12小时.（acquire）

She often puts in 12 hours’ work a day. 8. 他是从报纸上得到这一信息的.（acquire）He acquired the information frome the newspapers.

9. 我们部门有一个助理的职位空缺.（opening）There’s an opening for an assistant in our department.

( Associate prefessor 副教授 lecturer 讲师) 10. 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊.（promote）the organization works to promote friendship between nations.

Unit2

1、今晚她很可能给我打电话。（likely）

She is very likely to ring me tonight.

2、我看不懂这篇文章（beyond）

Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.

3、新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform）

A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.

4、做事不先考虑总会导致失败。（result in）Acting before thinking always results in failure.

5、他估计那项工作需要三个月。（estimate）

He estimated that the work would take three months.

6、我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。（promote）

We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries.

7.新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。（push ahead）

The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region.

8、网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。（have significant influence on）

Net economy will have significant influence on the people’s life.

9、在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。（bring forward）

At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward

a new plan for the economic development.

10、到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。（to date，wrecked ）

To date, they haven’t found the wrecked fishing boat.

Unit3

1．这场特大洪水给长江中下游地区造成了严重的灾害。(do damage to)

The extremely heavy flood did great damage to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

2．这本畅销书对读者严生了深刻的影响o (impact on)

The bestseller had a great impact on its readers.

3．这辆旧自行车，我最多能付你5美元。(at most) I can give you $5, at most, for the used

bicycle.

4．他们的经济利益及政治权利都应当受到保护。

(as well as)

Their political rights, as well as their

economic benefits should be safeguarded.

5．这场突发疾病把我的假期计划搞得一团糟。

(make a mess of)

The unexpected illness made a mess of my

holiday plans.

6.如果你明智的话,你就再学习一年.(sensible)

If you are sensible you will study for another

year.

7.倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话,你可以再续

一个礼拜.(provided)

You may keep the book a further week provided

(that) no one else requires it.

8.报界纷纷指责专题电视节目使用的粗鄙语

言.(a flood of )

There was a flood of complaints from the press

about the bad language used in the special TV

show.

9、她的任务是把货物整齐地排列在商店橱窗

里.(range)

Her task is to range the goods neatly in the

shop window.

10、校长鼓励参加全国数学竞赛的选手们争取取

得最好的成绩.(encourage)

The headmaster encouraged the candidates for

the national maths competition to strive for

the best results.

Unit 4

1. 我们希望日本政府能对他们在二战中对中国

人民实行的暴行进行正式道歉。（make an apology

for）

We hope that the Japanese government would

make a formal apology to the Chinese people

for their cruelties committed during the

World War II.

2. 后来证实有两名旅客丧生。(turn out)

It turned out that two travelers had been

killed.

3. 现在人们把电视机当作必备的生活用品之一。

(look on… as)

People now look on a television set as an

essential facility for life.

4. 对人民的疾苦视而不见的政治领袖是不会受

到人民的拥护的。（turn a blind eye to）

The head of state who turns a blind eye to the

people’s sufferings will not gain support from

them.

5. 那位勇敢的年轻人冒着生命危险把这个小孩

从湖里救上来。(take risk)

The brave young man risked his life in trying

to save the child from the lake.

Unit 5

1.解说员的讲解非常有吸引力. (make…

appealing )

The guide made her introduction very

appealing.

2.简单点儿讲吧,别用那些专业术语了. (rather

than)

Please use simple words rather than a lot of

jargon.

3.不要急于回答，留出一些讨论的余地。（opening

for discussion）

Please resist the impulse to respond quickly

and leave some opening for discussion.

4.一些启发性的问题可以鼓励孩子思考。

（leading question）

Some leading questions can help the children

to think for themselves.

5.面临困难的时候坚持下去会取得回报。（in face

of…; it pays…）

It pays to persist in the face of

difficulties.

选词部分

Unit 1

1.They made regular visits to the park on the

suburbs during the weekends.

2.She was prooted to division manager last

year.

3.We tried to walk to the park but ended up

taking a taxi there.

4.His handing if these important issues was

highly praised.

5.Thomas bought a new hat to repluce the one

he had lost.

6.The movie received generally favorable

reviews.

7.Thank you for all the time and effort you

have put in.

8.Make sure you’re home bu midnight .

9.He was hit by a falling tree and killed on

the spot

10.The earthquake survivors are in desperate

need of help.

Unit 2

1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly

help foster friendly relations between our

two universities.

2.The competition among these companies at

the printing market has become very intense

in this city.

3.To date, We have not received any replies

from them.

4.In this competitive world , it is better for

any firm to gain technology superiority .

5.The organization works to promote

friendship between nations.

6.It is reported that the Far East area is now

on the verge of war again.

7.There is an obvious trend that young people

like less formal clothing.

8.We should look at these events which

happened two hundred years ago from their

historical perspective.

9.The outstanding businessman agreed that the

last decade was favorable for the emergence

of new and promising enterprises in IT field.

10.The witness proved that the killer was a

man of medium height.

Unit 3

1.The man became rich through making a wise

investment

2That strange animal belongs to a species that

I haven’t seen before .

3.Bananas grow best in tropical climates.

4.He is getting suspicious of my staying away

so long.

5.a child’s character is greatly influenced by

his home environment.

6.if you are in doubt about his ability to do

the task, don’t entrust him with it.

7.the Mexican minority in the southwestern

part of the united states numbers up to three

million.

8.there was a tremendous explosion, and the

building fell down.

9.the company went out of business because it

couldn’t sell its produces.

10.a political dispute involving si nations

may be settled by an agreement between them.

11.all this occurred in an already

desperately poor country.

12.why don’t you do something sensible in your

spare time?

13.she dieted constantly in order to preserve

her youthful figure.

14.the government plans seem good in theory

but I doubt if they’ll work in practice.

Unit 4

1.his failure resulted from not working hard

enough.

2.all the buildings had been turned into hospitals

3.though It looked like rain this morning ,it has turned out to be a fine day.

4.sandy and mary began to dis cuss old times in earnest.

5.over nine‐tenths of the inhabitants there belong to the Han nationality.

6.a kind person will turn a blind eye to trivial faults in others.

7.these children look on their teachers as their friends.

8.the killings wewe said to have been carried out bu members of the people’s temple.

9.i find to my cost that a broken leg can be very painful.

10.we were afraid he would be nervous on stage, but in the event he performed beautifully. Unit 5

1A type of question in which the words used sug gest the answer,leading question

2A great number of questions suddenly directe

d at someone,a barrag

e o

f questions.

3Special words or phrases used in a particular profession or subject(often difficult for or dinary people to understand),jargon

4A piece of curved glass which makes objects l ook larger than they really are,magnifying gl ass

5A wrong idea based on failure to understand a situation,misconception

6The reason why something happens and the resu

lt it has-Cause and effect

7Describing something that someone has done o

r used personally rather than read or learned a bout–hands-on

8Keep doing something that you want lots of ot hers to do–keep the balls rolling

9Hard,boring work–drudgery

10Soft green or grey growth that develops on o

ld food–mould

Unit 3

1.A devastating earthquake left thousands

homeless.(devastate)

2.efforts have been made to prevent the

extinction of the buffalo.(extinct) 3.his survival is still uncertain; he has been

very badly hurt and may die.(survive) 4.The new interest rate becomes effective

next month.(effect)

5.the rocket emitted long streams of flame and

smoke(emission)

Unit 5

(1) The baby was wakened by the defening (deafen) sound.

(2) The wounded (wound) man was taken to hospital.

(3) This is a mistake often made (make) through negligence.

(4) A bus coming (come) from the opposite direction knocked down the cyclist.

(5) He sent away the barking (bark) dog at once.

(6) standing (Stand) on the top of the hill, we came in sight of the whole water fall. (7)driven (Drive) by despair, many unemployed school-leavers have degenerated into criminals.

(8) All the planes departing (depart) for London are carefully searched and checked before taking off.

(9) A boy believed (believe) to have killed

a roommate has escaped from the city.

(10) Most cars imported (import) from Japan are used as taxis.

Unit 1 (l) According to the time table, the train

for London _ C. leaves __ at seven o'clock in

the evening.

(2) You needn't hurry her. She _ A. will have

finished ___ it by the time you are ready.

(3) Darwin proved that natural selection _

D. is _ the chief factor in the development

of species.

(4) While Peggy _ B. is reading ___, her

brother is playing records.

(5) It's been a long time since I _ B. saw

you last __, How are you?

(6) We _ C. have been working __ on it for

several hours, but we have not yet reached any

conclusion.

(7) He said that he_ C. would leave ___ for

Shanghai the next day.

(8) This is the first time I__ B. have seen

_ this kind of refrigerator.

(9) He___ D. had found _ this job before he

moved into this city.

(10) I think this time yesterday he A. was

having an English class in No, 3 Classroom

Building.

(11) By 2000, the university __ C. will have

trained __ 20000 postgraduates.

(12) Since 1970, he_ B. has been working _

in this bank and he loves the job very much.

(13) I don't like to be disturbed if l___

A. am working _.

(14) Before long, she__ B will forget __ all

about the matter.

(15) You can see the house__ D. hasn't been

painted __ for years.

Unit2

(l) That man __ B. has never been known __

to tell a lie.

(2) The children _ C. have been told ___

many times not to go near the street.

(3) The new type of computer is going to__

B. be turned out _ the month after next

(4) After the synthetic_ A. had been

developed __, engineers had a better choice

for materials for construction.

(5) After being tested in many ways, this

newly-designed machine will__ C. be put into

use __ in the near future.

(6) His parents died when he was young, so

he _ C. was brought up ___ by his grandma.

(7) Lead__ D has been used __ as a material

for sculpture since the time of the early

Greeks.

(8) We heud that Mary __ B. had been given

__a raise by her employer.

(9) He ordered the work_ B. to be started

at once ___ .

(10) He was ___ C．thought _ to be clever

but dishonest.

Unit 3

(l) Peter's record was __ C. not so good as

any other player's _ on the team．

(2) The team is good. but not as good as_

B. us ___ .

(3) This tool is __ C. almost as useful as

__ that one.

(4) He will not be_ A．old enough ___ to vote

in this year's election.

(5) Bob's work proved _ A. not much better

___ than that of others.

(6) They are_ D．more friendly than ___ my

other neighbors.

(7) I think he is_ D. three years older __

than I.

(8) Can we do our work better with __ B.

less...fewer ___money and _____ people?

(9) She is __ D. the younger and more __

beautiful of the two sisters.

(10) He can run___ C. as fast as _ I do.

(11) __ B. The more medicine I take __ , the

worse I seem to feel.

(12) Why is there __ A. less __ traffic on

the streets in February than in May?

(13) Prices for cars in the U.S. can run_

A. as high as ___ $20.800.

(14) This room is__ B. three times as big

as __ that one.

(15) This year, the grain production was

three times __ A. as much as __ last year.

Unit 4

(l) It seems very difficult__ D. to stop the

child crying __.

(2) We are glad to___ D. have helped you __

when you needed our help.

(3) The teacher__ A. made the students do __

their exercises.

(4) The doctor found it difficult_ B. to

treat ___ this infection.

(5) He couldn't help but A. cry _ when his

toy car fell into the river.

(6) What__ D. to be done __ next will be

discussed at today's meeting.

(7) He sent his son to the doctor D. to be

given _ an X-ray check

(8) The story was said to__ B. have been based

__ on the information from a reliable source,

(9) Mother warned__ B. him not to touch __

the electric lamp,

(10) He finds it difficult__ A. to adapt

__ himself to the climate here.

Unit 5

(1) Many things__ A. considered ___

impossible in the past are common today.

(2) The machine__ B. being produced __ in our

factory these days is a new type of electronic

computer.

(3) The noise of desks__ A. being opened and

closed __ could be heard out in the street.

(4)___ D, Having heard _ that Barton had been

promoted, his friends came to congratulate

him

(5) __ C. Surrounded __ by the police, the

kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.

(6) Never_ A. losing __ faith in himself,

James Watt went on with his experiment.

(7) There are four factories in our

institute,__ B. each having __ over 100

workers.

(8)___ B. The driver seeing _ a bomb on the

road, the car was stopped.

(9) The weather_ C. being ___ fine, they

decided to go out for a stroll.

(10)___ A. Found _ in all parts of the

country, pines are the most common trees in

this part.

(11) Commercial banks make the most of

their income from interest_ B. earned ___ on

Ioans and investments in stocks.

(12) Returning to my apartment,__ C. I

found my watch missing __ .

(13) Having been served lunch,__ B. the

committee members discussed the problem__ .

（14) The police pursued the criminal

continuously,_ B. finally catching him ___ .

(15) She finished her work,_ C. tired and

worn out ___ .

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大学英语精读第三册课后翻译

Unit1 翻译 1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances. 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 3) 随后发生的那些事件再次证明了我的猜疑（suspicions）是对的。(confirm) The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7) 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。(given) Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter. 8) 数小时后，有人看见那个男孩在林子里瞎转。 Several hours later, the boy was found wandering around in the woods. Unit2 翻译 迅速方便地获得信息是很重要，但学会以新的方式看信息甚至更为重要。医学上一次重大突破也许能说明这一观点。科学家本想寻找一种治天花的特效药，但他们没有成功。英国医生爱德华·詹纳放弃寻找特效药，而是通过找到一种

英语课后翻译答案新

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大学英语精读翻译 Unit1 1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。 Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter. 2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。 I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary. 3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。 I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution. 4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。 In addition to/Apart from writing composition a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation. 5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。

We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spoken English next term/semester. 6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。 Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. 7) 如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。 If you have any questions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me. And I’ll explain them in greater detail. 8) 那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。 The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese. That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years. Unit2 1) 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。 Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once.

新视野大学英语课后习题翻译答案

新视野大学英语课后习 题翻译答案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.

新视野大学英语第四册Unit 1课文翻译

新视野大学英语第四册Unit 1课文翻译 艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢！”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。 他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。 同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收， 但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。 艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。 你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。 一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。 在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。 他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。 但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。 结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求，反而对他本人进行了罚款。 他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。 在最糟糕的时候，他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。 为保持真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不理他。 奇怪的是，收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由！ 他们可以自由地表达，独辟蹊径，不落窠臼，不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。 失败的艺术家寻求安慰时，可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名，或是他们没有出卖自己。

研究生学术综合英语1-6课课文及翻译

Presenting a speech （做演讲） Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言 language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit 来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识， knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself. 传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events]. 和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在 具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。 ——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?”Choose words that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an implicit