英汉翻译课堂笔记1

B. 套话、惯用语或文言句式的转换：翻译时一般应遵循译入语的习惯，尽量找到对应的惯用表达。（汉语多用四字结构）汉译英时可套用英语的程式化的、特别正式的词语，以保译文和原文意义和风格的一致。

●(15) Thank you for your kind consideration.

●承蒙垂注，谨致谢意。

●(16) The extreme shortage of recent goods made us feel regretful being unable to offer the

price.

●货源奇紧，歉难报盘。

（17）本人冒昧地邀请贵方光临我方展台，购买与否，悉听尊便。

●I venture to invite you to have a look at our stand, and you may rest assured that you will

not be pressed to buy.

●(18)兹通知，海尔公司将采取一切必要的措施，追究任何未经许可制造或销售注有

海尔商标的当事人。

●Notice is hereby given that HAIER Co., Ltd. Will take all necessary measures against any

party manufacturing and/or selling any products bearing the trade mark of "HAIER"

without being authorized.

●(19)甲方同意向乙方支付以下称为特许权使用的费用，该费用等于售货总额的5%。

●Party A agrees to pay to Party B an amount hereinafter called royalty equal to 5% of the

gross sales.

●(20)岳阳渔业公司（下称甲方）和厦门海产有限公司（下称已方）通过友好协商与

谈判达成如下协议。

●Yueyang Fishing Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Xiamen Seafood Co.

Ltd. （hereinafter referred to as Party B) have reached the following agreement after friendly consultation and negotiation.

●An Enquiry for Quotation of Hand-made Gloves (1)

●人造皮革手套的询盘

●Dear Sirs, (2)

●尊敬的先生：

●We learn from Thomsa H. Pennie of New York that you are producing hand-made

gloves in a variety of artificial leathers.(3) There is a steady demand here for gloves of high quality at moderate(4) price.

●我们从纽约的托马斯.H.彭涅公司获悉，贵公司生产各种手工制人造皮革手套。

我们这里正好对价格适中的高质量手套有着稳定的需求。

●Will you please send me a copy of your glove catalogue, with details of your prices and

terms of payment? I should find it most helpful if you could supply samples of these gloves.(5)

●请惠寄一份贵公司生产的手套清单，并附详细的价目和付款条件。若能惠寄样

品，那是最好不过了。

●Yours faithfully,

●X X X

●XXX 敬上

● A Reply to the Enquiry of Hand-made Gloves

●回复人造皮革手套的询盘

●Dear Sir,

●We welcome your enquiry of 2nd April and thank you for your interest in our

products.(6) A copy of our illustrated catalogue is being sent to you today, with samples of our products.(7)

●尊敬的先生：

●欢迎贵公司4月2日的来函询问，谨表谢意！现寄上本公司产品的附图清单和

样品。

●Mr. Smith, our overseas director, will be in Rome early next month and will be glad to

call on you.(8) He will have with him a wide range of our manufactures, and when you see them we think you will agree that the quality of the materials used, and the high standard of craftsmanship will appeal to the most selective buyers.(9)

●下月初本公司海外销售主任史密斯先生到达罗马，届时他将很高兴前往贵公司征

求订货。看了他带去的多种货品，你们定会认同本公司产品的优质材料和精巧工艺，足以满足任何要求极高的顾客。

●We also manufacture a wide range of hand-made leather shoes in which we think you

may be interested. They are fully illustrated in the catalogue and are of the same high quality as our gloves.(10) Mr. Smith will be able to show you samples when he calls.(11) ●本公司还生产多种多样手制皮鞋，你们或许也感兴趣。其优质水平与手套无异，

请详见清单附图。史密斯先生也带有样品供贵公司选择。

●We hope the samples will reach you in good time and look forward to your order.(12) ●Yours faithfully,

●X X X

●样品将及时送达贵公司。谨盼早日订货。

●X X X 敬上

●祝酒词（1）

●Proposing a Toast

●女士们，先生们，朋友们：（2）

●Beloved ladies, Gentlemen and Friends,

●首先，让我代表本公司，向应邀前来访问我国的美国代表团的全体成员表示热烈

的欢迎！（3）

●First of all, on behalf of our company, let me extend a warm welcome to the members

of the American Delegation who have been invited to (visit) this country by this company.

●我认为你们此次访问将会促进我们双方贸易的迅速发展。（4）自从去年9月我访美

回来后，我们之间的联系还是很有成果的。（5）你们能来长沙访问（6），标志着我们之间的合作有了更进一步的发展。布朗先生在这方面做了不少努力。今晚能在这里宴请布朗先生及所有代表团成员，我感到十分荣幸。（7）

●I think that your visit will promote the rapid development of our business relations.

Since my return from the United States last September, our exchanges have been very fruitful. Your visit in Changsha shows a further step in our cooperation. Mr. Brown has done a lot in this respect. I’m much honored to host the dinner for you all tonight.

●这次布朗先生前来长沙与我们洽谈合资经营的可能性，我们非常欢迎。我们期待双

方合作获得成功。我国离现代化还有很大差距，你们愿意帮助我们使中国早日富强，我们非常感谢。（8）我们本着平等互利、互通有无的精神，努力促进我们之间的合

作，使其更有助于双方的利益。（9）

●We really appreciate Mr. Brown’s effort in coming to Changsha to talk about the

feasibility of a joint venture. We look forward to the success of our mutual collaboration.

China has a long way to go to realize its modernization. Thank you for your offer to help us create a stronger China in the near future. We’d like to promote our cooperation and make it profitable for both sides in the spirit of mutual benefit and equality and supplying each other’s needs.

●现在，请各位举杯，我提议为布朗先生的健康，为在座各位的身体健康，为我们合

作的成功，干杯！（10）

●Now, please join me in toasting to the health of Mr. Brown, to everybody else present,

to the success of our relationship. Cheers!

The genre characteristics of the texts concerning Politics and Law

A.Strict and accurate diction;

“交还” "restore" not "return"

B. New words and new concept.

E.g. 农转非agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status, “三个代表” Three Represents; “三讲”教育three emphases education

C. Chinese sentences have the characteristics of non-subject sentence, while in English we should supply the appropriate subject.

(1) 实施扩大内需的方针，适时采取积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，克服亚洲金融危机和世界经济波动对我国的不利影响，保持了经济较快增长。

By pursuing the principle of stimulating domestic demand and adopting the proactive fiscal policy and the sound monetary policy in good time, we overcame the adverse effects the Asian financial crisis and world economic fluctuations had on China, and maintained a relatively rapid economic growth.

D. English sentences are subject projected while Chinese sentences are theme projected.

(2)改革开放胆子要大一些，敢于实验，不能像小脚女人一样。

We should be bolder than before in conducting reform and opening to the outside and have the courage to experiment. We must not act like women with bound feet.

(3)看准了的，就大胆地试，大胆地闯。

Once we are sure that something should be done, we should dare to experiment and break a new path.

4. Explaining the translation method.

A. Ways of dealing with the redundant elements in Chinese sentence:

汉语政治法律文体中，冗词现象非常突出。汉语中的有些信息若原封不动地转换成英语，则显得累赘。翻译时要运用“减译法”、“省译”。

“财政赤字” (financial) deficit, “广大人民群众” (broad) mass (of the people), “进一步提高” (further) improve

(4)改革开放以来，我们坚定不移地推进政治体制改革，有力地促进了社会主义民主政治建设。

Since the beginning of reform and opening up, we have pressed on with political restructuring and improved socialist democracy.

汉语习惯重复，使表述准确，或使句子保持平衡，给人对称感。英语忌讳重复，在表达同一概念时倾向于变换用词，使表达多样化。翻译时应用替代、合并和变换等方法。

(5)完善文化产业政策，支持文化产业发展，增强我国文化产业的整体实力和竞争力。

It is essential to improve policies toward the cultural industry, support its development and enhance its overall strength and competitiveness.

B. Demonstrating with examples the skills of transforming Chinese "theme+rheme" sentence pattern into English "subject+predicate" sentence.

翻译汉语“主题+述题”及无主句时，关键就在通过变换或增添、拆合、反译等为译句物色一个恰当的主语，以便再现原文的严格逻辑。一般可用we, 泛指主语one，用it充当形式主语，译成被动结构或其他特殊的处理技巧。

(6)每一项重要改革方案的制定和实施，都充分考虑国家财政、企业和群众的承受力。

In conceiving and implementing a major reform, we will fully consider if the country’s financial resources, the enterprises and the people are able to sustain its impact.

(7)切实把教育放在优先发展的地位，用更大的精力、更多的财力加快教育事业发展。

In the course of development, we will steadfastly give priority to education and devote more energy and financial resources to accelerating its development.

About the Human Rights

The worldwide championing of human rights is not an attempt to impose alien values on citizens of other countries or to interfere in their internal affairs.(1)

关于人权

在全世界范围内捍卫人权非试图把外来的价值观强加给其他国家的人民或干涉他国的内部事务。

The Universal Declaration calls upon "every individual and every organ of society...to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance..."(2)

《世界人权宣言》呼吁“每一个人和社会机构......促进对权利和自由的尊重，并通过国家的和国际的渐进措施，确保这些权利和自由......得到普遍而有效的承认和遵行”。President Bush has committed the United States to working with other democracies and men and women of goodwill across the globe to reach a historic long-term goal:" the end of tyranny in our world."(3)

布什总统代表美国承诺与全世界其他民主政体和仁人志士一道，共同努力实现具有历史意义的长远目标：“终止我们这个世界的暴政”。

To be sure, violations of human rights and miscarriages of justice(4) can and do occur in democratic countries. No governmental system is without flaws.

诚然，民主国家也可能发生并且确实会发生侵犯人权和司法不公的现象。没有那种政府体制会是完美无缺的。

Human rights conditions in democracies across the globe vary widely, and these country reports (5) reflect that fact. In particular, democratic systems with shallow roots and scarce resources can fall far short of (6) meeting their solemn commitments to citizen, including human rights commitments.

全世界各民主政体的人权状况存在着很大的差别，有关这些国家的人权报告也反应了这一事实。尤其是基础薄弱、资源匮乏的民主制度，会远不能履行对本国公民做出的庄严承诺，其中也包括人权方面的承诺。

Democratic transitions can be tumultuous and wrenching. Rampant corruption can retard democratic development, distort judicial processes, and destroy public trust.(7)

民主转型可能会经历动荡和阵痛。腐败现象猖獗会阻碍民主的发展，扭曲司法的程序，丧失公众的信任。

Nonetheless, taken overall, countries with democratic systems provide far greater protections against violations of human rights than do nondemocratic states.

但总体而言，民主制国家为人权免遭侵犯所提供的保护措施要远胜于非民主制国家The United States' own journey toward liberty and justice for all has been long and difficult, and it is still far from complete(8).

为了让人人享有自由和公正，美国本身也走过了漫长而艰难的路程，如今依然任重而道远。

Yet over time our independent branches of government, our free media, our openness to the world, and, most importantly, the civic courage of impatient American patriots help us keep faith with our founding ideals and our international human rights obligations.(9)

然而，由于我国政府各部门彼此独立，由于我国拥有言论自由的传播媒体，由于我国能向全世界开放，而且，更重要的是，由于美国爱国公民的殷切期望和勇敢精神，我们才能始终如一地坚持我国的建国理想，履行我们的国际人权义务。

2005年工作总体部署（1）

The Master Work Plan for 2005

今年，是全面完成“十五”任务、为“十一五”发展打好基础的关键一年。（2）

This year is crucial for accomplishing all the tasks of the Tenth Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) and for laying a solid foundation for development during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010).

政府工作的基本思路是；以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，认真贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中、四中全会精神，坚持用科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局，加强和改善宏观调控，以改革开放为动力推进各项工作，构建社会主义和谐社会，推进社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明共同进步。（3）

The basic ideas for the work of the government this year are: to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; to conscientiously put into practice the guidelines of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Party and the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the Sixteenth Central Committee;

to continue to guide overall economic and social development by a scientific outlook on development; to strengthen and improve macroregulation; to make the reform and opening up the driving force for all our work; to build a harmonious socialist society; and to promote the simultaneous progress of socialist material, political and spiritual civilization.

北语网院20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业_1答案

(单选)1：She does not photograph well. A：她不上镜。 B：他不爱照相。 正确答案：A (单选)2：随着人数的增加，他们力量也增加了。 A：As the increse of the number, their power is increased B： Their power increased with their number. 正确答案：B (单选)3：We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost＇s familiar poem, they are not equally fair. A：我们站在两条路的岔路口，但是不像罗伯特熟悉的诗里那样，并不是同样的公平 B：我们正处在两条路的分岔口。但是并不像我们所熟悉的罗伯特的诗中所说的，这两条路是同样的好 正确答案：B (单选)4：I don＇t know how far I didn＇t run. A：我不知道跑了多远 B：我不知道还有多远我没有跑。 正确答案：A (单选)5：质量服务月 A：Quality Service Month B：Quantity Service Month 正确答案：A (单选)6：无事不登三宝殿。 A：I wouldn’t come to you if I hadn’t something to ask of you. B：I wouldn’t come to you if I hadn’t something for you. 正确答案：A (单选)7：Little remains to be said. A：简直没有什么可说的了 B：还能说一点。 正确答案：A (单选)8：ginger beer A：姜汁啤酒 B：姜汁汽水 正确答案：A (单选)9：走马观花 A：to appreciate flowers on a running horse

英汉翻译技巧大全

英汉翻译技巧大全 定语从句: 定语从句是由一些关系代词或者关系副词引导的从句组成，用来修饰名词中心词。 Person has pieced togethter the workd of hundereds of researcher around theworld to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest date when we can expect hundreds of key breakthrough and discoveries to take place. 皮而森汇集了...生产出独特的千年历，这种千年历(它)能够... 定语的翻译要特别注意位子上的变化，即:如果是单词修饰名词就放在中心词的前面，这和汉语的词序是一样的;如果定语太长，定语就要放在中心词的后面，这时就要注意断句，重复先行词，例如: 1.I have the same problem as you concerning the learning of English 在学英语的问题上，我和你有同样的问题。 2.She has a perfect figure. 她身材不错。 3.This is indeed a most pressing problem. 这的确是一个非常棘手的问题。 4.The only other people who knew the secret were his father and mother. 别的知道这个秘密的人就是他的父母。 5.The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities

英文翻译练习作业

英文翻译练习（一） The status of Philosophy in Chinese culture has always been regarded as a comparison with that of religion in other cultures. In China, Philosophy is the concerned field by each educated one. Long time ago in China, a person would firstly accept enlightened education in Philosophy if he could be given education. Children should read the Analects, Mencius, The great Learning, The Doctrine of mean once they entered school. The Four Books were regarded as the most important documents after Song(regarded as “new Confucianism”in west).When children began to learn words, the commonly used textbook is Three Words, in which every three words a group, every six words one sentence, and the even sentence rhyme has rhyme, easy to read aloud and easy to remember. In fact, this book is used to learn words for Chinese children. The first sentence of Three Words “Man’s nature is good at birth.” Is the basic idea of philosophy of Mencius.

化学专业英语翻译1

01.THE ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE 01元素和元素周期 表。 The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as the atomic number, or proton number, Z. The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom is also equal to the atomic number, Z. The total mass of an atom is determined very nearly by the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. This total is called the mass number, A. The number of neutrons in an atom, the neutron number, is given by the quantity A-Z. 原子核中的质子数的原子称为原子序数，或质子数，卓电子数的电中性的原子也等于原子序数Z，总质量的原子是非常接近的总数量的质子和中子在原子核。这被称为质量数，这个数的原子中的中子，中子数，给出了所有的数量 The term element refers to, a pure substance with atoms all of a single kind. To the chemist the "kind" of atom is specified by its atomic number, since this is the property that determines its chemical behavior. At present all the atoms from Z = 1 to Z = 107 are known; there are 107 chemical elements. Each chemical element has been given a name and a distinctive symbol. For most elements the symbol is simply the abbreviated form of

英语翻译作业

Americans are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e. Government by people selected according to merit. But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as an advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climbing to the top or even to the middle. And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity. The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care. It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the affluent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education. 美国人可能比任何其他国家的人都更相信他们生活在一个精英制度之下，人们推选的政府也是据其优势。然而，这个自我形象是一种幻想：作为先进国家，实际上美国的突出特点是出身至关重要，在这个国度里，来自社会底层的人几乎没有机会爬到社会中层，更不用说社会顶层。 如果你要问为什么实际上美国比其他西方国家都要阶级分明，主要原因就是我们的政府在创造公平机会方面的失败。 这种不公平很早以前就开始了：在美国，由于社会安全网存在漏洞，这就意味着低收入的母亲和他们的孩子完全有可能存在营养不良，得不到足够的医疗服务。孩子到了上学年龄这种情况也不会得到改观，他们所遇到的体制是富人可以送自己的孩子到资金充足的好的公立学校上学，如果愿意，还可以从送到私立学校上学，而穷人孩子接受的教育却非常差。

专业英语翻译1

当一个命题函数的所有变量都赋上了值，所得到的语句就有了真假值。然而,还有另一个重要的方法,称为量词化,为了从一个命题函数中生成一个命题，两种形式的量词化将在本节中被讨论，即全称量词和存在量词。 许多数学家陈述断言，对于所有在特定的定义域内的变量，它的取值是真的，其中特定的定义域称为论域，像这样的量词化例子我们通常用全称量词化。全称量词化是一个命题函数对于在论域内的所有x的取值，P(x)都是真的，论域指的是对于x可能取的值。 定义1：P(x)的全称量词化是这样一个命题：对论域中的所有x,P(x)都是真的。把P(x)的全称量词化记作?xP(x)。这里?是被叫做全称量词。 命题xP(X)也可以表达成“对于所有的xP(x)”或者对于“每一个 xP(x)” 注意：最好不用any这个词，因为它可能意指“每一个”或“某一个”，经常导致意义含糊不清。而在某些情况下，例如用于否定句中，如在句子“there is not any reason not to study hard.”（没有任何不努力学习的理由）中，any的含义却是清楚的。 例题5. 用全称量词化表达一个句子“对于班上的每一个学生都学习了微积分。” 方法：设P(x)为语句“x 学习了微积分。” 然后语句“对于班上每一个学生都学习了微积分”可以被写成?xP(x)的形式，然而学生都包含在班上这个论域里。

这个语句也能被表达成 ?x(s(x)→P(x)), 然而S(x)语句是“x在班上”。 P(x)同前者一样，论域是所有学生的集合。 例题5说明，对于一个定理，可采用不止一种的好办法来证明。 许多数学家陈述断言，对于一个有特定取值的元素，像这样的语句通常用存在量词化，对于存在量词化，我们形成一个命题是正确的，当且仅当P(x)是真的至少对于一个在论域内的x。 定义2.P(x)的存在量词化是这样一个命题：在论域中存在一个元素x 使得P(x)都是真的，把P(x)的存在量词化记作?xP(x)。这里?是存在量词。 存在量词化?xP(x)也可以表达为“对于P(x)存在一个x”,“对于P(x)至少有一个x”,或者对于一些xP(x)”。 例题6.设P(x)为语句“x>3”.对于存在量词化?xP(x)在那些情况下是真的，然而论域是真值的集合。 方法：因为“x>3”是真的，例如，当x=4则对于存在量词化P(x)，即?xP(x)是真的。

北语20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业1答案

20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业1 试卷总分:100 得分:100 一、单选题(共15 道试题,共75 分) 1.It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. A.只有聪明的人才不会范错误 B.再聪明的人也会范错误。 答案:B 2.I＇m not a little afraid of snakes. A.我一点也不怕蛇 B.我非常怕蛇。 答案:B 3.He is a Napoleon of finance. A.他是金融界的拿破仑 B.他是金融界的巨头。 答案:B 4.I don＇t know how far I didn＇t run. A.我不知道跑了多远 B.我不知道还有多远我没有跑。 答案:A 5.中国政府决定，要用3年左右时间使大多数国有企业走出困境。 A.The Chinese government has decided to take about three years to extricate most state-owned enterprises from their difficulties B.Chinese government decides to help most national enterprises going out obstacle with about 3 years. 答案:A 6.You can never be too careful about English-Chinese translation A.作英译汉时，不能太仔细 B.作英译汉时，越仔细越好。 答案:B 7.在这个紧要关头，我们尤其不该为了已经无法挽回的事情相互埋怨。 A.At a critical time we especially should not blame one for what has already happened B.The last thing we should do at this crucial moment is blaming one another for what can not be undone. 答案:B 8.The burning question of my childhood had been richly answered. A.我小时候梦寐以求想得到答案的问题，终于得到了圆满的回答 B.我儿童时代在心中燃烧的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。

专业英语翻译1

专业英语翻译1

Basic Chemistry 1. Atomic Structure Matter has mass and takes up space. Atoms are basic building blocks of matter, and cannot be chemically subdivided by ordinary means. Both the protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus. Protons have a positive (+) charge, neutrons have no charge --they are neutral. Electrons reside in orbitals around the nucleus. They have a negative charge (-). It is the number of protons that determines the atomic number. The number of protons in an element is constant but neutron number may vary, so mass number (protons + neutrons) may vary. 1。原子结构 物质有质量，占空间。原子是物质的基本组成物，不能用普通的方法进行化学细分。 质子和中子都驻留在原子核中。质子有一个正电荷，中子是不带电的，它们是中性的。电子在原子核周围的轨道上。他们有一个负电荷（-）。 它是确定原子序数的质子数。在一个元素中的质子的数量是恒定的，但中子数可能会有所不同，所以质量数（质子+中子）可能会有所不同。 The same element may contain varying numbers of neutrons; these forms of an element are called isotopes. The chemical properties of isotopes are the same, although the physical properties of some isotopes may be different. Some isotopes are radioactive-meaning they "radiate" energy as they decay to a more stable form, perhaps another element half-life: time required for half of the atoms of an element to decay into stable form. Another example is oxygen, with atomic number of 8 can have 8, 9, or 10 neutrons. 相同的元素可能含有不同数量的中子，这些元素

英汉翻译作业(5) 参考译文

邀请名人做广告，只要商品确实是货真价实，名人又愿意，这应该是广告技巧的上策，会产生很强的名人效应。但是商品质量差，广告又言过其实，又请名人做广告，这种广告一时也会产生一些好的影响，但最终是砸了自己的牌子，也塌了名人台，影响名人的信誉，因此名人在接受时要慎之又慎。请名人做广告，付给的报酬高得惊人，而一些名人尤其是政界和科学界的名流往往不肯抛头露面。这样西方国家的一些广告商便在平民中千方百计物色酷似名流的人来做广告，甚至被弄去参加开业典礼或者开张剪裁以招徕生意。局外人往往不明真相而受蒙骗。正因为真假难分，名人替身常遭不测。 To invite those eminent persons to help make advertisements should be regarded as one of the best ad strategies and could of course, produce a spectacular VIP effect, provided that those eminent persons are perfectly willing to accept the invitation and, more importantly, the commodities to be advertised are genuine and their prices fair. Sometimes, while a commodity is of inferior quality, the ad is full of words lavishing praise on it. If, under such a circumstance, an eminent person comes to help make the ad, the ad could, if anything, be temporarily successful before it turns the brand of the commodity in question notorious and more disastrously, ruins the reputation of the eminent person thereafter. It is precisely for this reason that the eminent persons are well advised to think more than twice before agreeing to appear on a commercial. Despite the fact that an eminent person could be paid a staggering sum of money after he or she helps make a commercial ad, some eminent persons, those in political and scientific circles in particular, are averse to public exposures. As a result, some advertisers in Western countries have had to try every means possible to scout among the populace at large men or women that are very copies of the eminent persons they are after. Once recruited, an eminent person’s substitute, apart from appearing on an ad, is often made to show up on certain high profile occasions, such as opening ceremonies or ribbon cutting ceremonies, with a view to soliciting customers. Outsiders, unable to distinguish a real eminent person from his substitute, are usually taken in. However, not every hired substitute is lucky. Some of them may become victims of unexpected attacks aimed at the real eminent persons and suffer unfortunately, for them. Work Produced against the grain and in marginality by George Steiner in After Babel: This book was written under somewhat difficult circumstances .I was at the time increasingly marginalized and indeed isolated within the academic community. This is not ,necessarily, a handicap. Tenure in the academy today ,the approval of one’s professional peers, the assistance and laurels in their giving, are not infrequently symptoms of opportunism and mediocre conventionality. A degree of exclusion, of compelled apartness, may be one of the conditions of valid work. In the humanities,in the disciplines of intuitive discourse, committees, colloquia, the conference circuit are the bane. Nothing is more ludicrous than the roll-call of academic colleagues and sponsors set out in grateful footnotes at the bottom of trivia. In poetics ,in philosophy, in hermeneutics, work worth doing will more often than not be produced against the grain and in marginality.

汉英翻译技巧汇总

汉英翻译技巧汇总 Title: 汉英翻译技巧：合并（Combination） Key words: combination, simple sentence, compound sentence, C-E translation Abstract: It discusses the technique of combination of simple and compound sentences. Compiler: 丁树德等 C-E （A） in terms of simple sentences （1）天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。It was so cold that the river froze. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （2）理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （3）他在战斗中表现突出，受到连长的表扬。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （4）年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election. （丁树德，"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导"，大学出版社，1996） （5）当时，友谊商店只对外宾开放，不对中宾开放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.（王大伟，"现代汉英翻译技巧"，世界图书出版公司，1999）（本科四年级以上） （B） in terms of compound sentences （6）她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪，这也不是没有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her achievements. （"现代汉英翻译技巧" 王大伟世界图书出版公司1999） （7）这家小工厂经过技术改造，发展很快，使人感到惊讶不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with

英语翻译作业1

一、改译 宰客slaughter customers(cheating customers) 自学self learn(study on one’s self) 彩票colorful tickets(lottery) 救火save a fire(Firefighting) (电脑)死机systerm dead(computer crash) 吃食堂eat the canteen(eat in the canteen) 风凉话cold word(sarcastic remark) 太平门safe door(emergency exit) 三角债triangle debts(chain debts) 扣帽子put a hat on(put a label on) 文化程度cultural degree(education level) 抓紧时间grasp time firmly(hurry up) 来信写道the latter writes(the letter reads) 提高英语水平raise the level of one’s English(Improve one’s English) 胸有成竹have a bamboo in one’s stomach(have a well-thought-out plan) 二、直译 大海捞针Look for a needle in the ocean 猫哭耗子假慈悲Cat cry for mouse 嫁鸡随鸡嫁狗随狗Marry a chicken with chicken married dog follows dog 挥金如土Spend money like water 易如反掌As easy as to turn one's hand 打草惊蛇To beat the grass and frighten away the snake 呆若木鸡Dumb as a wooden chicken 千里之行始于足下Every journey begins with the first step 瑞雪兆丰年A timely heavy snow promises a good harvest . 跑得了和尚跑不了庙Run a monk can not run the temple 三、重点翻译 她经常在邻里之间搬弄是非 She always makes mischief between neighbors. 她毛遂自荐来这所学校当老师 She recommending herself to be a teacher in this school. 正真的好朋友应该是雪中送炭 True friend is who provides you timely help. 我要有个三长两短，你给我娘捎个话 If something happens to me, please give my mother a massage. 留得青山在，不愁没柴烧 As long as the green mountains are there, one need not worry about firewood. 你这人真的是狗嘴里吐不出象牙 他对你的许诺不过是个空头支票而已 His promise to you just a blank check. 我喜欢那套房子，但美中不足的是离上班的地方太远 I like that house,but the fly in the ointment is too far away from the work place.

专业英语课文翻译

United 1 材料科学与工程 材料在我们的文化中比我们认识到的还要根深蒂固。如交通、房子、衣物，通讯、娱乐和食物的生产，实际上，我们日常生活中的每一部分都或多或少地受到材料的影响。历史上社会的发展、先进与那些能满足社会需要的材料的生产及操作能力密切相关。实际上，早期的文明就以材料的发展程度来命名，如石器时代，铜器时代。早期人们能得到的只有一些很有限的天然材料，如石头、木材、粘土等。渐渐地，他们通过技术来生产优于自然材料的新材料，这些新材料包括陶器和金属。进一步地，人们发现材料的性质可以通过加热或加入其他物质来改变。在这点上，材料的应用完全是一个选择的过程。也就是说，在一系列非常有限的材料中，根据材料的优点选择一种最适合某种应用的材料。直到最近，科学家才终于了解材料的结构要素与其特性之间的关系。这个大约是过去的 60 年中获得的认识使得材料的性质研究成为时髦。因此，成千上万的材料通过其特殊的性质得以发展来满足我们现代及复杂的社会需要。很多使我们生活舒适的技术的发展与适宜材料的获得密切相关。一种材料的先进程度通常是一种技术进步的先兆。比如，没有便宜的钢制品或其他替代品就没有汽车。在现代，复杂的电子器件取决于所谓的半导体零件. 材料科学与工程有时把材料科学与工程细分成材料科学和材料工程学科是有用的。严格地说，材料科学涉及材料到研究材料的结构和性质的关系。相反，材料工程是根据材料的结构和性质的关系来设计或操纵材料的结构以求制造出一系列可预定的性质。从功能方面来说，材料科学家的作用是发展或合成新的材料，而材料工程师是利用已有的材料创造新的产品或体系，和/或发展材料加工新技术。多数材料专业的本科毕业生被同时训练成材料科学家和材料工程师。“structure”一词是个模糊的术语值得解释。简单地说，材料的结构通常与其内在成分的排列有关。原子内的结构包括介于单个原子间的电子和原子核的相互作用。在原子水平上，结构包括原子或分子与其他相关的原子或分子的组织。在更大的结构领域上，其包括大的原子团，这些原子团通常聚集在一起，称为“微观”结构，意思是可以使用某种显微镜直接观察得到的结构。最后，结构单元可以通过肉眼看到的称为宏观结构。 “Property”一词的概念值得详细阐述。在使用中，所有材料对外部的刺激都表现出某种反应。比如，材料受到力作用会引起形变，或者抛光金属表面会反射光。材料的特征取决于其对外部刺激的反应程度。通常，材料的性质与其形状及大小无关。实际上，所有固体材料的重要性质可以概括分为六类：机械、电学、热学、磁学、光学和腐蚀性。对于每一种性质，其都有一种对特定刺激引起反应的能 力。如机械性能与施加压力引起的形变有关，包括弹性和强度。对于电性能，如电导性和介电系数，特定的刺激物是电场。固体的热学行为则可用热容和热导率来表示。磁学性质

东师《英汉翻译》20春在线作业2答案14

(单选题)1: 有关英语词类的说法中，下列选项中正确的一项是。 A: 动词和名词在英语里是非常活跃的词类 B: 动词和副词在英语里是非常活跃的词类 C: 名词和形容词在英语里是非常活跃的词类 D: 形容词和副词在英语里是非常活跃的词类 正确答案: D (单选题)2: A translator has to know everything 0f something and something 0f everything． A: 一个翻译人员对一些事情要什么都懂，对什么事情又要懂一些。 B: 翻译人员对有些事情要无所不晓，对什么事情又要略知一二。 C: 翻译人员对于知识既要精深，又要渊博。 D: 译者要知之为知之，不知为不知。 正确答案: C (单选题)3: 你什么时候方便就过来玩。 A: Come and play when you are convenient． B: Come here to play if you are convenient． C: Drop in whenever it’s convenient． D: Drop in whenever you have convenience． 正确答案: C (单选题)4: I would draw a further conclusion, which I believe is central to assessing China’s future place in the world economy. A: 我将得出进一步的结论，这个结论我相信在评估中国在未来世界经济中的位置中是中心问题。 B: 我还想得出进一步的结论，我认为这对于估价中国今后在世界经济中的地位是中心问题。C: 我还有一个想法，我认为这对于估价中国今后在世界经济中的地位是至关重要的。 D: 我还有一个想法，这个结论我相信是评估中国的未来在世界经济中的位置是中心问题。正确答案: C (单选题)5: 就科技英语与汉语的表达特点而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是。 A: 汉语词汇含义相对单一并且固定，而英语的词汇含义内涵大，一词多义。 B: 汉语中用被动语态表达的句子不多，而科技英语中被动语态使用广泛。 C: 汉语趋向于用多重复合句子表达，而英语多用单句表达。 D: 科技英语中介词短词及各类非限定动词短语使用频繁。 正确答案: C (单选题)6: 第一次世界大战后，帝国主义对中国加紧侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷压迫人民，给中国带来了深重的民族危机。 A: After World WarⅠ, the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China while the Northern Warlord Government resorted to compromise and capitulation externally and to ruthless oppression of the people internally, thus landing China in a grave national crisis.

英语翻译作业

AC500kV Substation Design In China Transmission and Substation Department,CPECC Abstract:Some brief informations about AC500kV substations in China,historical data of their design and essential design principles are presented in this paper.Some technical and engineering problems of AC500kV substation design and construction are discussed.It is emphasized to introduce the500kV substation scales,main electrical connections,selection of equipment and apparatus,insulation coordination,distribution switchyard,control and protection etc.Here we also discuss the policy of project cost control at present time and a prospective view of China AC substations in future. 1.Introduction The research and design of500kV substations in China were started in1977,and the first substation was put into operation in1981.From that time,because of the rapid development of electricity demand in China,design and construction of500kV substations have a great development.Especially in recent years,due to the increase of capital investment for power system construction from the State Government,500kV power system has developed even faster.Till1998about55substations(500kV)were already put into operation,in which217transformers were installed,and the total capacity reached60410 MVA.At present,there are30substations(total capacity26500MVA)under construction.In addition,it has been planned to construction/extends30substations(33transformers,24750 MVA)in accordance with the power delivery from Three Gorges Power Plant. A complete design system of AC500kV substation in China has been gradually established based on the past design and construction experiences and the use of new technologies.This system includes design procedures,design standards,rules and regulations, design management and so on. The essential design principles are safe and reliable,technically advanced,economical and reasonable,and good quality. 2.Size of Substations China is a developing country with broad territory.The economic development is very different from one region to another.In accordance with this fact,the500kV substation size is different at different time and for different region.