科技英语翻译考试例句

上篇（共25个）

1.The waster radiation is revolutionizing X-ray science，enabling researchers to

see things on an atomic level with eyes that are a million times more powerful than ever before.

这种鄙视为废物的辐射使X射线科学发生了一场革命；它使科研工作者能用眼睛看到原子级的东西，这一放大率比以往提高了100万倍。

2.If we had known the properties of the material, we should have made full use

of it.

要是当时了解这种材料的特性的话，我们就会充分利用它了。

3.Moving parts of a machine would wear much more rapidly without being

oiled.

机器的运动部件如果不加油就会磨损的非常快。

4.Cool slowly to minimize cracking.

要慢慢冷却，以最大限度的减少开裂。

5.Don’t let the stresses inside the material exceed the elastic limit, or else

permanent deformation will result.

不要使材料的应力超过弹性极限，否则会产生永久变形。

6.Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.

应当注意机器的工作温度。

7.Television is the transmission and reception of image of moving objects by

radio waves.

电视通过无线电波发射和接受各种活动物体的图像

8.An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best

acquired from the study of a representative particular science.

要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。9.Apart from the international agencies controlled by the U.N., many scientific

and technological organizations, both governmental and privately owned, are pooling their resources and incorporating themselves into supra-national bodies; a good example is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, with over 20 member-countries throughout the world.

除去联合国直属的国际机构以外，许多科技组织不论是政府的还是私营的，都在将它们的资源汇集起来并将自己合并成超国家的组织。由世界上20多个国家参加的经济合作与发展组织就是一个范例。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e56160627.html,puting machines are essentially machines for recording numbers,

operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form.

计算机的本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。11.There now exists a kind of glass so sensitive to light that, like photographic

film, it will record pictures and designs.

现在有一种对光十分敏感的玻璃，它像胶卷一样能记录图像和图案。12.The ON condition makes the data equipment ready to the communication

equipment to be connected to the communication channel.

在接通状态时，数据设备准备好，通信设备连接到通信通道。

13.Then the surgeon cut him open and take out the appendix and stitched him up

again.

医生切开他的腹部，割除了阑尾，又把他腹部缝好。

14.It is very much like communicating with an accurate robot who has a very

small vocabulary and takes everything literally.

这就像和一丝不苟的机器人说话，机器人只有很少的词汇，而且你怎么说他就怎么做。

15.Design is a series of operations involved in taking a product from a

conceptual stage to a form that meets both company goals and customer expectations.

设计是一系列的操作，包含该产品从构思阶段到同时满足公司目标和客户期望的结构样式。

16.Jigang will fix this problem during the recent shut down of the finishing mill.

济钢会在最近的精轧机停产时解决这一问题。

17.Many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat,

which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.

许多保健意识太强的女性会由于她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉而增加其缺铁的风险，因为这些肉中所含的铁质最容易被吸收。

18.As we know, all matters consist of molecules, and molecules consist of atoms.

众所周知，一切物质由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。

19.Dimensioning is a complicated word and long experiences are required for the

mastering of it.

进行尺寸标注是一项复杂的工作，需要有长期经验才能完成。

20.This laser beam covers a very narrow range of frequencies.

这种激光束的频率范围很窄。

21.The diameter and the length of the wire are not the only factors to influence

its resistance.

导线的直径和长度不是影响电阻的唯一因素。

22.The shadow cast by an object is long or short according as the sun is high up

in the heaven or near the horizon.

物体投影的长短取决于太阳是高挂天空还是靠近地平线。

23.Quasi-stars were discovered in 1963 as a result of an effort to overcome the

shortcomings of radio telescopes.

类星体是1963年发现的，是人们努力克服射电望远镜的缺点所取得的一项成果。

24.Earthquakes seem less easy to be controlled by man than weather.

人类要控制地震似乎比控制天气更难。

25.These waves, which are commonly called radio waves, travel with the

velocity of light.

这些电波一般以光的速度进行传播，它们通常被称为无线电波。

中篇第一章（共45个）

1.Gases differ from solids in that the former have greater compressibility than

the latter.

气体和固体的区别在于前者比后者有更大的压缩性。

2.The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor

productivity.

使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率。

3.The flowing of current first in one direction, and then in another makes an

alternating current.

电流先向一个方向流动，然后又向另一方向流动构成交流电。

4.If we were ignorant of the structure of the atom, it would be impossible for us

to study nuclear physics.

如果我们不知道原子的结构，就不可能研究核子物理学。

5.Both of the substances are not soluble in water.

这两种物质都不溶于水。

6.Whenever one body touches another, heat always passes by conduction from

the warmer to the colder.

当一个物体接触到另一个物体时，热量总是从较热的物体传导到较冷的物体。

7.All of this proves that we must have a profound study of properties of

proteins.

所有这一切证明，我们必须深入地研究蛋白质的特性。

8.The wide application of electronic computers affects tremendously the

development of science and technology.

电子计算机的广泛应用，对科学技术的发展有极大的影响。

9.Gasoline is appreciably volatile.

汽油具有很强的挥发性。

10.These parts must be proportionally correct.

这些零件的比例必须准确无误。

11.In this case the temperature in the furnace is up.

在这种情况下，炉温就升高。

12.Without steel, there would be no modern industry.

如果没有钢，就不会有现代化工业。

13.The new precision machine tools are very good in quality and fine in shape.

新型机密机床质量上乘，样式美观。

14.Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.

物质可以转化为能，能也可以转化为物质。

15.The bond between mathematics and the life sciences has been strengthened by

the emergence of a whole group of applied mathematics specialties, such as biometrics, psychometrics, and economics.

生物统计学、心里检测学、计量经济学等一大批应用数学专业学科的出现，大大加强了数学和生命科学之间的联系。

16.The frequency, wave length, and speed of sound are closely related.

频率、波长和声速三方面是密切相关的。

17.The temperature needed for this processing is lower than that needed to melt

the metal.

这种加工方法所需的温度要低于融化该金属的温度。

18.Oxidation will make metals rusty.

氧化作用会使金属生锈。

19.Being large or small all magnets behave the same.

所有磁铁，无论大小，其性质都一样。

20.For reasons the alternating current is more widely used than the direct current.

由于种种原因，交流电比直流电用得更为广泛。

21.A new kind of computer-small, cheap, fine-is attracting increasing attention.

一种新型的计算机越来越引起人们的注意---这种计算机体积小巧、价格低廉、性能优越。

22.In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper

the second.

一般来说，金属都是良导体，其中以银为最好，铜次之。

23.A computer system consists of a computer and some peripherals.

计算机系统是由计算机和一些外部设备构成的。

24.The resistance of a given section of an electric circuits is equal to the ratio of

its voltage to the current through this section of the circuit,

电路某一段的电阻等与其电压与流过该段电路的电流之比。

25.Given the weight and the specific gravity of a body, we can calculate its

volume.

已知物体的重量和比重，就可求出其体积。

26.Since copper possesses good conductivity, it is widely used in electrical

engineering.

由于铜具有良好的导电性，所以被广泛应用于电气工程。

27.The diameter and the length of wire are not the only factors to influence its

resistance.

导线的直径和长度不是影响电阻的唯一因素。

28.Its transmission over long distance causes some loss of energy.

长距离输送会损耗一些能量。

29.Turning this knob gives the control over the brightness of the light spot.

转动这个旋钮就能控制光电的亮度。

30.Pure water freezes at 0℃and boils at 100℃under standard pressure.

在标准大气压下，纯净水在摄氏零度时结冰，在摄氏一百度时沸腾。31.Ductility of a metal is usually much less when hot than when cold.

热状态的金属韧性一般要比冷状态的金属低得多。

32.Stainless steel posseses good hardness and high strength.

不锈钢硬度大、强度高。

33.The time-keeping decives of electric watches are much more accurate than

those of mechanical ones.

电子表比机械表准确的多。

34.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.

与其说海洋分隔了世界，不如说海洋连接了世界。

35.X-rays have the same nature as visible light, but their wavelength is much

less.

X射线与可见光的性质相同，但X射线的波长要短得多。

36.It takes a body precisely as long to fall from a height h as it does to rise that

high.

物体从高度h下落所需要的时间与它上升到同一高度所需的时间完全相同。

37.There are two kinds of video capture devices, analog and digital.

视频采集设备有两种，模拟采集设备和数字采集设备。

38.Increasingly sophisticated computer-controlled robots are entering industry to

cut down production costs, time and labor requirements.

日益完善的由计算机控制的机器人正在进入工业领域，以降低成本、缩短生产时间、减少劳动力。

39.Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its

chemical properties.

即使我们将普通食盐溶于水，也不能改变其化学性质。

40.They worked out a new method by which production has been rapidly

increased.

他们制定了一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

41.The water must be kept free from harmful bacteria. It should be colorless and

relatively odorless.

水应该是无色且相对无味的，应当避免沾染有害细菌。

42.Fig.1 incorporates many of the factors which must be considered in

developing a satisfactory system.

图1所示的许多因素，在研制性能良好的系统时必须予以考虑。

43.Other metals are not malleable at all. Thus chromium is so hard even at room

temperature that it shatters whenever it is hammered.

有的金属却根本没有延展性，如非常坚硬的铬，即使在室温下，一经敲击便会立即粉碎。

44.Water is a substance suitable for preparation of hydrogen and oxygen.

水是适于制取氢和氧的一种物体。

45.Faraday discovered the Law of Electromagnetic Induction after years of trial,

error, and trial again.

经过几年的实验、失败、再试验，法拉第终于发现了电磁感应定律。

中篇第二章（共40个）

1.When an acid reacts with a base, a neutral product usually results, and we call

it a salt.

当一种酸和一种碱起反应时，通常形成一种中性产物，我们称之为盐类。

2.The key difference between Japanese and German maglev trains is that the

Japanese trains use super-cooled, superconducting electromagnets.

日本和德国的磁悬浮列车的最大不同在于日本列车采用低温超导电磁。

3.Insulators can also conduct electricity to some extent ,though they give a high

resistance to an electric current.

虽然绝缘体对电流施加很大电阻，但仍能有某种程度的导电性。

4.The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt; This is

the unit of voltage and that of current flow.

电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特：伏特是电压单位，安培是电流单位。

5.The closed loop system protects the operator from liquor contact and hazard

from same.

此闭环系统能保护操作工，使之不与液体接触，免受液体危害。

6.Ideal voltage and current sources are active circuit elements, while resisitors

and conductors are passive elements.

理想电压源和电流源都是有源元件，而电阻器和导体都是无源元件。7.The liquid carries the current through cell between the two plates.

液体使电流通过电池，由一块极板流向另一块极板。

8.The interference worked much instability in the system.

干扰给系统造成了很大的不稳定性。

9.Whichever way the two two-way switches are left, one of the wires is “alive”

and the other is ”dead”.

无论这两个双路开关合在哪一边，两根导线中总有一根是带电的，一根拾不带电的。

10.The thicker the wire, the more freely it will carry current.

导线越粗，就越容易导电。

11.Gold is similar in color to brass.

金子的颜色和黄铜相似。

12.In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper

the second.

一般说来，金属是导体，银最佳，铜次之。

13.Adverse to iron, mercury is in a liquid state are ordinary temperature.

水银与铁不同，在常温下是液态。

14.The change of electrical energy into mechanical energy is done in motors.

电能变为机械能是通过电动机实现的。

15.The computer can read in and out information in less than a second.

这台计算机能在不到一秒钟的时间里输入和输出数据。

16.With its great potential, the wide use of optical communications will not come

overnight.

虽然光通讯有巨大的发展潜力，但它不会在一夜之间就得到广泛的应用。

17.If one halves a bar magnet, each of the two halves will be a complete magnet.

如果把一根磁铁棒分成两段，那么其中每一段都仍是完整的磁铁。

18.It is through this interface that the substation operator must control and

monitor the entire substation.

变电站运行人员正是通过这个界面控制和监视整个变电站的。

19.The same is true when an alternating voltage is applied to a resistance.

当交流电压加在电阻上时，情况也是一样的。

20.If we permit the current to flow longer, more heat will be produced.

如果让电流通过的时间长一些，产生的热就会多一些。

21.Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller units known as”

subatomic particles”.

原子虽小，却仍由叫做“亚原子粒子”的更小单位组成。

22.The choice of material in construction of bridges is basically between steel or

concrete and main trouble with concrete is that its tensile strength is very small.

桥梁建筑材料基本上仍在钢性和混凝土之间选择，而混凝土的主要缺点是抗拉强度低。

23.The distance between the two plates is small compared with their linear

dimensions.

两板之间的距离相对于其宽度和长度而言比较小。

24.The cost of gold is high. That is why it is not extensively used as conductors.

金的价格昂贵，因此不能广泛用做导体。

25.Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.

几乎所有的物质都热胀冷缩。

26.The materials are excellent for use where the value of the work pieces is not

high.

如果零件价格不高，最好使用这种材料。

27.The new chip is about 1.5 times as integrative as that of the old ones.

新型芯片的集成度是旧型号的1.5倍。

28.The electricity crisis can be solved as long as low-cost power is available.

只要能获得低成本的电力，电力紧张问题就会解决。

29.The dielectric material is not perfect, so a small leakage current will flow

through it.

电容电介材料是不完全绝缘的，因而会通过小的漏洞流出。

30.The electrons to move freely play an important role in the formation of

electric current.

自由运动的电子在电流行成中起着重要的作用。

31.The moving point P describes a line, straight or curved, in the plane.

动点P在平面内描绘出一条线，这条线可能是直线也可能是曲线。

32.Such recent terms as chemical physics and biophysics are indicative of the

widening application of the principles of physics, even in the studies of living organisms.

像化学物理学和生物物理学这类新术语，就是物理学原理被推广应用的明证，表明其应用范围甚至已扩展到生物机理的研究中。

33.This complicated relationship must be represented graphically.

这种复杂的关系必须用图解来表示。

34.The reserve voltage gain can usually be neglected.

反向电压增益通常可以忽略不计。

35.The expansion of metal on heating must be taken into consideration before a

long metal bridge is built.

要建造金属大桥，就必须考虑金属的热膨胀特性。

36.AC can be changed into DC with great ease.

交流电可以极其容易地被转变成直流电。

37.Going through the process of heat treatment, metals become much stronger

and more durable.

金属经过热处理后，强度更大，更加耐用。

38.Modern industry needs considerable quantities of this metal, either in the

form of iron or in the form of steel.

现代工业对这种金属的需求量很大，无论是铁的形式还是钢的形式。

39.The composites showed a two times increase in modulus of elasticity and a

five times increase in tensile strength over that of the plain matrix.

这种符合材料的弹性模量比单纯基本材料增大了一倍，而拉伸强度则增

大了四倍。

40.If you treble the distance between an object and the earth, the gravitational

attraction gets nine times weaker.

如果你把一个物体与地球的距离增加两倍，地心引力就会减弱到1/9 。

中篇第三章（15个）

1.Being cooled in the air,t his kind of steel becomes harder and harder.

在空气中冷却之后，这种钢就变得越来越硬。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/e56160627.html,ing a transformer, power at low voltage can be transformed into power at high

voltage.

3.如果使用变压器，低电压的电力就能转换成高电压的电力。

Copper has less resistance than aluminum for the same size wire, but aluminum, being much lighter in weight, has less resistance per unit of weight.

对于同样粗细的电线来说，铜比铝的电阻小，但由于铝的重量很轻，所以它单位重量的电阻较小。

4.Depending upon certain conditions, there may or may not be free electrons in

semiconductors.

半导体是否存在着自由电子，这取决于某些条件。

5.In fact, materials as used in transistors do not exist in nature but are man-made.

实际上，晶体管中所用的材料是人造的，在自然界中并不存在。

6.The porous wall acts as a kind of seine for separating molecules.

多孔壁的作用就像一把筛子，它把不同质量的分子分开。

7.It is necessary to prevent induction motors against overload and under voltage.

必须保护感应电动机，以防止过载和欠压。

8.Transistors, integrated circuits, and the chip itself only came about because

materials scientists learned how to process silicon from common beach sand.

晶体管/集成电路以及芯片本身，都是由于材料科学家学会了利用沙滩上的普通沙子加工硅的方法之后才出现的。

9.The function of the safety value is to reduce accident.

安全阀的作用是减少事故的发生。

10.Another important factor to be taken into consideration is that current strength is

equal at certain points in a series circuit.

需要考虑在内的另外一个重要因素是电流强度同串联电路中某些点的强度相同。

11.To run a direct current motor, we must connect it to a direct current source.

为了开动直流电机，我们必须把它接到一个直流电源上。

12.It was not until the 19th century, when magnetism was shown to be the product of

electricity, that serious research into the nature of permanent magnetism began.

直到十九世界证明了磁是电生产的时候，人们才开始对永久磁性的本质作认真的研究。

13.A minimum electric power system is shown in Fig.1, a combination of an energy

source, a prime mover, a generator, and a load.

最小的电力系统如图1所示，它由能源，原动机，发电机和负载构成。14.The primary concern of electrical engineering is the doing of work by the delivery

of energy.

电工学主要关注的是通过输送能量做功的过程。

15.Magnets have characteristics similar to electric charges in that like magnetic doles

repel each other and unlike magnetic Doles attract each other.

磁铁具有与电荷相似的特征：同磁极相斥，异磁极相吸。

中篇第四章（25个）

1.It is believed that oil is derived from marine plant and animal life.

人们认为，石油来源于海生动植物。

2.The application of the innovative design makes the electric machine become

smaller and more efficient.

由于在设计方面的革新，电机的体积变小而且效率提高。

3.Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear.

这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。

4.Gases differ from solids in that the former have greater compressibility than the

later.

气体和固体的区别在于前者比后者有更大的可压缩性。

5.The new equipments feature wide working low voltage operation and high

reliability.

新设备具有工作电压低和可靠性高的特点。

6.The function of a fuse is to protect the circuit.

电熔丝的作用是保护电路。

7.The new equipments provide a relatively small loss of energy.

新设备的能耗较小。

8.The energy transmission in a thermal power plant mostly relates to thermal energy

transmission.

火电厂的能量传递大多与热能传递相关。

9.Hydroelectric stations offer quite a number of advantages over their thermal and

nuclear counterparts.

与火电厂和核电厂相比，水电厂有很大的优势

10.When a spring is tightly stretched, it is ready to do work.

拉紧的弹簧随时可以做功。

11.Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in

nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has strong affinity.

铝总是和其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是和氧结合在一起，因为铝对氧有很强的亲和力。由于这个原因，在自然界中任何地方都找不到游离状态的铝；

所以一直到十九世纪人们才知道有铝。

12.The close spacing of conductors and the presence of solid insulation between them

results in the capacitance of cables being much greater per unit length than that of overhead lines.

（电缆）导线间间距极近并存在着绝缘物，这会在电缆中产生电容。其每一单位长度的电容量较架空线路每一单位长度的电容量大得多。

13.Great efforts will be made to achieve advancement and independent innovation of

technology, which will lead to improved safety and cost-efficiency of nuclear power reactors and competitiveness of nuclear power.

我们将更努力实现先进的技术和技术的自我更新，这将提高核反应堆的安全和成本效益及核电的综合性能。

14.When you use a computer to process information, you must have input, which is

the data you will deal with; you must process the data, which is the act of doing something with data according to instructions, and you must have output, which is the result of your processing.

使用计算机处理信息时，必须输入所要处理的数据；同时必须按工作指令处理这些数据；最后，还必须有输出，即处理的结果。

15.Thermal power plants are those which make use of fuels like coal, petroleum and

natural gas.

火电厂是利用煤，石油，天然气等作为燃料的发电厂。

16.Newton created a planetary dynamics which was so successful that for many years

scientists complained that nothing was left to be done.

牛顿创立的天体力学简直是天衣无缝，以至许多年来科学家们抱怨无空可补。

17.The equivalent circuits, being descriptive and simple , are very useful for the

solution to a number of problems.

由于该等值电路表达清楚、结构简单，因此对求解许多问题非常有用。

18.Wherever conductors are needed, insulators will be indispensable.

凡是需要导体的地方，就缺不了绝缘体。

19.Animals, although they need some inorganic food, cannot live on it alone.

尽管动物需要无机物的营养，但是却不能单独以此维持生命。

20.The progress study of thermodynamics is such that experts can predict which

processes or reactions might occur spontaneously.

热力学的研究取得了一些进展，专家们能够就此预测那些过程或反应可以自发地进行。

21.The advantage of rolling bearing is that they cause less friction.

滚动轴承的优点是它产生的摩擦力较小。

22.There is little doubt that human beings and computers are getting more friendly.

人类和计算机的关系日益密切，这一点没什么可怀疑的。

23.Obviously there was little probability that they would succeed in electrolysis.

很明显，他们在电解方面成功的可能性是极小的。

24.Scientists have already known that under the extreme temperatures, say 260℃,

metal pre-sent zero resistance, that is, superconductivity of metal.

科学家们已经了解到，在极端的温度下，比如零下260度，金属呈零电阻，也就是说，金属具有超导性。

25.The principal objection to arc lighting was its high intensity, making it unsuitable

for most indoor applications.

人们反对孤光等，主要是由于其灯光强度高，因而，不适用于大多数的室内照明。

中篇第五章（共10个）

1.The airplane is supported by the wings; it is propelled by the power plants; it is

guided by its control surfaces.

飞机靠机翼支撑，靠动力装置推进，靠操纵面导向。

2.The test instrument is joined to the circuit with the help of a fuzzy control the

concepts presented here need not be implemented starting from scratch.

将测试仪器连接到电路上，并断开所有开关，使电路没有电流。

3.It should be noted that increasing the length of the wire will increase its resistance.

应当注意，增加导线长度会增加其电阻。

4.But for friction, the driving wheel would not run the belt, neither would the belt

run the wheel to be driven.

要是没有摩擦力，主动轮就不能带动皮带，皮带也就不能带动被动轮。

5.Not only should every machine get frequent lubrication, but each part should have

the right kind of lubrication.

不但每台机器必须经常润滑，就是每个零件也应该采用适当种类的润滑剂进行润滑。

6.Should the current be cut off, coil would return to its original position.

如果切断电流，线圈即恢复原来的位置。

7.Set an object in motion, and it will keep on moving because of its inertia.

是物体运动起来，它就会因惯性作用而继续运动。

8.There was expected to be a radial electrostatic field near the earth’s surface.

当时预期在地球表面附近有一径向静电场。

9.If the resistance of the circuit is high, the current will decrease rapidly, but a high

induced e.m.f. will result.

如果电路的电阻高，电流就会迅速减小，但会产生强的感应电动势。

10.Since 1964, Alcan has been digital computers to help control and optimize the

output of its various processes.

自1964年以来，加拿大铝业公司一直在利用数字计算机来帮忙控制公司的各种生产过程和使该过程的生产最佳化。

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西南石油大学 博士研究生英语结业考试题 专业名称： 课程名称：科技英语翻译 学生姓名： 学生学号：

Part One Translate the Following into Chinese I Words Translation（例：laser 激光） 1、asbestos 石棉 2、camshaft 凸轮轴 3、resistor 电阻器 4、capacitor 电容器 5、transistor 晶体管 6、chemical 化学制品 7、heat-pipe 热管 8、heat-pump 热泵 9、steroid 类固醇 10、quantum 量子 11、mosaic 马赛克 12、bumper 缓冲器 13、resistance 电阻 14、contact 触点 15、waveform 波形 16、radwaste 放射性废物 17、nukes 核武器 18、LCD 液晶显示屏 19、SMS 存储管理服务 20、anode 阳极

II Sentence Translation （例：Action is equal to reaction, but it acts in a contrary direction. 作用力与反作用力大小相等，方向相反。） 1、The automobile with automatic transmission has smooth gear shifting and convenient operation. 装有自动变速器的汽车换档平稳、操作方便。 2、Automation is a concept through which a machine system is caused to operate with maximum efficiency by means of adequate measurement, observation, and control of its behavior. 自动化是一个概念，它是通过大量的测量、观察，控制机器系统运行的最大效率。 3、Larger fiber bandwidth, lower loss and more reliable optical source would make optical fibers competitive in this section. 更大的光纤带宽，较低的损失和更可靠的光源使得光纤更具竞争力。 4、Seismic measurements of travel time and amplitude would define the subsurface. 地层是通过地震测量时间和振幅来定义的。 5、The harder the rock, so much the more difficult is the work of drilling, though few types are sufficiently hard to be allowed to remain after blasting without a lining of masonry or concrete. 因为极少有坚硬的岩石能在未灌注水泥情况下保持原样，所以，岩石越坚硬，钻井越困难。 6、For any machine whose input force and output force are known, its mechanical advantage can be calculated. 若已知机器的输入力和输出力，则可以计算其机械优势。 7、Conversion to electric power represents a practical means of transferring geothermal energy. However, the price of the conversion is a substantial loss of energy, and further losses occur in transmission and in the subsequent use of it. 电能转换实际是一种地热能转换的方法。然而，其代价是很大转换能量损失和使用过程中的运输损失。 8、The crust and mantle are separated by a seismically determined boundary known as the Moho-discontinuity. 地壳和地幔的分界面称为莫霍面。 9、The burnish machine is used for surface treatment before the cold rolling for CPD material, and hence is one of the key installations for CPD material production. 打磨机是用于CPD的冷轧材料、涂装前的表面处理，因此是CPD材料生产的关键设备之一。 10、The value of R by (18) may be in error by as much as 20%, as shown in the table. Doctor Jackson will meet his Waterloo if he puts the data into practice. R值(18)可能有高达20%的误差，如表所示。Jackson博士如果将他的数据应用于

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