新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit 4

Unit 4

Reading 1

Language points

1 Work in corporate America (Title)

Corporate America is a general term given to a large non-government-owned organization or company

in the United States, eg a bank, a marketing research company etc. It has both positive and negative

connotations. Positively, it means that a company or an organization produces wealth and improves

people’s living standards in a free market and competitive society by p eople working together to achieve

the goals. This mainly refers to financial gains and success. Negatively, it seems to indicate the promotion

of self-interest, financial gains, greed and irresponsibility in the workplace.

2 It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when ... (Para 1)

To look blank means that modern children show no sign of understanding or emotion about the corporate

workplace, they seem unresponsive and have blank looks.

Someone who is dispirited does not have the hope, enthusiasm or interest that they had earlier; they are in

low spirits or downhearted.

3 The parent could take his offspring to his place of business and let him watch while he repaired a

buggy or built a table. (Para 2)

A buggy is a vehicle used for babies and toddlers by carers (parents, grandparents and adults in caring

professions), to push them around. It is also called a pushchair. In the US, it is called a stroller.

4 When a child asked … his father could answer in terms that a child could come to grips with, such

as “I fix steam engines” or “I make horse collars”. (Para 3)

The expression come to grips with normally means to face up to a problem, situation or difficult job and

deal with it. Here, it means that someone gets to understand something that is difficult or unpleasant. It has

the similar meaning as to come to terms with, tackle, handle, manage etc. Horse collars are made of leather and fit around animals’ necks to allow them

to pull heavy things. When

horses are used to pull carts or carriages they wear horse collars. Here, in corporate America, this is a

deliberate image of something very old-fashioned, just like steam engines.

5 How can he possibly envision anyone analyzing a system or researching a market? (Para 5)

The word envision is a verb which means to show a visual scene in your mind, to imagine something that

is outside your experience, which has not happened or does not exist.

6 Even grown men … and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as baffled about what a

space salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools needed to analyze a

system. (Para 6)

The expression it is a safe bet means that the speaker or writer is sure about something (they would be

willing to risk money to confirm it).

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A space salesman deals with the arrangements for the use of space in offices and other places: How many

rooms might be needed for what purposes, what sorts of work people do in particular offices and how the

office furniture and equipment can best be arranged for the maximum effectiveness, how much it costs

to rent or use office accommodation in different parts of a city ... But probably, a space salesman mainly

deals with people who want to rent office space.

In this sentence the writer is saying he is quite sure that neither the systems analyst nor the space

salesman knows about each other’s work and what they actually do.

7 The machines that make things make them in such a fashion that they will quickly fall apart in

such a way that repairs will be prohibitively expensive. (Para 7)

The expression in such a fashion means in a particular way or manner.

The cost is prohibitively expensive when it prevents you from buying something, as it is beyond the limits

of what you can afford. Or, we may say the cost is prohibitive.

The sentence means that the machines make things in such a way that they will break or fall into pieces

so that they can’t be cheaply repaired. It is implied that the things are made to be short-lasting so that the

manufacturers can sell more later.

8 The handful of people remotely associated with these machines can, of course,

tell their inquisitive

children “Daddy makes junk”. (Para 8)

Inquisitive children are those who like to ask lots of questions, especially things that adults do not want

to talk about.

9 Most of the workforce, however, is too remote from junk production to sense any contribution to

the industry. (Para8)

The sentence means most workers are distant from the process of junk production so they do not feel that

their work has any part in it.

10 Others telephone to ascertain the whereabouts of paper. (Para 12)

The expression ascertain the whereabouts of something means to find out where something is.

11 Back at the office, the father orders the paper retyped and reproduced in quintuplicate, and then

sent to another man for comparison with paper that was reproduced in triplicate last year. (Para 16)

The word quintuplicate means that something is made into five copies. To quadruplicate means to make

into four copies; triplicate three copies; and duplicate two copies. Dealing with unfamiliar words

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 old, broken or useless things (junk)

2 relating to large companies, or a particular large company (corporate)

3 to not approve of someone or something (disapprove)

4 to form a picture of someone or something in your mind (visualize)

5 an agreement in which you risk an amount of money by saying what you think will happen (bet)

6 to find out something (ascertain)

7 the space at the left or right side of a page where words are not usually printed or written (margin)

8 to discuss something with other people in order to reach a decision (confer)

9 important, respected, and admired (eminent)

10 to twist your face into an expression that shows you are angry (scowl)

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.

1 It’s not easy to visualize what life was like in the age of the steam engine.

2 If you disapprove of these plans, you should let me know exactly what you find wrong with them.

3 Thomas’ room is full of junk like broken electrical equipment and old computer parts he doesn’t need.

4 My bet is that this type of job w on’t give you much satisfaction.

5 We’re going to need some time to confer with our lawyers before we make a decision.

6 The margins of the pages in this document have all been written on.

7 We can’t accept your application, without ascertaining the authenticity of your qualifications.

8 It was a corporate decision to close the bank, not the choice of any individual.

9 She’s a very nice person, and a very eminent professor.

10 Why is he scowling at me? What have I done?

6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words. You may need to make

other changes.

1 A curious child is often eager to inquire about the jobs their parents do. (inquisitive)

An inquisitive child is often eager to inquire about the jobs their parents do.

2 Most people think the decision they took is impossible to understand. (incomprehensible)

3 Could you write down any ideas you have during the meeting on this piece of paper? (jot)

4 You are very careful about noticing details if you can remember exactly what the manager was wearing.

(observant)

5 I’m afraid we don’t know the place where Helen is right now. (whereabouts) I’m afraid we don’t know the whereabouts of Helen.

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119

6 Don’t be unhappy and lacking in enthusiasm. I’m sure one of the app lications will be successful.

(dispirited)

7 I’d like to buy an open top car, but they’re all so terribly expensive. (prohibitively)

7 Answer the questions about the expressions.

1 If you look blank about something, do you (a) understand, or (b) not understand it?

2 If you come to grips with a problem, do you (a) start to deal with it, or (b) stop thinking about it?

3 When something falls apart, is it (a) in the wrong place, or (b) broken?

4 When something wears out, does it (a) not look very nice, or (b) become old and unusable?

5 If you mull over a problem, do you (a) think carefully about it for a long

time, or (b) quickly solve it?

6 Do people sometimes say “It beats me” because they (a) understand, or (b) don’t understand something?

Active reading (2)

Language points

1 There’s nothing new about our obsession with the new, says Dominic Sandbrook. (Introduction)

Obsession is an emotional state in which someone or something is so important that you are always

thinking about them, in a way that seems extreme to other people.

2 We live in a world of unprecedented, dazzling change. (Para 1)

The word unprecedented means never having happened or existed before, eg an unprecedented situation,

an unprecedented change.

3 Thanks to globalization, national frontiers are collapsing around us, while technological innovations

are fundamentally reshaping our lives in ways we can barely comprehend. (Para 1)

Because of the situation of globalization –that the whole world is developing a single complex economy,

communication system and culture –it seems that there are no national borders and new technologies are

influencing our lives in basic ways which we cannot really understand.

4 So run the clichés, anyway. (Para 2)

A cliché refers to a phrase or idea that is boring because people use it a lot, and it is no longer original and

sounds empty. The expression so run the clichés means these are the clichés you often hear.

5 But it is only our obsession with novelty, ignorance of deeper historical patterns and arrogant

insistence on our own importance that leads us into this kind of talk. (Para 2)

Historical patterns refer to major events in history which make patterns because they are related to each

other or similar.

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125

6 Yet there is a good case that we do not, in fact, live in very interesting times at all. (Para 2)

A case here is a set of facts or arguments that you can state for or against

something. A case for

something is positive support or a good case; a case against something is a counter-argument or reasons

why the case is not valid; a poor case is weak and does not have solid facts or reasons behind it. You can

state, make or argue a case.

7 Take the example of globalization, which, according to its American champion, Thomas Friedman ...

influencing “the politics, environment, geopolitics and economics of virtually every country in the

world”. (Para 3)

The word champion here refers to someone who publicly supports or defends a set of beliefs or political

aims, ie a strong supporter.

Geopolitics means the study of how a country’s position, economy or population can influence its

politics, especially in relation to other countries.

8 The Roman Empire, for example, is nothing if not a multi-ethnic, multicultural, transnational

entity … (Para 4)

The word transnational means affecting or involving several countries. The prefix trans- means across.

9 And for all the hype about the Internet, the brutal truth is that most of us use it to do remarkably

old-fashioned things ... (Para 6)

Hype refers to the use of a lot of advertisements or other publicity to influence or interest people. To hype

up means to make something sound more interesting or impressive than it is. The brutal truth refers to the truth that is extremely honest, given in a way that seems unkind.

10 We are always being told that the Internet has “opened up” the world, yet

a staggering 90 per cent

of all web traffic is local. (Para 6)

The word staggering means extremely surprising. Many people would think that much or most use, or

traffic, of the World Wide Web would be global or international, but the writer says that, surprisingly, 90 per

cent is local.

11 When Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001: A Space Odyssey … talking to sentient computers and living on

the Moon. (Para 7)

Sentient computers are computers which are capable of feeling things through the physical senses.

12 But the cinema-goers of 1968 would have been deeply disappointed to realize

that in fact they

would be living in Milton Keynes and watching Midsomer Murders. (Para 7) This sentence presents a contrast with the previous sentence which gave a picture that people had in 1968

of possibly going into space. Instead, their future turned out to be living in a very ordinary town of many

new streets which all seem identical (like Milton Keynes) and watching detective stories about rural

villages on TV (like Midsomer Murders, a TV series based in rural southern England).

13 Even our neophilia is nothing new. (Para 8)

The prefix neo- means modern or new. The suffix -phile describes someone who loves or likes something;

thus an anglophile likes English things, a francophile likes French things, a sinophile likes Chinese

things. The word neophilia means the love of new things or novelties.

14 If so, then we are lucky, because we don’t. (Para 10)

We are lucky because we don’t live in interesting times, which means we should avoid the chaos and

anxiety of interesting times.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 an emotional state in which someone or something is so important to you that you are always thinking

about them (obsession)

2 the study of the way that goods and services are produced and sold and the way money is managed

(economics)

3 to proudly tell other people about what you have done or can do, or about something you own (boast)

4 a car (automobile)

5 an area or town near a large city but away from its centre, where there are many houses, especially for

middle-class people (suburb)

6 a new idea, method, piece of equipment etc (innovation)

7 something that you suggest is true, although you do not say it directly (implication)

8 the limits of your experience (horizons)

6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.

1 The middle-class dream used to be to live in a peaceful suburb and own a new automobile.

2 Today we have an obsession with healthy lifestyles and the latest technological innovations.

3 He has good reason to boast about the progress he has made in his career.

4 The implication is obvious: We are beginning to understand the impact of globalization.

5 Most of us need a professor of economics to explain how our horizons have been pushed back by the

opening up of new world markets.

7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make

other changes.

Teaching tips

Ss need to realize that some adjectives, eg unprecedented and plausible, that you are going to insert

should go before the nouns.

1 The water has risen to levels which we have never seen before. (unprecedented) The water has risen to unprecedented levels.

2 Can you give me any reason which I can believe to explain what has happened? (plausible)

Can you give me any plausible reason to explain what has happened?

3 I think that the decision was based on the fact that he doesn’t know anything. (ignorance)

I think that the decision was based on his ignorance.

4 The news you’ve just given me is absolutely incredible. (staggering)

5 I hope this crisis will be followed by a period in which there is no change. (stability)

6 Are computers the best thing that ever happened to us, or a piece of bad luck caused by someone who

wants to hurt us? (curse)

8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

Teaching tips

To go over the answers, T gives ten Ss a number, each between one and ten. T calls “One”, then S1 reads

Question 1 to the class. He / She should choose the correct answer and make it a complete sentence. T

calls “Two” and S2 reads Question 2 etc. T doesn’t need to say anything unless a student gives a wrong

answer. In that case, T should ask other Ss to help them.

Changing times Unit 4

129

1 If a change is dazzling, is it (a) very impressive, or (b) not impressive at all?

2 If you use clichés in your writing, does your writing (a) contain some boring words or ideas that

people have used a lot, or (b) contain lots of fresh thoughts?

3 If someone is arrogant, do they think that they (a) never, or (b) always know better than everyone else?

4 Is an entity something that (a) has, or (b) doesn’t have internal unity?

5 If you behave in a brutal way, are you (a) very gentle, or (b) very violent?

6 Do people who always grumble never seem (a) happy, or (b) unhappy about anything?

7 If you brag about something, do you talk (a) in a proud way that annoys people, or (b) patiently

because it is hard to understand?

8 Is the advent of something another way of talking about (a) the appearance, or (b) the disappearance

of something?

9 If you refer to the magnitude of a problem, do you think that it might be (a) big, or (b) small?

10 If something happens in the wake of something else, does it (a) come before it, or (b) follow it?

Language in use

in such a way / fashion that …

1 Rewrite the sentences using in such a way / fashion that …

1 Because of the way this office is built, it is difficult to avoid wasting energy on heating.

This office is built in such a way that it is difficult to avoid wasting energy on heating.

2 Due to the way in which the instructions were written, I couldn’t understand how to assemble the

product.

The instructions were written in such a fashion that I couldn’t understand how to assemble the product.

3 Because of the way in which they welcomed me, I immediately felt at home in the new office.

They welcomed me in such a way that I immediately felt at home in the new office.

4 Due to the way in which problems are dealt with, it is unlikely that the top managers ever get to know

about them.

The problems are dealt with in such a fashion that it is unlikely that the top managers ever get to know

about them.

5 Because of the way in which I was taught English, I will probably never forget it.

I was taught English in such a way that I will probably never forget it.

word formation: in-, un-, dis-

2 Look at the sentences from the passage Work in corporate America and answer the question.

What do the prefixes in-, un- and dis- have in common?

They are all negative prefixes meaning not.

3 Replace the underlined words with the word in brackets and the appropriate prefix. You may need to

make other changes.

1 I’m afraid Matthew has turned out to be no good at his job. (competent) I’m afraid Matthew has turned out to be incompetent at his job.

2 I don’t have the same opinion as you. I think he’s doing fine. (agree)

I disagree with you. I think he’s doing fine.

3 If you click here, you can cancel the last change you made to the document. (do)

If you click here, you can undo the last change you made to the document.

4 How many people are without a job in this town? (employed)

How many people are unemployed in this town?

5 I didn’t know that you had introduced all these new rules. (aware)

I was unaware that you had introduced all these new rules.

6 Obviously, it wasn’t o ur intention not to obey the orders. (obey) Obviously, it wasn’t our intention to disobey the orders.

Unit 4 Changing times

134

7 I’ve had a look at the report and I think it is not complete. (complete) I’ve had a look at the report and I think it is incomplete.

8 I don’t know my colleagues very well, but I don’t have any bad feelings towards them. (like)

I don’t know my colleagues very well, but I don’t dislike them.

9 I’m afraid that software is not compatible with our system. (compatible) I’m afraid that software is incompatible with our system.

for all + noun phrase

4 Rewrite the sentences using for all + noun phrase.

1 Although we are concerned about the environment, there is little that we can do to protect it.

For all our concern about the environment, there is little that we can do to protect it.

2 He has a lot of knowledge about the world of finance, but he doesn’t seem to know how to invest money

wisely.

For all his knowledge about the world of finance, he doesn’t seem to know how to invest money wisely.

3 Although she said a lot of kind words, I don’t think she really appreciated just how much time we had

spent on this project.

For all her kind words, I don’t think she really appreciated just how much time we had spent on this project.

4 He has hundreds of bright ideas about developing new products, but he never seems able to put them

down on paper.

For all his bright ideas about developing new products, he never seems able to put them down on paper.

5 I do have a lot of doubts about this new software, but I recognize that it is quite innovative.

For all my doubts about this new software, I recognize that it is quite innovative.

as + adj. …as

5 Rewrite the sentences using as + adj. …as.

1 I am confused about how to apply for the job. Similarly, they are confused about who can apply.

I am as confused about how to apply for the job as they are about who can apply.

2 My wife and I were worried about staying longer than we were supposed to. Similarly, our hosts were

worried that we might not have enjoyed the meal.

My wife and I were as worried about staying longer as our hosts were that we might not have enjoyed

the meal.

3 Our generation knows little about cassette recorders and record players. Similarly our parents know

little about iPods and MP3 players.

Our generation knows as little about cassette recorders and record players as our parents know about

iPods and MP3 players.

4 We are curious about what he does for a living. Similarly, he is curious about what our company does.

We are as curious about what he does for a living as he is about what our company does.

Changing times Unit 4

135

5 I have very little idea about how to shoe a horse. Similarly, he doesn’t have much idea about how to

repair a motorbike.

I have as little idea about how to shoe a horse as he has about how to repair

a motorbike.

collocations

6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.

1 margin This word usually means the space at the side of a page where you don’t write anything.

(a) Do you have a habit of jotting notes in the margin when reading books? Yes, I do. But other people just take notes on a separate piece of paper because they don’t want to

spoil the book.

(b) If you win an election by a narrow margin, how big is the victory?

The victory is not big; it is just a narrow or close victory.

(c) What sort of problems are faced by people who live on the margins of society? They may face social and economic problems because they have fewer opportunities and may find

it difficult to join the mainstream society.

(d) If the margin of error in a calculation is very small, what are the chances that the calculation is

wrong?

The chances are small and any errors are likely to be very small.

2 ignorance This word usually means lack of knowledge or facts about something.

(a) If an answer that you give betrays your ignorance, how do you feel?

You feel embarrassed because your answer has shown people your ignorance and most people do

not like to show this in public.

(b) Do you think that ignorance of the law can ever be an excuse for breaking it?

It’s a human excuse because it means that you didn’t know the law on that point, but it is not a legal

excuse.

(c) Do you know of any decisions that have been taken but which were based on ignorance?

Yes. In the early days of the stock market in China, some people bought shares

in the belief that all

shares would make money quickly, but later they lost money when the shares lost value. They bought

the shares in ignorance about how the market works and they had little idea of the risks.

3 sheer This word is usually used for emphasizing the amount or degree of something.

(a) If somebody tells you that your company is sheer delight, how would you feel?

I would feel complimented because that’s a nice thing to say to anyone. (b) If you were overcome by sheer weight of numbers, was it the quality or quantity of the opposition

that defeated you?

It would have been the quantity of the opposition, eg the large number of opponents.

(c) Do you think it is easy to climb a sheer cliff face?

Not at all, because that kind of cliff is nearly vertical and it is very difficult to climb without training.

Unit 4 Changing times

136

7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.

1 Even grown men who do market research have trouble visualizing what a public relations man does

with his day, and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as baffled about what a space

salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools needed to analyze a system.

即使是那些从事市场研究工作的成年人也难很想象公关部的人每天都在做些什么。一名普通的系统

分析师肯定不知道空间推销员在店里都干些什么，就好像空间推销员对分析系统的工具也一窍不通

一样。

2 So run the clichés, anyway. But it is only our obsession with novelty, ignorance of deeper historical

patterns and arrogant insistence on our own importance that leads us into this kind of talk. Hoping

to prove our superiority over the generations that preceded us, we boast that we live in a period of

unprecedented change. Yet there is a good case that we do not, in fact, live in very interesting times

at all.

不管怎么说，这就是那耳熟能详的套话。可是，让我们有这种论调的正是缘自我们对新奇事物的过

度迷恋，对深层次历史模式的无知，以及我们的狂妄自大。为了证明相比于先辈们的优越性，

我们

夸耀说自己生活在一个前所未有的变革期。但是，有一个很好的例子可以用来证明，实际上我们并

没有生活在多么有趣的时代。

8 Translate the paragraphs into English.

1 我们根本就看不懂他们的计划书，因为他们的观点不太容易把握。这很可能是因为我们双方对于

另一方的思维方式都感到同样的困惑。我认为应该安排一次面谈，让大家消除误会，扫除沟通的

障碍。(make of; come to grips with; it’s a safe bet that; as baffled … as) We couldn’t make of their proposal at all, because it was no easy job for us to come to grips with

their perspective. It was a safe bet that we were as much baffled about their way of thinking as they

were about ours. I think we need to arrange a meeting to clear up misunderstandings and to remove

communication barriers.

2 从与他共事二十多年的一位同事所写的传记中不难得出这样的结论：他所代表的绝对是该国二战之

后的精英阶层，他们在宗教和政治方面的观念较为保守。(nothing if not; in the wake of; in terms of)

From a biography written by one of his former colleagues who had worked with him for more than two

decades, it is not difficult to conclude that what he represented was nothing if not the elite class of the

country in the wake of World War II, who were rather conservative in terms of religious and political

views.

大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by

综合教程3课后答案详解

全新版大学英语综合教程3 课后答案UNIT 1 Vocabulary I. 1. 1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved 2) resist 6) budget 10) economic 3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting 4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about 2. 1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up 3. 1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy 2) often generate misleading thoughts 3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work 4) be suspected of doing everything for money 5) before he gets through life 4. 1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in 2) device, the improvement, on a global scale 3) stacked, temptation, never dined out

II Confusable Words 1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household 2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspect III. Word Formation 1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements 5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking 2. (Theme-related) 1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough 6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal II. Translation 1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as

大学英语综合教程答案

3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

综合教程3unit1 课后答案

Unit 1练习答案 Text comprehension IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences. (p7) 1.I planned to keep silent and act in such a way that nobody would notice that I was only a newcomer in college. 2.For three days, I had not been to the cafeteria due to my feeling of humiliation and shame. Instead, I stayed alone in my room and ate junk food of various kinds from a vending machine which was in just the right place to aid me in avoiding others. 3.It didn’t matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired; you did not have to behave to the liking of everybody else. Vocabulary I.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1.I was feeling just a bit first-gradish:I had just the feeling of a newcomer at college without the strength a mature student might possess. 2.my airs of assurance: my apparent confidence 3. a little nourishment:some food to appease my hunger (as well as my anxiety) 4.running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival: going with the tide was no longer crucial to one’s success 5.massive mistakes: foolish and glaring mistakes II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1.distress 2. clutched 3. pose 4. sneaked 5. preoccupation 6.shackles 7. curse 8. deliberation III.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1.assure 2. discretion 3. relaxation 4. humiliate 5. strategy 6.embarrassment 7. maneuverable 8. immaturity IV.Fill in the blanks in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 1.lived up to 2. headed for 3. seek out 4. has broken out 5.groped for 6. trying…on 7. go out to 8. tipped off V.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1.distinct: vague (indistinct) 2. discreetly: inconspicuously 3.reserve: self-restraint(self-control) 4. dumb: clever (intelligent, sensible) 5.demeanor：manner（behavior） 6. composed: excited 7. slink: sneak 8. na?ve: mature (sophisticated) VI.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. 1.caught on: became popular 2. look up to: respect 3. persist in: keep up 4.result in: lead to 5. figure out: understand 6. hit upon: found

大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

大学英语综合教程答案

Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.

全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and