新视野大英3(4,5,6课原文加翻译)

Unit 4

The Statue of Liberty 自由女神像

In the mid-1870s, French artist Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was working on an enormous project called Liberty Enlightening the World, a monument celebrating US independence and the France-America alliance.19世纪70年代中期，法国艺术家弗里德里克·奥古斯特·巴托尔迪正在设计一个大项目，名为“自由照耀世界”。这是一座庆祝美国独立和美法联盟的纪念碑。At the same time, he was in love with a woman whom he had met in Canada.与此同时，他爱上了一位他在加拿大认识的女子。His mother could not approve of her son's affection for a woman she had never met, but Bartholdi went ahead and married his love in 1876.

他母亲不赞成自己的儿子和一个她没有见过的女子恋爱，然而巴托尔迪不为所动，和心中所爱于1876年结为伉俪。

That same year Bartholdi had assembled the statue's right arm and torch, and displayed them in Philadelphia.同年，巴托尔迪组装完雕像的右臂和火炬，并将它们陈列在费城。

It is said that he had used his wife's arm as the model, but felt her face was too beautiful for the statue.据说，他用了妻子的手臂为模本，但觉得她的脸太漂亮，不适合做雕像模本。

He needed someone whose face represented suffering yet strength, someone more severe than beautiful. He chose his mother.他需要这样一个女人：面容沧桑却不失坚定，庄重多于美丽。他选择了自己的母亲

The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New Y ork Bay in 1886.1886年，自由女神像在纽约湾北部落成。

It had his mother's face and his wife's body, but Bartholdi called it "my daughter, Liberty".

雕像综合了他母亲的脸和他妻子的身材，不过巴托尔迪称之为“我的女儿，自由之神”。

芭比娃娃 Barbie

Before all the different types of Barbie dolls for sale now, there was just a single Barbie. Actually, her name was Barbara.在现今销售的各式各样的芭比娃娃之前，原本部门只有一种芭比娃娃。实际上，她的名字叫芭芭拉。

Barbara Handler was the daughter of Elliot and Ruth Handler, co-founders of the Mattel Toy Company.芭芭拉·汉德勒是马特尔玩具公司的联合创始人艾略特和鲁思·汉德勒夫妇的女儿。

Ruth came up with the idea for Barbie after watching her daughter play with paper dolls.鲁思是在见到女儿玩纸娃娃之后才想到做芭比娃娃的。

The three-dimensional model for Barbie was a German doll—a joke gift for adults described as having the appearance of "a woman who sold sex".芭比娃娃的三维模特是一个德国洋娃娃，一个哄成年人开心的礼物，被描绘成具有“风尘女子”的模样。

Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American—although with an exaggerated breast size—version and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager.马特尔公司将这个娃娃做了一番改造，变成了体面而地道的美国版本，尽管胸围有些夸张。它以当时10多岁的少女芭芭拉的名字命名。

Since her introduction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls.自从1959年面世，芭比娃娃就成了全球公认的“娃娃女王”。

Mattel says the average American girl owns ten Barbie dolls, and two are sold somewhere in the world every second.马特尔公司说，一般的美国女孩拥有10个芭比娃娃，全球每秒钟就有两个芭比娃娃售出。

Now more than sixty years old, Barbara—who declines interviews but is said to have loved the

doll—may be the most famous unknown figure on the planet.如今芭芭拉已有60多岁了，她拒绝接受采访，但据说她非常喜欢芭比娃娃。她可能是当今世上最著名的不为人知的人物了。Barbie's boyfriend, Ken, was introduced in 1961 and named after Barbara's brother.1961年，芭比娃娃的男朋友面世，按芭芭拉的弟弟肯的名字命名。

The real Ken, who died in 1994, was disgusted by the doll that made his family famous. "I don't want my children to play with it," he said in 1993.

真正的肯于1994年去世。他对令自己全家名扬天下的娃娃极为厌恶。他在1993年说：“我可不想让我的孩子玩这洋娃娃。”

《美国哥特人》 American Gothic

Grant Wood instantly rose to fame in 1930 with his painting American Gothic, an often-copied interpretation of the solemn pride of American farmers. 1930年，格兰特·伍德因其画作《美国哥特人》一举成名。此画体现了美国农民庄严的自豪，常常被人复制。

The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing in front of a farmhouse.画面展示了一位神色严肃的男子和一位女子站立在农舍之前。

He was strongly influenced by medieval artists and inspired by the Gothic window of an old farmhouse, but the faces in his composition were what captured the world's attention.伍德深受中世纪艺术家的影响，他的灵感来自于一所古老农舍的哥特式窗户，但最令世界注目的是画中人物的脸。

Wood liked to paint faces he knew well. For the grave farmer he used his dentist, a sour-looking man. For the woman standing alongside him, the artist chose his sister, Nan. He stretched the models' necks a bit, but there was no doubt who posed for the portrait.

伍德喜欢画他熟悉的脸。为画神色严肃的农夫，他选择了他那表情木讷的牙医，

至于站在他身边的农妇，他选择了自己的姐姐南。他把模特的脖子稍稍画长了一些，但无疑能看出谁是画像的原型。

Nan later remarked that the fame she gained from American Gothic saved her from a very boring life.南后来说道，《美国哥特人》带给她的名誉使她摆脱了一种非常乏味的生活。

野牛镍币 The Buffalo Nickel

Today, American coins honor prominent figures of the US government—mostly famous former presidents.今天，美国的硬币都用来纪念美国政府的杰出人物，其中大部分是著名的前总统。But the Buffalo nickel, produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier—the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians.但1913至1938年间发行的野牛镍币，却是为了纪念由美国拓居引起的两起相互关联的悲剧──野牛群的灭绝和美洲印第安人的毁灭。

While white people had previously been used as models for most American coins, famed artist James Earle Fraser went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.此前一直是白人被用作美国镍币上的模特，而著名的艺术家詹姆斯·厄尔·弗雷泽却反传统而行之，起用了三名真正的美洲印第安人作为自己创作的原型。

For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging buffalo from New Y ork City's Central Park Zoo.由于大草原上不再有野牛漫步，弗雷泽为了镍币另一面上的野牛，只好到纽约中央公园的动物园里素描一只老野牛。

Two years later, in 1915, this animal was sold for $100 and killed for meat, a hide, and a wall decoration made from its horns.

两年后，即1915年，此牛以100美元的价格售出，然后被宰杀取肉、剥皮，牛角制成了墙

上的装饰品。

山姆大叔 Uncle Sam

Fourteen-year-old Sam Wilson ran away from home to join his father and older brothers in the fight to liberate the American colonies from the British during the American Revolution.美国独立战争时期，14岁的山姆·威尔逊离家出走，加入父亲和哥哥们的行列，为美国殖民地独立于英国而战。

At age 23, he started a meat-packing business and earned a reputation for being honest and hard-working. 23岁时，他开始从事肉类加工业，并因为人诚实、工作勤奋而赢得声誉。During a later war in 1812, Wilson gained a position inspecting meat for US Army forces, working with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the army.此后在1812年的战争中，威尔逊获得了一个职位，为美国军队检验肉食。他的合伙人和美国政府签订了一份合同，给军队提供肉食。

Barrels of meat supplied to the army were stamped "EA-US", identifying the company (EA) and the country of origin (US).送到军队的肉桶上面都印有EA-US标志，EA代表公司名，US代表原产国。

According to one story, when a government official visited the plant and asked about the letters, a creative employee told him "US" was short for "Uncle Sam" Wilson. Soon soldiers were saying all Army supplies were from "Uncle Sam".传说有一回，有个政府官员来参观加工厂，问及这些字母的含义，一个想象力丰富的雇员告诉他，“US”是“山姆大叔”威尔逊的缩写。很快，士兵们都说所有的军需品都来自“山姆大叔”。

After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, his form evolving from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Revolution.战后，政治漫画里开始出现一个名叫“山姆大叔”的人物。他的原型是一个早期漫画人物，名叫乔纳森大哥，此人在美国独立战争时期非常出名。

Uncle Sam soon replaced Brother Jonathan as American's most popular symbol.很快，山姆大叔就取代了乔纳森大哥，成了最受美国人欢迎的象征。

The most enduring portrait of Uncle Sam was created by artist James Montgomery Flagg in his famous army recruiting posters of World Wars I and II.最令人难忘的山姆大叔的画像是由画家詹姆斯·蒙哥马利·弗拉格创作的，用在两次世界大战期间他画的很多著名的征兵招贴画上。That version—a tall man with white hair and a small white beard on his chin, a dark blue coat and a tall hat with stars on it—was a self-portrait of Flagg.

山姆大叔的形象是：高个子，白头发，下巴上有一小撮白胡子，身着深蓝色外套，头戴一顶高帽，上有星星点缀。这模样其实就是弗拉格的自画像。

Unit 5

Graceful Hands

I have never seen Mrs. Clark before, but I know from her medical chart and the report I received from the preceding shift that tonight she will die.

我从未见过克拉克夫人，但看过她的医疗记录和上一位值班医生交给我的报告后，我知道她今晚会去世。

The only light in her room is coming from a piece of medical equipment, which is flashing its red light as if in warning. As I stand there, the smell hits my nose, and I close my eyes as I remember the smell of decay from past experience. In my mouth I have a sour, vinegar taste coming from the pit of my stomach. I reach for the light switch, and as it silently lights the scene, I return to the bed to observe the patient with an unemotional, medical eye.

她屋里唯一的光线来自一台医疗设备，它闪着红光，似乎在发出警告。

我站在那里，一股怪味刺激着我的鼻子，我想起了过去闻到过的腐烂的气味，我闭上了眼睛。我嘴里有一股从胃里返上来的酸味。

我伸手去开灯。灯静静地照亮了整个病房，我走回病床边，用无动于衷的、医生的目光观察着病人。

Mrs. Clark is dying.She lies motionless: the head seems unusually large on a skeleton body; the skin is dark yellow and hangs loosely around exaggerated bones that not even a blanket can hide; the right arm lies straight out at the side, taped cruelly to a board to secure a needle so that fluid may drip in;the left arm is across the sunken chest, which rises and falls with the uneven breaths.

克拉克夫人已奄奄一息了。

她一动不动地躺着：骨瘦如柴的身体使她的头显得特别大；皮肤呈暗黄色，松松地裹在嶙峋的、连毛毯也遮掩不住的骨骼上；她的右臂平伸在床边，被无情地用胶带固定在一块板上，以便能固定针头使液体滴入；左臂横放在深陷的胸部，胸口随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。

I reach for the long, thin fingers that are lying on the chest. They are ice cold, and I quickly move to the wrist and feel for the faint pulse. Mrs. Clark's eyes open somewhat as her head turns toward me slightly. I bend close to her and scarcely hear as she whispers, "Water." Taking a glass of water from the table, I put my finger over the end of the straw and allow a few drops of the cool moisture to slide into her mouth and ease her thirst. She makes no attempt to swallow; there is just not enough strength."More," the dry voice says, and we repeat the procedure. This time she does manage to swallow some liquid and weakly says, "Thank, you."

我伸手去触摸她放在胸口的细长手指。

冰凉冰凉的。我忙将手移到她的手腕，去感觉那微弱的脉搏。

克拉克夫人将头稍稍转向我，微微地睁开眼。

我俯过身去，勉强听见她微弱的声音：“水。”

我从桌上拿起一杯水，用手指封着吸管的一端，滴了几滴凉凉的水到她的嘴里，以缓解她的干渴。

她没有用力去吞咽，因为力气不够。

“还要，”那干涩的声音说。

于是我们又重复了一次。这次她终于咽了一些，并轻轻说了声：“谢谢，你。”

She is too weak for conversation, so without asking, I go about providing for her needs. Picking her up in my arms like a child, I turn her on her side. Naked, except for a light hospital gown, she is so very small and light that she seems like a victim of some terrible famine. I remove the lid from a jar of skin cream and put some on the palm of my hand. Carefully, to avoid injuring her, I rub cream into the yellow skin, which rolls freely over the bones, feeling perfectly the outline of each bone in the back. Placing a pillow between her legs, I notice that these too are ice cold, and not until I run my hand up over her knees do I feel any of the life-giving warmth of blood.

她虚弱得没法交谈，因此没等她要求，我就开始做她所需要的。

我像抱孩子似的把她抱起来，给她翻了个身。

除了一件浅色的病号服，她什么也没穿。她又小又轻，像遭受了严重饥荒一样。

我打开护肤霜的瓶盖，揩了一些在手心。

为了不伤着她，我小心翼翼地把护肤霜擦在她发黄的皮肤上。她的皮肤松松地在骨头上滑动，背上每块骨头的轮廓都能清楚地摸到。

当我把枕头放在她两腿之间时，发现它们也是冰凉的，直到把手移到她膝盖以上的部位，我才感受到血液供给生命的热度。

When I am finished, I pull a chair up beside the bed to face her and, taking her free hand between mine, again notice the long, thin fingers. Graceful. I wonder briefly if she has any family, and then I see that there are neither flowers, nor pictures of rainbows and butterflies drawn by children, nor cards.There is no hint in the room anywhere that this is a person who is loved. As though she is a mind reader, Mrs. Clark answers my thoughts and quietly tells me, "I sent ... my family ... home ... tonight ...didn't want ... them ... to see ..." Having spent her last ounce of strength she cannot go on, but I have understood what she has done. Not knowing what to say, I say nothing. Again she seems to sense my thoughts, "Y ou …stay …"

而后，我挪了把椅子面朝她坐在床边，握住她那只没被固定的手，此时我又一次注意到她细长的手指。

很优雅。一时间，我突然想知道她是否有家庭，接着我发现病房里没有花，没有孩子们画的彩虹和蝴蝶，也没有卡片。

房间中没有任何迹象表明她是一个被人爱着的人。

她似乎读懂了我的心思，平静地回答我说：“今天……我让……家里人……都……回家……不想……他们……看见……”

她耗尽了最后的那点力气，再也说不下去了。但我已然明白她做了些什么。

我不知道说什么好，所以什么也没说。

她好像又看穿了我的心思：“你……留下……”

Time seems to stand still. In the total silence, I feel my own pulse quicken and hear my breathing as it begins to match hers, breath for uneven breath. Our eyes meet and somehow, together, we become aware that this is a special moment between two human beings ... Her long fingers curl easily around my hand and I nod my head slowly, smiling. Without words, through yellowed eyes, I receive my thank you and her eyes slowly close.

时间似乎停滞了。

在一片寂静中，我感觉自己的脉搏加快了，我听到自己的呼吸开始伴随着她那不均匀的呼吸一起一落。

我们互相对视，不知怎么的，我们都意识到，这是两个生命间的一个特殊时刻。

她那细长的手指很轻易地就拢住了我的手，我微笑着慢慢点了点头。

无需任何语言，我从她发黄的眼睛中感受到了她对我的谢意，她慢慢闭上了眼睛。

Some unknown interval of time passes before her eyes open again, only this time there is no response in them, just a blank stare. Without warning, her shallow breathing stops, and within a few moments,the faint pulse is also gone. One single tear flows from her left eye, across the cheek and down onto the pillow. I begin to cry quietly. There is a swell of emotion within me for this stranger who so quickly came into and went from my life. Her suffering is done, yet so is the life. Slowly, still holding her hand, I become aware that I do not mind this emotional battle, that in fact, it was a privilege she has allowed me, and I would do it again, gladly. Mrs. Clark spared her family an episode that perhaps they were not equipped to handle and instead shared it with me. She had not wanted to have her family see her die, yet she did not want to die alone. No one should die alone, and I am glad I was there for her.

不知过了多长时间，她又睁开了双眼，只是这一次目光里没有任何反应，只有空洞的凝视。没有一点先兆，她那细弱的呼吸停止了。很快，微弱的脉搏也消失了。

一颗泪珠从她的左眼中流出，滑过脸颊，落在枕上。

我开始轻声哭泣。

对这位迅速走进又走出我生活的陌生人，我心间涌起了一股感情。

她的痛苦结束了，可她的生命也结束了。

我依然握着她的手，渐渐地，我意识到我并不害怕这种感情之战，意识到这实际是她赐予我的特殊荣幸，而且我还乐意再来一次。

克拉克夫人没有让她的家人目睹这一幕他们或许无力面对的人生插曲，却与我分享了它。她不想让家人看着她死去，然而她也不愿孤独地离去。

不应当有人孤独离去的，我很高兴能守候在她身边。

Two days later, I read about Mrs. Clark in the newspaper. She was the mother of seven,grandmother of eighteen, an active member of her church, a leader of volunteer associations in her community, a concert piano player, and a piano teacher for over thirty years.

Y es, they were long and graceful fingers.

两天后，我在报上读到了克拉克夫人的消息。

原来她是7个孩子的母亲、18个孩子的祖母、教会里的活跃分子、社区志愿者协会的领导人、音乐会钢琴演奏家、从教30余年的钢琴教师。

是啊，她的手指是那样细长而优雅。

Unit6

How to Prepare for Earthquakes

Ideally, people would like to know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. In both Japan and China, people have long believed that earthquakes can be forecast. In Japan, scientists have wired the Earth and sea to detect movements. The Chinese have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs of earthquakes. For example, the Chinese have noted that before an earthquake, hens' behavior changes —they refuse to enter their cages at night. They have also noticed that snakes come out of the ground to freeze to death and that dogs bark a lot, even normally quiet dogs. Before the Hanshin earthquake in Japan, there were reports of large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water. Certain birds, like pigeons, also seemed to be especially noisy, and were reported to be flying in unusual patterns before the earthquake. Perhaps most interesting, and most easily measured, is a chemical change in ground water before a quake. Experimental data seem to indicate that the amount of radon (Rn) in the water under the surface of the Earth waxes before an earthquake.

从理想上说，人们希望知道地震什么时候发生，破坏程度会如何。

在日本和中国，人们长期以来一直相信地震是可以预测的。

在日本，科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线，以监测它们的运动。

而中国人的传统做法是观察动植物以获取地震的警示信号。

例如，中国人注意到，地震之前母鸡的行为会有所异常：它们夜晚不肯进笼。

他们还注意到，蛇会爬出地穴而冻死，狗会狂吠不已，甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。

日本的阪神地震发生之前，有报告说大批鱼群游到了水面。

有些鸟，如鸽子，也显得特别聒噪，据说地震前它们飞行的方式也与往常不同。

也许最有趣、也最容易测量的，是地震前地下水发生的化学变化。

实验数据似乎表明，地震前地下水中氡的含量会增高。

People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes.After all, most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings. Therefore, building structures that can withstand the power of earthquakes is a major concern. Steel seems to be the best material, but not if it is welded to form a rigid structure. Many new structures are built with a new type of steel joint, an I-joint, which appears to be the most durable

type of joint. These joints of steel can move without breaking. Also, to prevent property damage, architects now design buildings so that the building's columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. In addition, many new houses have relatively light roofs and strong walls.Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel.

人们还希望能够预防地震会造成的重大财产损失。

要知道，多数在地震中丧生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。

所以，具有抗震能力的房屋结构是关注的重点。

钢似乎是最佳的建材，但一旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不行了。

许多新式结构都采用了一种新型的钢接合方法，即I形接合，它看来是最耐用的一种接合。这种钢接合在移动时不会断裂。

同样，为了预防财产损失，建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等，而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。

此外，许多新型房屋都采用了较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。

高架桥的水泥柱先前只是在内部有钢筋，如今外面也包上了钢板。

Besides working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common need to prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake. They should regularly check and reinforce their homes, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors so that they will not open accidentally during an earthquake.

除了设法改善建筑结构外，地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。他们应当定期检查和加固房屋，将重物放在低处，将橱柜和柜子贴墙放置，加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。

In addition to preparing their houses, people in these regions need to prepare themselves. They should have supplies of water and food at home and at work. It is best to store several gallons of water per person. It is also important to have something that can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from other sources can be made safe to drink. Store one week's food for each person. Earthquake survival supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, first-aid supplies, a spade, a tent, some rope,and warm clothing.

除做好房屋的防震外，这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。

他们应该在家里和工作地储备些水和食物。

最好每人储备几加仑水。

储备一些可以净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要，这样就可以安全地饮用其他来源的水了。每人准备一周的食物。

地震救生储备还包括无线电接收器、手电、备用电池、急救用品、铁锹、帐篷、绳子和保暖衣物。

Experts also suggest the following:

Keep a fire extinguisher handy. Y ou should have one at home, at work, and in your car (if you have one). The fire extinguisher should be able to put out any type of fire. Have the proper tools to turn off gas and water lines if necessary. Arrange an auxiliary cooking and heating source that can be used outside. One alternative is a portable camp stove with small cans of gas. Keep a pair of heavy, comfortable shoes or boots in your home, at work, and in your vehicle. If there is an earthquake, there will be lots of fragments of broken glass. Light shoes will not protect your feet as well as heavy shoes will.

手边备有灭火器。

应该在住处、工作场所和汽车里(如果你有车的话)都存放一个。

灭火器应该是可以扑灭任何火灾的那种。

有必要的话，准备一些能关闭煤气和自来水管道的特制工具。

准备一个备用的户外烹调和取暖用具，可以准备一个便携式露营灶和几小罐煤气。

在住处、工作场所和汽车里放一双厚重、舒适的鞋或靴子。

发生地震时会有大量的玻璃碎片。

轻便的鞋子不能像厚重的鞋子那样保护好你的双脚。

Every family needs to have earthquake emergency plans. How will family members leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake? Everyone should agree on a meeting point outside of the area —perhaps in a town several miles away. Also important is an arrangement for family members to communicate if there is an earthquake. If an earthquake happens in a large city, many of the telephone lines within the city are likely to be down. The few remaining working lines will be busy with the calls that naturally occur after a disaster and it will be difficult to call from one part of the city to another. It might, however, be possible to call outside the city. A sensible arrangement is to have all of the members of the family call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away.

每个家庭都需要制定地震应急计划。

如何让一家人在地震的混乱中安全离开？

大家应该商定一个地震区外的会合点──可能是在几英里外的某个市镇。

同样，协商好地震时家人的联络方式也很重要。

地震若发生在大城市，市里的许多电话线路很可能中断，

剩下的为数不多的可用线路会很忙，因为灾难之后自然会有许多电话，要从市里的一个地方打到另一个地方会很困难。

但可能通向市外的电话是通的。

明智的安排是，让所有的家人都给一个住在一百多英里之外的朋友或亲戚打个电话，以报平安。

Although scientists still cannot predict earthquakes, they are learning a great deal about how the large plates in the earth's crust move, the stresses between plates, how earthquakes work, and the general probability that a given place will have an earthquake. Someday soon it may actually become possible to predict earthquakes with accuracy. However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared. These precautions can make a great difference in saving lives and preventing the loss of homes. Education concerning how to survive an earthquake should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthquake-related research projects.

尽管科学家们仍无法预测地震，但对地壳中的大板块如何移动，板块间的压力如何，地震如何发生，某地区发生地震的一般概率为多少，他们了解得越来越多。

在不久的将来，精确预测地震将成为可能。

然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难，办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动的房屋，同时做好个人准备。

在挽救生命和防止家庭损失方面，这些预防措施会发挥很大的作用。

教育人们如何在地震中求生，应该是所有政府规划和地震研究项目的重点所在。

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新视野大学英语4读写教程翻译

一、 1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。(otherthan) Theplantdoesnotgrowwellinsoilsotherthantheoneinwhichithasbeendeveloped. 2.研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。(mayhavedone) Researchfindingsshowthatwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwemayhav edoneduringtheday. 3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。(justifysth.by) Somepeopletendtojustifytheirfailurebyblamingothersfornottryingtheirbest. 4.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。(remaintrueto) Weremaintruetoourcommitment:Whateverwepromisedtodo,wewoulddoit. 5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。(discount;betrueof) EvenBeethoven'sfatherdiscountedthepossibilitythathissonwouldonedaybecomethegreatestmusici anintheworld.ThesameistrueofEdison,whoseemedtohisteachertobequitedull. 6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。(accusesb.ofsth.) Theywereaccusedbytheauthoritiesofthreateningthestatesecurity. 二、 1.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。(if...had+pastparticiple,would+have+pastparticiple) Ifthecharactersinthiscomedyhadbeenmorehumorous,itwouldhaveattractedalargeraudience. 2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。(itisapossibilityto)Shehasneverlostfaithinherownability,soitisapossibilityforhertobecomeasuccessf ulactress. 3.我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。(goalong) Ineverhadformaltraining,IjustlearnedasIwentalong. 4.随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。(findone'swayinto) Astheirproductsfindtheirwayintotheinternationalmarket,theirbrandisgaininginpopularity. 5.她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。(makeup) Shecouldmakeupastorybysayingshewasknockedunconsciousbythievesandthatallhermoneywasgo ne,butshedoubtedwhethershecouldmakeitsoundbelievable. 6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评。(on purpose) No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him. 三、 1.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。(be reported to; look into) Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the may or has decided to look into the affair in person. 2. 这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。(regret doing sth.; yield to; be faced with) These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs. 3. 你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！

新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第二册课文翻译(全册)

新视野大学英语第三版第二册读写课文翻译 Unit 1 Text A 一堂难忘的英语课 1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。 2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？” 3 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！” 4 没了。所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。 5 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。 6 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。因此，批评学生不合乎情理。 7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。

大学英语4课文翻译

unit 1 TextA Love and logic: The story of a fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 1 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 2 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 3 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 4 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 5 "Logic." “逻辑学。” 6 "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 7 "The doctrine of logic," I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误。”

新视野大学英语4翻译

1. 这种植物只有在培养它的土壤中才能很好的生长。 The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. 研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3. 有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，一次来为自己的失败辩护。 Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4. 我们终于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做的。 We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5. 连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。 Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6. 当局控告他们威胁国家安全。 They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security. 1. 要是这部喜剧中的人物更加幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。 If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience. 2. 她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。 She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress. 3.我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。 I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along. 4. 随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。 As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity. 5. 她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能够让这个故事听起来可信。 She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable. 6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对他的更多的批评。 No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him. 1. 据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。 Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person. 2. 这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs. 3. 你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西的时候享受打折的优惠。You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods. 4. 不知道为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。

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新视野大学英语3课文翻译 第一课无限的爱 我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后，我出生了。 从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。 伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。” 不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。 我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。 我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。 我则负责外面的事，找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母，告他们的状，为我哥哥讨回公道。 父亲和吉米形影不离。 他们一道吃早饭，平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心，他们都在那里工作，吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。 晚饭后，他们一道交谈，玩游戏，直到深夜。 他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。 所以，父亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。 他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。 通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。 我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。 有一天，我问他：“你是不是想念爸爸？” 他的嘴唇颤抖了几下，然后问我：“你怎么看，玛格丽特？他是我最好的朋友。” 接着，我俩都流下了眼泪。 六个月后，母亲因肺癌去世，剩下我一人来照顾吉米。 吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着，因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。 我走到哪里他就跟到哪里，他好像适应得很好。 但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里，继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。 此事最后做成了。 如今，他在那里生活了11年，在许多人的照料下，同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。 他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。 如果你有邮件要收，或有狗要遛，他就是你所要的人。 当然，母亲的话没错：可以有一个家，既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

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大学英语精读第三版第四册课文及课文翻译 Unit 1 Text Two college-age boys, unaware that making money usually involves hard work, are tempted by an advertisement that promises them an easy way to earn a lot of money. The boys soon learn that if something seems to good to be true, it probably is. BIG BUCKS THE EASY WAY John G. Hubbell "You ought to look into this," I suggested to our two college-age sons. "It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time." I handed them some magazines in a plastic bag someone bad hung on our doorknob. A message printed on the bag offered leisurely, lucrative work ("Big Bucks the Easy Way!") of delivering more such bags. "I don't mind the indignity," the older one answered. "I can live with it," his brother agreed. "But it pains me," I said，"to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you." The boys said they would look into the magazine-delivery thing. Pleased, I left town on a business trip. By midnight I was comfortably settled in a hotel room far from home. The phone rang. It was my wife. She wanted to know how my day had gone. "Great!" I enthused. "How was your day?" I inquired. "Super!" She snapped. "Just super! And it's only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front." "Another truck?" "The third one this evening. The first delivered four thousand Montgomery Wards. The second brought four thousand Sears, Roebucks. I don't know what this one has, but I'm sure it will be four thousand of something. Since you are responsible, I thought you might like to know what's happening. What I was being blamed for, it turned out, was a newspaper strike which made it necessary to hand-deliver the advertising inserts that normally are included with the Sunday paper. The company had promised our boys $600 for delivering these inserts to 4,000 houses by Sunday morning. "Piece of cake!" our older college son had shouted. " Six hundred bucks!" His brother had echoed, "And we can do the job in two hours!" "Both the Sears and Ward ads are four newspaper-size pages," my wife informed me. "There are thirty-two thousand pages of advertising on our porch. Even as we speak, two big guys are carrying armloads of paper up the walk. What do we do about all this?" "Just tell the boys to get busy," I instructed. "They're college men. They'll do what they have to do." At noon the following day I returned to the hotel and found an urgent message to telephone my wife. Her voice was unnaturally high and quavering. There had been several more truckloads of ad inserts. "They're for department stores, dime stores, drugstores, grocery stores, auto stores and so on. Some are whole magazine sections.

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新视野大学英语第四册十五选十原文及翻译 1 Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them to people saying there is anything different about them. "I'm really just a normal guy," an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period while they are popular when they actually start to believe they are as great as their fans suggest. They start to wear clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to from your dream and realize you are only human? Some only see the in losing something they had gained. They often make attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us. 你有没有见过名人吗？如果是这样的话，你可能会发现，他们对我们非常相似。你可能听说过他们的人说的有什么不同呢。”我真的只是一个普通人，”一位演员，最近飙升到了聚光灯下。有，当然，通常是一个短暂的时期，他们是受欢迎的，他们真的开始相信他们是球迷们为伟大的建议。他们开始穿上衣服，说每个人都应该听听他们要说些什么。然而，这一时期，常常不长久。他们回到现实，他们克服了所有的速度。你会觉得翔这样往下看像每个人从高处一只老鹰吗？什么将它感觉像飞得如此之高的只是从你的梦和意识到你是人吗？一些只能看到失去他们拥有的东西。他们经常试图恢复他们失去了什么。这些努力导致更大的痛苦。一些成为财政和感情。唯一的真正的赢家是那些高兴回来对我们其余的地面。 2 Have you ever heard of Jon Stewart? He is currently one of the most popular comics on television. His pessimistic view of the politics and government laughter, thought and even anger. He has a clever wit that often runs into with some government policies. His whole show is to making fun of the nonsense that occurs in politics. But, what makes his show so is his ability to tell his jokes with intelligence. "It's not just comedy," said one media expert. "His comments have a lot of over a very large audience in America. He has a lot of political power." Recently Stewart was a guest on a news show about politics. The host journalist a heated debate when he about Stewart's responsibility to the American public. Stewart argued that while the content of the script for his show may be political in nature, his primary is to entertain. The host journalist, however, emphasized the political influence of his performance. The argument ended up anger from both parties. The incident how