历年高级口译考题翻译部分精解教材

历年高级口译考题翻译部分精解

第一套

英译中

Since Darwin, biologists have been-firmly convinced that nature works without plan or meaning, pursuing no aim by the direct road of design. But today we see that this conviction is a fatal error. Why should evolution, exactly as Darwin knew it and described it, be planless and irrational? Do not aircraft design engineers work, at precisely that point where specific calculations and plans give out, according to the same principle of evolution, when they test the serviceability of a great number of statistically determined forms in the wind tunnel, in order to choose the one that functions best? Can we say that there is no process of natural selection when nuclear physicists, through thousands of computer operations, try to find out which materials, in which combinations and with what structural form, are best suited to the building of an atomic reactor? They also practise no designed adaptation, but work by the principle of selection. But it would never occur to anyone to call their method planless and irrational.

【参考译文】

达尔文以后的生物学家们一直相信，大自然的运行是没有计划没有意义的，不会按照预先设定的途径实现任何目的。但是，今天我们知道，这一看法是个严重的错误。为什么恰如达尔文所理解和描述的那样，进化就该是无计划和无理性的呢？飞机设计师们利用风洞检测根据统计数据制造的大量机体模型的耐用性能，在具体运算和计划不起作用的情况下，为选出功能最佳的设计，他们不也正是根据同样的进化原理进行工作的吗？核物理学家经过上万次的计算机运算，试图找出哪些材料，以怎样的结合方式，以及什么结构形式最适宜用于建造原子核反应堆，我们能够说这中间没有自然选择的过程么？他们进行的适应性调节也未经过事先设计，而是根据选择原理进行的。但是人们从未认为这种方法是无计划、无理性的。

中译英

1995年10月，黄浦江上又一座大桥凌空飞架，将浦南与奉贤连接起来，成为继徐浦、南浦、杨浦三座大桥之后建成通车的第四座大桥——奉浦大桥。

奉浦大桥是首座由地方筹资兴建的黄浦江大桥，奉贤县与市区有关部门和企业共同集资4.46亿元，仅用1年零7个月的时间即胜利建成。大桥的建成解决了长期困扰奉贤与浦南地区的过江问题，同时还改善了该地区的投资环境，为杭州湾北岸的开发、建设打下了良好的基础。

金秋10月的黄浦江畔，徐浦、南浦、杨捕、奉浦四座大桥沐浴着金秋阳光，各显神姿，交相辉映，为上海这座充满生机与魅力的国际大都市增添了更加夺目的风采。不久的将来，上海还将建造更多的过江设施，把浦江两岸更紧密地连结在一起。

【参考译文】

In October 1995, another bridge flew to span the Huangpu River, connecting Punan with Fengxian. It is Fengpu Bridge, the fourth bridge over the river open to traffic after the Xupu, Nanpu and Yangpu https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d211791253.html,pleted in 19 months, Fengpu Bridge is the first locally financed bridge over the river, with the funds of 446 million yuan raised by Fengxian County and departments and enterprises concerned in the municipal government. The completion of the bridge has solved the chronic problem of crossing the Huangpu River that bothered the residents in Fengxian and Punan and also improved the investment environment, which lays (thus laying) a solid foundation for the construction and development on the north bank of the Hangzhou Bay.

In the golder autumn of October, the Xupu, Nanpu, Yangpu.and Fengpu Bridges over the Huangpu River, bathed in the golden sunshine, show the disyinctive features and enhance each other’s magnificance, adding (which adds) more luster to Shanghai, a cosmopolis that is full of charm and vitality. In the near future, more

第二套

英译中

A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. Americans, it is alleged, worship only "the almighty dollar. " We scramble to "keep up with the Joneses. " The love affair between Americans and their automobiles has been a continuing subject of derisive commentary by both foreign and domestic critics. Americans are said to live by a quantitative ethic. Bigger is better, whether in bombs or sedans. The classical virtues of grace, harmony, and economy of both means and ends are lost on most Americans. As a result, we are said to be swallowing up the world's supply of natural resources, which are irreplaceable. Americans constitute 6 percent of the world's population but consume over a third of the world's energy. These are now familiar complaints. Indeed, in some respects Americans may believe the "pursuit of happiness" to mean the pursuit of material things.

【参考译文】

人们常常批评美国文化过分热衷于物质产品，却忽略了人的精神需求。他们说，美国人只崇拜“万能的美元”。美国人会在生活上竞相攀比。美国人过分钟情于汽车，长期以来这称为国内外批评家的笑柄。美国人把数量作为衡量一切的标准，无论是炸弹还是轿车，总是越多越好。大多数美国人已经失去了彬彬有礼、和睦相处、量入为出的传统美德。因而美国人吞噬着世界上大量不可再生的自然资源。美国人占世界人口的百分之六，却消耗了世界上三分之一以上的能源。人们常常对此颇有怨言。的确，从某种程度上说，美国人可能信奉追求幸福就是追求物质享受。

中译英

太湖明珠无锡，位于江苏省南部，地处美丽富饶的长江三角洲中心地带。这里气候宜人，物产丰富，风景优美，是中国重点风景旅游城市。与万里长城齐名的古京杭大运河纵贯市区,泛舟河上，能领略水乡的民俗风情。

距市区七公里的太湖梅粱景区是太湖风景之精华，碧波万顷，渔帆点点，湖光山色令人陶醉。其中的鼋头渚巨石状如鼋头，远眺烟波浩渺的太湖，被诗人郭沫若誉为“太湖佳绝处”。

【参考译文】

Wuxi, the pearl on the Taihu Lake, is located in southern Jiangsu Province in the center of the beautiful and fertile Yangtzi River Delta. With its mild climate, abundant resources and picturesque scenery, it is a key resort in China. The Grand Beijing-to-Hangzhou Canal running across the city is as well-known as the Great Wall. Boating along the river, you will be able to enjoy the local customs and lifestyles of the river-side towns. The Meiliang Scenic Area, 7 kilometers from the downtown area of the city, embodies the essence of beauty of the lake. You will be fascinated by the landscape of the lake and hills with numerous fishingboats dotting the vast blue waters. Among the scineic spots there, Y uantouzhu is a huge rock in the shape of a tortoise head. Overlooking the misty boundless lake, it is praised by Poet Guo Moruo as the best place of the Taihu Lake.

第三套

英译中’

The three sacred words “duty”, “honor” and “country” reverently dictate what you should be, what you can be, and what you will be. They urge you to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes abandoned. I am convinced that these words teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek the path of comfort, but to face the stress of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high;

yet never take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength. In short, these words teach you to be both a militant fighter and a gentleman.

【参考译文】

“责任”、“荣誉”和“国家”这三个神圣的词庄严地责成你们应成为怎样的人，能成为怎样的人，将成为怎样的人。这三个词要求你们在失去勇气时鼓起勇气，在失去信念时恢复信念，在失去希望时产生希望。我认为，这些词教导你们在真正失败时要自尊自爱、不屈不挠，在成功时要谦和，不要以言代行，不要寻求安逸，而要面对困难和挑战的压力；要学会在风浪中傲然屹立，而对失败者应该予以同情；要有纯洁的心灵，要有崇高的目标；要能笑会哭；要走向未来，但不可忘记过去；要为人持重，但不可自命不凡；要谦虚，这样就会记住真正的伟大在于纯朴，真正的智慧在于开明，真正的刚毅在于温柔。简而言之，这些词教导你们在成为一名勇猛之士的同时，也要成为一位谦谦君子。

中译英

在一个极为漫长．的历史阶段中，人类只能通过音乐表演和口授来传播音乐。当人类发明了乐谱后，音乐便开始脱离表演而演变成“文字”得以记录和传播。然而，人类音乐传播的真正革命性里程碑的建立者无疑是科学家们。他们创造了令人叹为观止的音乐传播手段，从最早的机械“留声机”到今天五花八门的“电子媒体”。在20世纪诸多的音乐传播手段中，无线电广播的发明和发展对音乐的传播起了极为重要的作用。然而，高科技的高速发展也使我国广播音乐工作者在新世纪中面临着严峻的挑战。

【参考译文】

For a very long period of historical development, mankind could only pass on music though performance and oral instruction. When mankind invented musical scores, music started to break away from the boundaries of being merely a performing art, and develop into a system of “written symbols” that can be recorded and spread. Undoubtedly, however, it was the scientists who should be crowned as the founders of the real revolutionary milestone of human musical communication. Scientists invented marvelous means of music transmission, beginning from the earliest mechanical “record turntable” to today’s many kinds of “electronic media”. Among the numerous means of music transmission of the 20 century, the creation and development of radio broadcasting played an extremely important role in the industry of music transmission. Nevertheless, the rapid development of high technology has brought serious challenges to China’s radio music workers in the new century.

第四套

英译中

What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and variety, the flexibility and the profoundness of our mother-tongue. If an English writer cannot say what he has to, say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying. What a pity that English is not more generally studied, I am not going to attack classical education. No one who has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction. But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multitudes treasures which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few. To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools; classical education is from beginning to end long, useless and meaningless. If I am told that classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.

【参考译文】

英语是一种多么神奇的工具！我们每写下一页，祖国语言的丰富多彩、灵便精深都让我们赞叹不已、

不值得说。英语没有广泛地得到学习是何等憾事啊！我不是在攻击传统教育。任何人只要自称对文学有些许鉴赏力，就不可能对英语的魅力无动于衷。但我承认，我国目前的教育制度使人忧心忡忡。我认为这不是最好的制度，甚至不是合理的制度。因为这个制度所提供的文学作品，只能为少数特权人物和天才人物所欣赏，却不是普通大众喜闻乐见、能够欣赏的。对公立学校的广大学生来说，传统教育彻头彻尾地冗长无用、毫无意义。如果有人对我说，传统课程为学习英语打下了最好的基础，那我得说，迄今为止这个基础阶段还不完善，未能收到所期望的任何效果。

中译英

我国政府强化了对外贸的控管，强化了商会这类中介机构的服务与协调功能。我们希望继续加强外贸体制的改革，使之逐渐走向竞争；并受到诸如关税、汇率和利率等法律和经济手段的制约。所有这些都应有助于加速中国外贸的国际化进程，为宏观经贸局面的形成创造一个较好的环境，通过促进商贸业、制造业、农业、技术产业和银行之间更为密切的合作，我们能够为国际市场提供更多、更好的出口产品。在这种情况下，中国自然会成为一个大市场。

【参考译文】

Our government has stronger control over foreign trade, and strengthened the service and coordinating functions of such intermediary organizations as chambers of commerce. We hope to continue to strengthen reform in our foreign trade system in order to gradually open foreign trade to competition and to get it under control by both legal means and economic measures, such as tariffs, foreign exchange rates and interest rates. All this should help speed up the internationalization of China's foreign trade and create a better environment for bringing about a macro economic and trade prospect. By promoting a closer cooperation among business and trade communities, manufacturing industries, agriculture, technology industries and banks, we will be able to produce more and better export commodities for the international market. Given this situation, China is bound to be a large market.

第五套

英译中

A major source of anxiety about the future of the family is rooted not so much in reality as in the tension between the idealized expectation in the culture and the reality itself. Nostalgia for a lost family tradition, which, in fact, never existed, has prejudiced our understanding of the conditions of families in contemporary society. Thus, the current .anxiety over the fate of the family reflects not only problems in the family but also a variety of fears about other social problems that are eventually projected onto the family.

The real problem facing American families today are not symptoms of breakdown as is often suggested; rather, they reflect the difficulties of adaptation to recent social changes, particularly to the loss of diversity in household membership, to the reduction of the variety of family functions and, to some extent, to the weakening of the family adaptability. The idealization of the family as a refuge from the world and the myth that the work of mothers is harmful has added considerable strain. The continuous emphasis on the family as a universal private retreat and as an emotional haven is misguided in light of historical experience.

【参考译文】

人们对家庭的未来感到忧心忡忡，其根本原因不在于现实，而在于对文化的理想化期望与现实本身的冲突。由于怀念失落的家庭传统，我们在理解现代家庭状况时常存在着偏见，而实际上，这种家庭传统从未存在过。当前人们对家庭命运的担忧不仅仅反映出了家庭的问题，由于社会问题常常投射到家庭中，这种担忧也反映了人们对其他社会问题的种种忧虑。现在美国家庭面临的真正问题不是人们所常说的家庭崩溃的征兆，而是反映出美国家庭难以适应最近的社会变化，尤其是难以适应家庭规模缩小、家庭职能减少以及家庭适应能力越来越弱的现实。把家庭理想化为远离世界的避难所，或者错误地认为母亲工作对于家庭不利，使家庭承受了更大的压力。从过去的经验来看，一直强调家庭是个人和情感的避

中译英

十月的上海，阳光明媚，秋高气爽，来自35个国家和地区的1300余名比赛选手参加了在沪举行的本世纪最后一届世界中学生运动会。

世界各国青少年在沪逗留的时间虽然短暂，但上海的风貌和中国的传统文化仍然给他们留下了深刻的印象。无论是参观矗立于浦江之畔的东方明珠电视塔，还是游览静卧一隅的城隍庙，他们都能感受到传统与现代的美妙结合。博大精深的中国传统文化让这些外国朋友感受到的是神秘和新奇，这种认知来自短暂的接触，但从此之后，他们不会忘记；有这样一个民族，生活在世界的东方。

【参考译文】

On the clear and crisp autumn days in Shanghai’s October, more than 1,300 participants from 35 countries and regions attended the last World Juvenile Games of the 20th century held in the city. Despite their short stay in Shanghai, the young people from various countries of the world are deeply impressed by Shanghai’s landscape and traditional Chinese culture. Whether visiting the Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower on the Huangpu River or the City God Temple in a quiet corner of the city, they marvel at the miraculous combination of tradition and modernity. The profound traditional Chinese culture struck those foreign youngsters as mysterious and novel. Their impression came from the short-time contact, but from then on, they will never forget such a nation in the East of the world.

第六套

英译中

Japan's once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if—and the warning is a big one—firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits. While Japan's life-time employment system is visibly unravelling, many economists still doubt whether a scenario of soaring joblessness will occur, given that economic incentives to slash payrolls clash with social and political pressures to save jobs. A kinder, gentler approach to restructuring would soften the social instability many fear would result from doubling the jobless rate, already at a record high.

Critics believe it would also cap gains in profit margins and stifle economic vitality, especially in the absence of bold steps to open the door to new growth, industries. Some economists believe different methods of counting mean Japan's jobless rate is already close to 7 per cent by United States standards, not that far from the 7.8 per cent peak hit in the US in 1992 when it began to emerge from a two-year slump.

【参考译文】

如果日本各公司效仿西方国家，通过大幅度裁员来增加利润，日本一度令人羡慕的低失业率将飙升至两位数, 目前形式已经十分严峻。日本的终生雇佣制度明显正在解体, 但是刺激经济需要裁员, 而社会和政治上却要求保留工作岗位，两者互相冲突，因而许多经济学家仍无法断定日本是否会出现失业率急剧上升的局面。许多人担心失业率已经达到历史最高点，如果再增长一倍，就会导致社会不安定，因而以较为温和的方式调整经济,才可以缓解这个问题。评论家们认为这还会限制利润增长，抑制经济活力，如果不去大胆采取措施引进增长型产业，情况会更糟。一些经济学家认为，用不同的方法计算，按照美国标准，日本的失业率已接近7%，与1992年美国7.8%的最高失业率相去不远，而当时美国已开始走出两年的经济衰退期。

中译英

黄浦江纵横南北，把上海分为两部分。浦东因位于黄浦江以东而得名。本世纪20—30年代，随着以外滩为核心的金融、商贸区的建立，外商和我国民族资本事开始把经济活动伸向浦东地区。但黄浦江的阻隔，极大地影响了浦东的经济发展。浦江两岸形成了一边，是万商云集的十里洋场，一边是以自然农作物为主的大片农田的鲜明对照。

【参考译文】

The Huangpu River flows across Shanghai from north to south, dividing the city into two parts. Historically, Pudong got its name from its location on the east bank of the Huangpu Priver. In the 20’s and the 30’s of this century when the finance and Business trade district with the Bund as its center was established, foreign businessmen and Chinese national capitalists began to extend their economic activities to the Pudong area. However, inconvenient transportation occasioned by river crossing greatly affected the economic development of Pudong. There was a striking contrast between the long stretch of foreign concessions frequented by thousands of merchants on one side of the Huangpr River and the vast patch of natural crops on the other side译文：Since 1990 when the Central Government announced the opening up and development of Pudong, the Pudong New Area has witnessed dramatic changes and rapid development.High-rises have mushroomed, combining idyllic scenery and modern building, which brings a brand-new Pudong into the new century.

第七套

英译中

The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army. Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us only the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.

Our own, our country's honor, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion; and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world. Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions. The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have their blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man contending for liberty on his own ground is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.

【参考译文】

我们千千万万子孙后代的命运要依靠我们这支军队勇敢战斗。我们的敌人残暴冷酷，我们要么选择勇敢地反抗，要么只有卑贱地屈从。因此，是征服，是灭亡，我们必须做出抉择。我们个人的尊严，我们祖国的荣誉，要求我们全力以赴、浴血奋战。如果我们战败，我们在全世界将会声名扫地、颜面无存。让我们依靠正义的事业，依靠胜利之神的帮助，激励自己完成伟大而崇高的行动。我们的同胞注视着我们，如果我们能够把他们从水深火热的暴政中解救出来，这将令人欢欣鼓舞，人民会祝福我们、颂扬我们。让我们互相激励，向全世界展示，在自己的国土上为自由而战的人要比地球上任何为金钱而战的乌合之众崇高。

中译英

祖国和平统一，乃千秋功业。台湾终必回归祖国，早日解决对各方有利。台湾同胞可安居乐业，两岸各族人民可解骨肉分离之痛，在台诸前辈及大陆去台人员亦可各得其所，且有利于亚太地区局势稳定和世界和平。

当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纭。岁月不居，来日苦短，夜长梦多，时不我与。试为贵党计，如能依时顺势，负起历史责任，毅然和谈，达成国家统一，则两党长期共存，互相监督，共图振兴中华之大业。

【参考译文】

The peaceful reunification of our motherland is a great cause in the interest of future generations. As Taiwan is destined to return to the motherland, the early resolution of the issue is beneficial to both sides of the

no longer suffer from being separated from their own flesh and blood. The older generation in Taiwan and those from the mainland will have proper roles to play. All this will contribute to the stability of the Asia-Pacific region and world peace.As the international situation is changing unpredictably, opinions vary among both the authorities and the general public in Taiwan. The resolution of the issue cannot be allowed to be postponed as time presses and a long delay might lead to unfavorable results. To your own benefit, you should follow the trend of our times and assume historical responsibility to participate in the negotiations for the peaceful reunification of our motherland. Thus, the two parties wil l be able to make concerted efforts to achieve China’s rejuvenation through long-term co-existence and mutual supervision.

第八套

英译中

The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficult to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.

National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.

Conversely, the power of global businesses is growing with companies' ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.

【参考译文】

要理解第三次工业革命中出现的最严峻的问题并非难事，可是要解决它却十分困难。技术革命形成经济全球化，这一模式正在迅速取代旧有的民族经济。虽然各国政府在控制这一新的经济形式上力不从心，然而，没有哪个国家愿意携起手来，合力对付它，美国就更不用说了。结果我们只好生活在这种失控的经济中。1997年的亚洲金融风暴是我们遇到的第一个困境。今后我们还会有更多的麻烦。各国政府向来为管理和维持国内的经济体制而煞费苦心，现在它们正渐渐地被淘汰出局。全球金融领域的变革使它们束手无策，只有几个大国的政府未受冲击。各国政府已无法干预信息和资本的流动，无法制约别国在资金和文化上的渗透。相反，跨国企业的力量不断壮大，各大公司纷纷进入那些最有利可图的地域，并且使得各国为了吸引外资而激烈竞争，从而进一步扩大了经济全球化的影响。。

中译英

知识和技术创新是人类经济、社会发展的重要动力源泉。中国将致力于建设国家创新体系，通过营造良好的环境，推进知识创新、技术创新和体制创新，这是中国实现跨世纪发展的必由之路。

中国政府支持科学家在国家需求和科学前沿的结合上开展基础研究，尊重科学家独特的敏感和创造精神，鼓励他们进行“好奇心驱动的研究”。在未来50年甚至更长的时期里，中国的发展将在很大程度上依赖于今天基础研究和高技术研究的创新成就，依赖于这些研究所必然孕育的优秀人才。

【参考译文】

Knowledge and technological innovation is an important driving force behind the economic and social development of mankind. China will be dedicated to establishing a national innovation system to promote knowledge, technological and institutional innovation through the creation of a favorable environment. It is the only road for China to achieve its trans-century development. The Chinese government supports scientists in

to conduct “research driven by curiosity” to meet national demand and to maintain in the scientific forefront. China’s development will largely rely on innovation achievements in today’s research in basic science and high technology, and also on the outstanding talents bound to be nurtured in the course of these researches.

第九套

英译中

【参考译文】

看看下面由同一个人在八年前说过的话：“归根结底，贫穷不是生活在穷国的问题，而是缺乏技术的问题。”这是比尔·盖茨1992年的说法。想当年，这位微软公司的总裁给人的印象总是言词尖锐，口无遮拦，踌躇满志，宣称自己的产品足以改变整个世界。

的确，连盖茨这个当代备受推崇的资本家也开始清醒过来。1992年的盖茨充满自信，显然是那个时代的风云人物，完全相信软件业有能力改变整个世界，确信市场和新兴科技的力量，一旦得以释放，必将消除世界上大部分的顽疾。然而新千年的盖茨对此表示出了怀疑，对于捐助和政府资助却表现出极大的热情。冷战结束后盛行的观念是全球资本主义是解决一切问题的良方，而身为亿万富翁的盖茨也逐渐意识到这种想法有失偏颇。

中译英

长期以来，科学同艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学于千里之外。

许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。相反，能热爱并且理解自然科学和工程技术的文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。

艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之,原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的数学公式。其实，撇开数学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏的．这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞．

【参考译文】

The relationship between science and art has long been that of one-sided enthusiasm. That is, scientists love art while artists reject science. Many renowned scientists have some knowledge of art and even have a passion for it throughout their lives, seeking nutrients to enhance their noble spirit and derive the greatest comfort from it. On the contrary, the writers and artists who appreciate natural science or engineering technology are rarity of rarities. Artists keep faraway from natural science in awe mainly because of the large

number of mathematic formulae in it. Regardless of such formulae, however, the fundamental principle could be comprehended a nd appreciated in the same way that we could have sympathy and admiration for Mozart’s melodies despite our ignorance of the scores of his musical pieces.

第十套

英译中

The most important fact in Washing ton’s failure on Thursday to be re-elected for the first time since 1947 to the U. N. Human Rights Commission is that it as America’ friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat. After all, China and Cuba and other targets of U.S.-led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. Re-election turned their backs on Washington.

Many traditional U.S. supporters clearly withdrew their vote to signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism. They have been increasingly chagrined by Washington’s tendency to ignore the international consensus on issue ranging from the use of land mines to the Kyoto climate change treaty. They are also critical of what they see ass Washington’s tend ency to publicise the issue of human rights, using annual resolutions at the committee to denounce China or Cuba hen that conforms to U.S. foreign policy objectives but for the same reason voting alone in defence of Israel when that country is in the dock over its conduct.

【参考译文】

周四，美国自1947年以来首次未能入选联合国人权委员会，其中重要的一点在于这回促成了其落选的是美国的盟友，而不是美国的敌人。联合国人权委员会中，中国、古巴以及其他美国横加指责的国家总是会投华盛顿的反对票的。令人震惊的是欧洲国家以及其他一些通常都赞同美国入选的西方国家这次也倒戈转向。许多通常支持美国的国家不再投出赞成票，显然是要表达对美国单边主义的不满。无论是使用地雷问题，还是京都议定书，美国常常对国际共识置之不理，使这些国家越来越愤怒，同时他们也指责美国是在利用人权问题大做文章，只要符合外交政策的宗旨，美国就利用每年人权委员会的决议来诋毁中国和古巴，但当以色列因其所作所为四面楚歌时，美国会投出唯一的赞成票表示声援。

中译英

中国加入世界贸易组织的谈判已经进行了15年。中国的立场始终如一。加入世界贸易组织后，中国将有步骤地扩大商品和服务贸易领域的对外开放，为国内外企业创造公开、统一、平等竞争的条件，建立和健全符合国际经济通行规则、符合中国国情的对外经济贸易体制，为国外企业来华进行经贸合作提供更多、更稳定的市场准入机会。中国加入世界贸易组织，将为中国和亚洲以及世界各国各地区经济的发展注入新的活力，中国人民将从中受益，亚洲和世界各国人民也将从中受益。

【参考译文】

During the 15 years of negotiations on China's entry into the WTO, China has maintained consistent stance. After its accession into the WTO, China will steadily open wider to the outside world in the sectors of commodity and service trade, create favorable conditions for open, unified competition on an equal footing between domestic and foreign enterprises. China will also establish and improve foreign trade and economic system that conforms to the international norms for economic activities and suits China's national conditions, and provide increased and stabilized market access for foreign enterprises to enter into economic and trade cooperation with China. China's entry into the WTO will inject new vitality into the economic development of China and other countries and regions in Asia and beyond. The Chinese people will benefit from China’s accession and so will the people of other countries in Asia and in the world.

第十一套

英译中

many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray. American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished. When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children. Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel ob liged to turn to their children and say, “Honey, everything is going to be all right.” This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident. Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.

【参考译文】

成人世界和儿童世界在许多方面泾渭分明。比如说，许多美国人可能从来不去教堂，或者对上帝是否存在十分怀疑，但是他们却会把孩子送到主日学校，教会他们祈祷。美国人生存的社会充满竞争，尔虞我诈才能名利双收，但是在他们教育孩子的幼儿故事里，在好人与坏人的斗争中最终却总是善有善报，恶有恶报。如果美国人出现严重的家庭危机，在孩子们面前，他们表面上却仍然是温柔可亲。即使工作、生活遭遇重大挫折，他们也认为有必要对孩子说：“宝贝儿，一切都会好起来的。”如果大人遭遇事故身亡，不会立刻把噩耗告诉孩子，这种做法也可以说明美国人希望让孩子的世界和成人的世界分离开来。因此，总的说来，美国人生活在现实的世界中，孩子则生活在一个几乎完美的天地里，这里成人世界的规则不适用，淡化了，甚至完全相反。

中译英

历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。中国物美价廉的制成品源源不断地走上美国超级市场的货架，而美国的农产品、高新技术产品，连同跨国公司的资本和技术，滚滚不息地涌进中国大陆。中国人民以其勤劳的双手，增进了美国的福祉，促使其产业升级换代；而北美这块广袤而又富绕的土地，也以其精华滋润和促进了中国的现代化进程。经贸合作是两国能够找到共同语言的最佳领域。以谋求共同利益来减少或淡化意识形态差异和现实利害冲突，过去是、今后更是双方寻求和平共处的必由之路。

【参考译文】

It has been proved by enough historical evidence that the labor division based on equality and mutual benefits between China and the United States is the most rational and practical international relation. The high-quality and inexpensive commodities have appeared in more and more supermarkets in the United States，while the produce and the hi-tech products have been introduced to the mainland of China on a daily basis. The Chinese people, with their diligence, have helped enhance the welfare of the American people and update their industries. Similarly, the American people, backed by their vast and rich land, have contributed greatly to the modernization of China with their essence. The economic and trade cooperation is the best way for the two parties to seek common interests. To bypass the differences in the two ideologies and avoid the conflicts in the real life in pursuit of common interests was and will be the only way for the two parties to achieve peaceful coexistence.

第十二套

After nearly a year of emotional arguments in Congress but no new federal laws, the national debate over the future of human cloning has shifted to the states. Six states have already banned cloning in one form or another, and this year alone 38 anticloning measures were introduced in 22 states.

The resulting patchwork of laws, people on all sides of the issue say, complicates a nationwide picture already clouded by scientific and ethical questions over whether and how to restrict cloning or to ban it altogether.

Since 1997, when scientists announced the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first cloned mammal, the specter of cloned babies, infants that are in essence genetic carbon copies of adults, has loomed large in the public psyche and in the minds of lawmakers.

Today, there is widespread agreement that cloning for reproduction is unsafe and should be banned. Now, the debate has shifted away from the ethics of baby-making and toward the morality of cloning embryos for their cells and tissues, which might be used to treat diseases. The controversy pits religious conservatives and abortion opponents, who regard embryos as nascent human life, against patients groups, scientists and the biotechnology industry.

【参考译文】

关于克隆人，国会经过近一年的激烈争论，却没有制定出新的联邦法律，这种争论现在已经转移到各州。6个州已经以各种形式禁止克隆人，而仅是今年就有22个州出台了38项反对克隆人的举措。对于克隆是加以限制，还是完全禁止，又该如何进行，科学和伦理上已经出现了一些问题，各方人士都认为出台的一系列法案使这个令全国上下惶惶不安的问题变得更为复杂。1997年科学家宣布第一个克隆的哺乳动物多利羊诞生，自此以后，可能出现的克隆婴儿，即从根本上说是成人基因的翻版的婴儿，在立法者和公众心理上造成极大的阴影。今天人们普遍认为利用克隆繁衍后代存在危险，应当予以禁止。这场争论最初是关于制造婴儿是否有悖伦理，现在已经转向克隆胚胎来利用其细胞和组织治疗疾病是否道德。宗教保守主义者和反对堕胎者认为胚胎是早期的生命形式，在这场争论中，他们与病人、科学家和生物科技行业各执一词，针锋相对。

中译英

目前，亚洲的发展面临着新的机遇，也面临着新的挑战。总体上，亚洲依然是当今世界最具经济活力和发展潜力的地区。经济全球化的深入发展和科学技术的迅猛进步，有利于亚洲各国利用国际资本，引进先进技术，开拓国际市场，推动本国经济的发展。但是，亚洲某些地区的安全形势仍不容乐观，反对恐怖主义的斗争尚待深入。经济全球化在带来发展机遇的同时，也增加了国际经济环境的不确定性，增加了本地区内发展中经济体结构调整的难度和遭遇外部冲击的风险。

【参考译文】

At present, Asia is presented with both new opportunities and new challenges. Generally, Asia is economically the most dynamic region in the world with the greatest potential for development. The further development of economic globalization and the rapid advance of science and technology will enable the Asian countries to utilize international capital, introduce advanced technologies and explore overseas market to accelerate the development of the national economy. However, the security is far from optimistic in some of the areas in Asia, and the anti-terrorism fight calls for our continued efforts. While bringing the opportunities for development, economic globalization has increased the uncertainty of the international economic environment, the difficulty of the restructuring and the risk of being vulnerable to the external impact for the developing economies in Asia.

第十三套

英译中

Bringing the World Cup to Asia was supposed to expand the reach of the global game in a happy confluence of good will and good business. The action on the pitch has certainly been dramatic, and most

wearing thin—and business seems relatively slow, with fewer visitors and Cup-related sales than expected. Deeply embarrassed by the image of part-empty stadiums besieged by angry ticket hunters, Japanese prime minister ordered an official investigation into the ticket fiasco. Claiming losses of more than $800,000 per game, Korea's soccer federation even threatened to sue Byrom, the official ticket agent, for failing to print and deliver tickets on time.

Japan and Korea both hoped to score big points—at home and abroad—with the World Cup. Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. Mired in a decade-long slump, Japan longs for anything that might shock its economy back to life. Korea, meanwhile, hopes the Cup will steady its halting recovery from the 1997 Asian financial crisis—and help brand it as Asia's most wired nation. Their plan: inject billions of dollars into new facilities, welcome throngs of tourists and for one glorious month showcase their countries to the biggest television audience in world history.

【参考译文】

世界杯在亚洲举办，意在扩大足球的影响，既能安抚球迷，又能促进经济发展，皆大欢喜。激烈的比赛着实让球迷过足了瘾，可比赛才举行半个月，安抚球迷的愿望就落了空，拉动经济发展的效果也微乎其微。无论是不远千里来观看球赛的球迷的人数，还是与世界杯相关的商品销售，都未达到预期的数量。日本赛场场内空空荡荡，观者寥寥，场外一票难求，怨声载道，日本首相为此尴尬不已，命令官方介入，调查票务丑闻。韩国足联宣布，每场比赛亏损高达80万美元，进而威胁起诉票务代理拜罗姆没能及时印制发送球票。

日韩两国都想借世界杯在国内外有所收益，这可能是因为两国仍沉醉于1964年东京奥运会和1988年汉城奥运会，当时这两届奥运会是两国发展的转折点，促进了日本和韩国的腾飞。日本深陷经济衰退的泥潭长达十年之久，现在迫切需要重振往日雄风。而韩国则寄希望于世界杯稳步摆脱1997年亚洲经济危机影响，重塑亚洲强国地位。他们的如意算盘是：投入巨资更新设备，迎接八方来客，借世界杯的一月精彩赛事，向创下历史之最的全球电视观众展示日韩两国风采。

中译英

有了房子，就想车子，老百姓想法和银行不谋而合。银行在巩固了自己的住房贷款之后，又将目光瞄上了汽车市场。昨天，建行上海分行推出了十大优惠举措，欲在外资非金融机构染指汽车贷款之前，做大自己的汽车贷款。

此前，银行界人士纷纷预测，外资非金融机构进入汽贷市场后，很有可能会在手续简便和贷款利率上做文章，以吸引购车族。因此，建行的十大举措也同样是为了简化手续和提供优惠利率，希望此举能使该行的汽车贷款占个人消费信贷的比重从原来的三成提升至五成以上。

【参考译文】

After getting a house, people switch their attention to the private cars. That is just what the various Chinese banks want. With its role consolidated in the part of housing loans, these banks now focus their attention on the promising private car loans. Yesterday, the Construction Bank of China (CBC), Shanghai Branch introduced 10 preferential policies so as to win a part in the private car loans before the foreign non-financial organizations take any action.

It has been predicted by those from the banks that the foreign non-financial organizations would probably concentrate on its convenient application procedures and preferential interest rates after they succeed in getting into the market of the private car loans. Therefore, the CBC is taking the 10 preferential policies, something developed to sharpen its edge over the foreign opponents, in an effort to raise its share in the private car loans, from 30% to 50% and even more.

第十四套

英译中

The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure's major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.

A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow could be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. This productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.

【参考译文】

政府投资对于整个经济的影响作用，受到以下两个因素的制约。第一，政府投资之时劳动力和资本的利用情况；第二，接受投资的经济部分。如果整个经济或接受主要投资的经济部分充分或接近充分发挥效能，那么政府投资的效力不会很大，所以资本和劳动力也不会得到充分利用。而如果经济潜能并未充分发挥，政府投资则会真正促进GNP的增长。

对于政府增加投资而产生的影响，衡量标准并非在于最初的投资数额，而在于这一投资经过多次投入而产生的长期影响。在理想的情况下，最初的收入增长产生的税收会超过最初的“负债投入”或“减免的税收”。这样，赤字不仅小于GNP的增长，而且得到了补偿。凯恩斯的经济学理论认为，政府决策的重点并非在于平衡赤字，而在于生产力没有得到充分发挥，失业率居高不下之时加大投入。传统的经济理论错误地认为必须政府应发挥类似公司的职能，尽力平衡赤字，而联邦资金投入可以促进生产能力，使传统的理论不攻自破。

中译英

许多专家认为，教学改革的当务之急是要改变现在的课程设置和考试办法，不要让孩子只知道“头悬梁，锥刺股，死读书，读死书”。他们指出，教育改革的关键在于使全社会认识到中、小学教育的目的不只是让学生掌握必要的知识，更应该提高学生整体素质，特别是他们对于人生意义和社会责任这些根本性的问题要有比较深入的思考。学校要在这些方面深入研究，选择合适的内容和方式引导和帮助学生形成正确的观点。如果学校只强调知识教育而忽视了人生课程的引导，那么培养出来的只是一批文字或者数字机器，而不是准备进入社会的预备人才。

【参考译文】

Many experts hold the idea that the highest priority in the reform of education system should be given to the improvement and reform in curriculum and examination system in order to avoid a generation paying undue attention to textbooks. They pointed out that the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that the high and primary educations are there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide

schools, they try their best to get a better way to gradually guide the students to an appropriate view over the world around them. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.

第十五套

英译中

At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited e-mail ads, Califomia is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on Jan. 1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as $1 million.

Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Internet, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route.

But such self-interest is hardly enlightened. The growing flood of messages not only annoys PC users, it also slows the transmission of wanted e-mail and forces businesses to spend billions to combat spam.

In fact, a survey released Oct. 22 suggests the proliferation of pitches could hurt the very e-commerce these business groups say they want to preserve. The survey of computer users, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts, a non-profit group that studies public issues, found 25% use e-mail less because of spam. And 75% were reluctant to give out e-mail addresses, even to online retailers.

【参考译文】

鉴于公众不断收到垃圾电子邮件，加利福尼亚决定开展美国历来最为严厉的打击行动。1月1日，加州通过一条法律，使得计算机用户有权拒收垃圾邮件，并对邮件发送者提出诉讼，要求最高达一百万美元的赔偿。

垃圾邮件内容五花八门，既包括健身美体广告，也包括优惠的按揭贷款广告。加州的打击行动力度十足，但这也使得美国商会和占据庞大市场份额的公司感到不安。他们认为这样的法律会阻碍在线广告的发展，所以就提出保守得多的措施，力图减弱加州和其他采取类似法律的各州的影响。

但这种做法只考虑个人利益，自然难以获得支持。潮水般涌来的垃圾邮件不仅令电脑用户大为光火，而且也大大影响了正常邮件的传递速度。结果，商家还要花费大笔金钱打击垃圾邮件。

事实上，10月22日一项调查表明，垃圾邮件的泛滥使得商家苦心经营的电子商务严重受损。据专门研究公共事务的非营利组织丕优慈善基金会(Pew Charitable Trusts)调查显示，有25％的人因为垃圾邮件的缘故减少了电子邮件的使用，而75％的人则不愿把自己的邮件地址告诉别人，甚至不愿意告诉在线零售商。

中译英

中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。

从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。

【参考译文】

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course.

Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, "the masters' hundred schools."

From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, "everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country;" and long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.

第十六套

英译中

France today is no superpower, but French influence in some spheres significant. Nothing has cemented French influence in the world like the decision made by the victorious World War II powers in 1945 to include France as one of the five permanent, veto-wielding members of the Security Council. Until the end of the Cold War, France rarely found itself in disagreement with Britain or the U.S. on major issues. But the U.N. veto today takes on larger significance as France struggles to decide whether it wants to lead the European Union in defiance of American power or in partnership with it.

As America's great media outlets have begun preparing for coverage of the D-Day celebrations, the question of a "grand gesture" by the French toward the American war in Iraq has been raised. Administration officials hint that, perhaps, just perhaps, the French President will use the occasion of France's rescue as an opportunity to square the accounts — to issue a blanket endorsement of America's plan for Iraq's future and throw its support behind the transfer of power looming at the end of the month. France certainly wants the United States to be successful in Iraq at this point. But France seems unlikely to see D-Day as an opportunity to make good on a 60-year-old debt. Beyond nice speeches and some truly fine cuisine, don't expect France to liberate America from Iraq.

中译英

舒舍予，字老舍，现年四十岁，面黄无须，生于北平，三岁失怙，可谓无父，志学之年，帝王不存，可谓无君，无父无君，特别孝爱老母。幼读三百篇，不求甚解。继学师范，遂奠教书匠之基，及壮，糊口四方，教书为业。甚难发财，每购奖券，以得末奖为荣，示甘为寒贱也。二十七岁，发愤著书，科学哲学无所终，故写小说，博大家一笑，没什么了不得。三十四岁结婚，今已有一男一女，均狡猾可喜。书无所不读，全无所获，并不着急，教书做事，均甚认真，往往吃亏，也不后悔。再活四十年，也许能有点出息。

【参考译文】

I, Shu Sheyu, style myself Lao She. I am a pale and beardless 40-year-old born in Beiping. I became fatherless at the age of 3 when my father died and emperorless at school age when the emperorwas dethroned. Fatherless and emperorless, I was especially filial and respectful to my mother. In my childhood, I read the Book of Songs, making no effort to understand the meaning thoroughly. Years later, I attended a normal school, where I prepared myself to be a teacher/ where I laid a foundation for my career as a teacher. In the prime of my life, I roved hither and thither/ went from one place to another, earning a living by teaching. As fortune seldom came to me, I prided myself on winning the smallest prize every time I bought a lottery ticket, which shows I enjoy myself in leading a poor and humble life. At 27, I made a determined effort to write books. Having

readers, which is no big feat / did not amount to much. I got married at the age of 34. Now I have a son and a daughter. They are both naughty and lovable. Though an extensive reader withough much gains, I am not upset.

I am conscientious in teaching and handling affairs, not regretting in spite of losses. If I could live another 40 years, I might get somewhere.

第十七套

英译中

Yet the U.S. benefited greatly from the colonial strife next door. Broke after its Haitian defeat. France sold a large region to the U.S. for $15 million. The Louisiana Purchase would prove to be one of the most profitable real estate transactions ever made. Napoleon would not have sold his claims" except for the courage and obstinate resistance of Haitian inhabitants.

It would take six decades for the U.S. to acknowledge Haiti's independence. Meanwhile, Haiti, burdened by its post, independence isolation and the too million francs in payment it was forced to give France for official recognition, began its perilous slide toward turmoil and dependency, resulting in a 19-year U.S. occupation and two subsequent interventions in the past 100 years. Jefferson once presented dire warnings about what might happen to the U.S. political system in a worst-case scenario, but his words turned out to be a more accurate prophecy for America's plundered neighbor: "The spirit of the times ... will alter. Our rulers will become corrupt ... The shackles ... which shall not be knocked off at the conclusion of war will remain on tong, will be made heavier." Given a fair chance. Haiti could have flourished and prospered, If that had been the case, this year Haiti would be celebrating the bicentennial of its independence with fewer and lighter shackles.

【参考译文】

美国周边的殖民地争端使其从中获益不少。法国在海地遭遇失败后，财力上捉襟见肘，将一大块地盘以一千五百万美元的代价卖给美国。路易斯安那交易可以算作有史以来购买者获益最丰厚的地产交易了。要不是海地人民高昂的士气和顽强的抵抗使拿破仑头痛不已，他是不会卖掉自己手中的领地的。

美国经过六十年才最终承认海地的独立。而这段时间里，海地承受巨大压力：独立后的孤立无援加之必须向法国支付一亿法郎以换取法方的正式承认，它开始滑向动荡和丧失主权的危险境地，最终导致美国对它长达十九年的占领和其后一百年中两次入侵。杰弗逊曾经对美国政治体系可能出现的最坏情况进行过警告，但他那些令人心惊胆战的话语恰恰精确地预告了美国身边这个屡遭劫难的邻国所发生的一切：“时代的精神将改变。我们的统治者们将腐朽堕落。我们并没有因为战争的结束而挣脱枷锁，它将继续禁锢我们，而且日益沉重。”海地如果能够得到公平的机会，也许会繁荣兴旺。如果真是这样，今年海地庆祝独立二百周年时，它所戴着的枷锁一定会轻些，少些。

中译英

他在父亲的教导下“发愤用功”，其实他读书还是出于喜好，只似馋嘴佬贪吃美食：食肠很大，不择精粗，甜咸杂进。极俗的书他也能看得哈哈大笑。戏曲里的插科打诨，他不仅且看且笑，还一再搬演，笑得打跌。精微深奥的哲学、美学、文艺理论等大部著作，他像小儿吃零食那样吃了又吃，厚厚的书一本本渐次吃完，诗歌更是他喜好的读物。重得拿不动的大词典、辞典、百科全书等，他不仅挨着字母逐条细读，见了新版本，还不嫌其烦的把新条目增补在旧书上。他看书常做些笔记。

【参考译文】

Though he “made a determined effort to study” under his father’s preaching, he studied out of his ow n interest. He was just like an gourmet greatly attached to delicate food. Coarse and delicate, sweet and bitter, could well go into his enormous stomach. Similarly, he would burst into an uproar while reading low-brow

imitate them again and again. As for refined and sophisticated works, either philosophical, aesthetical works or theoretical books of literature and arts, he would read them over and over, as kids licking their candies As a result, he finished reading those thick books one by one. Poetry was his favorite. If it were dictionaries, glossaries, encyclopedias which were too heavy to move, he would read them entry by entry, line by line. If there were any new version which he happened to come across, he would never get tired of squeezing the new entry into the old ones. He used to make notes while reading.

第十八套

英译中

The book shows us the progress of a remarkable American, who, through his own enormous energies and efforts, made the unlikely journey from Hope, Arkansas, to the White House---a journey fueled by an impassioned interest in the political process which manifested itself at every stage of his life: in college, working as an intern for Senator William Fulbright; at Oxford, becoming part of the Vietnam War protest movement; at Yale Law School, campaigning on the grassroots level for Democratic candidates; back in Arkansas, running for Congress, attorney general, and governor.

We see his career shaped by his resolute determination to improve the life of his fellow citizens, an unfaltering commitment to civil fights, and an exceptional understanding of the practicalities of political life.

We come to understand the emotional pressures of his youth--born after his father's death; caught in the dysfunctional relationship between his feisty, nurturing mother and his abusive stepfather, drawn to the brilliant, compelling lady whom he was determined to marry; passionately devoted, from her infancy, to their daughter, and to the entire experience of fatherhood; slowly and painfully beginning to comprehend how his early denial of pained him at times into damaging patterns of behavior.

【参考译文】

本书向我们展示了一个杰出美国人的成长历程。他精力充沛，通过艰苦卓绝的努力，从阿肯色州的霍普镇走到了白宫，完成了一段不可思议的人生历程。他一生的每一阶段都展示出对政治生涯的狂热追求，正是这种追求鼓舞着他走完这段历程：在大学期间，他已经是参议员威廉·富尔布莱特的实习生；在牛津大学，他成为反越战运动的一份子；在耶鲁大学法学院，他参与民主党候选人的基层选举；回到阿肯色州，他竞选过州议会议员，司法部长直至州长。

他有着坚毅的决心要改善同胞们的生活，他致力于民权运动，矢志不渝，他对于如何运用政治权力有着超乎常人的深刻理解，这一切成为他职业生涯的闪光点，有目共睹。

我们日益了解到他青少年时期所遭受的情感波折：他是父亲去世后降临人世的遗腹子；母亲含辛茹苦，但喜好争吵，继父动辄打骂，他成长在两人岌岌可危的婚姻关系之中；他被一位才华横溢、令人折服的女士所倾倒，下定决心与她步入婚姻殿堂；他从女儿出生起就疼爱有加，尽心尽力地做一个好父亲；青少年时期压抑的痛苦使他后来偶尔作出一些不利的行为，这样逐渐深入的了解也颇令人感伤。

中译英

伟大的抗战精神，蕴含着中华儿女和衷共济的团结精神。面对亡国灭种的民族危机，中华儿女，地无分南北，人无分老幼，有钱出钱，有力出力，举国上下，万众一心，用血肉筑成了一座侵略者不可逾越的新的长城。“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”，在民族患难的时代，这种浩然之气概，不屈之节操，激励着中华儿女赴汤蹈火，殊死奋战，使救亡图存成为可歌可泣、英勇卓绝的斗争。今年是中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利60周年。重温那段血与火的悲壮历史，缅怀抗日先烈的丰功伟绩，弘扬中华民族伟大的抗战精神，在今天仍然具有十分重要的意义。

【参考译文】

The grand spirit of Anti-aggression is a vivid reflection of the Chinese people’s persistent solidarity.

together with one mind and build up an insurmountable Great Wall in resistance, with their flesh and blood.

“Indulge never in money and rank, apostatize never when in poverty and hardship, surrender never to power and force.” In times of national crisis, this formidable mettle and dauntless integrity prompt China’s sons and daughters to go through fire and water with the courage of despair, making the anti-Japanese war moving and praise-worthy.

It is now the 60th anniversary of China’s anti-Japanese war and the world’s anti-fascism war. And it is still of great significance today for us to review the buskined history of fire and blood, to recall the great feats of the gallant martyrs, and to carry forward our nation’s infinite morale of anti-aggression.

第十九套

英译中

The popular view when discussing urban transportation in American cities today is to decry its sorry state. Newspaper and journals are filled with talk of "urban transportation crisis," of the "difficulties of getting from here to there, " and so on at great length. Matters are reported to get worse and very quickly.

Everyone has his own favorite traumatic experience to report: of the occasion when many of the switches froze on New York's commuter railroads; of the sneak snowstorm in Boston that converted thirty-minute commuter trips into seven hour ordeals; of the extreme difficulties in Chicago and other Midwestern cities when some particularly heavy and successive snowstorms were endured.

One reason for the talk of an urban transportation crisis in the United States today perhaps lies in a failure to meet anticipations. Many commuters expected to reduce their commuting times as systems improved, but instead found themselves barely able to maintain the status quo in terms of time requirements./ Another reason for talk of crisis, almost certainly, is the rate of improvement in the performance of urban transportation systems during rush hours has been markedly inferior to that expected during off-peak hours. Specifically, the ability to move quickly about American cities during non-rush hours has improved in a truly phenomenal fashion.

【参考译文】

人们议论起今天美国城市的交通，普遍都对其混乱不堪的状况持公开批评的观点。报纸和杂志充斥着谈论“城市交通危机”、“行路难”及诸如此类的话题。据报道，交通问题越来越糟，而且每况愈下的速度非常之快。

每个人都有自己喜欢向人叙说的可怕经历：纽约市郊铁路上的许多道岔冻住了；波士顿突然遭遇暴风雪，使得30分钟短途旅程变成了7小时的煎熬：在芝加哥和其它中西部城市，特大暴风雪接二连三袭来，持续数日，使交通变得极其困难。

人们谈论当今美国城市交通危机的一个原因，或许在于目前的状况未能达到人们的期望值。随着交通系统的改进，许多依赖公共交通出行的上班族期望能够缩短上下班来回时间，到头来却发现在交通上所花的时间几乎没有减少。人们谈论交通危机的另一个原因，几乎可以肯定的是，高峰时段城市交通系统功能的改进程度明显不如非高峰时段人们所期待的改进程度。确切地讲，在非高峰时间美国城市间快速通行的能力的确有了显著的改善。

中译英

光阴似箭，转眼中国加入世贸组织已经整整4年。4年来，中国加入世贸绝大多数承诺都已兑现，部分承诺的兑现甚至走在规定的时间表之内。在世贸成员关心的知识产权问题上，中国启动法律修改工程，查处大批侵权案件，这些努力均取得了显著成效。中国政府还全面清理了部委和地方的行政法规。

一诺千金，有诺必践，传送着中国的极大诚意，展示了一个负责任大国的襟怀，赢得世贸成员和国际舆论的佳评。在世贸组织的年度审议中，这几年中国都受到充分肯定。为使国内经济与世贸规则相符，中国表现了承担义务的强烈意愿，并且一如既往从未动摇。

How time flies! In a twinkling of an eye it is already 4 years since China acceded to the World Trade Organization ( WTO ). Over the past 4 years, China has honored most of the commitments it made when joining the WTO, and some of them are even fulfilled ahead of schedule. In respect of the intellectual property issue that is of concern to WTO members, China launched a law revamp program and investigated a great number of infringement cases. These efforts have achieved remarkable effect. The Chinese government has also revamped the administrative laws and regulations at ministerial and local levels.

By making and honoring promises that can be counted on, China has shown its utmost sincerity and largeness of mind as a great and responsible country/nation, gaining acclamations from WTO members and international public opinion. At the WTO annual deliberations, China’s efforts have been fully recognized over the years. To accord its domestic economy with the WTO rules, China has manifested strong willingness to undertake responsibility; it has fulfilled its obligations as always and has never wavered.

第二十套

英译中

A proposal to change long-standing federal policy and deny citizenship to babies born to illegal immigrants on U.S. soil ran aground this month in Congress, but it is sure to resurface – kindling bitter debate even if it fails to become law.

At issue is “birthright citizenship” –provided for since the Constitution’s 14th Amendment was ratified in 1868. Section 1 of that amendment, drafted with freed slaves in mind, says: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States.”

Some conservatives in Congress, as well as advocacy groups seeking to crack down on illegal immigration, say the amendment has been misapplied over the years, that it was never intended to grant citizenship automatically the babies of illegal immigrants. Thus they contend that federal legislation, rather than a difficult-to-achieve constitutional amendment, would be sufficient to end birthright citizenship.

“Most Americans feel it doesn’t make any sense for people to come into the country illegally, give birth and have a new U.S. citizen,” said the spokesman of the federation of American immigration reform. “But the advoc ates for illegal immigrants will make a fuss; they’ll claim you’re punishing the children, and I suspect the leadership doesn’t want to deal with that.”

【参考译文】

本月，一项意在改变存在已久的联邦政策、拒绝给予在美国的非法移民所生的子女公民身份的提案在国会搁了浅，但是这个提案肯定会重新出台——即使该提案不能成为法律，也会引起激烈的争论。

争论的焦点是“与生俱来的公民权”——自1868年批准的宪法第14条修正案以来就对这一权利作了规定。以获得自由的奴隶为本意而起草的该修正案第一款规定：“凡在美国出生或归化美国、且受美国管辖之人，皆为美国公民。”

国会中的一些保守派以及主张对非法移民进行严厉打击的团体声言，多年来该修正案应用不当，其用意从来就不是理所当然的要给予非法移民的子女公民权。因而，他们宣称通过联邦立法，而不是一条难以达成的宪法修正案，就足以终结与生俱来的公民权。

“大多数美国人认为，非法进入美国的人在美国生儿养女，使新生的子女成为美国的新公民，这是没有道理的，”美国移民改革联合会的发言人说。“但是非法移民的代言人定会小题大做；他们会说你们是在惩罚孩子，因此我料想我们的领导人不会愿意面对这件事情。”

中译英

中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中国人在对外关系中始终秉承“强不执弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八

进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

【参考译文】

The Chinese civilization has always given prominence to cordiality, benevolence, and good neighborliness and laid stress on living in harmony with others. In foreign relations, the Chinese people have always believed that “the strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor” and advocate that “all nations live side by side in perfect harmony.”

The Chinese hold that “one should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast becau se it admits hundreds of rivers” and call for drawing upon the strength and useful experiences of other people. China commits itself firmly to peaceful development, accelerating its development by upholding world peace and promoting world peace through its own development.

China firmly pursues a strategy of opening-up for mutual benefit and win-win outcomes, genuinely willing to enter into extensive cooperation with other countries and to embrace everything that is useful and draws on the strength of other civilizations. It will pursue peace and development through cooperation so as to promote the building of a harmonious world characterized by enduring peace and common prosperity.

第二十一套

英译中

Well before his death, Peter Drucker had already become a legend. Over his 95 prolific years, he had been a true Renaissance man, and teacher of religion, philosophy and political science. But his most important contribution, clearly, is in business. What John Keynes is to economics, Drucker is to management.

In the 1980s Peter Drucker began to have grave doubts about business and even capitalism itself. He no longer saw the corporation as the ideal space to create community. In fact, he saw nearly the opposite: a place where self-interest had triumphed over the egalitarian principles he long championed. In both his writings and speeches, Drucker emerged as one of Corporate America's most important critics. When conglomerates were the rage, he preached against reckless mergers and acquisitions. When executives were engaged in empire-building, he argued against excess staff and the inefficiencies of numerous "assistants to".

In a 1984 essay he persuasively argued that CEO pay had rocketed out of control and implored boards to hold CEO compensation to no more than 20 times what the rank and file made. He maintained that multi-million-dollar severance packages had perverted management's ability to look out anything but itself. What particularly enraged him was the tendency of corporate managers to reap massive earnings while firing thousands of their workers. "This is morally and socially unforgivable," wrote Drucker, "and we will pay a heavy price for it."

【参考译文】

彼得?德鲁克在世时就已成为传奇人物。在95 年的光辉岁月里，他广著名作，多才多艺，在宗教、哲学以及政治学领域都堪为人师。然而他最重要的成就无疑还是在商业领域。管理学中的德鲁克正如经济学里的约翰. 凯恩斯。

二十世纪八十年代，彼得?德鲁克开始对商业模式乃至资本主义制度本身产生了深深的怀疑。他不再认为公司是创造和谐氛围的理想场所，事实上，他所目睹的与此截然相反：公司里人人各为其利，而这与他一直倡导的公平原则相违背。无论是在著作还是演讲中，德鲁克都针锋相对，成为美国式企业制度最重要的批判者之一。适逢大财团纷纷涌现，他不厌其烦，尽数此类疯狂兼并和收购的弊端。当职业经理人们埋头建造商业帝国时，他指出冗员和机构臃肿会造成效率低下，危害不浅。

高级口译翻译(第四版)

Unit1 1．欢迎希尔博士和夫人来访上海。 Welcome to Shanghai, Dr. and Mrs. Hill. 2．请允许我做自我介绍。 Please allow me to introduce myself. 3．我叫洪建信，是中美医药公司的副总经理。 My name is Jianxin Hong. I am deputy managing director of t he Sino-American Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. 4. 我们很荣幸能请到您，我也特别高兴能认识您。 It is a great honor to have you here with us .And I am so delighted to make your acquaintance . 5. 我们去取行李吧。 We wil go there and pick up the luggage . 4．久闻先生大名, 我在研究生学习时期所写的两篇论文曾参考了您的研究成果。 I have long heard of you,and as a matter of fact, I referred to your research findings in a couple of my papers during my graduate studies. 6．我为能在上海接待您和您的家人深感愉快，我很高兴我们能在今后的半年里合作共事。 It gives me such a great pleasure to meet you and your family here in Shanghai and I am very glad that you will be working with us for the next six months.

对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研历年真题解析

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研招生目录，考研参考书，历年真题笔记贸大英语翻译基础书目推荐 1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。 2、叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。北京：清华大学出版社，2001。 3、中国日报（China Daily）：英语点睛：新词新译 4、王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经济贸易大学出版社，第三版，2010。 5、金融时报官方网站：双语时评。 6、网站：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/d211791253.html,/ 7、外贸、金融、经济学、世贸组织等英语专业术语。 8、张曦，《口语与口译300题》，上海交通大学出版社。 9、金焕荣，《商务英语翻译》，苏州大学出版社。 10、赵军锋，《商务英语口译》，高等教育出版社，2009. 11、2015年度国家领导人出席的国际会议：演讲稿中英对照。 12、三笔、二笔相应题材的文章。 百科知识和汉语写作书目推荐 1、卢晓江.《自然科学史十二讲》.中国轻工业出版社（2007）（矿大） 2、叶朗.《中国文化读本》.北京：外语教学与研究出版社（2008） 3、杨月蓉.《实用汉语语法与修辞》.重庆：西南师范大学出版社（1999）（北大） 4、金元浦.《中国文化概论》.北京：中国人民大学出版社（2007） 5、庄锡昌.《西方文化史》.北京：高等教育出版社（2011） 6、林青松.《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》.南京：东南大学出版社（2005） 7、张元忠.张东风.《经济应用文写作与评析》.武汉：华中科技大学出版社（2008） 9、俞纪东.《经济写作》.上海：上海财经大学出版社 10、张文.《外贸文秘写作全书》.中华工商联合出版社 11、郑孝敏.《商务应用文》.东北财经大学出版社 12、柯琳娟.《公司（企业）常用文书写作格式与范本》.企业管理出版社 13、邵龙青.《财经应用写作》.东北财经大学出版社

中级口译翻译真题c-e

ji2009.3 钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。 没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生。那么就不可浪费光阴。这个道理人人都懂，可是很少人能积极不懈地善为利用他的时间。 2008.9 据消息灵通人士透露，今年春节前，家乐福才与新大新发生第一次“亲密接触”。其中广州市政府无疑起到了“红娘“的作用。短短几个月时间，双方”情投意合“。外界关心的是：家乐福到底看中新大新什么地方？ 对此，新大新总经理何先生没有作出正面回答，只是笼统地陈述在广州的百货业中新大新有自己独特的一面。据何先生透露，这次新大新出资持有新组建的公司35%的股份，家乐福占65%：”这是按照国家有关政府政策，即中方持股不得少于35%的规定的“。 2008.3 我国首次月球探测工程的成功，实现了中华民族的千年奔月

梦想，开启了中国人走向深空探索宇宙奥秘的时代，标志着我国已经进入世界具有深空探测能力的国家行列。这是我国推行自主创新，建设创新型国家取得的又一标志性成果，是中华民族在攀登世界科技高峰征程上实现的又一历史性跨越，是中华民族为和平开发利用外层空间作出的又一重大贡献。全体儿女都为我们伟大祖国取得的这一辉煌成就感到骄傲和自豪！ 2007.9 中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的100多年时间里，中国受尽列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强，民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，任然是世界上最大的发展中国家。推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。中国人民最需要，最珍爱和平的国际环境，愿尽自己所能，为推动各国发展作出积极贡献。 2007.3 中国赢得2010年世界博览会的举办权，靠的是国际社会对中国改革开放的支持和信心。这次博览会将是自1851年在英国伦敦第一次举办以来，首次在发展中国家举办的世界博览会，它表达了全世界人民对中国未来发展的期望。

2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导

2020年翻译资格考试英语高级口译指导 译事三难：信、达、雅。求其信，已大难矣!故信矣，不达，虽译，犹不译也，则达上焉。...易曰：“修辞立诚。”子曰：“辞达而已!”又曰：“言而无文，行之不远。”三者乃文章正轨，亦即为译事楷模。故信、达而外，求其尔雅...——严复《天演论.译立言》 1. 原文：All around was open loneliness and black solitude,over which a stiff breeze blew。(Thomas Hardy：Tess of the d'Urbervilles) 译文：周围一切，仅仅一片空旷的荒寒，一团漆黑的僻静，一股 劲风，在上面吹动。(张谷若译) 赏析：“一片”、“一团”、“一股”，量词的准确使用增强了 疑问的表现力。 2. 原文：She denied it,denied everything,bone and stone. 译文：她矢口否认，死不认账。 赏析：原文中的"bone and stone"形象生动，但将其直译成“语 气硬得像骨头和石头”，去不一定能为我国读者所接受，改译成“死 不认账”，就自然、生动的多。翻译本来就是一个有得有失的过程， 完全传达原文的意义、精神、意韵、形象实不可能，好的译者总是善 于抓住原文的精髓，在译文中尽力将其传达出来，而将原文那些相对 来说不甚重要的且又无法传达的割舍开去，借用依据哲学的术语，就 是“抓住要矛盾或矛盾的主要方面”，至于哪些是“主要矛盾或矛盾 的主要方面”，哪些是“次要矛盾或矛盾的次要方面”，取决于翻译 的目的、翻译语境以及译者的理解水平。

3. 原文：The reverberation of fighting between the forces of India and Pakistan are reaching us in increasing volume. 译文：印度和巴基斯坦两国部队的杀伐声一阵紧似一阵传到我们这里来。(黄邦杰：《译艺谭》) 赏析：黄邦杰先生说：“对一个译者来说，译一个词，不但要准确的把词义译出，而且要把这词所具有的特色、词义的细微差别以及作者褒贬的态度和正反的说法，不温不火、不多很多地加以体现。”"The reverberation of fighting"译为“杀伐声”，"in increasing volume"译为“一阵紧似一阵”，绘声绘色，活灵活现，让人不能不佩服。 4. 原文：The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China's progress.(Lin Yutang：Moment in Peking) 译文：那个愚蠢无知的老太婆统治了十九世纪后五十年，使中国不能进步，她可算功劳第一。(张振玉译) 赏析：“她可算是功劳第一”，反语的使用，辛辣无比。 本期练习：翻译下列句子 His discourse,says Speidel,"become lost in fantastic digressions." 答案： 译文：斯派达尔后来说，他的的谈话“越说越远，越说越离奇，最后不知说到哪里去了。”

高级口译翻译难点词汇

0903高口英译汉 1．In-state tuition. 州民学费 背景补充：美国的州立大学的学费往往有两种：In-state tuition，州民学费，针对本州居民的学费，条件是学生自己必须是本州的居民，至少是美国公民，其学费相对是较低的。这种低廉的学费非常有助于州立大学吸引成绩优异但家境不够富裕的学生。Out-of-state tuition，非州民学费，针对本州居民以外，往往是in-state tuition的三至四倍。 2．Ivy League：长春藤盟校 背景补充：Ivy League：通常译为“长春藤盟校”，除了著名的Harvard哈佛和Yale耶鲁外，还包括Princeton University普林斯顿大学、University of Pennsylvania 宾西法尼亚大学、Dartmouth College 达特茅斯学院、Columbia University 哥伦比亚大学、Cornell University 康乃尔大学和Brown University布朗大学。这些大学都是私立的名校，以高质量的教学和高昂的学费而著称。 0903高口汉译英 好听的话=奉承的话：flattery 赞美/恭维话：compliment 拂耳之言:offensive words/criticism 不悦：unhappy; displeased 愠怒：be angry; be irritated 身居要职: occupy an important position; hold an important post 心悦诚服: be gladly/completely convinced 雅量：（宽宏的气度）magnanimity; generosity；（大的酒量）great capacity to drink 心性：disposition; temperament 修养：self-cultivation 缺陷：flaw; defect 花言巧语：blandishments; fine rhetoric; deceiving words 投其所好：hit on what one likes; cater to another’s pleasure 可乘之机：Loophole: (法律上的)漏洞、空子 忠诚：loyal; faith 直言不讳：speak out frankly without reserve 在理智上：in reason 伟大哲学家老子：Laozi, the great philosopher 兼听则明，偏信则暗：listen to both sides and you will be enlightened; heed only one side and you will be benighted; benighted (being misled) by one-sided opinion, enlightened by difference voices. 忠言逆耳利于行: Honest advice, though unpleasant to the ear, benefits your conduct./ Truth hurts, but helps. 美言不信，信言不美: Beautiful words are truthful; truthful words are not nice to hear./ Embellished words are not true while true words are not embellished. 背离：go against; betray 古训：old teaching

2014年首都师范大学翻译硕士英语笔译考研真题及答案

育明教育孙老师整理，来育明教育赠送资料，更多真题可咨询孙老师。 首都师范大学2014年翻译硕士MTI真题及答案 一.将下列词语译成汉语（每题2分，共10分） 1.Protestantism 2.cultural anthropology 3.Metaphysics 4.cruise missiles 5.anti-Semitism 二.将下列词语译成英语（每题4分，共40分） 1.可行性报告 2.中庸之道 3.民族危机感 4.政终协商制 5.礼乐文化 6.可持续发展 7.应试教育 8.端午节 9.暂住证 10.知识产权 三.将下列句子译成汉语。（每题8分共40分） 1.White House spokesman Jay Carney warned that the“window is narrowing”for Damascus to avoid further U.S.sanctiqas,bui he declined to provide details or timing for such steps.The comments mark

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