新编英语教程第三版 unit 4

Unit 4

Language Structure

Main Teaching Points:

1.Modal auxiliaries may/might used to express “possibility”

eg. It may/might be fine tomorrow.

2.Modal auxiliaries should/ ought to expressing “obligation”

eg. He should/ought to get up early and take some exercise every day. 3.Modal auxiliaries would rather expressing “preference”

eg. I would rather do some reading.

4.Modal auxiliaries must and can’t used to express “strong probability”

and “impossibility” respectively

eg. He must be in the gym. // He can’t be there.

Useful Expressions

go-mountain climbing be in good health

take notice of be weak in / be poor in

suffer from sth. live transmission of sports events

Dialogue A Trip to China

A. Listening to the recording

B. Questions on specific details

C. Broad questions:

1. Describe the changes in China’s rural areas, particularly in the coastal areas.

2. What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get up-to-date

information?

3. Why college education important for modern farmers?

4. Do you believe in “You get what you put in”?

D. Language Points

1. Fancy meeting you here.=It’s a surprise to meet you here.

2. world-renowned/ world-famous世界闻名的

eg. 1) Shanghai is a world-renowned cosmopolitan metropolis.

上海是国际知名的大都会。

2）Tonight a solo concert will be given by a world-renowned singer in Shanghai gymnasium. 今晚一位世界著名的歌手在上海体育馆举办个人演唱会。

3. on and off/ off and on : not happening continuously or regularly断断

续续地

eg. 1) John has worked with Johnny on and of for 10 years.

断断续续共事了十年。

2）It rained on and off all day. 雨断断续续下了一天。

4. legacy: 遗产；遗留之物，后果

eg. 1) Part of her legacy from her parents is a golden pocket watch.父母留给她的遗产中有一块黄金怀表。

2）The masterpiece of Leonardo da vinci are invaluable cultural legacy of the Renaissance.达.芬奇的的杰作是文艺复兴时期宝

贵的文化遗产。

5. capture: v.抓住，捕获，夺取；（用画面、音乐，文字等）捕捉，

描绘；n. 捕获，捕捉；俘虏，战利品

eg. 1) The police finally captured the escaped convict after a two-week search.经过两周的搜捕，警方终于抓获了逃犯。

2）Last night he met a charming woman at the party who captured his heart.昨晚他在聚会上遇到了一位让他心动的魅力女士。

3）These photographs capture the aftermath of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.这些照片捕捉了广岛和长崎原子弹爆

炸后的惨状。

4）He hasn’t eaten anything since his capture.自从被俘后他没有吃过任何东西。

6. inexhaustible: 用不尽的，无穷尽的

eg. 1) The man seems to have an inexhaustible supply of energy.

2) To be frank, my patience is not inexhaustible.

7. the tip of the iceberg: 重大问题显露的一小部分；冰山一角

eg. 1) The reported cases of the water pollution are only the tip of the iceberg. 报道的水污染事件只是冰山一角。

2）Only the tip of the iceberg pokes up above the surface of the sea.

只有冰山的一角突出海平面。

美国著名作家欧内斯特.海明威（Ernest. Hemingway,1899-1961）提出过著名的“冰山原则”。他以“冰山”为喻，认为作者只应描写“冰山”露出水面的部分，水下的部分应该通过本文的提示让读者去想象补充。海明威的写作风格以惜墨如金且轻描淡写而著称，对美国文学以及20世纪文学的发展有极为深远的影响。

8. authentic : true or geniue真正的，真实的；that can be trusted, reliable 可靠的，可信的

eg. 1) The authentic manuscript of the celebrated writer is exhibited in the museum.这位著名作家的手稿陈列在博物馆里。

2）The police have obtained all the authentic details of the murder.警方

已经取得了有关那起谋杀案的所有可靠细节。

9. unparalleled a. bigger, better or worse than anything else无与伦比的，无双的（中性词）

eg. 1) He has made an achievement unparalleled in sporting history.他取得的成就在体育界无人能及。

2）This county is confronted with a financial crisis upparalleled since the 1930s. 这个国家面临着20世纪30年代以来空前的经融危

机。

10. take sth./sb. for granted (that) : 认为…是理所当然的

eg. 1) I just took it for granted that he’d always be around.我还想当然的以为他总能随叫随到呢。

2）Her husband was always there, and she just took him for granted.

她丈夫随时都在身边，她认为他理应如此。

11. prevailing a. 普遍的，流行的，盛行的prevail v.

eg. 1) The prevailing view seems to be that they will find her guity.

一般人的看法似乎认为她会被判有罪。

the prevailing economic conditions普遍的经济状况

the attitudes towards science prevailing at the time 时下对科学的流行看法

2) Justice will prevail over tyranny. 正义必将战胜暴虐。

12. breathtaking: a. very exciting or impressive (usually in a pleasant

way); very surprising激动人心的，惊人的

eg. 1) The scene was one of the breathtaking beauty.美妙的景色宁人叹为观止。

2）He spoke with breathtaking arrogance.他说话时的傲慢态度令人乍舌。

a breathtaking view of the mountains 群山的壮丽景色

a breathtakingly expensive diamond 昂贵的惊人的钻石

E. Retelling

1. Ted tells Bob about his trip to China.

2. Ted introduces many world-famous places he has visited.

3. Ted describes Xi’an’s terracotta warriors and horses.

4. Ted describes Chinese food and cooking styles, the spicy-hot Sichuan dishes in particular.

Reading 1 Human Needs

A.Listening to the recording

B.Questions on specific details

1.Why is food a basic need?

2.How can we avoid malnutrition？

3.Why did primitive people eat only the food that could be grown near

their homes?

4.What is the difference between needs and wants?

(Needs are something necessary to life, and wants are things that we’d like to have.)

5.How do we differ from primitive men in our food wants?

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a6426303.html, three things that a modern house contains but an ancient palace

did not？

C.The structure of the passage

Part 1 (para.1-para.3) What is a basic human need?-food.

Part 2 (para.4) clothing.

Part 3 (para.5) shelter.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a6426303.html,nguage Points

1.do without: do sth.without sth. or sb.没有某人或某物也可以做某事eg. 1) Man cannot do without water.

2) We ran out of surgar so you’ll have to do without.所以你得克服一下了。

2. starve：suffer severely or die from hunger挨饿，饿死

eg. 1) Thousands of people are starving in the poverty-stricken area.

在贫困地区成千上万的人正在挨饿。

2）What will we have for dinner? I’m starving.

3. malnutrition:营养不良

eg. 1) Children of this extremely poor country are suffering from chronic malnutrition.这个极度贫穷国家的儿童长期处于营养不良的状

态。

2）Infection of diseases is more likely in people who are suffering from malnutrition.疾病更容易在营养不良的人群中传染。

4. primitive: a. of an early stage of social development原始的，早期的；

simple, old-fashioned, unsophisticated简陋的，粗糙的

eg. primitive culture/customs/man/tribes/society/instinct原始本能

1) He is engaged in the study of primitive weapons such as bows,

arrows and spears.他正在潜心研究弓箭、矛等原始武器。

2）The conditions are primitive and not sanitary according to modern standards.用现代的标准衡量，这里的条件简陋，不是那么卫生。

5. monotonous: a. not changing, boring单调的，乏味的；枯燥的，无

聊的

eg. 1) The audience could no longer bear his monotonous speech.

2) We must be patient enough to finish some monotonous work from

time to time.

6. diet n. 日常食物；规定的食谱v. 为减轻体重而节食

eg. 1) As a teenager, I dieted constantly.青少年时期，我经常节食。

2）Poor diet is not good for you. 饮食不佳对你身体不好。

3）The doctor said that I have to go on a diet.医生说我必须节食。

a diet of sth. 多的令人生厌的事物diet aids 食疗

be/go on a diet 节食 a salty free diet 无盐食谱

7.Preservation n. action of preserving保护，保存

eg. 1) These cultural relics are in an excellent state of preservation.

这些文物保存得非常完好。

2）The aim of the policy is the preservation of world peace.

这一政策旨在维护世界和平。

the preservation of environment/wildlife/food/works of art

8.exotic a. 外国的，异域的；醒目的，奇异的

eg. 1) Lots of mangoes and other exotic fruits began to appear in the market.

2) Hundreds of people gathered in the streets on carnival,wearing

exotic clothes.成百上千的人在狂欢节这一天身着奇异服装聚集在街头。

9. regulate : v.管理，控制；调校，校准

eg. 1) Strict rules must be imposed to regulate the use of food additives.

食品添加剂的使用必须依靠严格的法规来管理。

2）An internal biological clock regulates the timing for sleep in

humans. 人类体内的生物钟调节睡眠时间。

regulate one’s conduct/expenditure/lifestyle/economy约束行为/限制消费/节制生活方式/调控经济

regulate a clock 校准时钟regulate the traffic 管理交通

traffic regulations 交通规则rules and regulations 规章制度9.muffle :v. cover sb. or sth. for warmth or protection包裹，覆盖

make the sound less clear 抑制住（声音）

eg. 1) Heavily muffled up in an overcoat, he walked into the snowstorm.

他裹上一件厚厚的大衣，在暴风雪中出了门。

2）She covered her handkerchief over her child’s mouth to muffle his voice. 她用手帕堵住孩子的嘴不让他出声。

3）The falling snow muffled the sound of everything.落雪让天地都静了下来。

10. deny v. 否认，否定；拒不给予，阻止（某人）获得

eg. 1) Nobody denies the importance of food, shelter, defense, health and education.没有人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康和教育的重要

性。

2）The doctor strongly denied that he made a serious mistake in the surgery.医生拒不承认手术时他犯下的大错。

3）She was mad at being denied the chance to see his son.不允许见儿子，她气得发疯。

4）There is no denying that this is an important event.毫无疑问，这

是个重大事件。

deny sb. sth.= deny sth. to sb.拒不给与某人某物；阻止某人获得某物deny doing sth. 否认做过某事

deny oneself sth. 摒弃某物

There’s no denying (that/sth.) …毫无疑问是正确的

deny a statement/a claim/an accusation/a charge

否认一个说法/否认某人声称的事/否认一项指责/否认一项指控

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Unit 4 Language Structure Main Teaching Points: 1.Modal auxiliaries may/might used to express “possibility” eg. It may/might be fine tomorrow. 2.Modal auxiliaries should/ ought to expressing “obligation” eg. He should/ought to get up early and take some exercise every day. 3.Modal auxiliaries would rather expressing “preference” eg. I would rather do some reading. 4.Modal auxiliaries must and can’t used to express “strong probability” and “impossibility” respectively eg. He must be in the gym. // Hecan’t be there. Useful Expressions go-mountain climbing be in good health take notice of be weak in / be poor in suffer from sth. live transmission of sports events

Dialogue A Trip to China A. Listening to the recording B. Questions on specific details C. Broad questions: 1. Describe the changes in China’s rural areas, particularly in the coastal areas. 2. What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get up-to-date information? 3. Why college education important for modern farmers? 4. Do you believe in “You get what you put in”? D. Language Points 1. Fancy meeting you here.=It’s a surprise to meet you here. 2. world-renowned/ world-famous世界闻名的 eg. 1) Shanghai is a world-renowned cosmopolitan metropolis. 上海是国际知名的大都会。 2）Tonight a solo concert will be given by a world-renowned singer in Shanghai gymnasium. 今晚一位世界著名的歌手在上海体育馆 举办个人演唱会。 3. on and off/ off and on : not happening continuously or regularly断断 续续地 eg. 1) John has worked with Johnny on and of for 10 years. 断断续续共事了十年。

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Reference for Unit 6 workbook exercises Blank Filling A. 1.changed, promising https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a6426303.html,ing, qualified 3.determined 4.spoken, leading, surprising 5.frightening 6.demanding 7.pleased, soiled https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a6426303.html,plicated 9.interested, exciting, soaked 10.tiring, tired B. 1.giving 2.Fascinated, rising / rise 3.singing, to do, making

4.keeping, playing, to be, to see, climbing 5.opening 6.to take, shopping, doing, to do 7.to have remembered, to tell, preparing, to do 8.to watch, to read, reading, watching 9.missing, to tell 10.to be taken 11.swimming, cleaning, to do 12.waiting, seeing, missing, to find, to be C. 1.for 2.to 3.of 4.on 5.read 6.across 7.about / for 8.in 9.until / till 10.opinion 11.by 12.keep 13.excellent 14.time 15.pleasure 16.from 17.yourself 18.in 19.filled 20.trains

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UNIT 2 一. Translation 1. Do you know which team won the football match? I have no idea. You may ask XiaoLi, he is a member of the team.\ He is on the team. 2. It is not suitable (proper) to regard this film either as totally good or completely bad. 3. I wonder if I should tell my parents that I failed in the examination. 4. Of course, he behaved dreadfully, but after all, he is only six years old. 5. The moment he saw his boss, he trembled as if he had seen a ghost. 6. I don’t think we can afford the house, even if we save every penny we have. The other day: the past time\a few days ago Take````seriously```: take````important``` Withered: become dry and then to die Clumsy: movement is not quick, stupid One of there days: in the near future Unique: specially, only one

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Unit 1 恰到好处 Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 The French have an apt（贴切的） phrase for this. They speak of “le mot juste,” (the exact word) the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous（一丝不苟的） writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle（微妙的） and delicate（细腻的） in their different shades（色调）of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely（正是，恰恰） what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?” this sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it. 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery（掌握） over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked “What sort of a man is so-and-so（某某等）?” You begin: “Oh, I think he’s quite a nice chap （家伙）but he’s rather…” and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that

unit 1新编英语教程第三版 第二册

Unit 1 Language Structures Main Teaching Points: The Passive Sentence involving the moral auxiliary have to . The pupils should be told that their homework has to be checked before they hand it in. 2. converted from the active sentence with a direct and indirect object . She isn’t paid anything for overtime. 3. involving the verb phrase/ phrasal verb . I don’t think anybody should be made fun of because of his physical handicap. 4. from by the They say/It is said …patterns . They say/ It is said that three parks will be expanded. Language Points: scratch: (at sth.) to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching;挠，搔（痒处）; to make or remove a mark刮出（或刮去）痕迹；（sb./sth.）(from sth.)to decide that sth. cannot happen or sb./sth. cannot take part in sth., before it starts.取消，撤销，退出 . 1) The dog scratched itself behind the ear. 2)I’d scratched my leg and it was bleeding. 3)Be careful not to scratch the furniture. 4)His pen scratched away on the paper. 5)to scratch a rocket launch取消火箭发射计划 6)She has scratched because of a knee injury. 2. turn sb./sth. down: to reject or refuse to consider an offer, a proposal, etc. or the person who makes it.拒绝，顶回（提议、建议或提议人）；to reduce the noise, heat, etc. produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls 把…调低；关小 has been turned down for ten jobs so far. 2)He asked her to marry him but she turned him down. 3)Please turn the volume down.音量调低。 3. look down on sb./sth.: to think that you are better than sb./ sth.蔑视，轻视，瞧不起 . She looks down on people who haven’t been to college. look sb. up and down: to look at sb. in a careful or critical way上下仔细打量，挑剔地审视某人 (not) look yourself :to not have your normal healthy appearance气色不像往常那样好 . You’re not looking yourself today.=You look tired or ill/sick.

新编英语教程第三版第四册练习册翻译题答案(总主编李观仪,主编梅德明版)

新编英语教程第三版第四册练习册翻译题答案（总主编李观仪，主编梅德明版） Unit1 1.每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以免吵醒邻居。 Every time he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs,trying not to disturb his neighbors. 2.为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地主动帮她把行李搬进屋子。To establish some kind of rapport with his new neighbor, Mr.Jones lost no chance in offering to carry her luggage into the house. 3.米勒博士向我们推荐的文章中论述了空气污染问题，同时也提到了诸如水污染、噪音污染和视觉污染等问题。 The article recommended by https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a6426303.html,ler centers on the problem of air pollution; meanwhile, it touches upon others issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution. 4.要不是她朋友时常鼓励她、帮助她，她将一事无成。 If it had not been for the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldn’t have accomplished anything. 5.几天前他还对这项计划嗤之以鼻，可他现在却以高涨的热情去努力落实这项计划，这转变真令人难以理解。 It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new project, but he is now working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change! 6.从她的自传可以断定，她对那名钢琴师始终怀有一种复杂的感情。 Judging from what she wrote in her autobiography, she always had mixed feelings for that pianist. 7.他在大厅里候机时与两名美国旅行者攀谈起来，谈到了很多有趣的跨文化方面的问题。While waiting in the lounge for the flight, he struck up a conversation with two American travelers and touched on many interesting cross cultural issues. 8.这些女孩子都害怕晚上单身一人值夜班。 These girls all dread working alone on night duty. 9.我不在乎加班工作，我介意的是在周末尽做一些无意义的琐碎杂务。 I don’t mind working overtime. What I do mind is working on those insignificant trivial during the weekend. Unit2 1.这个看上去饱经风霜的渔翁伸出他那由于辛劳而布满老茧的双手，开始讲述他海上生活的艰难历程。 Holding out his work-gnarled hands, the old fisherman with a weather-beaten face started to tell us about the hardships of his life on the sea. 2.小女孩显然受伤不轻。她哭了好几个小时，现在仍在呻吟。 The little girl is apparently badly injured. She’s been crying for hours and she’s still moaning. 3.当诺贝尔奖得主由主席陪同走上讲台时，整个大厅顿时爆发出一阵欢呼声和鼓掌声。 As the Nobel Prize winner went onto the platform escorted by the chairman, the whole hall rocked with cheers and clapping. 4.舞会进行到高潮时，舞厅里一片乐曲和歌声。 When the dance party was in full swing, music and songs swirled all around the ballroom. 5.不知是何原因，许多大学生又表现出对中国传统戏如京剧和越剧的浓厚兴趣。 For reasons that are not quite understood, there has been a revival of strong interest in