翻译试题和答案

大学生笔译比赛测试题

（测试时间为 2 小时）

姓名：分数：

一、汉译英（共50 分）

A Bite of China, a mouth-watering late-night documentary television series featuring delicious Chinese food, has attracted countless viewers, and moved many to tears. Given its subject matter and time slot, A Bite of China was initially considered a "weak player" on TV. Surprisingly, the documentary became popular immediately after airing, and has made viewers go beyond thinking about delicacies. "Man is what he eats," said Ludwig Feuerbach. From its very beginning, A Bite of China is not just a documentary about food. "The scenes of digging for bamboo shoots, hanging hams, catching fish using a net, opening a steamer filled with white steamed buns, and pulling wheat dough into thin strands for noodles move us to tears. What a lovely China!" a viewer said. A Bite of China is a serious documentary providing a unique view of Chinese as well as the relations between people and food and between people and society from the perspective of food. 舌尖上的The touching documentary reminds some people of their mother, and makessomerealize that every grain comesfrom hard and laborious toil. Some people see patriotism in the documentary, and some consider it a great cultural export. How did this documentary achieve a tremendous influence beyond its subject matter in such a short time? "

Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, p erhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chewbefore being dr iven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, h owever, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exubera nt water plants have untried the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. Wh en approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions 。

二、英译汉（共50 分）

教育思想的转变需要我们拓宽专业面，增强适应性，按照知识、能力、智慧、素质协调发展的要求，构造新的人才培养模式，培养高素质?高层次、多样化、创造性的人才，在教育质量关上，要改变过去那种教师单向传授知识，学生被动学习，以考试分数作为衡量教育成果的惟一标准的观念，要用新的眼光判断什么是好的学校、什么是好的课程、什么是好的教育效果、什么是好的老师、什么是好的学生等问题。简而言之，要创建世界一流大学，不改革不行；要搞教育改革，不转变教育观念不行。

现在大家都知道，保持一种积极的生活方式在日常生活中至关重要。只有照顾好自己，我们才有可能在工作中、在心爱的家庭里、在社会上扮演好各种角色，成为自己努力想要成为的人。但是这并不是一件易事。

1. 高效健身挑选一种你可以随时随地进行的运动项目——不管是在旅行途中还是加班晚归都能方便地运动。这类运动最好是不需要太多准备的项目（风帆冲浪什么的还是周末再去吧），而且要能在较短时间内取得显著的健身效果（抱歉，高尔夫球友们）高强度间歇性训练、Tabata 训练法、体重锻炼以及跑步等，都是非常不错的选择。

2. 结合个人喜好

现在你可能正在想：“我讨厌跑步！” （或者Tabata，或者其他的运动）那完全没问题。我们都需要实事求是、了解自己。别人选择跑步，你可以选择瑜伽、体重训练或者舞蹈。就身体锻炼来说，自律通常是十分必要的; 但在选择运动形

式的时候，大可以放轻松一点，选择适合你生活方式、个性特点以及个人品味的项目。还不确定你喜欢什么?不要害怕，大胆尝试不同类型的运动项目吧，你会找到最适合自己的运动的。

3. 用比赛来激励自己运动要在工作上获得成功，合作是关键。但是当我们试图激励自己定期健身（同时为达到健身效果运动时又需要一定的强度）时，竞争就显出了它的价值。如今，几乎在任何运动项目中，都能找到适合你能力水平的比赛。不管是高手还是菜鸟、亦或介于两者之间，你都能有所收获。报名参加一场比赛吧，给自己设定一个目标，然后留意它对你能起到什么作用——有困难并不是坏事，它或许会成为你继续坚持下去的推动力

答案：

舌尖上的中国， 一档使人垂涎欲滴以中国美食为主题的深夜档电视系列节目， 吸引了无数观 众的目光， 使得许多人潸然泪下。 由于它的主题以及播放档期， 舌尖上的中国一开始被认为 是电视节目中的“弱者” 。令人惊喜的是，这部纪录片一经播出，便立即变成了热门，也使 得观众的思考超越了美食本身。 “人吃什么，就成什么” ， Ludwig Feuerbach 这样说道。从 它的诞生伊始，舌尖上的中国就不仅仅是一部有关食物的纪录片。 “那些挖竹笋、晾火腿、 撒网捕鱼、 打开装满了白馒头的蒸笼以及把面团做成细面条的种种镜头让我们感动， 让我们 落泪。中国多可爱啊！ ”一个观众说到。中国是一部严肃的纪录片，从美食的角度，以独特 的视角展示了中国人， 也展示了人与美食以及人与社会的关系。 这部令人动容的纪录片使人 们想起了妈妈的味道，也使一些人意识到“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”的道理。一些观众从 节目中看到了爱国主义， 而一些人觉得它是一个很好的文化输出。 这档纪录片是如何在短时 间内，挣脱了主题的束缚，造成巨大影响力的呢？

暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一 幅绚烂的图画旁边， 在河湾之畔， 一群羊正在低头觅食。 它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来， 看一眼这美丽的黄昏。 也许它们要抓紧时间， 在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。 这是黄河滩 上的一幕。牧羊人不见了， 他不知在何处歇息。 只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。 这儿水草肥美， 让它们长得肥滚滚的， 像些胖娃娃。 如果走近了， 会发现它们那可爱的神情， 洁白的牙齿， 那丰富而单纯的表情。 如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞， 还会生出无限的怜 悯。

for the evaluation of the result of education. Wes hould view some education issues with new standards, such as the criteria for good sch ool, good curricula, good effect of education, good teachers and good students, etc.

In brief, a world-class university cannot cometrue without reform, nor will educ ation reform succeed without changing traditional educational concept

The change of educational

ideology requires us to widen the sphere of specialties, en hance the adaptability,

and frame a new education modeto develop comprehensive abili ties of the students

in such aspects as knowledge, aptitude, intelligence, and person al quality, etc., so as to construct a new modeof fostering qualified and creative pe rsonnel of diversified specialties

n, weshould change the traditional at high levels. As regards the quality of educatio modeof classroom teaching ------------------- with teachers ela borating all the time and students passively imputing. Andso is the concept of consid

ering scores as the sole criterion

四

We all know by now that maintaining an active lifestyle should be one of our top priorities in life. Only by taking care of ourselves do we stand a chance of being the kind of person we strive to be on the job, at home with our loved ones and in our communities. But that doesn't mean it's easy. 现在大家都知道，保持一种积

极的生活方式在日常生活中至关重要。只有照顾好自己，我们才有可能在工作中、在心爱的家庭里、在社会上扮演好各种角色，成为自己努力想要成为的人。但是这并不是一件易事。Work, in particular, can get in the way of working out -- in fact, there is a bigparadox going on, and it becomes more obvious the more challenging (and exciting!) a job gets: On one hand, we struggle to find time to work out; on the other, we can't afford not to exercise because it is integral to sustained success. 工作，是

最会影响到健身的因素——事实上，这是个令我们两难的矛盾。工作越具挑战性( 也越刺激)，这个矛盾就越突出：一方面，我们没有太多时间运动健身; 另一方面，不锻炼身体的代价太高了，因为身体素质是维持成功状态的重要条件。Here are six tips for how to fit

exercise into your daily routine -- no matter how busy you are with work. 下面的 6 条建议教你如何把健身和日常活动结合起来，这样无论你的工作有多忙都能有一个强健的体魄啦。1、Work Out Efficiently 高效健身Pick a workout form that

you can do almost anywhere, whether you're traveling or getting home from the office late. Ideally, this will be a form of exercise that doesn't require much preparation (maybe save the wind surfing for the weekend) and that accomplishes significant physical gains in a short period of time (sorry, golfers). High-intensity interval training, Tabata training, bodyweight exercises and running are all great choices. 挑选一种你可以随时随地进行的运动项目——不管是在旅行途中还是加班晚归都能方便地运动。这类运动最好是不需要太多准备的项目( 风帆冲浪什么的还是周末再去吧) ，而且要能在较短时间内取得显著的健身效果(抱歉，高尔夫球友们) 。高强度间歇性训练、Tabata 训练法、体重锻炼以及跑步等，都是非常不错的选择。2、Cater To Your Own Likes And Dislikes 结合个人喜好By now you might be thinking, “ I hate running! ” (or Tabata, or what have you) -- and that's okay. We each need to be realistic and to know ourselves. One person's running is another person's yoga, weight ttraining or dance. Flexing your self-discipline muscles is often necessary when it comes to exercise, but make it easier on yourself by choosing a form of exercise that fits your lifestyle, personality and taste. Not sure what you love to do? Don't be afraid to experiment with different forms of exercise until you find what works best for you. 现在你可能正在想：“我讨厌跑步! ”(或者Tabata ，或者其他的运动) ——那完全没问题。我们都需要实事求是、了解自己。别人选择跑步，你可以选择瑜伽、体重训练或者舞蹈。就身体锻炼来说，自律通常是十分必要的; 但在选择运动形式的时候，大可以放轻松一点，选择适合你生活方式、个性特点以及个人品味的项目。还不确定你喜欢什么?不要害怕，大胆尝试不同类型的运动项目吧，你会找到最适合自己的运动的。 3. Use Competitions As Motivation 用比赛来激励自己运动When it comes to being successful at work, collaboration is key. But when we're trying to motivate ourselves to exercise on a regular basis (and with enough intensity for it to really matter), competition has its merits. Today, it's possible to find a competition suitable to your skill level in almost any sport. Whether you're elite, beginner or somewhere

in between, there's something for all of us. Sign up, set a goal and notice what it does to you -- odds

are good it might be the push you need to keep yourself in the game 。要在工作上获得成功，合作是关键。但是当我们试图激励自己定期健身（同时为达到健身效果运动时又需要一定的强度）时，竞争就显出了它的价值。如今，几乎在任何运动项目中，都能找到适合你能力水平的比赛。不管是高手还是菜鸟、亦或介于两者之间，你都能有所收获。报名参加一场比赛吧，给自己设定一个目标，然后留意它对你能起到什么作用——有困难并不是坏事，它或许会成为你继续坚持下去的推动力。

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实用英文写作与翻译作业与参考答案21

实用英文写作与翻译2-1作业及参考答案 第一次作业： Americans Eat Out More often and Less Healthfully Although food cooked at home is far more healthful than meals eaten at restaurants, Americans are dining out more than ever, the U.S. Agriculture Department said Tuesday. Restaurant food accounted for（[在数量，比例方面] 占） 39 percent of U.S. meals bought in 1996, up from 26 percent in 1970, the department said in a report, ``Away-From-Home Foods Increasingly Important to Quality of American Diet.'' ``While（尽管）the nutritional quality（营养质量）of foods consumed by Americans has improved overall, foods prepared at home are generally much more healthful than away-from-home foods,'' the department said. ``Despite nutritional gains at home, Americans will find it difficult to improve their diets because they purchase so many meals outside the home,'' the study said. While （尽管）the nutritional content of food prepared both at home and in restaurants has improved in recent years, food eaten out contains more of the nutrients Americans typically（一般地；通常）eat too much of, including fat and saturated fat（饱和脂肪）, and less of what is lacking from most diets, such as calcium, fiber and iron. The department recommended nutrition education programs should place more emphasis on teaching U.S. consumers about how to order healthful meals when dining out. Improved diets have been found to prevent risk of heart disease, stroke（中风）, cancer, diabetes（糖尿病）, osteoporosis-related hip fractures（与骨质疏松症有关的髋关节骨折） and neural tube birth defects（神经管先天缺损）. Osteoporosis-related hip fractures cost up to $10.6 billion each year in the United States in medical care expenses, missed work and premature deaths（早亡）, the department said. 参考译文：美国人外出用餐频繁而饮食健康水准美况愈下 据美国农业部星期二称尽管在家煮烧的食物远比餐馆里所用之餐有益于健康，美国人外出用餐更频繁。餐馆里的食物占1996年美国人购餐的39%，比1970年增长了26%。该部门在报告中称：“外出所用之餐对于美国人饮食质量日益重要”。该部门还称：“虽然美国人消费的食物的营养质量总体改善了。但是，一般来说，家里所备的食物远比外出用餐的食物有益于健康。”研究表明：“尽管在家里用餐能获取养份，美国人发觉他们难以改善自己的饮食，因为他们多次在外购餐。”近年来在家里和餐馆里所备的食物的营养结构都得到了改善，然而，外出用餐的食物包含了较多典型的美国人汲取过多的养份，包括脂肪和饱和脂肪，也包含了较少多数饮食中所缺少的，如钙，纤维和铁。该农业部提议营养教育计划应更着重于教导美国消费者外出用餐时如何预定有益于健康的一餐。人们发现改善后的饮食结构能预防心脏病，中风，癌症，糖尿病，与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折以及试管婴儿的神经缺陷所带来的危险。该部门称，在美国与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折每年在医疗照料费用，医疗失误和早产死亡之上的耗费高达106亿美元。 第二次作业 1、Kill one’s appetite ?Kill time ?Kill the peace ?Kill the mood ?Kill the proposal ?Kill the engine ?Kill the child with kindness 2、If the doctor had been available, the child would not have died. 3、This ticket is available in all parks. 4、I’ll have Mr. Perkin call you back as soon as he is available.

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英语翻译练习题及答案 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect) _________________________ 2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) _________________________ 3．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable) _________________________ 4．据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It) _________________________ 【答案】 1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly. 2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work. 4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves. 【解析】 【分析】 本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。 1．考查非谓语动词。affect表示“影响”，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，stay up表示“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly. 2．考查时态语态。by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的时间时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up. 3．考查固定句式。be capable of表示“能够”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，陈述的是客观事实。用一般现在时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work. 4．考查形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表示“做……的能力”，根据提示词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves. 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in

英语期末考试翻译句子

Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.