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宏观经济学专业术语英语词汇及其翻译考博

宏观经济学专业术语英语词汇及其翻译考博
宏观经济学专业术语英语词汇及其翻译考博

宏观经济学所有的专业词汇的英文缩写及其翻译

2019-03-21 豆丁网密码了

A

accounting 会计

accounting cost 会计成本

accounting profit 会计利润

adverse selection 逆向选择

allocation配置[?l?'ke??n]

allocation of resources 资源配置

allocative efficiency配置效率[,?l?'ket?v]

antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法[?nti'tr?st]

arc elasticity弧弹性[i?l?'st?s?ti]

Arrow's impossibility theorem阿罗不可能定理['θi??r?m]

Assumption 假设

asymmetric information非对称性信息[e?s?'metr?k]

average 平均

average cost 平均成本

average cost pricing 平均成本定价法['pra?s??]

average fixed cost 平均固定成本

average product of capital 资本平均产量

average product of labour 劳动平均产量

average revenue 平均收益

average total cost 平均总成本

average variable cost 平均可变成本

B

barriers to entry 进入壁垒

base year 基年

bilateral monopoly 双边垄断[ba?'l?t?r?l]

benefit 收益

black market 黑市

bliss point 极乐点[bl?s]

boundary point 边界点

break even point 收支相抵点

budget 预算

budget constraint 预算约束

budget line 预算线

budget set 预算集

C

capital 资本

capital stock 资本存量[stɑ?k]

capital output ratio 资本产出比率

capitalism 资本主义

cardinal utility theory 基数效用论['kɑ?rd?nl] [ju?'t?l?ti]

cartel 卡特尔

ceteris puribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设

ceteris puribus demand curve 其他因素不变的需求曲线Chamberlin model 张伯伦模型

change in demand 需求变化

change in quantity demanded 需求量变化

change in quantity supplied 供给量变化[s?'pla?d]

change in supply 供给变化

choice 选择

closed set 闭集

Coase theorem 科斯定理

Cobb—Douglas production function 柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobweb model 蛛网模型

collective bargaining 集体协议工资['bɑ?rɡ?n??]

collusion 合谋[k?'lu??n]

command economy 指令经济

commodity 商品

commodity combination 商品组合

commodity market 商品市场

commodity space 商品空间

common property 公用财产

comparative static analysis 比较静态分析

compensated budget line 补偿预算线

compensated demand function 补偿需求函数compensation principles 补偿原则

compensating variation in income 收入补偿变量competition 竞争

competitive market 竞争性市场

complement goods 互补品['kɑ?mpl?ment]

complete information 完全信息

completeness 完备性[k?m'pli?tn?s]

condition for efficiency in exchange 交换的最优条件condition for efficiency in production 生产的最优条件concave 凹['k?nkev]

concave function 凹函数

concave preference 凹偏好

consistence 一致性

constant cost industry 成本不变产业['?nd?stri]

constant returns to scale 规模报酬不变

constraints 约束

Constraint condition 约束条件

consumer 消费者

consumer behavior 消费者行为

consumer choice 消费者选择

consumer equilibrium 消费者均衡[?i?kw?'l?bri?m]

consumer optimization 消费者优化

consumer preference 消费者偏好

consumer surplus 消费者剩余['s??rpl?s]

consumer theory 消费者理论

consumption 消费

consumption bundle 消费束

consumption combination 消费组合

consumption possibility curve 消费可能曲线

consumption possibility frontier 消费可能性前沿

consumption set 消费集

consumption space 消费空间

continuity 连续性[?k?nt?'nju??ti]

continuous function 连续函数

contract curve 契约曲线

convex 凸['k?nveks]

convex function 凸函数

convex preference 凸偏好

convex set 凸集

corporatlon 公司

cost 成本

cost benefit analysis 成本收益分

cost function 成本函数

cost minimization 成本极小化

Cournot equilibrium 古诺均衡

Cournot model 古诺模型

Cross—price elasticity 交叉价格弹性

D

dead—weights loss 重负损失

decreasing cost industry 成本递减产业increasing cost industry 成本递增产业diseconomies of scale 规模不经济

decreasing returns to scale 规模报酬递减increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增deduction 演绎法[d?'d?k?n]

demand 需求

demand curve 需求曲线

demand elasticity 需求弹性[?i?l?'st?s?ti]

demand function 需求函数

demand price 需求价格

demand schedule 需求表

depreciation 折旧[d??pri??i'e??n] appreciation增值[??pri??i'e??n]

derivative 导数[d?'r?v?t?v]

derive demand 派生需求

difference equation 差分方程[?'kwe??n]

differential equation 微分方程[?d?f?'ren?l] integral equation积分['?nt?ɡr?l] differentiated good 差异商品[d?f?'ren??e?t?d]

differentiated oligopoly 差异寡头[??l?'g?p?l?]

diminishing marginal substitution 边际替代率递减

diminishing marginal return 收益递减

diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减

direct approach 直接法

direct taxes 直接税

discounting 贴税、折扣

diseconomies of scale 规模不经济[?d?s?'k?n?m?]

disequilibrium 非均衡[?d?s?i?kw?'l?bri?m]

distribution 分配

division of labour 劳动分工

distribution theory of marginal productivity 边际生产率分配论

duopoly 双头垄断、双寡[du?'ɑ?p?li]

duality 对偶[du?'?l?ti]

durable goods 耐用品

dynamic analysis 动态分析[da?'n?m?k]

dynamic models 动态模型

E

Economic agents 经济行为者

economic cost 经济成本

economic efficiency 经济效率

economic goods 经济物品

economic man 经济人

economic mode 经济模型

economic profit 经济利润

economic region of production 生产的经济区域

economic regulation 经济调节

economic rent 经济租金

exchange 交换

economics 经济学

exchange efficiency 交换效率

economy 经济

exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线['kɑ?ntr?kt] economy of scale 规模经济

Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思图[??d??w?θ] exclusion 排斥性、排他性

Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型

efficiency 效率,效益

efficiency parameter 效率参数[p?'r?m?t?r] elasticity 弹性[?i?l?'st?s?ti]

elasticity of substitution 替代弹性

endogenous variable 内生变量[en'dɑ?d??n?s] endowment 禀赋[?n'da?m?nt]

endowment of resources 资源禀赋

Engel curve 恩格尔曲线

entrepreneur 企业家[?ɑ?ntr?pr?'n??r] entrepreneurship 企业家才能

entry barriers 进入壁垒

entry/exit decision 进出决策

envelope curve 包络线[?n'vel?p]

equilibrium 均衡

equilibrium condition 均衡条件

equilibrium price 均衡价格

equilibrium quantity 均衡产量

equity 公平['ekw?ti]

equivalent variation in income 收入等价变量excess—capacity theorem 过度生产能力定理excess supply 过度供给[?k'ses]

exchange 交换

exchange contract curve 交换契约曲线

exclusion 排斥性、排他性

exclusion principle 排他性原则

existence 存在性

existence of general equilibrium 总体均衡的存在性exogenous variables 外生变量[ek'sɑ?d??n?s] expansion paths 扩展径

expectation 期望[?ekspek'te??n]

expected utility 期望效用

expected value 期望值

expenditure 支出

explicit cost 显性成本

external benefit 外部收益

external cost 外部成本

external economy 外部经济

external diseconomy 外部不经济[?d?s?'k?n?m?]

externalities 外部性[ekst??'n?l?t?z]

F

Factor 要素

factor demand 要素需求

factor market 要素市场

factors of production 生产要素

factor substitution 要素替代

factor supply 要素供给

fallacy of composition 合成谬误['f?l?si]

final goods 最终产品

firm 企业

firms’demand curve for labor 企业劳动需求曲线

firm supply curve 企业供给曲线

first-degree price discrimination 第一级价格歧视

first—order condition 一阶条件

fixed costs 固定成本

fixed input 固定投入

fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生产函数[pr?'p????ns] flow 流量

fluctuation 波动

for whom to produce 为谁生产

free entry 自由进入

free goods 自由品,免费品

free mobility of resources 资源自由流动

free rider 搭便车,免费搭车

function 函数

future value 未来值

G

game theory 对策论、博弈论

general equilibrium 总体均衡

general goods 一般商品

Giffen goods 吉芬晶

Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之谜

Gini coefficient 吉尼系数[?ko??'f??nt]

goldenrule 黄金规则

goods 货物

government failure 政府失败

government regulation 政府调控

grand utility possibility curve总效用可能曲线[ɡr?nd] grand utility possibility frontier 总效用可能前沿

H

heterogeneous product 异质产品[?het?r?'d?i?ni?s] Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion 希克斯一卡尔多福利标准homogeneity 齐次性[?hɑ?m?d??'ni??ti] homogeneous demand function 齐次需求函数homogeneous product 同质产品

homogeneous production function 齐次生产函数horizontal summation 水平和

household 家庭

how to produce 如何生产

human capital 人力资本

hypothesis 假说[ha?'pɑ?θ?s?s]

I

identity 恒等式[a?'dent?ti]

imperfect competion 不完全竞争[k?m'pi??n] implicitcost 隐性成本

income 收入

income compensated demand curve 收入补偿需求曲线income constraint 收入约束

income consumption curve 收入消费曲线

income distribution 收入分配

income effect 收入效应

income elasticity of demand 需求收入弹性

increasing cost industry 成本递增产业

increasing returns to scale 规模报酬递增

inefficiency 缺乏效率

index number 指数

indifference 无差异

indifference curve 无差异曲线

indifference map 无差异族

indifference relation 无差异关系

indifference set 无差异集

indirect approach 间接法

individual analysis 个量分析

individual demand curve 个人需求曲线

individual demand function 个人需求函数

induced variable 引致变量

induction 归纳法

industry 产业

industry equilibrium 产业均衡

industry supply curve 产业供给曲线

inelastic 缺乏弹性的

inferior goods 劣品

inflection point 拐点[?n'flek?n]

information 信息

information cost 信息成本

initial condition 初始条件

initial endowment 初始禀赋

innovation 创新

input 投入

input—output 投入—产出

institution 制度

institutional economics 制度经济学

insurance 保险

intercept 截距[??nt?r'sept]

interest 利息

interest rate 利息率

intermediate goods 中间产品

internatization of externalities 外部性内部化[ekst??'n?l?t?z] invention 发明

inverse demand function 逆需求函数

investment 投资

invisible hand 看不见的手

isocost line 等成本线

isoprofit curve 等利润曲线

isoquant curve 等产量曲线

isoquant map 等产量族

K

kinded—demand curve 弯折的需求曲线

L

labour 劳动

labour demand 劳动需求

labour supply 劳动供给

labour theory of value 劳动价值论

labour unions 工会

laissez faire 自由放任[le?'se]

Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函数

Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗乘数,

land 土地

law 法则

law of demand and supply 供需法

law of diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减法则

law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution 边际替代率递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution 边际技术替代率law of increasing cost 成本递增法则

law of one price 单一价格法则

leader—follower model 领导者--跟随者模型

least—cost combination of inputs 最低成本的投入组合

leisure 闲暇

Leontief production function 列昂节夫生产函数

licenses 许可证

linear demand function 线性需求函数['l?ni?r]

linear homogeneity 线性齐次性[?hɑ?m?d??'ni??ti]

linear homogeneous production function 线性齐次生产函数

long run长期

long run average cost 长期平均成本

long run equilibrium 长期均衡

long run industry supply curve 长期产业供给曲线

long run marginal cost 长期边际成本

long run total cost 长期总成本

Lorenz curve 洛伦兹曲线

loss minimization 损失极小化

lump sum tax 一次性征税[l?mp]

luxury 奢侈品

M

macroeconomics 宏观经济学

marginal 边际的

marginal benefit 边际收益

marginal cost 边际成本

marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价

marginal cost of factor 边际要素成本

marginal period 市场期

marginal physical productivity 实际实物生产率

marginal product 边际产量

marginal product of capital 资本的边际产量

marginal product of 1abour 劳动的边际产量

marginal productivity 边际生产率

marginal rate of substitution 边替代率

marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率

marginal returns 边际回报

marginal revenue 边际收益

marginal revenue product 边际收益产品

marginal revolution 边际革命

marginal social benefit 社会边际收益

marginal social cost 社会边际成本

marginal utility 边际效用

marginal value products 边际价值产品

market 市场

market clearance 市场结清,市场洗清

market demand 市场需求

market economy 市场经济

market equilibrium 市场均衡

market failure 市场失败

market mechanism 市场机制

market structure 市场结构

market separation 市场分割

market regulation 市场调节

market share 市场份额

markup pricing 加减定价法['mɑ?rkk?p]

Marshallian demand function 马歇尔需求函数

maximization 极大化

microeconomics 微观经济学

minimum wage 最低工资

misallocation of resources 资源误置[m?s??l?'ke???n]

mixed economy 混合经济

model 模型

money 货币

monopolistic competition 垄断竞争[m??nɑ?p?'l?st?k][?kɑ?mp?'t??n] monopolistic exploitation 垄断剥削[?ekspl??'te??n]

monopoly 垄断,卖方垄断

monopoly equilibrium 垄断均衡

monopoly pricing 垄断定价

monopoly regulation 垄断调控

monopoly rents 垄断租金

monopsony 买方垄断[m?'n?ps?n?]

N

Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡

Natural monopoly 自然垄断

Natural resources 自然资源

Necessary condition 必要条件

necessities 必需品[n?'ses?t?z]

net demand 净需求

nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好[n?nk?n'veks] nonconvexity 非凸性

nonexclusion 非排斥性

nonlinear pricing 非线性定价

nonrivalry 非对抗性

nonprice competition 非价格竞争

nonsatiation 非饱和性[?se??i'e??n]

non--zero—sum game 非零和对策

normal goods 正常品

normal profit 正常利润

normative economics 规范经济学['n??rm?t?v]

O

objective function 目标函数

oligopoly 寡头垄断[??l?'g?p?l?]

oligopoly market 寡头市场

oligopoly model 寡头模型

opportunity cost 机会成本

optimal choice 最佳选择

optimal consumption bundle 消费束

perfect elasticity 完全有弹性

optimal resource allocation 最佳资源配置

optimal scale 最佳规模

optimal solution 最优解

optimization 优化

ordering of optimization(social) preference (社会)偏好排序ordinal utility 序数效用

ordinary goods 一般品

output 产量、产出

output elasticity 产出弹性[?i?l?'st?s?ti]

output maximization 产出极大化

P

parameter 参数

Pareto criterion 帕累托标准['p?rt??]

Pareto efficiency 帕累托效率

Pareto improvement 帕累托改进

Pareto optimality 帕累托优化[?pt?'m?l?t?] Pareto set 帕累托集

partial derivative 偏导数[d?'r?v?t?v]

partial equilibrium 局部均衡

patent 专利['p?tnt]

pay off matrix 收益矩阵、支付矩阵['me?tr?ks] perceived demand curve 感觉到的需求曲线perfect competition 完全竞争

perfect complement 完全互补品

perfect monopoly 完全垄断

perfect price discrimination 完全价格歧视perfect substitution 完全替代品

perfect inelasticity 完全无弹性[??n?l?s't?s?t?] perfectly elastic 完全有弹性

perfectly inelastic 完全无弹性[?n?'l?st?k]

plant size 工厂规模

point elasticity 点弹性[?i?l?'st?s?ti]

positive economics 实证经济学

post Hoc Fallacy 后此谬误

prediction 预测

preference 偏好

preference relation 偏好关系

present value 现值

price 价格

price adjustment model 价格调整模型

price ceiling 最高限价['si?l??]

price consumption curve 价格费曲线

price control 价格管制

price difference 价格差别

price discrimination 价格歧视

price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性

price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性

price floor 最低限价

price maker 价格制定者

price rigidity 价格刚性[r?'d??d?ti]

price seeker 价格搜求者

price taker 价格接受者

price tax 从价税

private benefit 私人收益

principal—agent issues 委托--代理问题

private cost 私人成本

private goods 私人用品

private property 私人财产

producer equilibrium 生产者均衡

producer theory 生产者理论

product 产品

product transformation curve 产品转换曲线product differentiation 产品差异

product group 产品集团

production 生产

production contract curve 生产契约曲线production efficiency 生产效率

production function 生产函数

production possibility curve 生产可能性曲线productivity 生产率

productivity of capital 资本生产率

productivity of labor 劳动生产率

profit 利润

profit function 利润函数

profit maximization 利润极大化[?m?ks?ma?'ze??n] property rights 产权

property rights economics 产权经济学proposition 定理[?prɑ?p?'z??n]

proportional demand curve 成比例的需求曲线public benefits 公共收益

public choice 公共选择

public goods 公共商品

pure competition 纯粹竞争

rivalry 对抗性、竞争

pure exchange 纯交换

pure monopoly 纯粹垄断

Q

quantity—adjustment model 数量调整模型

quantity tax 从量税

quasi—rent 准租金['kwe?sa?] adj. 类似的;外表的R

rate of product transformation 产品转换率rationality 理性

reaction function 反应函数

regulation 调节,调控

relative price 相对价格

rent 租金

rent control 租金管制

rent seeking 寻租

rent seeking economics 寻租经济学

resource 资源

resource allocation 资源配置

returns 报酬、回报

returns to scale 规模报酬

revealed preference 显示性偏好

revenue 收益

revenue curve 收益曲线

revenue function 收益函数

revenue maximization 收益极大化

ridge line 脊线[r?d?]

risk 风险

S

satiation 饱和,满足[?se??i'e??n]

saving 储蓄

scarcity 稀缺性

law of scarcity 稀缺法则

second—degree price discrimination 二级价格歧视second derivative --阶导数[d?'r?v?t?v] second—order condition 二阶条件

service 劳务

set 集

shadow prices 影子价格

short—run 短期

short—run cost curve 短期成本曲线

short—run equilibrium 短期均衡

short—run supply curve 短期供给曲线

shut down decision 关闭决策

shortage 短缺

shut down point 关闭点

single price monopoly 单一定价垄断

slope 斜率

social benefit 社会收益

social cost 社会成本

social indifference curve 社会无差异曲线

social preference 社会偏好

social security 社会保障

social welfare function 社会福利函数

socialism 社会主义

solution 解

space 空间

stability 稳定性

stable equilibrium 稳定的均衡

Stackelberg model 斯塔克尔贝格模型

static analysis 静态分析[?'n?l?s?s]

stock 存量

stock market 股票市场

strategy 策略

subsidy 津贴

substitutes 替代品

substitution effect 替代效应

substitution parameter 替代参数

sufficient condition 充分条件

supply 供给

supply curve 供给曲线

supply function 供给函数

supply schedule 供给表

Sweezy model 斯威齐模型

symmetry 对称性

symmetry of information 信息对称

T

tangency 相切['t?nd??ns?]

taste 兴致

technical efficiency 技术效率

technological constraints 技术约束[?tekn?'l?d??kl] technological progress 技术进步

technology 技术[tek'nɑ?l?d?i]

third—degree price discrimination 第三级价格歧视total cost 总成本

total effect 总效应

total expenditure 总支出

total fixed cost 总固定成本

total product 总产量

total revenue 总收益

total utility 总效用

total variable cost 总可变成本

traditional economy 传统经济

transitivity 传递性[?tr?ns?'t?v?ti]

transaction cost 交易费用

U

uncertainty 不确定性

uniqueness 唯一性[ju'ni?kn?s]

unit elasticity 单位弹性[?i?l?'st?s?ti]

unstable equilibrium 不稳定均衡

utility 效用

utility function 效用函数

utility index 效用指数

utility maximization 效用极大化

utility possibility curve 效用可能性曲线

utility possibility frontier 效用可能性前沿

V

Value 价值

value judge 价值判断

value of marginal product 边际产量价值

variable cost 可变成本

variable input 可变投入

variables 变量

vector 向量['vekt?r]

visible hand 看得见的手

Vulgar economics 庸俗经济学['v?lɡ?r]

W

wage 工资

wage rate 工资率

Walras general equilibrium 瓦尔拉斯总体均衡Walras's law 瓦尔拉斯法则

Wants 需要

Welfare criterion 福利标准

Welfare economics 福利经学

Welfare loss triangle 福利损失三角形welfare maximization 福利极大化

Z

zero cost 零成本

zero elasticity 零弹性

zero homogeneity 零阶齐次性

zero economic profit 零利润

PCB专业术语中英文翻译【VIP专享】

PCB 专业术语中英文翻译 很多PCB 的书上使用的是英文,但是大多数的人又看不懂英文, 这时候怎么办呢,我们需要翻译,但是如果每看到一个不会的词 儿就去翻译,那么就太耗费时间了,所以我们捷多邦总结了一些 常用的专业术语的中英文对照,希望能对大家有用。 1.印制电路:printed circuit 2.印制线路:printed wiring 3.印制板:printed board 4.印制板电路:printed circuit board (pcb) 5.印制线路板:printed wiring board(pwb) 6.印制元件:printed component 7.印制接点:printed contact 8.印制板装配:printed board assembly 9.板:board 1 10.表面层合电路板:surface laminar circuit (slc) 11.埋入凸块连印制板:b2it printed board 12.多层膜基板:multi-layered film substrate(mfs) 13.层间全内导通多层印制板:alivh multilayer printed board 14.载芯片板:chip on board (cob) 15.埋电阻板:buried resistance board 16.母板:mother board 17.单面印制板:single-sided printed board(ssb) 、管路敷设技术通过管线不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范高中资料试卷问题,而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中,要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标等,要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项方式,为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题,合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则:在分线盒处,当不同电压回路交叉时,应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理;同一线槽内强电回路须同时切断习题电源,线缆敷设完毕,要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备,在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行 高中资料试卷调整试验;通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系,根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求,对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验;对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作;对于继电保护进行整核对定值,审核与校对图纸,编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案,编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案;对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题,作为调试人员,需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料,并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况 ,然后根据规范与规程规定,制定设备调试高中资料试、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术,电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时,需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全,并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围,或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理,尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作,并且拒绝动作,来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此,电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术,要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时,需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。

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Counter bored hole 沉孔 Chamfer 倒斜角 Fillet 倒圆角 padding block垫块 stepping bar垫条 upper die base上模座 lower die base下模座 upper supporting blank上承板 upper padding plate blank上垫板 spare dies模具备品 spring 弹簧 bolt螺栓 document folder活页夹 file folder资料夹 to put file in order整理资料 spare tools location手工备品仓 first count初盘人 first check初盘复棹人 second count 复盘人 second check复盘复核人 equipment设备 waste materials废料 work in progress product在制品 casing = containerization装箱 quantity of physical inventory second count 复盘点数量 Quantity of customs count 会计师盘,点数量 the first page第一联 filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查 end-user/using unit(department)使用单位 Summary of year-end physical inventory bills 年终盘点截止单据汇总表 bill name单据名称 This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department) 本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部-(NHK厂区送财会部) Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用-状况明细表 blank and waste sheet NO. 空白与作废单号

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Drill Rack:铅头表。 Drill Rack Editor:铅头表编辑器。 Drill Rack window:铅头表窗口。 D Code:Gerber格式中用不着于表达光圈的代码。 Double-sided Biard:双面板。 End of Block character(EOB):块结束符。 Extract Netlist:提取网络。 Firdacial:对位标记。 Flash:焊盘,来源于早期矢量光绘机,在矢量光绘机中,焊盘是光通过光圈“闪出”(Flash)而形成的。 Gerber Data:从PCB CAD系统到PCB生产过程中最常用的数据格式。Grid :栅格。 Graphical Editor:图形编辑器。 Incremental Data:增量数据。 Land:接地层。 Layer list window:层列表窗口。 Layer setup Area:层设置窗口。 Multilayer Board:多层板。 Nets:网络。 Net End:网络端点。 Net List:网络表。 Pad:焊盘。 Pad shaving:焊盘缩小。

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陶瓷 ceramics 合成纤维 synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion 车架 automotive chassis 悬架 suspension 转向器 redirector 变速器 speed changer 板料冲压 sheet metal parts 孔加工 spot facing machining 车间 workshop 工程技术人员 engineer 气动夹紧 pneuma lock 数学模型 mathematical model 画法几何 descriptive geometry 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影 projection 视图 view 剖视图 profile chart 标准件 standard component 零件图 part drawing 装配图 assembly drawing 尺寸标注 size marking

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23 Evaluation Board 评估板 24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damage to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section is not implied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。 25 Failling edge 下降沿 26 figure of merit 品质因数 27 float charge voltage 浮充电压 28 flyback power stage 反驰式功率级 29 forward voltage drop 前向压降 30 free-running 自由运行 31 Freewheel diode 续流二极管 32 Full load 满负载 33 gate drive 栅极驱动 34 gate drive stage 栅极驱动级 35 gerber plot Gerber 图 36 ground plane 接地层 37 Henry 电感单位:亨利 38 Human Body Model 人体模式 39 Hysteresis 滞回 40 inrush current 涌入电流 41 Inverting 反相 42 jittery 抖动 43 Junction 结点 44 Kelvin connection 开尔文连接

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科技英语中专业术语的翻译

科技英语中专业术语的 翻译 集团文件版本号:(M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988)

科技英语中专业术语的翻译 1.意译:根据科技术语的含义,将其翻译成汉语里和它完全对等的名词就叫意译。对单个词语来说,意译也就是直译。意译法是最常用的翻译方法,它能使读者直接了解术语的含义。例子如下: ①firewall ........ :防火墙 ②data mining .......... :数据挖掘 ③automatic program control ....................... :自动程序控制 2.形译:英语中有些科技术语的前半部分是表示该术语形象的字母或单词,翻译成汉语时可把这一部分翻译成表示具体形象的词,或保留原来的字母,这就叫形译。例子如下: I .-.bar ... 工字钢、工字条;O .-.ring .... 环形圈;twist .....-.drill .....麻花钻;X .-.Ray ...X 光;α.-.brass ..... α黄铜[1] 3.音译:根据英语发音翻译成汉语里相应的词。科技英语中某些有专业名词构成的术语、单位名称、新型材料的名称等,在翻译时都可采用音译法。例子如下: gene .... 基因;quark ..... 夸克;Pentium ....... 奔腾 celluloid ......... 赛璐璐;nylon ..... 尼龙 Hertz .....(Hz )赫兹(频率单位);lumen .....流明(光通量单位) 4.缩写词:英语首字母缩写词在科技新词中占很大比重,这类词如果译成汉语,就显得拖沓冗长,因此很多情况下干脆不翻译。例子如下: CPU ...:.C .entral Processing Unit ....................(中央处理器) ASCII .....:.American S .........tandard ....... C .ode ... for ... I .nformation .......... I .nterchange .......... (美国信息交换标准码) ATM ...:.A .synchronous ........... T .ransfer ....... M .ode ... (异步传输方式) 一些国际组织的缩写也常采用这种办法。例子如下: WTO ...(国际贸易组织);UNESCO ......(联合国教科文组织);WHO ...(世界卫生组织);IOC ... (国际奥委会)

自考英语词汇学翻译精华整理

学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考 English Lexicology(英语词汇学) 1.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。 2.English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics(文体论)and lexicography(词典学) Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1.Word(词的定义): A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence 词语是语言最小的自由形式,拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。 2.Sound and meaning(声音与意义): almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”词语是一个符号,代表着世界上其他的事物。每种世界文化已经赞成一定的读音将代表一定的人,事,地方,特性,过程,行动,当然是在语言系统之外。这种象征性的联系几乎总是主观的,并且“在代表事物和思想的声音和实际的事物和思想之间没有法定关系” 3.Sound and form(读音和形式):不统一的四个原因(1)the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other内因是因为英语字母表采用罗马字母,罗马字母没有独立的字母代表每个读音,因此一些字母代表两个读音或者组合在一起发音。 (2)the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years另一个原因是发音比拼写的变化快,在一些时候还拉开了距离。在最近五百年里,尽管口语发音已经出现了显著的变化,却没有相应的拼写变化。 (3)some of the difference were created by the early scribes第三个原因是一些早期的书写员发明了一些不同。(4)the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary最后借词来了,这是丰富英语词汇的重要途径。 (5)printing印刷已经变得非常普及。它有助于固定单词的拼写、standardization标准化使得拼写不容改变。、dictionary字典在拼写终结中得到好处。 —Old English,The speech of the time was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today. 古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语 —The written form of English is an imperfect representation of the spoken form。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表 4.What is vocabulary? (1)Total number of the words in a language一个语言的单词综合 (2)Words used in a particular historical period 特殊历史时期使用的单词 (3)All the words of a dialect,a book ,a discipline...某个方言,书籍,学科中的所有单词 5.Classification of English Words:英语词汇由所有种类的词汇组成。它们可以根据不同的标 准或者不同的目的进行分类。 By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary根据使用频率,单词可以分为基础词和非基础词。 By notion:content words&functional words可以根据概念分成实词和虚词

专业名词对应英文翻译

预约券reservation ticket 下午茶high tea 微博Microblog/ Tweets 裸婚naked wedding 亚健康sub-health 平角裤boxers 愤青young cynic 灵魂伴侣soul mate 小白脸toy boy 精神出轨soul infidelity 人肉搜索flesh search 剩女3S lady(single,seventies,stuck)/left girls 山寨copycat 异地恋long-distance relationship 性感妈妈yummy mummy 钻石王老五diamond bachelor 时尚达人fashion icon 上相的,上镜头的photogenic 学术界academic circle 哈证族certificate maniac 偶像派idol type 住房公积金housing funds 熟女cougar(源自电影Cougar Club) 挑食者picky-eater 伪球迷fake fans 紧身服straitjacket 团购group buying 奉子成婚shotgun marriage 婚前性行为premarital sex 炫富flaunt wealth 决堤breaching of the dike 上市list share 赌球soccer gambling 桑拿天sauna weather 自杀Dutch act 假发票fake invoice 金砖四国BRIC countries 笑料laughing stock 泰国香米Thai fragrant rice 学历造假fabricate academic credentials 泄洪release flood waters 狂热的gaga eg: I was gaga over his deep blue eyes when I first set eyes on him 防暑降温补贴high temperature subsidy 暗淡前景bleak prospects

机械专业术语英文翻译

机械专业英语词汇 陶瓷ceramics 合成纤维synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion 车架automotive chassis 悬架suspension 转向器redirector 变速器speed changer 板料冲压sheet metal parts 孔加工spot facing machining 车间workshop 工程技术人员engineer 气动夹紧pneuma lock 数学模型mathematical model 画法几何descriptive geometry 机械制图Mechanical drawing 投影projection 视图view 剖视图profile chart 标准件standard component 零件图part drawing 装配图assembly drawing 尺寸标注size marking 技术要求technical requirements 刚度rigidity 内力internal force 位移displacement 截面section 疲劳极限fatigue limit 断裂fracture 塑性变形plastic distortion 脆性材料brittleness material 刚度准则rigidity criterion 垫圈washer 垫片spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear 运动简图kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear 虚约束passive constraint 曲柄crank 摇杆racker

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