英语词汇学课后题原题及答案整理缩印版

下列定义所表示的名称:

1.a minimum unit of meaning :(morpheme)

2。a morpheme to which affixescan be added : （root)

3。a linguistic form that can occur as an independent word：（free form）

4.a morpheme that must occur with at least one other morpheme：（bound form)

5。a bound morpheme attached to a base (root or stem)：（affix）

6。an affix attached to the beginning of a base (root or stem )：（prefix）

7.an affix attached to the end of a base (root or stem）: （suffix）

8。an affix （in English,usually a suffix) that changes the form of a word without changing its part of speech or basic meaning：(inflectional affix)

9.the process by which noninfectional affixes are added to roots to form words：（derivation)

10。the process of joining together two linguistic forms which can function independently ：(compounding)

各组单词中共同的粘着词根、其词源及语义:

1。acoustic，acoustical,acoumeter,acoustician,acoustics,acouphone:（acou—听，GK) 2aerodomestics,erodrome，erodynamic，aerofoil,aerogramme,aerolite，aerography,aeronautics，aerophysics,aeroplane,aerosphere: （aero—空气GK）

3。agenda,agent，agile, active,actor,actual,enact，inactive，transact,interact，react：（ag —，ac-做L)

4。agrarian,agricultural,agriculture，agrimotor，agrobiology，agrochemical,agrology，agronomic,agronomy,agrostology，agrotechnique，agrotechny,agrotown,agrotype：（agr —土地L）

5。altimeter，altimetry，altitude，alto，exalt,contralto: (alt-高L）

6.amateur,amatory，amiable,amicable，amorous,enamoured,unamiable：（am-，amor—爱L)

7。Ample，ampleness，amply,amplidyne,amplification,amplifier,amplify,amplitude，radioamplifier：（ampl-充足L）

8.annals,annual，perennial，centennial,annuity,biennial: (ann-年L)

9anthropology，philanthropist,misanthropical，anthropotomy，anthropogeneses,anthropography，anthropophagus：(anthrop- 人类GK）

10aqualung，aquanaut，aquaplane,aquanelle,aquarium，aquatic，aqueous，aquiculture，aquosity,subaquatic,subaqueous，terraqueous，aqueduct：（aqu—水L）

11archangel，archbishop，arch-criminal，archdeacon,archdiocese,archenemy,archfiend: （arch- 首要GK)

12asterisk，asterism，asteroid,astrodome,astrodynamics,astrograph,astrologer,astrology，astronautics,astronavigation，astronomer,astronomy：（astr- 星GK）

13atmosphere,atmolysis,atmometer，atmeter，atmoseal，atmospherics:（atmo-气体GK）14audible,audibility,inaudible，audience,audiology,audio—visual，audiometer,audiophile,audiophile，audition，auditor，auditorium：（aud- 听L)

15atoalarm,autobiographer,autoboat，autobus，autochrome，autoclave，autocrat,autograph，autoinfection，automate，automatic,automation,automobile，autonomy,autotruck，autotype：(auto—自己GK)

16barodynamics，barogram，barograph,barometric，barothermograph:（bar-压力GK) 17bathymeter，bathymetric,bathysphere,bathythermograph：(bathy—深海的GK)

18Bible,bibliofilm,bibliography,bibliology，bibliolater，bibliomania，bibliophile,bibliophilism，bibliopole，bibliotheca,bibliotic，bibliotist：（biblio—书籍GK)

19bioassay，biocatalyst，biochemistry,biocide，bioclean，bioclimatic,bioclimatolgy，bioelectricity，biology,biogeneses,biogenic,biogeography,biography,biometerology，bionics，bioscope，biosyntheses，biotic: （bio—生命GK)

20.Breve,breviary，brevirostrate,brevity,brief，abbreviate,abridge: (bre—简短L)

用否定前缀in-（及其变体）,non-,un—构成下列单词的反义词：mature:im regular：ir considerate：in noble:in contentious:non legitimate：il metal:non passive:im ferrous:non accuracy：in endurable:un variance：in inductive：non legible:il reasonable：un rational:ir scrupulous：un staple：non balance：im legalize：il

写出下列单词中前缀的意义：antecedent: before byproduct: near apocope: off enclose：in endobiotic: inside epitaph: outside expire：out foretell：before hypocrite：beneath include：in infrared：under intercede：between：intramural：within introspect：into outbid: exceeding overwork：beyond postgraduate：after precede: before proceed：forward retrospect:back subscribe：below superman：above supramundane：beyond transmit: across ultraconservatism：extreme

以所列的单词为第一个成分，根据定义写出复合名词

(A)green：1。a stretch of land，round a town,where building is not allowed，so that fields woods,etc,remain：greenbelt 2.a shop—keeper who sells vegetables and fruit：greengrocer 3.a young，inexperienced person,especially male,who is easily cheated：greenhorn

4。a room in a theatre or concert hall where actors musicians，etc。,can rest when not performing :greenroom

(B）hand：1。a small bag for a woman to carry her money and personal things in: handbag

2.a short book giving all the most important information about a subject：handbook

3.an apparatus that stops a vehicle,worked by the driver’s hand: handbreak

4.a bar of wood or metal fixed beside a place where one walks for holding onto，especially near stairs: handrail

(C）after：１。The care or treatment to someone after a period in hospital,prison，etc：aftercare 2.an effect (usually unpleasant）that follows some time after the cause or after the main effect：aftereffect 3。a taste that stays in the mouth after the food that caused it in no longer there : aftertaste 4。an idea that comes later: afterthought (D)sleeping: １a large thick envelope or bag of warm material for sleeping in when camping：sleeping bag ２a railway carriage with beds for passengers：sleeping car ３a pill which helps a person to sleep:sleeping pill

４。a partner in a business who takes no active part in its operation：sleeping partner （E) running :1。 a person with whom another is running for a pair of political positions of greater or less importance,especially those of President and vice—Prisident：running mate 2。handwriting in which the letters are slanted and the words formed without lifting the pen ：running hand3。a headline repeated on consecutive pages （as of a book):running head 4.a footboard especially at the side of an automobile: running board

(F)wash: 1.a large fixed basin for water for washing one’s hands and face：washbasin 2.a movable board with a wavy surface against which clothes may be rubbed

when washing: washboard 3.a woman whose job is to wash clothes，often in

her own home：washerwoman 4.a cloth that is used for washing one’s face

and body ：washcloth

(G）sun：1。the condition of having sore skin after experiencing the effects of

strong sunlight：sunburn 2a flash of sunlight,especially through a break in

clouds: sunburst

3.the time when the sun is seen to disappear as night begins：sunset

4.strong sunlight,as when there are no clouds：sunshine

(H)break:1。aa sudden failure in operation：breakdown

2。the unlawful cantering of a building，using force ：break-in

3.the action of forcing a way through the enemy: breakthrough

4.a division int smaller parts:breakup

（I)out：1.sudden appearance or beginning of something bad:outbreak

2.a public show of anger：outcry3。money spent for a purpose ：outlay

4。a way through which something （usually a liquid or a gas )may go out：

outlet

将下列复合动词译成汉语

Blue-pencil:修改,校正cold-shoulder：冷淡

court—martial：对.。。进行军法审判Handcuff：将。。.上手铐

pitch—fork:骤然；把..。塞进sandbag:用沙袋阻塞

Shipwreck:船只失事short—circuit:使短路

snowball：（滚雪球似的）增长Wisecrack：说俏皮话

找出下列句子中由名词转化的动词(答案为黑体字的原形)

1。A shy，frightened child…”Name the Czar of Russia”

2.At once the villagers formed a circle…

3。Agamermnon with the rest of the Greek army sailed away..

4。Almost before the Trojans could arm themselves..

5。I began to see… would expect a large purse stuffed with..

6.A few years ago the landlady locked the front

7。An upstairs…,questioned the men and …

8。The children headed toward school…

9。Like the…，branching out…

10.An hour went by and darkness still shrouded…

11。They boarded boats

12.The day-to—day…hard to measure，

13。，smog results

14.There are a few success stories in battling air…

15。Pollution can be trapped before

16。If nations traded item

17。She's the one who’s sapped your confidence。

18。…，fairly well dressed but

19。The young… by pocketing the money。

20.But the preparation … to flake off even…

形容词转动词(答案为黑体字的原形）

1。Calming down,…

2。Such was Pompeii … has been cleared away。

3。Houses and clothes must be cleaned more frequently

4。…"helped raise the standard of living and lower the standard of air"

5。…There his father opened a business…

6。The Academy of Science was closed to him

7。…to rise are cooled and…

8。He emptied out…

9。…,and it took half an hour t o free him

10.The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.

动词转名词（答案为黑体字的原形)

1。Why is thisenormous increase in population …to the spread of the …

2。…came to the aid of the surgeon…

3。I know my friends from the feel of their faces。

4。…personalities by touch

5.…，between serves

6。…of his slow grins

7.…an appealing look.

8.…has given rise to these…

9。…as if it were a chew of tobacco.

10。…get rid of Rex。

写出下列报刊标题中使用的截短词的全称

1。US auto workers end strike。（automobile）

2.Soviet sub off Japan。(submarine）

3.Palestinian demos mark massacres。（demonstrations)

4。US：first use of nuke weapons not unlawful。（nuclear）

5。Viet troops suffer setback in Kampuchea.（Vietnamese)

6.Iran asks for into on stolen gems。(information)

7。Petrochemical Corp builds 42 banks.（corporation)

8。Rural-credit co-ops to get more autonomy。（cooperatives)

9.W Europe acts to meet high—tech challenge.(high-technology）

10.Setback for governing parties in Euro vote.（European）

写出下列首字母拼音词的全称并译成汉语

1。AIM：Air Intercept Missile 空中截击导弹

2。BADGE: Base Air Defence Ground Environment 基地防空地面警备系统

3。BAR: Browning Automatic Rifle 勃朗宁自动步枪

4。CAR: Civil Air Regulations 民航条例

5.CORE：Congress of Racial Equality 争取权平等大会

6.DOP: developing—out paper 相纸

7。FIA T: Fabbrica Italiana Automobili 菲亚特汽车公司

8.MAP: Military Aid Program 军事援助计划

9.MOSS：manned orbital space station 在人轨道空站

10。MOUSE：minimum orbital unmanned satellite the earth 不载人的最小

地球卫星

11。NANA：North America Newspaper Alliance 北美报业联盟

12。NA TO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织

13。OPEC；Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组

织

14.SALT: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈

15。SAM: surface—to-air missile 地对空导弹

16。SEA TO：Southeast Asia Treaty Organizaion 东南亚条约组织

17.SHAPE: Supreme Head quarters of Allied Powers in Europe 欧洲盟军最

高司令部

18.UFO :Unidentified Flying Object 不明飞行物

19.Vera: Vision electronic recording apparatus 电子录像机

20.Zip：Zone improvement plan 邮政编码制度

写出下列复合动词是什么词逆生而来

1。globe-trot:globe-trotter 2.。brainwash：brainwashing 3。ghost-write：

ghost—writer 4.sleep-walk：sleep-walker 5。spoon-feed:spoon—fed

6。air-condition:air—conditioning 7.book—keep：book-keeper

8.browbeat：browbeating 9。。caretake：caretaker 10。gatecrash：

gatecrasher 11。housebreak:housebreaker 12。housekeep：

housekeeper 13.mass-produce:mass-production 14。muckrake:muckraker

15。proof-read：proof-reading 16。sightsee:sightseeing 17。

stage-manage：stage—manager 18.merry-make：merry—making 19。

street—walk:street-walker 20。window—shop:window-shopping

下列概念意义可以用什么英语单词确切的表达出来：

A.1.to walk laboriously，with effort:pold,trudge

2。to walk like a duck:waddle

3。to walk in a pompous or affected manner:struct

4。to slide and drag the feet：stagger

5。to walk in a loose,ungainly way：slouch

6。to walk with long steps：stride

7。to walk affectedly with short steps：mince

8。to walk slowly，wasting time：dawdle

9。to walk as if wearing slippers：shuffle

10.to walk in a busy，active way:hustle

B.1。to speak in a slow，prolonged manner：drawl

2。to make involuntary breaks in utterance：stammer

3.to express displeasure with compressed lips：mutter

4.to talk rapidly，making inarticulate sounds:gabble

5。to pronounce the sibilant letter imperfectly:lisp

6。to have a friendly talk about family things：chat,yarn

7.to spread idle gossipe:tattle

8.to talk on and an about trifling,childish things:prattle

9。to speak with contempt：sneer

10.to speak fanatically:rave

根据下列动物的属性，指出他们的象征意义:

1.ant：frugality and provision 2。ape：

uncleanness,malice,lust 3.bat：blindness

4.bear:ill-temper 5。bee：industey 6.bull：

strength 7.calf:lumpshness

8.camel:submission 9.cat:deceit

10.cock:vigilance 11.crocodile:hypocrisy 12。crow：

longevity 13。dog：fidelity 14。dove：

innocence 15.eagle:majesty 16.elephant：

sagacity 17fly：feebleness 18.fox:cunning

19goose:conceit 20。hare：timidity

下列名词都来自古英语,写出与下列名词对应的源拉丁语的形容词：

1.brother:fraternal

2.Cat:feline 3。child：puerile

4。daughter：filial 5。day:diurnal 6.dog:canine

7。ear：auricular 8。earth:terrestrial 9.egg:oval

10.eye:ocular 11。father:paternal 12。fire:igneous 13。foe：

hostile 14。fox：vulpine 15.friend:amicable

16.hand:manual 17。head：capital 18。heart:cordial 19.heaven：

celestial 20。horse：equine 21。husband：marital

22.kidney:renal 23。knight：equestrian 24。life:vital

25.light:lucid 26.lip:labial 27。man:human https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,k：

lactic 29.mind:mental 30。moon：lunar 31。

mother:maternal 32。mouth:oral 33。name：nominal 34。

night:nocturnal 35。nose：nasal 36。ox：bovine

37.room:spacious 38。sea:marine 39. sheep:ovine

40.sight:visible 41.skin:cutaneous 42.son:filial 43。

spring:vernal 44.stream：fluvial 45。star：stellar

46.sun:solar 47.time:temporal 48。tongue:lingual

49.tooth:dental 50。town：urban 51.tree:arboreal

52.truth：veracious 53。war:bellicose 54。water：aqueous

55。wife：conjugal 56。world:mundane 57。worm:vermicular

58.woman:feminine 59.youth：juvenile 60。book：literaey

选择适当的单词填入句子

1。He waited with（bated）breath。

2。The brother and sister are both （blondes）.

3。There is a （break)in the clouds。

4.Her (bridal) grown was trimmed with lace.

5。A （pedal）of the bicycle fell off.

6。Cromwell （reigned）over England like a king.

7。The wreckers began to (raze）the building.

8.Although we watched carefully,the guard remained （stationary）for one

hour.

9。Edgar cannot sail until he has a full （complement）of men for his crew，

and …。.

10.Eric was a tireless scholar,he would (pore）over his books without a break

until….

将下列各组词分别填入句子

A 1 。John’nature was so （sanguine) that we all felt cheered up….

2。The battle was so （sanguinary）that hardly a combatant ….。。

B 1。We could not have a worse judge than the one we had，he was

completely (uninterested）in the case and …..

2. We could not have a better judge than Judge Blandford；he was friendly，

knowledgeable,and above all completely (disinterested)。

C 1。Although we played them on even terms for the first half,the second half was a

(rout）. 2. To get to our cottage you follow (route)…。

D 1。The （official）in charge of the game…

2。Time was so （officious）in his new job…。。

E 1. The dress was made of synthetic （material)。

2. The general needs more troops and (materiel)。

F 1. The （moral）of the story….

2. The (morale) of our troops is high。

G 1。All men are （fallible).

2。The argument,convincing ……。。to be (fallacious).

H 1。Some say Shakespeare takes (precedence) over all ….

2. There was no （precedent）for the granting of a ….

I 1. John,who was sullen and （taciturn）by nature,found that …。

2. They arrived at a (tacit) agreement。

J 1。The building plans are (impracticable)。

2。My husband …。。,but he is so (unpractical）that he cannot …

用英语解释下列句子中help 及其派生词的意义

1。If you want to lose some weight,Jim,you must start avoiding second helpings。（second

servings)

2。“God help me ！”he murmured…..（protest）

3。He gave us a helping hand when we were in trouble.(i.e。he helped us）

4. Yes,I know he’s a rascal,but I can’t help liking him.( i。e。I can’t but like him)

5。Did you have any help from anyone with ….。（assistance）

6.Don’t be away longer than you can help。(avoid)

7。I do think you could have been a bit more helpful 。（ready or willing to assist)

8。“Help!Help! I’m drowning !”（Save me)

9.I am very sorry but I can’t help it 。（i.e.I can’t do otherwise）

10. Can I help you in any way ?（assist you）

11。We are a bit hard up this month，my dear，so don’t spend more than you can help .

（avoid)

12. Give me only a very small helping,please.(serving)

13。I’m telling you the truth，so help me God!( i.e.May God punish me if I am not ！）

14.We’re awfully sorry that we were giggling –but we couldn’t help it .( i.e。do anything

to stop it ）

15.Would you help me to carry this suitcase,please?(assist）

16.Would you help me to some potatoes,please ?（i.e。serve me with)

17.Your liver is not in a very good condition …….if I could help it .(avoid)

18.Your presence was extremely helpful,…(i。e。it gave great assistance）

19。The helping you gave me would have fed a football team !(serving）

20。The whisky is on the table…Help yourself.（i。e。Take what you want，when you

want it )

写出下列各组同义词的共同基本意义

1Sorrow，grief，anguish …..（distress of mind ）

2Bad,evil,wicked,…（not ethically acceptable ）

3Regard,respect ,esteem …（to recognize the worth of a person or thing ）

4Disprove，refute, confute…（to show or try to show by presenting evidence thar

something is not true）

5.Incline，bias,dispose …（to influence one to have or take an attitude toward

something ）

6.Level，flat，plane …(having a surface without bends，curves or irregularities ）

7。Generous,liberal，liberate，…。（giving freely and unstingily）

8。Free，release,liberate, …(to loose from constraint or restraint )

9。Frank，candid，open…（show willingness to say what one things or feels）

10Envious,jealous （begrudging another's possession of something )

11Assert,declare，affirm,protest …（to state or put forward positively，usually in

anticipation of or in the face denial or objection ）

12. Aggressive,militant，assertive…(conspicuously or obtrusively active or energetic ）

13。Agile，polite…。(acting or moving with easy alacrity)

14.Civil,polite,gallant …(observant of forms required by good breeding )

15。V ociferous，clamorous，blatant，…(so loud or insistent as to compel attention）

16。Bear，suffer，endure …（to put up with something trying or painful )

17。Decrease,lessen,diminish…（to grow or make less )

18.Heritage，inheritance，patrimony…（something received from a parent or

predecessor)

19。Keep retain,detain .。（to hold in one’s possession or under one’s control)

20.Bare,naked nude …(deprived of naturally or conventionally appropriate covering)

指出并改正误用词语

1。The convict paced within the ….（confound）应改为（confines）

2.I remember the name，but …..（replace )…（recall）

3。His antisocial behaviour results from lack of…。.（formidable)… （formative)

4。When I grow up I want to be a…。。(pronouncer）…（announcer)

5.He left enough leave—way for …。（leave-way)…(leeway）

6.The flagrance of her….（flagrance)…(fragrance）

7.I found the Orien tal dishes…。(palpable) …（palatable）

8。The corpse had been so dissected over….（dissected)…（dislocated)

9.The colonel's appearance was so marital with…。（marital )…(martial）

10。Our elementary needs were planned for…..(elementary)..（alimentary)

11。It is hoped that this course will enlarge…。（perimeter)…(parameter）

12.If we look long enough in this material we…（statue)…（statute）

13.He desserted his friends just when they needed him 。（desserted）…（deserted)

14.Kurt had been innocuous against influenza,but he….（inno cuous)…(inoculated）

15.Eric was so ingenuous about household….（ingenuous)..（ingenious)

16.The dinosaurs may have been unable to adopt…(adopt）…（adapt）

17。After their brief alteration they shook hands,…(alteration ）。.(altercation）

18.The game came to a clima tic finish with …(climatic)…（climactic)

19.The mountain lions are all extant in the mountains；not….(extant）…(extinct)

20。Mother’s dreams were irreverent to the …(irreverent）。。(irrelevant）

用否定前缀写出下列单词的反义词

1arm：disarm 2.honour:dishonor 3.join：disjoin 4。

legible:illegible

5。legitimate:illegitimate 6。mature:immature 7.moderate:immoderate 8。fertile:infertile 9。sanitary：insanitary 10.resolute：irresolute 11.reverent:irreverent 12.trust:mistrust 13。fit：misfit 14.understand：misunderstand 15。adjacent：nonadjacent 16.existence：nonexistence 17。alliance：non-alliance 18.conscious：unconscious 19.intelligence：unintelligent 20。symmetrical:unsymmetrical

找出下列各组同义词相应的反义词

A1.fast(slow) 2。rapid(leisurely) 3quick（sluggish) 4。hasty (deliberate）5。speedy （dilatory）

B。1.beautiful (ugly) 2。pretty (plain）3。fair （foul) 4。lovely (unlovely) C。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,e （go) 2。arrive (depart) 3 。reach (leave ) 4 .gain (lose )

D.1。happiness (misery) 2。joy (sorrow) 3。delight(distress）4。enjoyment (suffering）

下列各词都经历了词义范围的变化，a演变前b演变后，判断词义是扩大还是缩小；

1.starve 缩小a。to die b。die or suffer acute ly from hunger

2.person 缩小a。person b。paster

3.box 扩大a。containter made of boxwood b。container in general

4。beef 缩小a。ox b.meat of the ox

5。citizen 扩大a。city b。inhabitant of state or nation

6。voyage 缩小a。journey b。journey by water

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,l 扩大a。place for grinding b.place for milking things

8.frock 扩大 a.garment of a monk b。various kinds of garments

9。dismantle扩大 a.to strip of dress or mantle b。to strip of furniture or equipment 10。campus 缩小 a.field b。grounds of a college

11.operate 缩小a。to perform any operation b。to performance a surgical operation

12.charge 扩大a。load；burden b。task；responsibility,price，etc.

13。drowse 缩小a。to sink b。to sink into sleep

14。layman 扩大a。one who is not of clergy b。one who is not an expert

15。ferry 缩小 a.to carry b.to transport across a river

16。chant 缩小 a.to sing b.to intone

17。butcher 扩大a。one who kills he—goats b。one who kills animals for food

18.chamber扩大a。room b.room; legislative body，etc。

19.hound 缩小a。dog b。hunting dog

20。tail 扩大a。hairy caudal appendage of an animal b.anything like an animal's tail in form or position

现代英语中专门术语进入日常生活并扩大了词义,找出与下列术语对应的一般意义

1.alibi excuse

2.scenario description of a possible

3。charismatic having popular appeal

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,pulsive habitual

5。catalyst any stimulus in hastening a result

6。ambiance quality,feeling,etc。of a place

7。osmosis subtle or gradual absorption or mingling

8。psychology mental processes

9。syndrome distinctive or characteristic patern of behaviour

10。subliminal of which one is not consciously aware

11.parameter determining factor 。characteristic

12。philosophy practical opinion or body of opinions

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,plex obsession of any kind

14.schizophrenia any mental or emotional disorder

15。interface connection

16.neurotic nervous，eccentric,given to worry

17.sadism cruelty

18。bottom line conclusion,clincher

19.paradigm typical example of sth

20.exhibitionism showing off

下列词经历了词义褒贬的变化，a和b是演变前后的词义，判断是褒义化还是贬义化

1。sturdy 褒 a.stern stubborn reckless b.stout vigorous firm

2。reek 贬a。smoke b。stink

3.counterfeit 贬 a.to copy to reproduce b.to imitate with intent to deceive

4.fame 褒 a.rumour report b。celebrity renown

5。mischievous 褒a。disastrous b。playfully annoying

6.civil 褒 a.of itizens b。cultured; courteous

7.smirk 贬a。smile b.simper

8。glamour 褒a。spell；enchantment b.attractiveness;allure

9。busybody 贬a。busy person b。officious and meddlesome person

10.churl 贬 a.freeman b。boor；niggard

11。luxury 褒a。lust b。sumptuousness

12.err 贬a。wander b。go astray

13。chiffon 褒 a.rag b。sheer fabric of silk,etc.

14.brook 贬 a.to enjoy ；to make use of b。to endure；to tolerate

15。elocution 贬a。style of speaking b.studied or artificial style of speaking 16。fair 贬a。beautiful；pleasant b。moderate ；tolerable

17。sergeant褒 a.servant b.non-commissioned officer

18。dizzy 褒 a.foolish b。vertiginous

19。inquisition贬 a.investigation b。persecution

20.sophisticated 褒a。overly complex or refined b.sufficiently complex or knowing

动物名称比喻人,还可转化为动词描绘人的动作,说明下列词的隐喻意义

A.动物名词

1。bull 粗壮的男子 2.butterfly 举止轻浮的人(尤指妇女）

3。cat 刁钻或居心叵测的女子4。dove 温柔或纯真的妇女，儿童；鸽派(美国) 5.goose 傻瓜 6.hawk 掠夺成性的人；骗子;鹰派（美国)

7.jackal 为虎作伥的人;狗腿子8。lamb 温顺的人;小宝贝

9。lion 勇猛异常的男人10.magpie 喋喋不休的人11.mule 执拗或顽固的人12。phoenix 超群出众的

人

13。pig 肮脏或贪吃的人;警察猪猡14.puss 少女或小姑娘

15。serpent 阴险的毒辣的人16.sheep 忸怩,温驯或胆小的人

17。skunk 卑鄙可恶的人18。sucker 容易上当受骗的

人

19。swine 下流坯；鄙俗的人20。vixen 泼

妇

B。动物名称转化为动词1。to crow over 洋洋自得 2.to ferret 搜

索

3.to fish for 探求;绕弯打听

4.to gull 欺骗，使人上当

5.to hound 追逐逼迫

6.to monkey 胡闹；嘲弄；模仿

7。to parrot 机械仿效,随声附和8。to rat 变节，

告密

9.to shark 诈骗.勒索10。to snake 蜿蜒前进；拖

曳

隐喻的基础是形状，功能，褒贬的类似，据此区别以下斜体词语属哪种类

型

1。the tail of a procession 形状2。a ray of hope 功

能 3.a wolf in sheep’s clothing 贬义4。an

early bird 褒义5。piercing sound 功能6。

a flight of fancy 功能7。the cup of the valley 形状

8。crocodile tears 贬义9。forks of the road 形状

10。to rivet one’s gaze 形状11.golden hours 褒义

12.a saddle in the mountains 形状13.loud colours 功能

14。stony politeness 贬义15.the mantle of darkness 功能16。

Richad the Lion—Heart 褒义17.torments of jealousy 功能

18.the ribs of vault 形状19.a watery style of writing 贬义

20.skyrocketing prices 形状21.the book of time 功能

22。a loan shark 贬义23。to bridle one’s anger 功能

24.a smart invention 褒义25.the head of the school 功能

26.to dive into a book 形状27.to lend wings to someone 功能

28.a mere wisp of a girl 形状29.the lungs of a city 形状

30。an unlicked cub 贬义

提喻是局部和整体之间的替代。判断下列A组各词和B组中的黑体词是局

部喻整体(1)还是整体喻局部（2）

所喻意义

A1。head cattle 1

2.redbreast robin 1

3。corn maize 2

4。roof house or home 1

5。cattle cows 2

6。wheels automobiles 1

7.blade sword 1

8.cutthroat murderer 1

9。the smiling year spring 2

10.hard tails mules 1

11。to dial to telephone 1

12.fox/beaver the fur of the animal 2

B。1。a motor trip/the motor industry 1

2.meat and drink 1

3。a mink coat 2

4。a basket of provisions 2

5。to have a word with someone 1

6。to tread a measure 2

7.All hands on deck! 1

8。The law was there in force。 2

写出下面委婉用语所代替的词

1.to refresh oneself：to eat

2.deranged: mad

3.necropolis：cemetery 4。perspiration：sweat

5.unwise: foolish 6。expectorate：spit

7.indigestion : overeating 8。inexpressibles:

trousers

9nether garments: pants 10。loan-office：pawnshop

11.non—whites ：blacks 12。in an interesting condition：

pregnant

13public comfort station ：toilet 14.deuce：devil

15Golly : God https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,d: Lord

17prevaricate ：lie 18。laid to rest: buried

19paying-guests：tenants 20.to be no more: to die

简化下列复合名词并译成汉语

1。banner headline：banner头号标题2。howler hat:bowler 圆顶大

礼帽 3.crepe paper:crepe绉织物(如绉绸、绉布等）4。

dandy-cart:dandy 二轮小车5。duck egg：duck 零分

6.flashback:flash倒叙

7。hoarfrost:hoar 白霜8。human being：human 人

9.jacquard loom:jacquard 提花机10。jockstrap:jock(运动员等用的)下身护

体11.porter’s knot：knot 垫肩12.kraft paper:kraft

牛皮纸

13。turning—lathe:lathe 车床14。poet laureate：laureate桂冠诗

人15.eyelid：lid 眼睑16.linen paper:linen 亚

麻纸17.road metal：metal 碎石料

18.smelling salts:salts嗅盐

19.sapwood:sap 白木质20.Teddy boy:Teddy 无赖青年

指出各对同义词的本族语词

1.beak-bill

2.break—sever

3。feed-nourish 4。amity-friendship

5。prevent—hinder6.begin-commence

7。womanly—feminine 8.wet-humid

9.solitary—lonely10。people-folk

11.deep-profound 12.exterior-outer

13。cordial-hearty14。dale-valley

15。have-possess 16。conceal-hid e

17deed-action 18。holy—sacred

19。give-present 20。aid—help

21。inner-interior 22.deadly—mortal

23。motherly-maternal 24.question—ask

25。masculine—manly26.buy—purchase

27.thin-tenuous 28。earthly—terrestrial

29.royal—kingly30.fatherly-paternal

31violin-fiddle32。domestic-homely

33。mount—rise34.world—universe

35。answer—reply 36。celestial—heavenly

37。vivacious—lively38.bodily—corporal

39。brotherhood-fraternity 40.aqueous-watery

英译汉1。Chinese cabbage白菜2。chinese spinach菠

菜

3。Chinese date 枣子4。Chinese eddo芋头

5.Chinese gooseberry 猕猴桃

6.Chinese oil桐油

7.Chinese goose 鸿雁8.Chinese wall长城

9。Chinese block 木鱼10.Chinese boxes套盒

11.Chinese ink 墨12。Chinese puzzle七巧板

13.Chinese red 橙红色14.Chinese lantern灯笼

15.Chinese chequers 跳棋16。Chinese calendar农历

17。Chinese herbal medicine中草药

18.Chinese restaurant syndrome中国餐厅综合症

将下列科学术语译成汉语:

1、aerotrain：飞行火车2。artificial intelligence：人

工智能

3。astrobiology：太空生物学 4.barratrics：肥胖症治疗法

5.callositics:遗传分类学6。cogeneration：废热发电

7.cosmodon：太空站8。cryonics:人体冷冻学

9.cytoecology:细胞生态学10。datamation：自动化数据处

理

11。dysgenesis:发育不良12。ecosphere：生态层

13.euphenics：优种学14。exocrinology:外分泌学

15.fetology:胎儿学16.fibre optics:纤维光学

17。hard science:硬科学（指自然科学）18.inertia welding：惯性焊

接

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,rmation retrieval:信息检索20。launch vehicle：运载火箭

21.linear algebra：线性代数22.macroinstruction:宏观指令

23。marsquake：火星地震24.microprocessor：微型电

脑

25。neonatology:新生儿生理学26。nerve agent：神经毒剂

27。oncogenicity:致癌性28。parameter:参数，参量

29。photobotany：光植物学30。planetology:行星学

31。plasma physics:等离子物理学32.quantum chemistry:量子化

学

33。retro-rocketry：制动火箭学34.revascularization：换血管

术

35.saucerman:外太空人36。sealab：海底实验室

37.selenodesy:月面测量学38.test—tube baby:试管婴儿

39。thermal breeder—reactor:热增殖反应堆40.videophone:电视电话

将下列新复合词译成汉语:

1。after-sale service：售后服务 2.apartment complex：公寓建

筑群

3。arm wrestling:扳手腕 4.bad—mouth：恶意

中伤

5.bait-and switch:“上钩掉包”诱售法的6。beam weapon：激光束

武器

7.bed—in：露宿示威8。body language：身

势语

9。bubble top:(汽车）透明防弹圆罩10。buzz word:时髦

词语

11.convenient food：方便食品12。cruise missile：巡航

导弹

13.cup-tied：参加优胜杯决赛的14.dark comedy：黑色喜

剧

15。data bank：数据库16。day—care：

日托的

17。diet pill:减肥丸18.dunk shot:篮球塞射（砸

篮)

19.family planning：计划生育20.flick—knife：弹簧折

刀

21.floor exercise:自由体操22。free-associate:自由联想

23。happy hour：(酒吧）减价供应饮料的时间24。honey wagon：

垃圾车

25。hot—dog：太棒了26.man-on-man：(球赛）

人盯人

27.overhead walkway:行人大桥28。pop-top/ring pull：易拉

罐

29。pop wine:果味甜酒30.rent strike:集体抗

租

31.retort pouch：软装罐头32.shunpike:驾车走支路

33。sick—out:集体托病怠工34。shinny-dip:裸泳

35.sober—up：解酒的36。space talk:宇航术语

37。spy-in—the-sky:侦查卫星38。talk show/chat show：名人现场采访节目

39。value-added tax：增值税40.vanity surgery：美容外科

将下列各词的英式拼写改为美式拼写:

1.draught：draft

2.plough: plow 3。litre: liter

4。offence: offense 5。pyjamas: pajamas 6.cheque：check

7。flyer: flier 8。scepticism：skepticism 9.harbour:harbor

10.ensure：insure 11.cosy: cozy 12.manoeuvre：maneuver

13。civilise：civilize 14.anaemic：anemic 15。gaol：jail

16.inflexion: inflection 17。moustache: mustache 18.oesophagus：esophagus

19.queue: cue 20。shew：show

将下列各词的英式拼写简化为美式拼写：

1.counsellor：counselor

2.remould: remold

3.axe: ax

4。cigarette：cigaret 5.jewellery：jewelry 6。omelette：omelet

7。storey：story 8.good—bye：good—by 9。speciality：specialty

10.towards：toward 11.waggon：wagon 12。catalogue：catalog

13.aluminium: aluminum 14。levelled: leveled 15.moult：molt

16。programme: program 17.judgement：judgment 18。licence: license

19.amidst: amid 20.practice,practise: practice

用一个英语单词代替下列成语:

1.of one’s own accord: voluntarily

2.exchange blows with：fight

3.get away: escape 4。on the nail：immediately

5.play false: betray 6。a slap in the face: insult

7。in a body: collectively 8。make head or tail of: understand

9.behind the times：unfashionable 10。come across: discover

11.under false colours: falsely 12.make away with：destroy

13。from time to time：occasionally 14.call on :visit

15。neither rhyme nor reason：nonsense 16.throw cold water on: discourage

17.by the way：incidentally 18.by word of mouth: verbally

19。lord and master: husband 20。behind closed doors：privately

将下列名词性成语译成汉语：

1.the ace of trumps：主要的王牌,最有力的理由或要据.

2.an apple of discord:争端，祸根

3。the apple of one’s eye:珍爱的人或东西

4.a beast of burden：驮畜

5.a bed of roses:称心如意个环境

6。a bird of passage:候鸟,漂泊不定的人

7。a fish out of water:不适应环境的人

8.a Jack of all trades杂而不精的人

9。the lion’s share:最大的一份

10。a lion in the tongue:拦路虎(尤指臆想的危难）

11。a slip of the tongue:口误

12。a snake in the grass:隐患

13。a wild goose chase：徒劳的搜索，无益的劳动

14.a wet blanket：扫兴的人

15.a white elephant：无用而累赘的东西

16.a swan song:最后的作品

17.sour grapes：酸葡萄

18.an iron hand:高压手段

19。the green-eyed monster：嫉妒

20.a dog in the manger:占着茅坑不拉屎的人

将下列隐喻成语的适当形式填入句子:

1.The shopkeepers speak in slow，measured tones,and the buyers,overwhelmed by the

sepulchral atmosphere，follow suit

2。Neither does the river theory“hold water”,in the face of what is known about nodule

distribution。

3.What now seems to be in the air is a multilateral deal between the seven

countries…。。

4.When they find who done that last night,who killed that kid an'its mother，then

hightailed it，they’ll throw the book,and never mind who it is……

5。For the mighty army of consumers,the ultimate applications of the computer revolution

are still around the bend of a silicon circuit.

6.More than 100 reporters were on hand,and even radio announcers，who for the first time

in history were to broadcast a jury trial。

7。The judge called for a local minister to open the session with prayer，and the trial got

under way。

8.P&O，for example,while still out to increase the total…But P&O has no intention of

throwing in the towel.

9。He was struggling with the clasps on his suitcase，and Pug gave him a hand.

10。On our way back,every U-boat in the Atlantic will certainly be on battle alert。We shall

have to run the gamut。

11.One night Churchill took the floor in the Augusta washroom after dinner,…….

12。If，at some future date,it becomes the wish of our sister colonies to effect a separation，

we will not stand in the way .

13.The fact that their marriage may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been

broken or even that…

14.The peasants were allowed to eat the rabbits that scampered over their fields and，since

that meat was cheap,the Norman lords of course turned up their noses at it.

15.Like me，they had been divorced from their origins，and it turned out to make very

little difference…。they were mo more at home in Europe than I was。

16.But what is Anna Karenina describing if not the tragic fate of the isolated individual，

at odds with her time and place?

17.The illicit jump we find here，on the threshold of the inquiry,is characteric of the …

18.These people vote without a qualm for the political parties that quite sensibly-their

country arm…to the teeth。

19.Nowadays New Year is out of phase with American taste as often as it is out of step

with American politics.

20。The mother was on the verge of panic。She clutched his arm and kept repeating,…

1、It may be objected that he is not sophisticated enough to mediate the dispute between them。有人可能会提出异议说，他没有足够的本领能调解他们之间的纠纷.

2、In this chapter I attempt a more general look at the main changes which have come about in English usage. 在这一章中,我准备比较概括地探讨一下英语惯用法的主要变化。

3、Most of them regard him as deadwood, inept, incompetent and nowhere near as

technically prepared as they are。他们大多数人认为他是一个无能的，不称职的人,起不了什么作用，而且在技能训练方面根本不能与他们相比。

4、They will not think the worse of you for lack of experience。他们不会因为你缺

乏经验而把你想得很坏。

5、He hurried after the princess even into her innermost apartment, without so much

as waiting to remove his sandals. 他连便鞋都等不及脱下就匆匆地跟着公主闯进了她那最里面的一间卧室。

1、词的定义是什么？

词是语音、意义和语法特点三者统一的整体。

(词是最小的、有意义的、能够独立使用的语言单位。）

2、英语词的构成方法有哪六种？

派生法、合成法、转化法、拼缀法、逆成法、缩略法

3、什么是词的语义理据？

语义理据是一种联想,指词义的引申和比喻。

4、什么是语义同义场?

随着英语词汇的不断丰富，同义词群随之形成，由两个或三个组成的词义群扩大为由四个、五个或十几个构成的词义群，同义词群中有一个起支

配作用的词，体现了其它同义词所共有的特征,这种词叫主导同义词，

受其制约的语义场称之为谓语义同义场.

5、写出Herbert H.Clark 为词的联想提出的四条纵聚合规则和两条横组合

规则.

四条纵聚合规则

1）最低特征对比规则

2）特征的减少和增加规则

3）标记规则

4）范畴保持规则

两条横组合规则

1）选择特征体现规则

2）成语构成规则

(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案

试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor

(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案

全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页

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1.brother:fraternal 2.Cat:feline 3.child:puerile 4.daughter:filial 5.day:diurnal 6.dog:canine 7.ear:auricular 8.earth:terrestrial 9.egg:oval 10.eye:ocular 11.father:paternal 12.fire:igneous 13.foe:hostile 14.fox:vulpine 15.friend:amicable 16.hand:manual 17.head:capital 18.heart:cordial 19.heaven:celestial 20.horse:equine 21.husband:marital 22.kidney:renal 23.knight:equestrian 24.life:vital 25.light:lucid 26.lip:labial 27.man:human https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,k:lactic 29.mind:mental 30.moon:lunar 31.mother:maternal 32.mouth:oral https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,:nominal 34.night:nocturnal 35.nose:nasal 36.ox:bovine 37.room:spacious 38.sea:marine 39. sheep:ovine 40.sight:visible 41.skin:cutaneous 42.son:filial 43.spring:vernal 44.stream:fluvial 45.star:stellar 46.sun:solar 47.time:temporal 48.tongue:lingual 49.tooth:dental 50.town:urban 51.tree:arboreal 52.truth:veracious 53.war:bellicose 54.water:aqueous 55.wife:conjugal 56.world:mundane 57.worm:vermicular 58.woman:feminine 59.youth:juvenile 60.book:literaey 选择适当的单词填入句子 1.He waited with( bated) breath. 2.The brother and sister are both (blondes). 3.There is a (break)in the clouds. 4.Her (bridal) grown was trimmed with lace. 5.A (pedal) of the bicycle fell off. 6.Cromwell (reigned) over England like a king. 7.The wreckers began to (raze) the building. 8.Although we watched carefully,the guard remained (stationary) for one hour. 9.Edgar cannot sail until he has a full (complement) of men for his crew,and ….. 10.Eric was a tireless scholar,he would (pore)over his books without a break until…. 将下列各组词分别填入句子 A 1 .John’nature was so (sanguine) that we all felt cheered up…. 2. The battle was so (sanguinary) that hardly a combatant …... B 1. We could not have a worse judge than the one we had,he was completely (uninterested) in the case and ….. 2. We could not have a better judge than Judge Blandford; he was friendly,knowledgeable,and above all completely (disinterested). C 1. Although we played them on even terms for the first half,the second half was a (rout). 2. To get to our cottage you follow (route)…. D 1. The (official) in charge of the game… 2. Time was so (officious)in his new job….. E 1. The dress was made of synthetic ( material). 2. The general needs more troops and (materiel). F 1. The (moral) of the story…. 2. The (morale) of our troops is high. G 1. All men are (fallible). 2.The argument,convincing ……..to be (fallacious). H 1. Some say Shakespeare takes (precedence) over all …. 2. There was no (precedent)for the granting of a …. I 1. John,who was sulle n and (taciturn) by nature,found that …. 2. They arrived at a (tacit) agreement. J 1.The building plans are (impracticable). 2.My husband …..,but he is so (unpractical)that he cannot … 用英语解释下列句子中help 及其派生词的意义 1.If you want to lose some weight,Jim,you must start avoiding second helpings.(second servings) 2.“God help me !”he murmured…..(protest) 3.He gave us a helping hand when we were in trouble.(i.e.he helped us) 4. Yes,I know he’s a rascal,but I can’t help liking him.( i.e.I can’t but like him) 5.Did you have any help from anyone with …..(assistance) 6.Don’t be away longer than you can help.(avoid) 7.I do think you could have been a bit more helpful .(ready or willing to assist) 8.“Help!Help! I’m drowning !”(Save me) 9.I am very sorry but I can’t help it .( i.e.I can’t do otherwise) 10. Can I help you in any way ?(assist you) 11. We are a bit hard up this month,my dear,so don’t spend more than you can help .(avoid) 12. Give me only a very small helping,please.(serving) 13. I’m telling you the truth,so help me God!( i.e.May God punish me if I am not ！) 14.We’re awfully sorry that we were giggling –but we couldn’t help it .( i.e.do anything to stop it ) 15.Would you help me to carry this suitcase,please?(assist) 16.Would you help me to some potatoes,please ?( i.e.serve me with) 17.Your liver is not in a very good condition …….if I could help it .(avoid) 18.Your presence was extremely helpful,…(i.e.it gave great assistance) 19.The helping you gave me would have fed a football team !(serving) 20.The whisky is on the table…Help yourself.( i.e.Take what you want,when you want it ) 写出下列各组同义词的共同基本意义 1Sorrow,grief,anguish …..(distress of mind ) 2Bad,evil,wicked,…(not ethically acceptable ) 3Regard,respect ,esteem …(to recognize the worth of a person or thing ) 4Disprove,refute, confute…(to show or try to show by presenting evidence thar something is not true) 5.Incline,bias,dispose …(to influence one to have or take an attitude toward something ) 6.Level,flat,plane …(having a surface without bends,curves or irregularities ) 7.Generous,liberal,liberate,….(giving freely and unstingily) 8.Free,release,liberate, …(to loose from constraint or restraint ) 9.Frank,candid,open…(show willingness to say what one things or feels) 10Envious,jealous (begrudging another’s possession of something ) 11Assert,declare,affirm,protest …(to state or put forward positively,usually in anticipation of or in the face denial or objection ) 12. Aggressive,militant,assertive…(conspicuously or obtrusively active or energetic ) 13.Agile,polite….(acting or moving with easy alacrity) 14.Civil,polite,gallant …(observant of forms required by good breeding ) 15.V ociferous,clamorous,blatant,…(so loud or insistent as to compel attention) 16.Bear,suffer,endure …(to put up with something trying or painful ) 17.Decrease,lessen,diminish…(to grow or make less ) 18.Heritage,inheritance,patrimony…(something received from a parent or predecessor) 19.Keep retain,detain ..(to hold in one’s possession or under one’s control) 20.Bare,naked nude …(deprived of naturally or conventionally appropriate covering) 指出并改正误用词语 1.The convict paced within the ….(confound) 应改为(confines) 2.I remember the name,but …..(replace )…(recall) 3.His antisocial behaviour results from lack of…..(formidable)… (formative) 4.When I grow up I want to be a…..(pronouncer)…(announcer) 5.He left enough leave-way for ….(leave-way)…(leeway) 6.The flagrance of her….(flagrance)…(fragrance) 7.I found the Oriental dishes….(palpable) …(palatable) 8.The corpse had been so dissected over….(dissected)…(dislocated) 9.The colonel’s appearance was so marital with….(marital )…(martial) 10.Our elementary needs were planned for…..(elementary)..(alimentary) 11.It is hoped that this course will enlarge….(perimeter)…(parameter) 12.If we look long enough in this material we…(statue)…(statute) 13.He desserted his friends just wh en they needed him .(desserted)…(deserted) 14.Kurt had been innocuous against influenza,but he….(innocuous)…(inoculated) 15.Eric was so ingenuous about household….(ingenuous)..(ingenious) 16.The dinosaurs may have been unable to adopt…(adopt)…(adapt) 17.After their brief alteration they shook hands,…(alteration )..(altercation) 18.The game came to a climatic finish with …(climatic)…(climactic) 19.The mountain lions are all extant in the mountains; not….(extant)…(extinct) 20.Mother’s dreams were irreverent to the …(irreverent)..(irrelevant) 用否定前缀写出下列单词的反义词 1arm:disarm 2.honour:dishonor 3.join:disjoin 4.legible:illegible 5.legitimate:illegitimate 6.mature:immature 7.moderate:immoderate 8.fertile:infertile 9.sanitary:insanitary 10.resolute:irresolute 11.reverent:irreverent 12.trust:mistrust 13.fit:misfit 14.understand:misunderstand 15.adjacent:nonadjacent 16.existence:nonexistence 17.alliance:non-alliance 18.conscious:unconscious 19.intelligence:unintelligent 20.symmetrical:unsymmetrical 找出下列各组同义词相应的反义词 A1.fast(slow) 2.rapid(leisurely) 3quick(sluggish) 4.hasty (deliberate) 5.speedy(dilatory) B. 1.beautiful (ugly) 2.pretty (plain) 3.fair (foul) 4.lovely (unlovely) C. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fa19225348.html,e (go) 2.arrive (depart) 3 .reach (leave ) 4 .gain (lose ) D.1.happiness (misery) 2.joy (sorrow) 3.delight(distress) 4.enjoyment (suffering)