2020中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

中考初中英语被动语态讲解（精心整理）

◆定义

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。

主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

◆被动语态的时态：

“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。请看下表：

◆主动语态变被动语态的方法

第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。

第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。

第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。

第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句：

主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.

被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.

随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）

1.Bruce writes a letter every week.

→

2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.

→

3.We grow trees every spring.

→

4.My mother cleans our room every morning.

→

补充：

①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。

用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….

用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……

to him by Mary.

for her by her father.

随堂演练：

（1）He gave me a book.

→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)

→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

（2）My father bought me a new bike.

→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)

→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)

②S+ V+ O+ OC带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。

→

补充：

在主动语态中，使役动词和感官动词后接动词原形（即省to的动词不定式），在变成被动语态时，需将to补上。使役动词let除外。

使役动词和感官动词有：一感（feel）, 二听（hear，listen to）,三让（make, have, let）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）

I saw him play football on the playground just now.

→He was seen to play football on the playground by me.

随堂演练：

1. We saw them _______(play) football.

They _______ _______ ______ _______ football.

2. We often hear her _______(sing) in English.

She_____ often _____ _____ ____ in English.

另：see, hear 后接doing作宾补时, 在变为被动语态时不加to。

I can hear him singing.

He ________ _______ ______ _______.

被动语态的否定句和一般疑问句

The photos were taken in Japan.

①(改为否定句)

②（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答）

◆被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

My bike was stolen yesterday.

(2)强调动作的执行者时，使用“by+执行者”。

The pen was used by my father.

【注意】只有及物动词才有被动语态。不及物动词如rise，come，go，happen，take place等，没有被动语态。

◆被动语态注意点

含“不及物动词+ 介词/副词”（短语动词）的句子变成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。

She took good care of her grandmother.

→Her grandmother was taken good care of by her.

随堂演练

1.People often talk about that film.

That film is often talked ______.

2.He looks after me very well.

I ________________________________.

3. The nurse took good care of the sick man.

The sick man __________________.

4. We should speak to the old people politely.

The old people should _______________politely.

主动形式表示被动意义. (强调动作自然发生，或事物本身性质)

a)某些连系动词: look, smell, taste, feel, sound。主动形式表示被动意义。

The music ________(听起来) interesting.

b)说明主语特征、状态的词。这类词通常主动表被动。

grow well , ,wash well , write well , sell well，read well, break easily ,hurt badly（疼得厉害）

随堂演练

1. We grow rice every year. And it grows well.

2. The glass was broken by a boy. This kind of glass ______ easily.(容易碎)

3. The pen is sold here. It well . (写起来好)

4. That book is sold here. It ________/_______well. (卖得好) (读起来好)

5. The shirt is washed every day. And it _______well. (洗起来好)

6. I like eating the food. And it ______ well (吃起来好)

7. He _______by a car yesterday. Now, his head _________(疼)badly.

c)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，

通常主动表被动。

d)need, want, require等动词以及形容词worth（值得）后面，跟-ing的主动形式

表达被动意义。

need doing sth = need to be done

want doing sth = want to be done

require doing sth = require to be done

be worth doing sth 值得被做某事

My old bike needs repairing =My old bike needs to be required。

我的旧自行车需要修一下。

随堂演练

My clothes need ___________ (wash).

The book is worth ___________ (read) twice.

The house needs __________(repair).

表示动作自然发生的动词，如：appear, come out, happen, take place, die, disappear, fall, break down, itch, rise, belong to

随堂演练

1. In summer, leaves ________(落下) .

2. His car ________(抛锚了)on the way here.

3. An accident _____(发生) and he _____(死了).

4. Great changes __________(发生) over the years.

5. A big cloud ________(出现) when the sun _______(消失).

6. Our teacher told us the sun ________(升起) in the east.

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

If you look at the top of your phone, you'll usually see a little symbol that says 3G or 4G. The "G" stands for the "generation" (代) of your mobile network. But the symbols will become things of the past after 5G networks fully arrive.

On March 30, Shanghai vice-mayor Wu Qing made the first 5G video call on a Huawei Mate X Smartphone. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks.

About 100 times faster than 4G networks, 5G will let people download and upload data(数据) faster than ever before. But 5G won't just bring faster mobile internet. People can use it for many other things as well.

For example, 5G will help to make self-driving cars safer. Today's self-driving test cars have one problem-lag(延迟). When the car "sees" an obstacle(障碍物), it sends this information to a data center and receives instructions, However, it will be some time before it sends and receives this information. With this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don't receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer.

5G could also be used to power the internet of things (IoT), that is, a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology.

The IoT could be used in a lot of ways. For example, with IoT, your refrigerator could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside.

（1）Which city was 5G tested for the first time?

A. Beijing.

B. Shanghai.

C. Shenzhen.

（2）What can we infer(推测) according to the passage?.

A. 5G is widely used in China now.

B. 5G networks will make our lives more convenient.

C. There are no symbols at the top of our phones.

（3）The writer uses self-driving cars as an example to .

A. explain how 5G's fast speed can be helpful

B. warn about the possible dangers of self-driving cars

C. explain how self-driving cars work

（4）What is IoT according to the passage?

A. A robot that can do housework.

B. An online store where you can buy anything.

C. A large online network that connects things and people.

（5）Which sentence is right according to the passage?

A. 5G will help us buy eggs quickly.

B. Robots can help us buy eggs online.

C. Our refrigerator can order eggs online for us.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：当人们看手机上方的时候，会看到3G或者4G的小符号。G代表手机网络的"代"。但是，当5G网络全面覆盖时，这些符号将会成为过去时。3月30日，上海市长吴清第一次使用华为Mate X智能手机进行视频通话，上海成为中国进行第一个测试5G的城市。5G将会在很多方面改善人们的生活。

（1）细节理解题。根据Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks。可知，上海是中国第一个进行5G测试的城市。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据About 100 times faster than 4G networks，5G will let people download and upload data（数据）faster than ever before。But 5G won't just bring faster mobile internet。People can use it for many other things well。可知，5G的速度将会是4G的100倍，人们下载或者上传数据都会快很多。而且，5G不仅仅是在移动网络上给人们带来快捷。在其他方面，人们也可以利用5G。由此可以推断出，5G将会使人们的生活便利很多。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据…W ith 5G，this lag will be greatly lowered，making the cars safer。可知，5G可以大大减少问题延迟，从而使无人驾驶汽车更安全。作者通过这个例子来告诉我们5G的告诉怎样起作用的。故选A。

（4）词义猜测题。根据5G could also be used to power the internet of things（IoT），that is，a large online network that connects all things and people。可知，IoT指的是把所有人和物联系起来的一个巨大的在线网络。故选C。

（5）细节理解题。根据For example，with IoT，your refrigerator could automatically （自动地）place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside。可知，当冰箱里没有鸡蛋时，冰箱可以自动在网上下单买鸡蛋。故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案。而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。对于词意猜测题。需要准确无误地理解上下文，根据上下文的联系进行猜测。找出问题答案。

2．阅读理解

If you want to check where the nearest coffee shop to your home is, if you want to know how to get to a place in your city, or if you want to see where in the world your foreign pen friend lives, there's now a new free online map you can use.

Last month, China started its official online mapping service, Map World. "Through this free online service users can fly over mountains and valleys around the world and search for restaurants and traffic information across the country for free," said Xu Deming, director of the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (SBSM). The bureau, which does China's surveying and mapping work, is in charge of the Map World project.

Users can get into Map World through https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff9434506.html, or https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff9434506.html, and search for 2- and 3-D images from across the world. The home page shows a view of the Great Wall.

"It took about two years to prepare the service with all the satellite(卫星) images taken from 2006 to 2010," said Jiang Jie, director of the database department(数据库部门) under SBSM.

The technology(技术) and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside China are detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of places outside China are less clear.

Service providers have more than 80 machines, with the ability to deal with 10 million

requests (请求) daily, while Google Earth, Google's mapping service, has thousands of machines, Jiang said.

"Our map service can update(更新) data about twice a year, but Google Earth can update its information every couple of minutes, through satellites," Jiang said.

The bureau said it will continue developing Map World. At the same time, you can have a try for yourself. Some users have given their opinions about the service after trying it. One student in Beijing said that Map World even shows the small bookstore near her school.

（1）What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To show how valuable the service is.

B. To introduce the new online photo-map of China.

C. To show the importance of the new online photo-map.

D. To tell how popular the new online photo-map is in China.

（2）According to the Bureau, Map World_______.

A. only has images of China

B. will need another two years to complete

C. needs further development

D. begins with the Great Wall

（3）What disadvantages does Map World have, compared with Google Earth?

A. Information is updated much less often.

B. It provided less clear images of places.

C. Its machines are less high technology.

D. It only has black and white images.

（4）What is the passage probably taken from?

A. A notebook

B. A guide book

C. A story book

D. A newspaper

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：上个月，中国启动了官方的在线地图服务——世界地图。国家测绘局局长徐德明表示：通过这项免费的在线服务，用户可以飞越世界各地的山脉和山谷，免费搜索全国各地的餐馆和交通信息。

（1）段落大意题。根据there's now a new free online map you can use.可知第一段主要介绍新在线免费地图，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据The technology(技术) and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside China are detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of places outside China are less clear. The bureau said it will continue developing Map World.可知，世界地图还需要进一步发展，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Our map service can update(更新) data about twice a year, but Google

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：

2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案

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过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 2、含有情态动词的被动语态 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 三、被动语态的用法 1、怎样确定该用被动语态？ （1）不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者。 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 我们在做题时要注意：如果主语能执行这个动作，就用主动语态；主语不能执行动作，反而要被动作去执行，这时就用被动语态。 2、用被动语态要注意两个问题 （1）不管是把主动语态变被动语态还是把被动语态变主动语态都要保持时态一致 （2）在主动语态中make,see,let等省to的在被动语态中要加上to. 3、不能使用被动语态的情况： （1）不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：happen,take place,last,cost,change，begin等 （2）当直接宾语是反身代词时，不能用被动语态 连系词无被动，而是用主动形式表示被动意义如：

初中英语被动语态精讲

动词语态 英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。如： They speak English.他们讲英语。 主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示； English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。 主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 一、被动语态的构成 1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be有人称、数和 时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 二、主动语态变被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。 （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 三、各种时态的被动语态 1、一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。 2、一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。 3、一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 4、现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词 The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。 5、过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词

初中英语动词的主动语态和被动语态讲解

动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求： 中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us.（黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时：am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时：will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时：have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时：am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词 如：Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。

The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他

初中英语被动语态练习题

被动语态 1. The PRC (found) in 1949. 2. Edison’s mother (save) after the operation. 3. I (tell) the good news yesterday. I was pleased to hear that. 4. Dr. Bethune went on with the operation though he (ask) to leave. 5. Very little (know) about the universe thousands of years ago. 6. —Where is Peter? —He (tell) to meet some foreign friends just now. 7. He (live) in this house since it (build). 8. Trees must (put) in the hole so that it is straight. 9. Old people must (speak) to politely. 10. Let’s (go) home if your homework (do). 11. Miss Zhao usually (ask) us some questions in class but yesterday she (ask) a lot of questions by us. 12. Tom (catch) a bad cold. He (must take) good care of. 13. —Look! I (buy) a new dictionary. —When it (buy)? —The day before yesterday. 14. I can’t mend the machine. Uncle Wang should (send) for at once. 15. He showed me the kite as soon as it (make). 16. —this kind of flower (water) every day? —Certainly. It (need) much more water than the others. 17. —Which does Li Lei prefer, the long jump or the high jump? —Of course, the high jump. He (know) to be good at it. 18. Sometimes Tom (take) to school by bike, but now he (walk) to school by himself every morning. 19. No more bread (need) because my mother (buy) so much of it. 20. Stamps can (use) to send and receive letters. 21. My bike (not work) now. It must (mend). I (use) it tomorrow. 22. Your shoes (wear) out. But they can (mend) here. 被动语态专项练习 将下列句子变成被动语态(A) 1.They produce silk in Suzhou. _____________________________. 2. We take good care of our textbooks. ____________________________. 3. Many young people don’t speak Russian. ______________________________. 4. Do you often make lanterns for the traditional Lantern Festival in China?______________. 5. His mother gave him a present for his birthday.________________________________. 6. They didn’t choose me this term. _____________________________________. 7. I often hear him sing in his room. __________________________________. 8. The story made us laugh. ____________________________________. 9. We are going to build a school in the small village. ____________________________. 10. When will you held the match? _______________________________. 11. We should plant many trees on the mountains. ________________________________. 12. His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. _________________________________. 13. Father gave me a toy at Christmas. ______________________________________.

初中被动语态详细讲解

语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式 的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many p eople speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make t he bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made b y them in the factory.

最新初中英语被动语态

一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者. 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.) 各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词 I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was/were＋及物动词的过去分词 This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will/shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am/is/are being＋及物动词的过去分词. A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词 he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词 His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法 一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁. 1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了. 2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年. 3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打 2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁. 1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了 2).China was founded in 1949. 3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is said that…（据说……）,It is reported that …（据报道）,It is well known that（众所周知……）It is supposed that（据推测说, It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等. It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人. It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.） 4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者. 1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的. 2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的. 3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成. 注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语. 2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).

初中英语被动语态的教案

被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一)语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Tｈey ｗill ｂuild a neｗｂｒidgｅoｖeｒthe rivｅr. (主动） A nｅw bｒｉdge will be buｉlt over the river.（被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在ｂｅ的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下： 一般现在时:am ／is/ arｅ＋donｅ 一般过去时：ｗａs／wｅrｅ＋ｄonｅ 一般将来时：ｓhａll/ wｉｌl +ｂe ｄｏne 一般过去将来时:sｈould ／woulｄ+ beｄoｎe 现在进行时:am / iｓ／are+ beinｇ+ done 过去进行时:wａs / were +ｂeiｎｇ+ done 现在完成时:have ／ｈａｓ+been+ ｄｏne 过去完成时：hａd + beｅn + done 将来完成时：sｈall /will+ ｈave bｅeｎ＋done 过去将来完成时:shouｌd / would +ｈａve been +doｎe [注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 （三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)Ｐeople gｒow rice iｎｔｈe south of tｈｅcountry. Rｉce is grown iｎthe ｓouth ｏf tｈe cｏuntｒy. （2)Theｓcｈｏoｌdoesn't alloｗus to entｅr the ｃhｅmistry lab wiｔhout a teaｃher. Wｅarｅｎoｔａllｏwed ｔo enter ｔｈe chemistry laｂwithｏuｔa teacｈer. 2．一般过去时： (1)They agrｅｅd on the ｂuiｌdｉｎg of a nｅw car facｔoryｌasｔmoｎtｈ. Ｔhｅbuildingｏf ａnew car ｆactory ｗaｓagreｅd on last moｎth. (2)Tｈｅstｕdenｔs diｄn't ｆorｇet hiｓｌeｓsoｎs easily． Hｉｓlessoｎs wｅｒeｎｏt easiｌy forｇotｔen 3.一般将来时： (1）Tｈeｙwill sｅｎｄcａrs ａbrｏａd by sea． Caｒｓwｉll ｂｅsenｔａbroａd ｂy sea． （2)Theｙｗillｇｉve plｅnty of jｏｂs ｔｏschｏoｌ-lｅavers． Plentyｏf jobs wｉll be giveｎtｏschoｏl-leavｅrs． 4．过去将来时:

(完整word版)初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练).pdf

被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被 动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种 特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义 一、语态结构比较 语态 时态主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时①am\is\are ②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p) 一般将来时will\be going to\be(about)to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p) 一般过去时①was\were ②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p) 现在进行时am\is\are+doing(V.-ing) am\is\are+being+done(V. p.p) 过去进行时was\were+doing(V.-ing) was\were+being+done(V.p.p) 现在完成时have\has+done(V. p.p.) have\has+been+done(V. p.p) 过去完成时had+done(V. p.p.) had+been+done(V. p.p.) 情态动词情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+done(V. p.p.) 过去将来时would/should +V. would/should be +done(V. p.p.) 二、变被动句步骤 1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 主动语态变为被动语态例句： 一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.

初三英语被动语态知识点整理

被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。 以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3）am/is /are being done现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I don't like being laughed at in the public.

(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解.docx

初中英语被动语态讲解 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者。 一、被动语态的构成 英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致， 态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages. 二、被动语态的用法 （ 1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如： 并有时 Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term. （ 2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如： This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. （ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为 主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。 例如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 ) →The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。 例如： The boss made them work ten hours a day.→They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house.→ He was seen to enter the house. 三、被动语态的时态 初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。 一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shanghai. 一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992. 现在进行时构成： be + being + 动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown. 过去进行时构成： was/were + being +动词的过去分词 一般将来时构成： will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow. 过去将来时构成： would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词 现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished? 过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词 带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词例如：Can this walkman be repaired here? 主动语态改为被动语态的步骤： ①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语； ②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态； ③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语。 主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种： ①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语 ②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词在短语 see sb. do sth. 中，动词 see 后跟不带to 的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find 等，以及使役动词make, let 等。 第三节巩固练习 for 或 to)。 to。用于这一结构的谓语动词 Ⅰ .把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、 We often use a recorder in our English class. 2、 They will show a new film next week. 3、 When did they build the house? 4、 I saw the boy enter the room. 5、 Will they show a new film next week?