周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-12

周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写序言

在托福备考的过程中，往往不少老师都在说得听力者得天下，而很多老师也讲提高听力的唯一有效途径是听写，在早期的教课过程中，碰到太多学生埋怨整篇的听写太耗时，太费力并且往往有力无功。是这套辨音听写是笔者本人在近6年的托福听力教学实践中总结和实践出来有针对性的提高中国考生听力能力的训练。

文章内容来源于科学美国人60秒（scientific american

60s ），并通过笔者精心挑选取出了当中符合新托福听力考试内容的文章。根据中国学生在听力训练当中遇到的难点比如连读，变音，失爆，弱音，有针对的提取出影响考生对句子理解的部分词组（词汇或短句）， 在加上科学美国人60秒（scientific american 60s ）原本就比较快的语速，这样的话能使考生快速有效的提高听力水平。

推荐使用方法：由于语速较快普通备考的学生前期很难一次听出原文中的内容，所以在练习的时候若有未听到的部分后退回去（答案就在每篇文章的末尾），反复体会直到反应出来为止。听写完后再通篇连续听上1，2次检验自己对通篇文章(包括细节)的理解。

希望这套辨音听写的材料能为大家在托福备考的过程中有效的帮助大家。 周翔圣 按

周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-12

1

After a hurricane or earthquake, people often band together and cooperate to deal with the recovery. And we’re not the only species ________________ in tough times.

Female Yuhina birds in Taiwan usually fight over space in the community nest when they’re trying to lay eggs. But in bad weather the birds ____________________.

The finding is in the journal Nature Communications .

Researchers monitored groups of yuhinas for several years, in fair and foul weather. When the scientists ________________ a game-theory model, they found that periods of fighting between female yuhinas were 50-percent shorter _________________ —which increased the overall success of the

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breeding group.

During times of heavy rain, ________________ . And getting wet means that the birds have to expend more energy to stay warm. So the birds apparently institute a truce, which _________________, and increases everyone's chance of survival. In other words, in bad weather birds of a feather stick together. —Amy Kraft

[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

1 that becomes more cooperative tend to leave each other alone combined their data with when the weather was bad food becomes scarce cuts down on energy wasted fighting

2

Plants that use animals to _____________ themselves in a pickle. They need to make fruit _________________ fauna. But they also need to make sure _____________ don’t digest the very seeds they’re meant to spread.

In Israel’s Negev Desert, a plant called sweet mignonette came up with a distasteful strategy. Critters called spiny mice feed on mignonette. They love the fruit. But they hate the seeds. ______________________ . Just as the plant planned. That’s according to a study in the journal Current Biology .

Sweet mignonette produces __________________ house about 20 seeds apiece. Inside those seeds is an enzyme. When a berry-chomping mouse crushes a seed, _________________________________ taste like hot mustard. Hence, ptooey, better leaving through chemistry.

Researchers armed with video cameras observed the mice spitting the pits like kids eating watermelon on a summer day. Nearly three-quarters of the spit-soaked seeds landed intact —and __________________ twice as fast as seeds taken directly from the fruit itself. It’s like a Dickens book: Great Expectorations.

—Karen Hopkin

[The above text is an exact transcript of this podcast.]

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2 disperse their seeds can find tasty enough to entice the local that their animal assistants And so they spit them out all over the place little black berries that the enzyme is freed up to produce compounds that they actually germinated

3

[Music] That’s Generation Zero of DarwinTunes . It’s a Web site researchers are using to study how listener preferences affect the evolution of music. A new study claims that the ___________________on music similar to natural selection. The findings support the theory that culture and art are shaped not only by their producers, but by consumers too. The report is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences .

Researchers created short tunes and allowed ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ —that is, they’d combine aspects of the parent tunes to produce a new generation of music. User ratings on the DarwinTunes ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ , with only the most appealing tunes allowed to create progeny.

The researchers found that quality increased quickly at the beginning: the random sounds ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ an awful lot like music. Here’s generation 600. [Music]

But after a while things stagnated. The researchers plan to update ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ . Meanwhile, here’s DarwinTunes generation 3000. —Evelyn Lamb [The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

３ taste of the public exerts a force them to procreate site provided the evolutionary selection rapidly gave rise to something the program to drive evolution further

4

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Every time you inhale, oxygen passes from your windpipe to your lungs and ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ . But what if your windpipe was blocked? Getting the gas straight to your blood could save your life. Wait, put down that syringe —a large air bubble in a blood vessel can kill you. But what if the bubbles were only a few millionths of a meter in diameter?

Researchers coated tiny amounts of oxygen gas with fatty molecules to create microparticles. Suspended in solution, the microparticles formed a foam containing 50 to 90 percent oxygen. In a beaker of blood, the foam ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ oxygen to the cells.

Then the researchers tested it in animals . Normally, a blocked windpipe cuts off the blood’s supply of oxyge n, leading to brain damage and death. But when rabbits with blocked windpipes ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ the microparticles, their blood oxygen levels and heart rates remained stable. The work is in the journal Science Translational Medicine .

The foam may someday buy time for human patients. So that even someone with a closed airway can breathe easy.

—Sophie Bushwick

[The above text is a transcript of this podcast.]

4 on into your bloodstream was able to quickly transfer its received injections of

5 You know what fiber's good for —to keep things moving smoothly downstairs. But it's ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. Fiber can boost the number of beneficial bacteria in your gut, too. That's according to a study in the Journal of Nutrition .

Researchers gave 20 men a daily snack bar to munch on. The bars had 21 grams of either polydextrose or soluble corn fiber — ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿cereal, pancake mixes and breakfast bars. After two weeks

researchers took stool samples, and sequenced the DNA of bacteria living in them.

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Turns out that extra fiber upped populations of Faecalibacterium —an anti-inflammatory bug ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ the gut against inflammatory bowel syndrome. Fiber also increased the numbers

of lactobacillus —the beneficial microbe in yogurt and probiotics. The researchers say these friendly ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ eat fiber because you're supplying the bugs with what they prefer to eat. Most Americans get only about 15 grams of fiber a day —half the recommended value. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ probiotics, to add new bacteria to your gut, the researchers say why not eat prebiotics like fiber, to feed the good guys already living there?

—Christopher Intagliata

5 not just for staying regular two fibers commonly added to that may protect bacteria may thrive when you Ｓo instead of focusing on

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托福听力讲义：题型分析

新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍 1. 新托福和旧托福的对比 2. 题量，时间，分数 3. 题目的考查形式 考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本 电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书 新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题 答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限 答题流程：永不悔改 4. 文章材料的考查形式 文章结构：删除了旧托福的PART A 部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查 文章长度：比旧托福长 文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活 文章类型：对话，独白，讨论 CONVERSATION文章思路 LECTURE文章思路

5. 新托福考试题型概述

新托福听力文章套路 1. 托福听力中的重点原则 原则一：大写原则 原则二：开头结尾原则：3T-2M原则 原则三：重复原则 原则四：转折对比原则 原则五：强调原则 原则六：比较原则 原则七：建议原则 原则八：举例原则 原则九：现在原则 原则十：解释原则 原则十一：因果原则 原则十二：观点态度原则 原则十三：特殊问句原则 2. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 1——CONVERSATION 3. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 2——LECTURE 新托福考试题型及解题策略 4. GIST QUESTION主旨目的题 什么是主旨目的题？ requires the listener to understand critical vocabulary phrases or facts from several points in a text and to interpret to identify the key points of the text. Questions that test understanding the gist may require you to generalize or synthesize information in what you hear. 如何识别主旨目的题？ What are the students mainly discussing? ETS

托福听写作业3

托福听写作业3 听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面） We have been look afire for biological for expective and some of us wherther attendency to be fireful with genetic. While some study done with mind indicate that namals do in heary firfulnate to sound great. In one study for instence, a group of mice with place in the breaslise open bars with no highting place, some of mice wondered around the bars indided appeared to the barthered about being so exposed, but other didn't move they see other gain though one word that indidcate they were freed. while a furful mice or mice see anxcious mice like one who stay in one ways clays when one checkly were bride or one other repidly after about 12 or so generation than all of offspring show similar sense of furfulnate and even new born now from this generation was rise by a mother and would other mice for anthor furful that not deal candi for anthor doll. Now why is it? while it though specific gene and animal's body have infulency anxious behavior, this gene that are sociate would crediciouls nervise severous cepters in the brind and degree of overall safe animal interdepent in large part and apersent or absence in this nervise celary cepter and this appear to apply to uion as well by the way but well atendency tour exserty under fire take will maybe has more to do was indevious envervoument. so a pertiourly frie like a fur of neck or fur of expectency is not gmitic but the opearal attendency to help your reaponses is. 订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面） We've been looking at fear from a biological perspective, and someone asked whether the tendency to be fearful is genetic. What some studies done with mice indicate that mammals do inherit fearfulness to some degree. In one study, for instance, a group of mice was placed in a brightly lit open box with no hiding place. Some of the mice wandered around the box and didn't appear to be bothered about being so exposed. But other mice didn't move. They stayed up 熬夜against one wall which indicated that they were afraid. Well, when fearful mice, or you might say anxious mice like the ones who stayed in one place, when mice like these were bred with one another repeatedly, after about twelve or so generations, then all of the offspring showed similar signs of fearfulness. And even when a new born mouse from this generation was raised by a mother and with other mice who were not fearful, that mouse still tended to be fearful as an adult. Now why is this? Well it's thought that specific genes in an animal's body have an influence on anxious behavior. These are genes that are associated with particular nerve-cell receptors in the brain. And the degree of overall of fearfulness in the mammal seems to depend in large part on the presence or absence of these nerve-cell receptors. And this appears to apply to humans as well by the way. But while a tendency towards anxiety and fear may well be an inherited trait, the specific form that the fear takes has more to do with the individual's environment. So a particular fear, like a fear of snakes or the fear of spider, say, is not genetic, but the overall tendency to have fearful responses, is. 正确原文：

托福听力资料托福tpo15听力文本 (1)

【托福听力资料】托福TPO15 听力文本-Lecture 3 众所周知，托福TPO材料是备考托福听力最好的材料。相信众多备考托福的同学也一直在练习这套材料，那么在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福TPO听力练习的文本，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。 TPO 15 Lecture 3 Art History Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class. Professor: Now in Europe in the Middle Ages before the invention of printing and the printing press, all books, all manuscripts were hand-made. And the material typically used for the pages was parchment, which is animal skin that’s stretched and dried under tension, so it become s really flat and can be written on . During the 1400s, when printing was being developed, paper became the predominant material for books in Europe, but prior to that, it was parchment. Parchment is durable, much more so than paper, and it could be reused which came in handy since it was a costly material and in short supply, so it wasn ’ t uncommon for the scribes or monks who produced the manuscripts . Ah, remember before printing books were made mainly in monasteries . Well, the scribes often recycled the parchment that’d been used for earlier manuscripts. They simply erased the ink off the parchment and wrote something new in its place A manuscript page that was written on, erased and then used again is called a palimpsest. Palimpsests were created, well, we know about two methods that were used for removing ink from parchment. In the late Middle Ages, it was customary to scrape

周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-11

周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写序言 在托福备考的过程中，往往不少老师都在说得听力者得天下，而很多老师也讲提高听力的唯一有效途径是听写，在早期的教课过程中，碰到太多学生埋怨整篇的听写太耗时，太费力并且往往有力无功。是这套辨音听写是笔者本人在近6年的托福听力教学实践中总结和实践出来有针对性的提高中国考生听力能力的训练。 文章内容来源于科学美国人60秒（scientific american 60s ），并通过笔者精心挑选取出了当中符合新托福听力考试内容的文章。根据中国学生在听力训练当中遇到的难点比如连读，变音，失爆，弱音，有针对的提取出影响考生对句子理解的部分词组（词汇或短句）， 在加上科学美国人60秒（scientific american 60s ）原本就比较快的语速，这样的话能使考生快速有效的提高听力水平。 推荐使用方法：由于语速较快普通备考的学生前期很难一次听出原文中的内容，所以在练习的时候若有未听到的部分后退回去（答案就在每篇文章的末尾），反复体会直到反应出来为止。听写完后再通篇连续听上1，2次检验自己对通篇文章(包括细节)的理解。 希望这套辨音听写的材料能为大家在托福备考的过程中有效的帮助大家。 周翔圣 按 周翔圣托福听力讲义-辨音听写-11 1 Flavors Fluctuate With Temperature Does an ice-cold drink actually taste better than the same beverage at room temperature? _______________________: a new study finds that the intensity of some flavors varies with temperature. The work is in the journal Chemosensory Perception. Researchers took solutions that tasted bitter, sour, sweet, or astringent —a flavor found in legumes and raw _______________ a dry, puckering feel in the mouth. They either chilled the solutions to 5 degrees Celsius, the recommended temperature for keeping food cool…or heated the solutions to 35 degrees Celsius, a couple degrees below human body temperature. ______________ the tastes. Both sour and astringent solutions tasted stronger at warm temperatures, and __________________ than it did with chilled 周 翔 圣 的 托 福 讲 义 我的微博：h t t p ://w e i b o .c o m /z x i a n g s h e n g Q Q ：331447992 w w w .y o u x u e d u .c n 优 旭 教 育

新托福结构听力法-张艳

新托福结构听力法 什么是结构听力法？ 自从托福变得iBT（变态）之后，大家都感觉到托福考试非常难。究其因由是因为考试不再是单纯的考单项，而是综合考试。除了阅读部分之外，都是三项综合考察。而在这几项能力的考察中，听力的考察尤其频繁。除了阅读，每个部分都涉及到听录音，记笔记。因此，听力部分的好坏，直接关系着整个托福考试的成败。因此找到攻克听力的方法尤为重要。教授托福听力多年，我总结出来，新托福听力所考察的，就是大家能否抓住主要内容的能力，能否忽略细小的细节，抓住最主要的结构，不管是听力部分，还是口语或者写作，都需要考生具备这种能力，因此我用“结构听力法”命名我的教学法。 所谓的结构听力法，顾名思义就是学会如何抓主要结构。首先，我们可以分析一下托福听力的考察方面。根据官方指南所给出的托福听力对技能的考察，我们可以看出，托福听力主要考察三个方面： 1. basic understanding （基本理解）50% 2. pragmatic understanding （实际理解）25% 3. connecting information （连接信息）25 `% 而这三个方面如果再详细的分析的话，可以看出具体是考察6种技能： 1. identifying the topic and main idea （主题） 2. listen for details (主要细节) 3. determining attitude and purpose （态度，目的，重放题较多） 4. making inferences and predictions （推断题） 5. categorization information （分类） 6. summering a process （过程） 从上面的考察点我们可以看出，托福听力考察大结构，不考小细节，另外根据美国的思维方式，我们还要熟知，答托福题，一定要直线思维，不能用推理思维。 大结构Vs 小细节 直线思维Vs. 推理思维 关于直线思维给大家举个例子： 有个重放录音题目，录音播放的是：“…easy solutions if you could afford it!”其中大家会定位到两个选项上： B. The solution she describes is obvious. C. The solution was not a common practice. 如果按照推理思维，我们会选C，因为里面提到了如果负担得起就是简单的方法。大家的思路是这样的，负担得起就是简单的方法，那引申义就是很多人都负担不起，因此不是一个常见的做法。其实答案是B，ETS想考你的就是，easy solutions, 对应的表达意思就是obvious.

托福听力常见单词大全

托福听力常见单词大全 托福听力中的词汇常常是考生最为头痛的，托福词汇量太大怎么记?学识网为大家带来托福听力常见单词大全，本汇总将按照话题对词汇进行分类，便于考生记忆。托福听力常见单词:关于地质学 Geology 地质学 Slide n. 滑坡 Landslide n.山体滑坡 Mud 泥土, soil 土壤 Earth n. 土 Sink v.下沉 Ground water 地下水 Irrigation n. 灌溉 Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻 Melt v.融化 molten Gravity n.重心 Aggravate v.加重 Lean v.倾斜 Slope n.斜坡 Steep adj.陡峭 Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀 Fossil n.化石 Dinosaur n.恐龙 Sediment, deposit 沉淀物 Marble 大理石 granite 花岗岩 Ore 矿石 Stalactite 钟乳石 Refine v. 提炼 Platinum v. 铂金 Seismology 地震学 Vibration, tremor, 震动 Wave 波动 Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的 Volcanic eruption 火山喷发 Magnitude 级数 Collision n.碰撞 Active adj.积极的 Dormant adj.休眠的 Extinct adj. 熄灭的

Magma n.岩浆 Lava n.岩浆 Erupt v.喷发 explode v.爆炸 (explosion) boom n.爆炸 Blast n.爆炸 Avalanche n.雪崩 托福听力常见单词:关于地球科学 地球科学 Earth’s interior 地球的内部 Seismic waves地震波 Compression 压缩 Shear (a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves) Slow down 减慢速度 Reflect 反射 Depth深度 Density 密度 Boundary边界 Mantle 地幔 Crust 地壳 Core地心 Continental plate 大陆板块 Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块 Continental drift 大陆漂移 Layer, strata 层 Stratify 分层 Crack 裂缝 Molten lava 融化的岩浆 Climatic shift= Climatic changes气候变化 Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的 Solar energy太阳能 Radiate 发射，放射 Crude approximation 大概的猜测 Speculation猜测 Cooling down 冷却 Mechanism 机制 Length of the day Physical force 体力

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为我们没理解听到的内容。听写真正应该做的是记忆和总结的工作，而不是听和写的工作。什么叫做记忆和总结，就是我们不需要完全按顺序重复这一个人的每一个字，但我们要做到能理解它的内容，并在总结后复述出来。这才是我们练听写真正的目地。如果我们总是反复听原文，一个字一个字写，可能半个小时才写了一个五分钟的文章，而这半小时的投入可能就没有达到什么提高听力水平的效果。 听写材料的长度应该是一分钟左右的。千万不能用太长的。曾经有一个同学跟我说，张老师我在练听写。我今天听写的是马丁·路德·金的著名的演讲“I have a dream”。这得写多久啊！ 爱思英语网听写频道推荐练习精听的材料包括：老托福听力材料中，Part C的lectures。新托福iBT的lectures很长，大家可以分成几次来练听写。同时，新概念英语二册三册的lectures也可以用来练习。这里面有一个时间问题，如果你就剩一两个月就要去参加考试，一定记住所有的练习内容都应该是和你要参加考试直接相关的材料。而且由于时间比较紧，就不建议天天练听写。一周练个两三次足矣。所以说很多时候，学习方法没有对错，只有在特定时期如何练习的区别。

(完整版)托福听力场景学科分类词汇大全

新托福IBT听力场景词汇 对话场景 选课 学科 major主修mi nor畐寸修scie nee 理科,arts 文科,engin eeri ng 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology生物学geography地理学electr onics 电子学computer scie nee计算机科学astr onomy天文学electr onics engin eeri ng 电子工程学bota ny植物学psychology 心理学zoology动物学architecture 建筑学ocea no graphy 海洋学ecology生态学medical scie nee 医学archaeology 考古学history历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies教育学，教学法an thropology 人类学econo mics经济学statistics 统计学acco un ti ng 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/opti onal course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座semi nar高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial个人辅导课程 workshop专题课程 级别 Introductory 入门级eleme ntary, fun dame ntal 初级 In termediate, sec on dary 中级Adva need 高级 Prerequisite先修课程 上课： Atte nd class 上课 Miss class 缺课 Skip class 逃课 Syllabus教学大纲 Required textbook 要求的课本 Atte ndance 出勤 Gradi ng system 打分体系Class participati on 课堂参与杂 semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideli ne 课程纲要major主修mi nor畐寸修exempti on 免修syllabus 教学大纲 Professor ' siatgre教授的签字（用于 注册课程） Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）， openings （可供注册的名额） Take选（课）,drop 退（课） Late registrati on 晚注册 Deregistrati on 注￥肖 教师称号 professor 教授 lecturer = in structor 讲师teach ing assista nt = TA 助教research assista nt = RA 助研coun selor, adviser 咨询者，顾问preside nt大学校长 teacher/faculty 教师stude nt's advisor 学生顾问physicist物理学家mathematicia n 数学家chemist化学家historia n历史学家statisticia n统计学 家 作业、论文 assig nment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork =studies 作业lab report实验报告book report读书报告project 作业prese ntati on 发言term paper 学期论文（research pap》thesis/essay/dissertatio n 论文journal 学术期干刊social inv estigati on 社会调查survey调查questionnaire n调查表,问卷observati on n 观察in terview vt. n.采访collect data收集数据broad （论文等）内容宽泛n arrow dow n