Unit 3 Born to Win新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译

Unit 3 Born to Win

Born to Win

You cannot teach a man anything. You can only help him discover it within himself.

— Galileo

[1] Each human being is born as something unique , something that never existed before. Each person is born with what he needs to win at life. A normal person can see, hear, touch, taste, and think for himself. Each has his own unique potentials —his capabilities and limitations. Each can be an important, thinking, aware, and creatively productive person in his own right — a winner.

[2] The words “winner” and “loser” have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose. Instead a winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive , both as an individual and as a member of a society. A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.

[3] Few people are winners or losers all the time. It's a matter of degree . However, once a person has the capacity to be a winner, his chances are greater for becoming even more so…

[4] Achievement is not the most important thing for winners; genuineness is. The genuine person realizes his own uniqueness and appreciates the uniqueness of others.

[5] A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. He can separate facts from opinion and doesn't pretend to have all the answers. He listens to others, evaluates what they say, but comes to his own conclusions.

[6] A winner is flexible . He does not have to respond in known, rigid ways. He can change his plans when the situation calls for it. A winner has a love for life. He enjoys work, play, food, other people, and the world of nature. Without guilt he enjoys his own accomplishments. Without envy he enjoys the accomplishments of others.

[7] A winner cares about the world and its people. He is not separated from the general problems of society. He tries to improve the quality of life. Even in the face of national and international difficulty, he does not see himself as helpless . He does what he can to make the world a better place.

[8] Although people are born to win, they are also born totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the change from dependence to independence . Losers do not. Somewhere along the line losers begin to avoid becoming independent . This usually begins in childhood. Poor nutrition , cruelty , unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are among the many

experiences that contribute to making people losers.

[9] A loser is held back by his low capacity to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior. He may be unaware of other choices for his life if the path he chooses goes nowhere. He is afraid to try new things. He repeats not only his own mistakes and often repeats those of his family and culture.

[10] A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love. He does not enter into close, honest, direct relationships with others. Instead, he tries to manipulate them into living up to his expectations and channels his energies into living up to their expectations.

生而成功

任何事都不可能由别人来教你，只能在别人的帮助下靠自己去发现。-----伽利略

1每个人生来都是独特的，与众不同的。每个人天生具有要在生活中赢得成功的能力。

每个正常人都能够听、读、触摸、品尝，并且思考自己的事情。每个人都要自己特有的

潜在性——能力和局限性。每个人都能凭自己的本事成为举足轻重、会思考、明事理、

创造性成果颇多的人——一个成功的人。

2“成功者”和“失败者”这两个词有多种意思。当我们把一个人称作成功者时，我们所

指的并不是那种通过优势控制他人、令其失败而获得成功的人。而是一个作出真诚回应

的人，无论是作为个体或是社会的成员他都值得信赖、行动迅速。失败者是一个未能作

出真诚回应的人。

3很少有人是绝对的成功者或失败者。这（失败）只是一个程度问题。然而，当一个

人具备了成为成功者的能力时，（他）经常获得成功的可能性就会更大。

4对成功者来说成就不是最重要的；最重要的是真诚。真诚的人知道自己的独特之处，

也赞赏他人的这一特点。

5成功者是不怕独立思考并运用自己的知识的。他能把客观事实与主观意见区分开

来，而且不会装作能解决一切问题。他倾诉他人、评价他们说的话，却能得出自己的结

论。

6成功者能灵活变通。他遇事不会采用已有的、刻板的方式行事。他能根据形势的需

要改变自己的计划。成功者热爱生活。他乐于工作、喜爱游玩、享受美食、欣赏他人和

自然带来的乐趣。他心安理得地从自己的成就中享受乐趣。（他）也毫无妒忌地欣赏他

人的成绩。

7成功者关心天下、关爱世人。他关注社会上普遍存在的问题。他努力提高生活质量。

即使面对国内和国际上的难题，他也不会认为自己是无能为力的。他尽己所能，使世界

变得更美好。

8即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来就要完全依赖于周围环境的。成功者顺利地

完成从依赖到独立的转变。失败者则没有做到这一点。在这一过程中的某个时候失败者

开始回避独立。这种情况通常始于童年时期。营养不良、非人道待遇、不愉快的人际关

系、疾病、长期的失望，以及身体护理不足等经历都会促使人们成为失败者。

9失败者不善于通过一系列可能采取的作为来恰当地展现自己，这阻碍了他获取成

功。如果他所选择的生活道路毫无前途的话，他可能不知道对自己的生活还可以有其他

选择。他不敢尝试新食物。他不仅重复自身的错误而且常常重复自己家庭和文化群体的

错误。

10一个失败者很难去爱别人，也很难得到别人的爱。他不知道和家人建立亲密、真诚、

直接的关系。相反，他试图使别人按照他的期望生活，也努力使自己按他人的期望生活。

Better Late than Never

[1] He was lying there in the grass, hiding and thinking.

[2] He had studied the little girl's habits. He knew she would come outside her grandfather's house mid-afternoon to play.

[3] He hated himself for this.

[4] In his whole miserable life he'd never considered anything so callous as kidnapping.

[5] Yet here he was, lying in the grass, hidden by trees from the house, waiting for an innocent , red-haired, two-year-old girl to come within reach.

[6] It was a long wait; there was time to think.

[7] Maybe all his life Harlan had been in too much of a hurry .

[8] He was five when his Hoosier farmer father had died.

[9] At fourteen he dropped out of Greenwood School and hit the road .

[10] He tried odd jobs as a farmhand, hated it.

[11] Tried being a bus conductor and hated that.

12] At sixteen he lied about his age and joined the Army—and hated that, too. When his one-year enlistment was up he headed for Alabama [N], tried blacksmithing and failed.

[13] He became a railroad locomotive fireman with the Southern Railroad. He liked that. Figured maybe he had found himself.

[14] At eighteen he got married, and within months, wouldn't you know she announced she was pregnant the day he announced he'd been fired again?

[15] Then, one day, while he was out job hunting , his young wife gave away all their possessions and went home to her parents.

[16] Then came the depression .

[17] Harlan couldn't win for losing, as they said.

[18] He really tried.

[19] Once, while working at a succession of railroad jobs, he tried studying law by correspondence .

[20] But he dropped out of that, too.

[21] He tried selling insurance , selling tires.

[22] He tried running a ferryboat , running a filling station. No use.

[23] Face it—Harlan was a loser.

[24] And now here he was hiding in the weeds outside Roanoke , Virginia , planning

a kidnapping .

[25] As I say, he'd watched the little girl's habits, and knew about her afternoon playtime .

[26] But, this one day, she did not come out to play, so his chain of failures remained unbroken .

[27] Late in life he became chief cook and bottle washer at a restaurant in Corbin. And did all right until the new highway bypassed the restaurant.

[28] And then his expected life span ran out .

[29] He was not the first man nor would he be the last to arrive at the twilight of life with nothing to show for it.

[30] The bluebird of happiness, or whatever, had always flown just out of reach.

[31] He'd stayed honest—except for that one time when he had attempted kidnapping. In fairness to his name it must be noted that it was his own daughter he'd meant to kidnap from his runaway wife.

[32] And they both returned to him, the next day, anyway.

[33] But now the years had passed by and a lifetime was gone and he and they had nothing.

[34] He had not really felt old until that day the postman brought his first Social Security check. That day, something within Harlan resented , resisted , and exploded.

[35] The Government was feeling sorry for him.

[36] It was time to give up and retire .

[37] His restaurant customers in Corbin said they'd miss him, but his Government said sixty-five candles on the birthday cake is enough. They sent him a pension check and told him he was “old”.

[38] He said, “Nuts.”

[39] And he got so angry he took that $105 check and started a new business.

[40] Today that business is still prospering . For over twenty years until his death he

carried on with remarkable success.

[41] For the man who failed at everything but one thing... the man who might have been a law-breaking kidnapper had he not also failed at that ... the man who never got started until it was time to stop... was Harlan Sanders.

[42] The new business he started with his first Social Security check was Kentucky Fried Chicken. Now you know the rest of the story.

迟做总比不做好

1 他躺在草丛中，躲在那儿，同时思索着。

2 他研究了这个小女孩的习惯。他知道下午3点左右她会从祖父的房子里出来玩。

3 他为此痛恨自己。

4 在他整个的悲伤生活中，他还出来没有考虑过任何像绑架这样冷漠无情的事情。

5 然而此时此刻他却躺在草丛里，被树木遮掩着，房子里的人看不见他。他正等待着一个天真无邪、长着红头发、两岁大小的小女孩走过来靠近他。

6 这是一次长久的等待；有时间进行思考。

7 可能在哈伦的一生中，一切都操之过急了。

8 5岁的时候，他那当农民的山地人父亲就去世了。

9 14岁的时候，他就从格林伍德中学辍学，开始到处流浪。

10 他做过农场的临时工，但他不喜欢那工作。

11 他尝试做过公共汽车的售票员，也不喜欢那工作。

12 在16岁的时候，他谎报年龄参了军-----可他也不喜欢当兵。在一年的服役期满后，他前往阿拉巴马州，在那儿试着做铁匠，但没有成功。

13 （后来）他成了南方铁路公司的铁路机车司炉工。他喜欢那工作。以为自己找到了真正的自我。

14 在18岁的时候，他结了婚。你任何想得到，没几个月，就在他说自己又被解雇了的那一天，他妻子说她怀孕了。

15 接着，有一天，当他外出找工作的时候，他年轻的妻子散尽他们家所有的家产回娘家去了。

16 接下来就是经济萧条时期。

17 正如人们所说的那样，哈伦失去的太多，赢不回来了。

18 他确实尝试过。

19 一度，当他在铁路上不断地打各种零工的时候，他尝试过通过函授学习法律。

20 但他也半途而废了。

21 他尝试过卖保险，卖轮胎。

22 他尝试过开渡轮，经营加油站。但都没有用。

23 面对现实吧---哈伦是一个失败者。

24 他现在正躲藏在弗吉尼亚州劳诺克郊外的杂草丛里，筹划一次绑架。

25 就如我所说的，他已经观察过这个小女孩的习惯，知道她下午的玩耍时间。

26 但是，这一天，小女孩却没有出来玩，所以他那失败之链依旧（环环相扣）没有中断。

27 在他后来的生活中，他成了科尔宾一家餐馆的主厨和刷瓶工。一切都挺好，知道有一天新的公路绕餐馆而过。

28 这个时候他已经步入晚年。

29 当走到人生的暮年时还没有任何可以称道的事情，他不是第一个，也不是最后一个。

30 预报幸福的蓝色知更鸟，或者其他什么，总是与他擦肩而过。

31 他一直是诚实的---除了那次他曾试图绑架外。为了对他公平起见，有一点必须指出，他是想从那离家出走的妻子那儿绑架走自己的亲生女儿。

32 不管怎么说，就在第二天，她们又都重新回到了他的身边。

33 但是现在许多年已经过去了，一辈子就要走完，但他和家人还一无所有。

34 他从未感觉到自己老了，直到有一天，邮递员带来了他的第一份社会经济金支票。那一天，哈伦感觉到自己内心在愤恨、抵触、勃然大怒。

35 政府在可怜他！

36 是放弃和退休的时候了！

37 科尔宾那家餐馆的顾客们说他们会想念他的，但是他的政府却说生日蛋糕上有65支蜡烛已经够多了。他们寄来了退休金的支票，并且说他已经“老了”。

38 他说：“呸！混蛋！”

39 他感到十分愤怒，于是他用这105美元的退休金开始了一番新的生意。

40 今天，这份生意仍然兴隆。在他死前的20多年时间里，他一直经营得十分成功。

41 这个事事皆败仅一事成功的人---这个要不是因为失败就成为一个触犯法律的绑架者---这个直到该停止的时候才开始的人---就是哈伦.桑德斯。

42 这份用他第一笔社会经济金启动的生意---就是肯德基炸鸡。接下来的故事你都知道了。

The Pursuit of Excellence

On the road to excellence, nothing can hold back a creative spirit.

[1] When Britain's late, great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, was a young teenager, he attended a public school called Harrow. Young Winston was not a good student; as a matter of fact, he was quite a bad boy. Had he not been the son of the famous Lord Randolph Churchill, he probably would have been expelled from the school. However, he completed his work at Harrow, went on to the university, and then embarked on a great career in the British military , serving in both Africa and India.

[2] At age sixty-seven, he was elected Prime Minister of the British Empire. It was he

who brought great courage to the nation through his speeches and leadership during the dark days Britain faced in World War II.

[3] Toward the very end of his leadership as Prime Minister, the old statesman was invited to address the young boys at his former school, Harrow. In announcing the coming of their great leader, the headmaster said, “Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time—perhaps of all time—our Prime Minister, will be here in a few days to address you, and it will benefit you to listen carefully to whatever advice he may bring you at that time.”

[4] The great day arrived, and the Prime Minister appeared at Harrow. Following a glowing and lengthy introduction by the headmaster, Sir Winston stood up—all five feet, five inches and 235 pounds of him! After he had acknowledged the introduction, he gave this brief but moving speech: “Young men, never give up . Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!”

[5] Background, education, circumstances ... none of these can hold back a creative spirit.

[6] Think, for example, of Abraham Lincoln, who was elected president of the United States in 1860. He grew up on an isolated farm and had only one year of formal education. In those early years, he was exposed to barely half a dozen books. In 1832 he lost his job and was defeated in the race for the Illinois legislature . In 1833 he failed in business. In 1834 he was elected to the state legislature, but in 1835 he was defeated for Speaker of the House, and in 1843 he was defeated for nomination for Congress. In 1846 he was elected to Congress but in 1848 lost the renomination . In 1849 he was rejected for a federal land officer appointment, and in 1854 he was defeated for the Senate . In 1856 he was defeated for the nomination of vice-president, and in 1858 he was again defeated for the Senate.

[7] Many people, both at home and abroad , consider Lincoln to be the greatest president of all time. Yet it should be remembered how many failures and defeats marked his early life and how humble and unpromising his early beginnings were.

追求卓越

在追求卓越的路上，没有什么能阻挡一个有创意的人。

1 当英国伟大的已故首相，温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，还是一个十几岁的孩子时，他在一所名为哈罗的私立学校念书。少年温斯顿不是以为好学生；事实上，他是一个相当顽劣的男孩。他要不是赫赫有名的伦道夫·丘吉尔勋爵的儿子的话，很可能已经被学校开除了。然而，他完成了在哈罗德血液，接着就上了大学。然后，他分别在非洲和印度服役，开始了他在英国军队中的伟大事业。

2 丘吉尔在67岁的时候，当选为大英帝国的首相。在二次世界大战英国面临的那些黑暗日子里，正是他通过自己的演讲和领导艺术，带给了整个民族莫大的勇气。

3 在他首相任期即将结束的时候，这位上了年纪的政治家应邀来到他的母校——哈罗公学，给那里的男孩做演讲。在宣布这位伟大的领导人要来的时候，校长说道：“年轻的先生们，我们这个时代——也许是有史以来——最伟大的演说家，我们的首相将会在几天内来到这里给大家做演讲，解释不管他给大家带来任何忠告，只要你仔细聆听都会受益无穷的。”

4 伟大的日子终于到来了，首相来到了哈罗公学。在校长热情洋溢的长篇介绍致谢之后，他做了简短但感人肺腑的演说：“年轻人，永远不要放弃。永远不要放弃！永远不要放弃！永远，永远，永远，永远！”

5 家庭背景，教育程度，生长环境·····所有这一切都不能阻挡一个富有创造力的人。

6 想一想，比如说，亚伯拉罕·林肯，他曾与1860年当选为美国总统。他在一个偏僻的农场长大，仅受过一年的正规教育。在早年的那些日子里，他能接触到的书几乎连6本都不到。1832年，他丢掉了自己的工作，而且在尹利诺斯州议会的竞选中被打败。1833年，他又遭遇生意失败。到了1834他又被选进了州议会。但是1835年，在竞选美国众议院时他失败了。1843年，他在国会议员提名中被击败。1846年，他入选国会，但是1848年，他没有得到重新提名的机会。1849年，在任命联邦土地官时他被淘汰。1854年，他又在竞选中失利，没能进入参议院。到了1856年，在副总统提名时他就被击败，1858年，他在入选参议院的竞争中又一次被击败。

7 国内外很多人都以为林肯是古往今来最伟大的总统。但是有一点必须记住：他早年的生涯中充满了失利和失败，而且他的人生初期是多么卑微，前途暗淡。

必修一课文及翻译

必修一 Unit 1 Friendship ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in Netherlands during Would WarⅡ.Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazi .She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said ,”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do ,but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty .”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the windo w had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…. …Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains han ging before very dusty windows. it’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Your, Anne 安妮最好的朋友 你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记当作自己最好的朋友。 在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国的纳粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了将近25个月之后才被发现。在那段时期，她的日记成了她唯一忠实的朋友。她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫做基蒂。”现在，来看看安妮自1942年7月起躲进藏身处后的那种心情吧。 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我太久不能出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神

Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译讲课稿

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高中英语必修一课文及其翻译

Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne

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Book 1 Translation Exercises Unit 1 Translation 1) 我累了。昨晚我不该那么晚睡觉。(should not + 动词完成式) 2) 我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔一起出去喝一杯。(occasional) 3) 我们应该到火车站接她。(be supposed to) 4) 你可以清楚地看到有人快要淹死, 而你却没有采取行动救他们。(drown, take action) 5) 包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。(including) 6) 如果不立即采取行动，许多种野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。(without, hunger) I’m tired. I shouldn’t have gone to bed so late last night. I don’t/didn’t know Bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together. We’re supposed to meet her at the train station. You could clearly see people drowning, but/and yet you took no action to save them. Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents. Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger. Unit 2 Translation 1) 那首歌总是使她回想起在芝加哥度过的那个夜晚。(remind…of…) 2) 街角处刚巧有一位警察，我便向他问路。(happen to, corner) 3) 由于天气恶劣，今天所有去纽约的航班都延误了。(delay) 4) 谁有责任谁就必须赔偿损失。(whoever, responsible) 5) 我找不到我的支票簿。我准是把它留在家里了。(checkbook, must have) 6) 到足球比赛快开始时，暴风雨已经停了。(by the time) That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago. There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way. All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather. Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage. I can’t find my checkbook. I must have left it at home. By the time the football match was going to start, the storm had already stopped. Unit 3 Translation 1) 除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。(unless) 2) 我把大部分时间花在研究中美文化的差异上了。(spend) 3) 这句话意思极清楚，决不会引起误解。(so…that) 4) 他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。(more than) 5) 穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。(or) 6) 她的收藏品中增加了一张毕加索(Picasso)的画。(add…to…) 7) 我没意识到以前曾来过这儿。(be aware of) 8) 如果你继续对每个人这么粗鲁，你很快就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。(find oneself without) 1）You won’t get the job unless you’ve got the experience. 2) Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. The statement/sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. He wishes that he could give her more help than he does. She has added a Picasso to his collection.

赤壁之战 翻译

赤壁之战翻译 当初，鲁肃听说刘表死，就对孙权说：“荆州与我国接邻，地理形势险要、坚固，肥沃的土地方圆万里，百姓殷实富裕，如果占有它，这就是开创帝王事业的凭借。现在刘表刚死，他（刘表）的两个儿子（刘琦、刘琮）不和，军队中的那些将领，有的拥戴刘琦，有的拥戴刘琮。 刘备是天下的豪杰，跟曹操有仇，寄居在刘表那里，刘表嫉妒他的才能而不重用（他）。如果刘备同他们（指原属刘表手下的人）荆州方面的人同心协力，上下一致，（我们）就应当安抚他们，与他们结盟友好；如果他们有所背离（指刘表和荆州将领不能合作），（我们）就该另外筹划这件事情，以成就（我们的）大业。我请求奉您之命去慰问刘表的两个儿子，并慰劳（他们）军中掌权的人物，以及劝说刘备使他安抚刘表的部下，同心一意，共同对付曹操，刘备一定会高兴而听从我们的意见。如果这件事能够成功，天下就可以安定下来了。现在不赶快前往，恐怕就被曹操占了先（抢先）。”孙权立刻派鲁肃前往。（鲁肃）到夏口，听说曹操已向荆州进军，（于是）日夜赶路，等（鲁肃）到了南郡，（刘表的二儿子）刘琮已投降曹操，刘备向南逃跑，鲁肃直接迎向前去，与刘备在当阳县长坂坡相会。鲁肃转达孙权的意旨，（和刘备）讨论天下大事和当前行势，表示恳切慰问的心意，并且问刘备说：“刘豫州现在想到哪里去？”刘备说：“我和苍梧太守吴巨有老交情，想去投奔他。”鲁肃说：“孙讨虏（孙权，曹操曾以汉献帝的名义授给他讨虏将军的名号）将军聪明仁惠，敬重以礼相待贤能之士，江南的英雄豪杰都归附他，已经占据了六个郡，兵精粮足，足够用来成就大业。现在为您打算，不如派遣最亲信的人，主动同东边吴国结盟，以共同成就一番世代相传的事业。（但是您）却打算投奔吴巨，吴巨是个平庸的人，又处在偏僻边远的州郡，快要被别人吞并了，（这样的人）难道可以托身吗？”刘备（听了）很高兴。鲁肃又对诸葛亮说：“我是子瑜的朋友。”就同刘备等定下了交情。（另译）两个人随即（也因子瑜的关系）交了朋友。子瑜就是诸葛亮的哥哥诸葛瑾，在江东避乱，（现在做）孙权的长史。刘备采纳了鲁肃的建议，（率兵）进驻鄂县的樊口。 曹操从江陵将要顺着长江东下，诸葛亮对刘备说：“事情很危急，请（让我）奉命向孙将军求救。”于是就同鲁肃一起去拜见孙权。诸葛亮在柴桑会见到了孙权，劝孙权说：“（现在）天下大乱，将军（您）在江东起兵，刘豫州在汉水以南招收兵马，同曹操共同争夺天下。现在曹操削平大乱（消灭各地割据势力），（中原地区）大致已稳定局面，就（南下）攻破荆州，声威震动天下。英雄没有施展武力的地方了，所以刘豫州逃到这里，希望将军估量自己的力量来对付这个局面！ 如果能够拿（江东）吴、越的兵力同中原（的曹操）对抗，不如趁早同他断绝关系；如果不能，为什么不放下武器、捆起铠甲，向（曹操）投降（向北朝拜称臣）呢！现在将军外表上假托服从（曹操）的名义，而内心里却怀着犹豫不决的心思，事情紧迫而又不能决断，灾祸降临就没有多少时候了！”孙权说：“假若像您所说，刘豫州为什么不投降曹操呢？”诸葛亮说：“田横，（不过是）齐国的一个壮士罢了，还能恪守节义不肯受辱；何况刘豫州（是）汉王室的后代，英明才智超过当世，众人仰慕敬重他，好像水流入大海一样。如果大事不能成功，就是天意，又怎能甘心屈服在曹操之下呢？”孙权激怒的说：“我不能拿整个东吴的土地，十多万将士，来受别人控制，我的主意已经决定