新编英语教程 第5册 unit 10

Unit 10 The Science of Custom

I. Objective

With the introduction of the definition of “custom” and what custom might affect our life, the teacher is supposed to help the students to master the author’s personal view on custom and her reason of revealing to us readers why an unbiased study of different cultures is of utmost importance. In addition, the varied ways employed by the writer in arguing for her points should be called into attention.

II. Teaching Steps

Step One: Get the students to do all the preparation work listed before

the text on the Student’s Book.

Step Two: Ask two students to give the oral report on their Dictionary Work

and Library work in front of the class respectively.

Step Three: Have a class discussion on the title and the things related to custom.

Step Four: Explain the text to students, focusing on the following language

points as well as the organization and development of the text.

Step Five: Get students to do the related exercises in Work Book.

III: Major points: Language points, text structure

IV: difficult points: Language points

V． Time allocation：

4 classes are needed to finish the lesson

VI Background Knowledge

Time needed: 45 minutes

Teaching approaches: asking questions, group discussions, PPT

1.Ruth Benedict (author)

(See p148 of SB)

2.John Dewey(L29)

a.1859-1952;

b.U.S. philosopher, psychologist, and educator;

c.One of the founders of the philosophical school of pragmatism;

d.Representative of the progressive movement in U.S. education;

3.custom(L18)

a.Meaning: (U.) usual and generally accepted behaviour among members of a social

group;

b.Meaning: (C.) a particular way of behaving which, because it has long been

established, is observed by individuals and social groups;

4.cacti (L50)

a Meaning: a thick fleshy plant that grows in deserts;

c.Singular Form: cactus

5.nebulae(L50)

a.Meaning: a cloud of dust and gas in space;

b.Singular Form: nebula

The following four items are from the P. 73 of TB

6.custom(L18)

a.Meaning: a habit or practice that has come to be associated with an individual

or a group by reason of its long continuance, its uniformity of character, and sometimes its compulsory nature;

b.Example: It is his custom to smoke each evening after dinner.

7.habit(L39)

a.Meaning: the way of an individual than to the way of a community;

b.Example: He has acquired the habit of clearing his throat before he speaks in

public.

8.Behavior(L20)

a.Meaning: a person’s actions in general or on a particular occasion;

b.Example: His behavior is very ridiculous.

9.institution(L27)

a.Meaning: a habit, custom, etc., which has been in existence for a long time;

b.Example: The institution of slavery was once widespread in the south of the United

States.

10.Sea Dyaks(L7)

Meaning: another name for the Iban people, an indigenous people

inhabiting parts of Borneo, an island in the Malay Archipelago.

11New Guinea tribe(L9)

Meaning: the second largest island in the world to the north of Australia;.

VII Language points

Time needed: 90minutes.

Teaching approaches: examples, explanation, and application

1.anthropology(L1)

a.Meaning: the scientific study of people, society, and culture

b.Derivative: anthropologist (n.) anthropological (adj.)

2.be bound to (L11)

a. a phrase

b.Meaning: something is certain to happen;

c.Example: There are bound to be price increases next year.

3.weighting(L11)

a.Meaning: to bias or slant to a particular direction, as in order to favor someone;

b.Example: The current electoral law is still heavily weighted in favor of the

ruling party.

4.. gamut(L13)

a.Meaning: the complete range of something, a great variety of something;

b.Example: I experienced the gamut of emotions.

5.aberrant(L23)

a.Meaning: deviating from what is usual or normal

b.Example: His rages and aberrant behavior worsened.

6.pristine(L26)

a.Meaning: unchanged by later developments, pure

b.Example: It’s impossible for any people to view all things with pristine eyes.

7.vernacular(L33)

a.Meaning: everyday language or speech;

b.Example: He loves reading books written in the vernacular.

8.autonomous(L34)

a.Meaning: govern or control itself rather than being controlled;

b.Example: They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.

9.accommodation(L36)

a.Meaning: adaptation;

b.Example: The government will provide temporary accommodation for people sleeping

rough in London.

10.incumbent(upon someone) (L43)

a.Meaning: being the duty or responsibility of someone;

b.Example: It is incumbent upon all of us as loyal citizens to make an extra effort.

11.unintelligible(L45)

a.Meaning: not understandable;

b.Example: All written by this guy is unintelligible.

12.preliminary(L46)

a.Meaning: activities taken at the very beginning;

b.Example: Preliminary talks on the future will begin next day.

13.proposition(L46)

a.Meaning: a statement or an idea one can consider or discuss to decide if it is

true;

b.Example: The proposition that democracies do not fight each other is based on

a tiny historical sample.

14.preferential (L48)

a.Meaning: be treated better than other people; have an advantage over somebody;

b.Example: Despite her position, she is not supposed to be given any preferential

treatment.

15.variant(L54)

a.Meaning: a different of something;

b.Example: There are so many variant spellings of his name.

16.premise(L61)

a.Meaning: something one uses as a basis for developing an idea;

b.Example: The programme started from the premise that men and women are on equal

terms in this society.

17. hold sway over(L57)

a. a phrase

b.Meaning: have control over;

c.Example: A completely different approach seems to hold sway.

VIII. Organization and Development and text study

Time needed: 90 minutes

Teaching approaches: asking questions, group discussions, PPT, paraphrasing

Part One: Introduction

Paragraph 1: The author gives the definition of anthropology.

Part Two: Body

Paragraph2: The author emphasizes the distinguishing mark of anthropology since it is a serious study involving other societies than America.

Paragraph3: Custom plays a predominant role in a lot of ways.

Paragraph4: The author discusses the difficulties for any person to look at the world with pristine eyes.

Paragraph5: The precondition for any scientific study is that there be no preferential weighting of one or another of the items in the series it selects for its consideration.

Part Three: Conclusion

Paragraph6: The author concludes the article by calling them Americans not to be held sway by any biased attitude in the field of anthropology.

IX: Home work:

Finish the exercises on work book

X: Contents tested:

1. Language points

2.paraphrases

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Unit 8 1.By five o’clock this evening he ________in Hong Kong. A has been traveling B is to travel C having traveled D will be traveling 2. Mary _______ this movie until yesterday. A didn’t see B hadn’t seen C wasn’t seeing D hasn’t seen 3. I’d rather that you _______ tell him. A don’t B not C didn’t D can’t 4. Yesterday he promised that he ________ today, but he hasn’t appeared yet. A will come B is coming C would have come D would come 5. The city of Montreal ________ over 70 squares miles. A covers B that covers C covering D is covered 6. Experiments in the photography of moving subjects__________ in both the United States and Europe well before 1900. A have been conducting B were conducting C had been conducted D being conducted 7. By next August, I ________ here for two years. A have been living B had been living C will have been living D will live 8. We _______ 15 lessons by the end of last year. A learned B learn C had learned D had been learning 9. A strange woman _______ the room and _______ the window. A enters is closing B entered closed C entered had closed D enters close 10. I’ll go with you as long as I ________ to sing. A won’t have B don’t have C haven’t D am not having 11.Xiao Li _______ home, otherwise he would have phoned me. A have got B ought to have got C couldn’t have got D shouldn’t have got 12. Mary is not so interested in music as she _______. A was used to B was used to be C use to D used to be 13. He ought to be punished, _______ he? A shouldn’t B can’t C oughtn’t to D shan’t 14. What are you doing? You ________ be studying now. A may B should C shall D would 15. You are certainly right, whatever others _______ say. A must B may C should D can 16. His wife _______ him three fine children. A has born B borne C has borne D was born 17. This coat _______ you. A isn’t fit by B isn’t fit C does not fit D does not fit for 18. My watch doesn’t work very well and it ________. A need to be repaired B needs to repair C needs repairing D is needed to repair 19. George would certainly have attended the meeting_________. A if he didn’t miss the bus B if he hadn’t missed the bus C had he not had missed the bus D had he missed the bus 20. The porter insisted _____ us with our luggage A to help B on helping C he can help D in helping

新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit4)

Unit Four 看不到的贫穷/穷人 在美国，数以百万计的穷人日趋隐形。虽然他们的群体是如此的庞大，但是要看到他们非得有足够的智慧和意志不可。 我是亲自通过一种奇特的方式发现这一点的。在我完成第一篇有关美国贫困的文章后，所有的统计数字就都跃然纸上了。令我感到满足的是，我总算证明出在这个国家有大约50,000,000穷人。但是我意识到我并不相信自己得出的数字。穷人存在于政府的报告中，仅仅是一系列长长的而且紧紧相连的栏目中的数字和百分比，并未溶入我的经历。我能够证明另一个美国的存在，但却从未去过那里。 有些长期造成的原因使另一个美国成为一个看不到的国度。 贫穷常常产生在人迹罕至的地方。而且总是如此。普通游客从来不会离开主干道，而现在他往来于洲际高速公路。他不去宾夕法尼亚的山谷，那里的市镇宛如电影里的三四十年代威尔士的场景。他没有看到一排排的工厂住房和布满车辙的马路（无论是住在城市、乡镇或农场，穷人的路都不好走），所有的东西都黑乎乎脏兮兮的。即使游客碰巧经过这些地方，他也不会见到酒吧里的失业男人和彻头彻尾的血汗工厂里收工回家的妇女。 其次，美景和神话是贫穷永久的面具。旅游者在宜人的季节来到阿巴拉契亚山。他看到了山川，溪流，树叶——但没有贫穷。或者也许他看着一栋破败的山居，更多联想到的是卢梭而不是用他的眼睛进行仔细观察，于是他断定“那些人”真的很幸运，能够按照自己的方式生活，能够幸运地免除中产阶级的紧张和压力。他们唯一的问题是“那些人”，那些山中奇特的居民，没有受过良好的教育，生活水平低下，缺乏医疗保障，正处在被迫离开土地涌入城市讨生活的过程，而在城市里他们无所适从。 这些都是造成贫穷隐形的正常而且显而易见的原因。这些原因几十年前就起作用，此后几十年将继续起作用。更为重要的是要知道随着美国社会的发展，一种新型式的对贫穷的忽视正在出现。穷人正在逐渐从人们的经历和意识中淡出。 如果说中产阶级从来就不喜欢丑陋和贫穷，至少他们以前知道有这么回事儿。“在贫民区”并不是很远的一段路。圣诞节时他们会涉足贫民窟，也有慈善机构与穷人保持联系。只要到商业区工作或娱乐，几乎每个人都时不时经过黑人聚居区或廉价公寓区。 现在美国的城市被改造了，穷人们依然居住在市中心极差的住宅群里，但是他们逐步与外界孤立，无法进入任何人的视线。中产阶级妇女难得进城在剧院里消磨一个晚上，途中可能会瞥见另一个美国，但他们的孩子被隔离在郊外的学校里。商人或职员们可能驾车或搭公车经过贫民窟的边缘，但这对他们来说并不算是一个很重要的经历。那些一败涂地的，无一技之长的，伤残的，年老的以及少数民族（弱势群体）就在那里，他们一直以来就住的贫民窟里。但是除此之外，那里没有任何其他人。 总而言之，美国城市的发展把贫穷状况从人们的生活当中消除，从成百上千美国中产阶级的情感体验中消除。幽居在郊区，人们很容易想象，我们的社会确实是富足的。 更糟的是，这种对贫穷的新的隔离混合着一种善意的无知。很多富有同情心的美国人都清楚有许多关于城市改建的讨论。当他们驾车经过市区时，突然注意到一个熟悉的贫民窟被推倒，曾经是廉价公寓和简易房子的地方屹立起现代化的高楼大厦，一种温暖的满足感油然而生。他们为问题的解决感到由衷欣慰：很显然，穷人受到很好的关照。 具有讽刺意味的是：事实跟这种印象恰恰截然相反。美国战后各种各样的住房项目所造成的总的影响是把越来越多的人塞进现有的贫民窟中……。着装也使穷人们趋于隐形。美国的穷人是全世界穿得最好的穷人。由于多种原因，大规模生产带来的好处在这一领域比其它领域分布得更平均。在美国，一个人轻而易举就可以穿着体面，但说到体面的居住环境，良好的饮食和医疗条件就是不那么容易了。即使收入来源十分窘迫的人也能穿的有模有样，看

李观仪《新编英语教程》(修订版)学习指南(Unit3)【圣才出品】

Unit 3 一、词汇短语 Text I 1. anecdote []n. short account of an incident(especially a biographical one)趣闻，轶事；(复数)秘史 2. admirable [] adj. deserving of the highest esteem or admiration令人钦佩的；极好的，绝妙的；值得赞扬的e g. She did an admirable job of holding the audience’s attention. 她做了件值得钦佩的 事：吸引了观众的注意力。 3. knack [] n. a special way of doing something诀窍，窍门；熟练技术，技巧；需要技巧的工作；巧妙手法 4. awe [] n. an overwhelming feeling of wonder or admiration敬畏；惊惧；惊叹 5. inflection [] n. a manner of speaking in which the loudness or pitch or tone of the voice is modified变音，转调

6. awry [] adj. turned or twisted toward one side歪斜地；错误地 7. endearing [] adj. 10vable especially in a childlike or naive way 使人喜欢的，讨人喜欢的 8. vestige [] n. an indication that something has been present遗迹；退化的器官；残余部分 9. prodigy [] n. an unusually gifted or intelligent(young)person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration奇才，天才(尤指神 童) 10. dullard [] n. a person who is not very bright愚人，笨蛋 11. calculus [] n. the branch of mathematics that is concerned with limits and with the differentiation and integration of functions(数) 运算，演算，微积分(学) 12. stationary [] adj. standing still；not capable of being moved不动的，固定的；静止的 13. abreast [] adv. alongside each other，facing on the same direction

(完整版)新编英语教程5册Unit1的答案

Comprehension I. Judge which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the article. A. To be able to use the right word is an important component of one’s mastery of the English language. B. To facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language. C. It is more important to know exactly the meaning and use of a relatively small number of words than to know vaguely a larger number. II. Determine which is the best choice for each of the following questions. 1. “Clean English” in the first paragraph means . A. English of a dignified style B. English free from swear words C. English which is precise and clear 2.The word “realization” in the sentence “Choosing words is part of the process of realization…” means . A. articulating sounds B. fulfilling one’s goals C. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels

新编实用英语综合教程

新编实用英语综合教程 1. Education is your first priority As soon as you arrive on campus, there will be competing interests. Feel free to check them out but always remember that you are there first and foremost for your education. Go to class prepared and on time. Be engaged during class. Make sure your professor knows you and realizes that you care. 2. Be responsible Do what you say you will do and, if you can't, own up to it early and communicate clearly. But being responsible isn't just about meeting your commitments; it is also about taking care of you, your body, and your friends. 3. Take the opportunity Incredible opportunities will present themselves: studying abroad, interning at a unique place, trying new things. Don't let fear prevent you from taking advantage of them. Say yes to opportunities that will help you grow.

李观仪《新编英语教程(修订版)》学习指南-Unit 7【圣才出品】

Unit 7 一、单元语法 本单元主要涉及动词不定式。动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1．作主语 动词不定式作主语时常常用it作形式主语，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：It’s easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。 It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.目睹轮船沉入大海，真是太可怕了。 2．作宾语 I don’t want to lend him my bike.我不想把自行车借给他。 有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有形式宾语it。例如： Do you think it is necessary for us to take extra courses？ 你认为有必要学习额外的课程吗？ 3．作表语 My job is to take care of the flowers in the garden.我的工作是照料花园里的花。 4．作宾语补足语 The teacher asked me to hand in my paper.老师让我把论文交上去。 5．作定语

动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。例如： In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.我在梦里总是做一些艰难的工作。 6．作状语 （1）表示目的 He gets up early to catch the train.为了赶火车，他起得很早。 （2）表示结果：动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough连用。例如： The box is too heavy to carry.这个盒子太重，搬不动。 The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people. 加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。 7．和某些形容词连用。和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有 sure，ready，happy，sorry，afraid等。例如： I’m glad to see you.很高兴见到你。 I’m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你了。 8．和疑问词who, what, when, where, which, how构成不定式短语作宾语。例如： I don’t know when to set off.我不知道什么时候动身。 Can you tell me how to get to the railway station? 你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？ 9．一些感官动词或使役动词接不定式短语作宾语补足语时，不定式标志to省略，如，let, make, see, watch, hear等。 The boss made them work 10 hours a day.老板每天让他们工作10小时。 I heard her play the piano last night.昨天晚上我听见她在弹钢琴。