英译中(翻译)
warning: do not let engine oil stay on your skin. use engine oil in area with good ventilation. engine oil is poisonous and can be absorbed through your skin. engine oil fumes can irritate your respiratory tract.
警告：不要让发动机滑油在手上停留。在通风良好的地方使用发动机滑油。发动机滑油有毒，并且能被皮肤吸收。发动机滑油挥发的气体会剌激呼吸道。
caution: do not let alkaline cleaning fluid get into the engine oil. very small quantities of this fluid can change the engine oil. damage to equipment can occur.(1) obey the above warning and caution throughout this procedure.
注意：不要让碱性清洗液混到发动机滑油中。极少量的这种清洗液就能使发动机滑油发生变化。设备就会发生损坏。在整个过程中要遵守以上的警告和注意事项。
note: the sight gage for the oil tank shows a bright view when the oil level falls below the gage. it shows a black view when the oil level is higher than the gage. the indication of a black view shows that a sufficient quantity of oil is in the tank for airplane dispatch. a sufficient quantity is more than 2.5 u.s. gallons (9.5 liters), or more than 60% full, as shown on the pilots' center instrument panel. the indication of a bright view shows that there is not a sufficient quantity of oil in the tank for airplane dispatch. it is also an indication that you must fill the oil tank. the sight gage does not give an indication that the oil tank is full or empty. 注释：当油的水平面降到指示器以下时，油箱的目视指示器显示一片亮色；当油的水平面高于指示器时，显示暗色。暗色意味着油箱里的油量足够飞机飞行。足够量是多于2.5美加仑（9.5公升）或多于60%的油，这些都显示在飞行员的中央仪表控制面板上。亮色表示油箱中的油量不够飞机飞行，也是必须加油的指示。目视指示器不能显示油箱是满或是空。
warning: do not remove the filler cap for the oil tank for five minutes after an engine shutdown. if the check valve is defective, hot oil can come
out from the oil tank and cause injury to persons. the oil in the tank is hot and pressurized during engine operation. you must fully clean your skin if you touch the oil. oil soaked clothes must be removed immediately. if the oil touches your skin for a long time, it could cause dermatitis. 警告：在发动机关机后五分钟内，不能取下滑油箱加油盖。如果单向活门故障，热油可能会出油箱溢出造成人员受伤。油箱中的油在发动机运行时是热的而且加压的。如果接触到滑油，必须完全清洗皮肤。被油浸湿的衣服必须立即换掉。如果让油接触皮肤时间过长，会引起皮炎。
caution: immediately clean the painted surfaces on which oil falls. the oil will put stains on clothes and can make paint soft.
注意：立即清洗被油污染的有图案的表面，油会沾污衣服并使图案模糊。
caution: if you think there are fuel fumes when you remove the oil filler cap, do a check for fuel in the oil. if there is fuel in the oil tank, replace the main oil/fuel heat exchanger (amm 79-21-02/401 ) and the servo fuel heater (amm 73-11-03/401 ). flush the engine oil system. you must flush the engine oil system if it contains contamination. oil contamination can cause engine damage. do not mix type 1 and type 2 oils. do not do oil servicing with brands that are not approved. flush and change the oil system immediately with the correct engine oil if one of the errors that follows occurs:
o if 10 percent or more of a different oil type was used.
o if 10 percent or more of a non-approved oil was used.
注意：如果取下加油盖时闻到有燃油味，检查滑油里的燃油。如果滑油箱里有燃油，更换主滑油/燃油热交换器和伺服燃油加热器。冲洗发动机滑油系统。如果滑油系统有污染物，必须清洗。滑油里的污染物会损坏发动机。不要将型号1和型号2的滑油混合。不要使用商标未经许可的油。立即用正确的发动机油冲洗和更换油系统如果下面的错误之一发生：
如果十分之一以上的不同类型的油被使用。
o如果十分之一以上未被商标未被许可的油被使用。
before oil tank becomes cool (30 minutes from the engine shutdown), add engine oil to the fill port of the oil tank and stop just before the oil level reaches the overflow port.
note: if the oil tank is cool, you can fill it too much and cause an incorrect indication of the oil consumption rate.
在油箱变冷以前（发动机关机30分钟），加发动机滑油到油箱的注满口，在油量到达过量口之前及时停止加油。
注释：如果油箱冷却，可能会加油过多，使油消耗量显示不正确。
(a) if non-approved oils or different oil types have been added to the engine oil
(a) 如果未被充许的油或不同型号的油被加到发动机油中。
note: do this with the locking pins aligned with the slots in the fill port. 注释：用与注满口狭槽对齐的锁销做这个工作。
(c) push the cap in and turn it clockwise to engage the locking pins in the slot detents.
(c) 按下加油盖，顺时钟拧紧，使锁销与狭槽销键咬合。
note: a change in the oil temperature of 140° f (60° c) can increase the oil volume (due to thermal expansion) by approximately 0.8 quarts (0.77 liters).
注释：一个140f（60C）的油温变化，能引起大约0.8夸脱（0.77公升）的油体积的变化（由于物理膨胀的原因）
caution: do not install a magnetic drain plug without an o-ring. the installation of a magnetic drain plug without an o-ring can cause oil
leakage during engine operation, and a possible engine failure
注意：不要安装没有O形环的磁性排放堵头，在发动机运行中，它会使油泄露，可能会造成发动机故障。
keep the old o-rings, they can be used while you flush the system. half of the oil tank capacity is a sufficient quantity of oil to flush the oil system.
保留旧的O形环，当冲洗系统的时候能够被用到。半油箱的油量足够冲洗发动机系统。
if you put an oil that is not approved into the csd, drain the oil. then flush the csd oil system with an approved oil. to change between approved types of oil, drain all of the remaining oil before you add the new oil. caution: do not use more than 40 psig to fill the generator drive with oil. too much pressure can cause damage to the generator drive
如果将一种没有被允许的滑油加入到csd中，排放滑油，然后用允许使用的滑油冲洗csd滑油系统，更换被允许的滑油，在加入新滑油前放出所有剩余的滑油。注意：加入发电机驱动器的油不要超过40 psig，太大的压力会损坏发电机驱动器。
caution: do not put too much oil into the generator drive. too much oil will cause the generator drive to become too hot and cause damage to the generator drive. if you motor the engine, do not add oil again. after you motor the engine, some of the oil will stay in the csd reservoir. this makes the sight glass show an oil level that is too low and not accurate. you must operate the engine at an idle to get an oil level indication that is accurate
注意：不要给发电机驱动器加入过量的油。过量的油会使发电机驱动器过热从而造成损坏。如果启动发动机，就不要再加油。启动发动机后，有些油会停留在csd 箱中。这会使目视检查显示的油量过底而不准确。必须发动机在慢车时才得到一个准确的油量指示。
note: use a secondary wrench to maintain the drain fitting during the installation of the cap.
注释：安装加油盖时使用第2个板手来使维护排泄口保持原位。
replenish
补充
note: operators can choose to add 1.5 percent by volume of lubrizol 1395 and 1 percent by volume of methyl oleate instead of 2.4 percent by volume of lubrizol 1395.
注释：操作者可以选择加1.5%体积的1395添加剂和1%体积的甲基油酸盐来代替2.5%体积的1395添加剂。
when it is necessary to top off the shock strut with fluid, do not add small quantities of hydraulic fluid without lubrizol many times. this can decrease the lubricity of the fluid in the strut which can cause damage to the strut.
当必须给减震支柱加满油时，不要多次加少量的没有添加剂的液压油。这会降低支柱的润滑性，造成支柱损坏。
caution: tighten the shutoff valve on each oxygen cylinder with your hand to 25 inch-pounds (2.8 newton-meters). too much torque can cause damage to the shutoff valve.
注意：用手拧紧氧气瓶的关断活门到25英寸/磅（2.8牛顿/米），太大的扭矩会损坏关断活门。
warning: use only clean components that come from a sealed bag. make sure that the label on the bag identifies the components as sufficiently clean for the oxygen system. contamination on components can cause a fire or an
explosion. this can cause injuries to personnel and damage to equipment. you must use metal caps when the connector threads engage the cap.
警告：只使用从密封袋中取出的清洁的组件。确认袋上的标签明确了组件足够清洁，可供氧气系统使用。组件上的污染会引起火灾或爆炸。这会使用人员受伤或设备损坏。当连接器的螺纹与螺帽咬合时，必须使用金属螺帽。
note: oxygen clean fittings come from a sealed package labeled for oxygen system installation. make sure that you use only oxygen clean fittings. some fittings used in the oxygen system are the same as fittings in other systems and are not oxygen clean. if it is necessary to clean parts, use the applicable oxygen procedures to clean the parts. this also applies to tube caps or plugs which must be as clean as the installation connections 注释：从标有氧气系统安装标签的密封包里取出氧清除配件，确认使用的只是氧清除配件。有些使用在氧气系统的配件与用在其他系统的配件一样，但不是氧清除配件。如果必须清洗零件，使用充许的氧程序来清洗零件。这也同样适用于筒螺帽和插头，这些要求与安装线路同样清洁。
warning: you must open the pressure cap slowly, and bleed off the remaining pressure. if you remove the cap too quickly the cap can blow off with a large force. injury to persons and damage to equipment can occur.
警告：缓慢拧开压力螺帽，释放余下的压力。如果拧开螺帽过快，螺帽被压力冲起，造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: do not use lubricant, oil or gaskets on these connections. when contamination is open to oxygen, a fire or explosion can occur. injury to persons and damage to equipment can occur
警告：不要在这些连接上使用润滑剂、油或垫圈。当污染物与氧气接触时，火灾或爆炸就会发生，造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: open the shutoff valve slowly because the remaining oxygen can release with a large force. this can cause a fire or an explosion. these can cause injuries to personnel, and damage to the airplane.
警告：缓慢打开关闭阀，因为余下的氧气会以很大的压力喷出。这会引起火灾或爆炸，也会使人员受伤或飞机受损。
caution: do not add small quantities of hydraulic fluid without lubrizol many times. if there is not a sufficient quantity of lubrizol in the fluid, damage to the shock strut can occur.
注意：不要多次少量地添加没有添加剂的液压油。如果油中没有足够的添加剂，减震支柱会发生损坏。
all of the fluids that are listed here are compatible. use any of these fluids to top off the strut even if the strut was originally filled with one of the other fluids.
(b) lubrizol 1395 and methyl oleate are heavy duty lubricants. they are added to the fluid to reduce the wear on the parts of the shock strut that move.
所有列在这里的油都是可混用的，即使支柱中原有其他种类的油，也可以用任意一种油来再行添加。
添加剂1395和甲基油酸盐是重型润滑剂，添加到油中可以减小减震支柱部件的磨损。
caution: you must mix shock strut fluids that are not pre-mixed before you fill the strut. if you pour undiluted lubrizol directly into a strut it can settle to the bottom and not mix correctly. undiluted lubrizol can also cause the strut seals to swell and soften.
注意：在给支柱加油前，必须把没有预先混合的油混合好。如果将纯粹的添加剂加入到支柱中，添加剂会沉到底部，不能正确混合。纯粹的添加剂会使支柱密封膨胀变软。
caution: you must mix 1 part lubrizol 1395 with 10 parts mil-h-6083 or mil-h-5606 to dilute the lubrizol before you add it to the strut. if you do not dilute lubrizol before you add it to the strut it can cause damage to the strut and seals
注意：在灌充支柱前，1份1395添加剂必须使用10份的mil-h-6083或mil-h-5606来混合，以稀释添加剂。如果在加入到支柱前没有稀释添加剂，它会造成支柱和密封的损坏。
warning: make sure the ground lock pins are installed on all the landing gear. without the ground lock pins, the landing gear could retract and cause injuries to persons and damage to equipment.
警告：确认地面锁销已安装到全部起落架上。没有地面锁销，起落架可能会缩回造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: clear the area below the wing before you deflate the shock strut. if you deflate one shock strut, the wing tip can move down and can cause injury to persons or damage to equipment.
警告：给减震支柱放气前清洁机翼下面的区域。如果给一个减震支柱放气时，翼尖会向下移动，造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: do not remove the valve body. the internal pressure can blow the body out which can causes possible injury to persons.
警告：不要移动阀体，内部压力会把阀体吹走，造成人员受伤。
note: fluid in the shock strut will start to foam immediately as you reduce pressure to ambient. deflate the shock strut slowly to prevent the fluid to leak through the air valve.
注释：当减压到常压时，减震支柱里的液压油会立即起泡沫，缓慢给减震支柱放气，防止油通过空气阀门泄露。
warning: make sure the arrow on the check valve points to the shock strut when you install it. incorrect installation of the check valve can cause injury to persons if the seal cap is removed with the shock strut pressurized.
警告：当安装单向活门时，确认单向活门上的箭头指向减震支柱。不正确的控制阀安装会使用人员受伤，如果密封螺帽拧开时减震支柱加压。
caution: use a calibrated gage with an approved size dial to do a check on the tire pressure. incorrect inflation from incorrect pressure values can cause damage to the tire.
注意：使用带有充许尺寸仪表盘的校准的计量器来检查轮胎压力。不正确的压力值带来的不正确膨胀会损坏轮胎。
caution: tires that require frequent refills to maintain the nominal service pressure are likely to have a tread loss or carcass rupture if they are left in service too long. these tires should be removed from service as soon as possible
注意：需要经常充气来保持正常使用压力的轮胎很可能会有胎面损耗或胎体破裂，如果使用时间过长的话。这些轮胎应当尽快更换。
warning: you must initially inflate the tire with nitrogen. if the tire was initially inflated with air, the gases (in a tire that has become too hot) could have an explosive mixture with the oxygen (in the air that was put in the tire). a tire explosion can
cause damage to the airplane and/or injury to persons.
警告：必须先用氮气给轮胎加气。如果轮胎先用空气填充，气体（在一个过热的轮胎中）可能会与氧气（填充到轮胎中的空气中含有的）混合发生爆炸。轮胎爆炸会损坏飞机或使用人员受伤。
warning: use a regulated pressure source to service the tires. an
unregulated pressure source can cause injuries to persons and damage to the equipment
警告：使用可控制压力源来给轮胎加压。不可控压力源会造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: make sure the downlock pins are installed on all the landing gear. without the downlock pins, the landing gear could retract and cause injuries to persons and damage to equipment.
警告：确认所有起落架上都安装了下锁销。没有下锁销，起落架可能会缩回，造成人员受伤或设备损坏。
warning: do not go near wheel, brake, or tire equipment which are suspected of being overheated. do the procedure for high energy stop/heat damage. injury to persons can occur.
警告：不要走近怀疑过热的轮子、刹车或轮胎设备附近。做高能量停留/热损程序，会造成人员受伤。
caution: do not deflate a hot tire to lower the pressure to the average pressure value. pressure should never be bled from a hot tire to achieve a specified value. damage to equipment can occur.
注意：不要给热轮胎放气，使压力值达到常规压力。压力永远不能从热轮胎中释放来达到特定值。会造成设备损坏。
warning: do not let rain repellent fluid touch your skin or eyes. the fluid can cause irritation. do not breathe the fumes. if the fluid touches you, wash your skin or eyes with water.
警告：不要让防雨液接触到皮肤或眼睛，有刺激作用。不要吸入挥发出来的气体。如果沾到防雨液，用水冲洗皮肤或眼睛。
note: if a new rain repellent container is installed and the fluid level
remains at the low level. then removal and reinstallation of the rain repellent container is required to relieve the gas pressure. this allows the fluid level to show a new level.
注释：如果安装一个新防雨容器，液面保持在一个底水平上。需要移开重新安装防雨容器来释放空气压力。这充许液面显示一个新水平。
1. Functionally check the aileron spring cartridge and transfer mechanism.
功能检查副翼弹簧装置和传动机构。
2. Remove the lining at the aft end of the forward cargo compartment to get access to the air conditioning distribution bay.
拆除前货仓后部装饰板以便接近空调分配仓
3. Move the rudder trim knob to NOSE LEFT until the mark on the rudder trim knob is aligned with the indicator mark on the light plate under the trim knob.
向NOSE LEFT(机头向左)方向转动方向舵配平控制钮，直到方向舵配平控制钮上的标志线和配平控制纽下指示盘里的指示标志对齐
4. The amber SPD LIM light on the on-side Primary Flight Display will come on. A Y AW DAMPER light on the P5-3 panel with a related MASTER CAUTION light is possible. A SPD LIM annunciation that stays on more than 5 seconds after the stick shaker operates could be a problem
靠边的主飞行显示上的琥珀色SPD LIM 灯亮。在P5-3板上的偏航阻尼灯和相关的主警告灯是可能的。当抖杆器工作后，SPD LIM 告示灯亮超过5秒可能是故障。
5. Move the stabilizer to the maximum leading edge up (APL NOSE DOWN) position (the mechanical limits). This can be done using the STAB TRIM switches and then the stabilizer trim wheel.
如需移动水平安定面到最大前缘向上（机头向下）的位置（机械极限位）。可通过先操纵STAB TRIM 电门，再操纵安定面配平轮的方法。
6. Turn the captain's stabilizer trim wheel clockwise approximately 3 turns
转动机长的安定面配平轮顺时针方向大约3圈。
7. Move and hold the STAB TRIM switches on the captain's control wheel to the NOSE UP position.
移动和保持位于机长的驾驶盘上的STAB TRIM 电门直到NOSE UP位置
8. Make sure the manual override lever on the flap bypass valve is in position 1
确保襟翼旁通活门上的人工超控手柄位于位置1
9. Move the flap control lever to the 1-unit position to extend the leading edge flaps and slats and the trailing edge flaps.
襟翼控制手柄移动到1个单位位置，放出前缘襟翼和缝翼、后缘襟翼。
10. Perform a detailed visual inspection to make sure that the cable does not contact parts other than pulleys, quadrants, cable seals or grommets installed to control the cable routing.
执行详细的目视检查以便确保钢索除了和滑轮，鼓轮，控制钢索走向的钢索密封或防磨套索接触外没有和其他部件接触。
11. After the engine oil servicing, check and make sure that the engine oil filler cap security by another mechanic/inspector before dispatched.
完成发动机滑油勤务后，由另一名机务人员或检查员在执行飞行任务前检查和确保发动机滑油加油口盖盖好。
12. Wheel wells require special attention by the aviation technician because abrasion from mud, dirt, and water remove the protective coating, and this allows the dirty grease to hold moisture against the metal and cause constant corrosion problems.
飞机轮仓需要机务人员特别的注意是因为泥土，脏物，和水打磨掉了保护涂层，进而造成脏的油脂使潮气接触金属引起一系列腐蚀问题。
13. To remove either display unit, hold the handle down against the bezel, loosen the two captive screws, securing the spring loaded handle.
拆除两个显示组件之中任何一个，首先抓住把柄向下对着斜面(bezel)，松开2个自锁螺钉，抓牢弹簧预载手柄。
14. The basic function of the autopilot is to control the flight of the aircraft and maintain it on a pre-determined path in space without any action being required by the pilot.
自动驾驶的基本功能是控制飞机的飞行，并且在飞行中保持飞机按照预设的航路飞行而无需飞行员的操纵。
15. The digital flight data acquisition unit provides the necessary circuitry to acquire, precondition, multiplex and convert into a standard digital format, the inputs from various airplane sensors.
数字飞行数据采集组件提供了必须的电路把来自于飞机多种传感元件的输入信号进行识别，预处理，放大和转换成标准数字模式。
16. Y ou can see a crazing by the reflection of the smooth surfaces of the cracks at different angles to the light
判断平面是否有裂纹可以通过把平面放置在光源下不同角度的反射就能发现是否有龟裂。
17. Make sure the grease passes through the lubrication passageway into the bearing cavities. Make sure the grease completely fills the bearing cavities. Do not permit the
grease to exit prematurely through the slits in the grease retainers, without first filling the bearing cavity.
确保油脂通过润滑通道进入轴承腔体内，确保油脂完全填满轴承腔体。不允许油脂在没有先充满轴承腔体时先通过油脂保持器排出。
18. Figures are included in the EO to depict typical scribe damage found common to lap joints, butt joints, repairs, and wing-to-body fairings.
EO(工程指令)包含的示意图描叙了典型的刮擦损伤发生在搭接连接点，粗头连接点，修理，和机翼机身之间的整流板。
19. These are internal inspections that require gaining access to the interior of the structure for inspection. It is not necessary to remove galleys, lavatories, or permanent structure to do these inspections. The structure blocked by a galley, lavatory or permanent structure does not require inspection, unless the NDT inspections accomplished earlier indicates that a crack is present.
一些内部检查需要接近结构的内部才能完成检查。但是不需要拆除厨房，厕所，或者永久性结构件就可以完成。被厨房，厕所，或者永久性结构件挡住的机构不需要检查除非早先完成的无损探伤检查发现有裂纹存在。
20. Available lighting is normally supplemented with a direct source of good lighting at an intensity deemed appropriate. Inspection aids such as a mirror, ma gnifying lenses, etc., may be necessary. Surface cleaning procedures may be required.
可用照明通常由直接良好的，适宜强度的光源供给。检查时一些辅助工具是必须的，如反光镜，放大镜，等等。表面的清洁程序也是必须的。
21. NOTE: To reduce the possibility of future scribing, Boeing recommends that the BMS 5-95 fillet seal not be reapplied at the lap joints.
注意：为了减少刮擦损伤的可能性，波音公司推荐BMS 5-95 填充封严不要在搭接连接点出重复使用。
22. Near the wing to body fairing and along the edges of external repair doublers, scribe lines normally follow the periphery of the fairing or doublers.
在靠近机翼和机身整流板处，沿着外部修理加固层的边缘。刻划线通常沿着整流板或加固板的外围。
23. Clean the displays and indicators on the front instrument panels using soft leather. Clean the control panels on the center control stand using soft rag and brush.
用软麂皮清洁位于前仪表板的显示器和指示器。用软的抹布和刷子清洁位于中央操纵台上的控制面板。
24. Cautions of EO Implementation: 1.Confirm the material drawn from the store is consistent with the information in the EO, and shall satisfy the work requirements.2.Understand the safety cautions for the EO implementation.
执行EO(工程指令)的注意事项：1，确保从仓库领取的航材和EO上的信息一致，符合工作需
要。2，理解执行EO时需要注意的安全事项。
25. If the oil level is in the black area below the silver band, the oil level is too low and servicing is necessary.
如果滑油油平面位于黑区并低于银色标志带，表明滑油油平面太低和必须进行滑油勤务。
26. When the oil is cold and the oil level is above the silverband but below the DRAIN line, the IDG has been overfilled a little. Some of the oil should be drained until the oil level is at the top of the silver band. Use the steps below to drain some of the oil.
当冷的滑油的油平面高于银色标志带但是低于排放线，表明IDG里的滑油有些多，需要排放一些滑油直到油平面在银色标志带的上面。运用下列多步来排放一些滑油。
27. Check windows for defective seals, delamination, cracks, crazing, chips, scratches and loose/missing fasteners.
检查窗户是否密封失效，分层，开裂，龟裂，分片，刮伤，和松动获丢失紧固件。
28. A crazing is usually caused by an incorrect installation. Y ou can also cause a crazing if you accidentally apply materials which are not applicable for acrylic windows.
龟裂通常是由不正确的安装造成的。当失误运用与acrylic（聚丙烯酸树脂）窗户不匹配的材料时也会造成龟裂。
29. Scratch: A scratch is the removal or movement of material from the surface of the window along a line. The depth and width of the scratch are usually small.
刮擦损伤：刮擦通常是指从窗户表面做线性移动造成去除或移动材料。刮擦的深度和宽度通常很小。
30. Caution: Keep the work area, wires and electrical bundles clean of metal particles or contamination when you use tools, unwanted material, metal particles or conta mination caught in wire bundles can cause damage to the bundles. Damaged wire bundles can cause sparks or other electrical
注意事项：使用工具时，注意保持工作场所，电线和电线束远离金属粉尘或沾染物。含有不需要的材料，金属粉尘或沾染物的电线束可能造成线束的损害。受损害的电线束可能造成火花放电或或其他电气
31. Make sure that all the downlock pins of the three landing gears and the nose gear steering bypass pin are removed. Account them for quantity and then give them to the crew.
确保所有3个起落架下锁销和前起落架转弯旁通销都拔出，清点数量后交给机组。
32.Prior to engine start, perform a final walk around to check all doors and servicing panels are properly closed. Make sure the landing gear safety pins are removed and remove the chocks. Direct the crew to start the engines, and direct the crew to taxi the aircraft. For the airplanes at the gate, make sure the nose wheel steering bypass valve pin is removed after pushback is complete.
发动机起动之前，围绕飞机最后检查所有舱门和勤务盖板都正确关好，确认起落架安全销拔出，轮挡撤离。指挥机组起动发动机并引导机组滑行飞机。对停靠廊桥的飞机，推出后确认前轮转弯旁通活门销拔出。
33. Review the log-book entry, check EICAS message, report the failures and status message which are reported by flight crew and displayed or recorded by EICAS, take action for the failures.
查阅飞行记录本的记录，检查EICAS（发动机指示和机组警告系统）信息，报告机组反映的和EICAS显示或记录的故障及状态信息，对故障采取措施。
34. Localized scratches, nicks and dents that might be induced in other areas of the fuselage skin during either manufacture or maintenance operations are not considered scribes.
在制造和维修操作期间有可能造成的机身其它区域的局部刮伤、刻痕、凹坑不认为是划伤。
35. Scribe lines can be both tactile and non-tactile. Discoloration of the aluminum clad layer or small surface imperfections do not qualify as a scribe. A lightning strike at a lap joint or butt splice does not qualify as a scribe.
划伤线有可触型和非可触型两种，铝板压层的变色或者表面的不完整不认为是划伤，搭接或对接处的电击点也不认为是划伤。
36.Make a determination of which bearings are worn, and replace those bearings. Make the determination by using close visual inspection, looking for indications of corrosion and absence of lubrication, and by using slight hand pressure.
确定磨损的轴承并更换之。确定的方法是详细的目视检查腐蚀的迹象和不良的润滑，还有用手轻压检查。
37．Wheel wells require special attention by the aviation technician because abrasion from mud, dirt, and water remove the protective coating, and this allows the dirty grease to hold moisture against the metal and cause constant corrosion problems.
航空机械员需特别注意轮仓，因为受到泥土、污物和水的磨损，使保护层脱落，含有潮气的脏的润滑脂附在金属上造成持续的腐蚀问题。
38．A crazing is usually caused by an incorrect installation. Y ou can also cause a crazing if you accidentally apply materials which are not applicable for acrylic windows.
龟裂通常产生于不正确的安装，丙烯酸窗上被意外涂上不适合的材料也会造成龟裂。
39．The basic function of the autopilot is to control the flight of the aircraft and maintain it on a pre-determined path in space without any action being required by the pilot.
自动驾驶的基本功能是在没有飞行员的操作时控制飞机的飞行并保持在预定的空间航路。
1．Review the failures report from the logbook and related fault messages with center DU or CDU, debrief the flight crew for faults and report them for handling. Take action for the failures.
查阅飞机记录本记录，检查中DU或CDU上相关故障信息并听取机组反映的故障。报告故障并处理。
2．Install the landing gear safety pins, and make sure they are work and can be obviously seen.
安装起落架安全销，确保其有效在位，且标志明显。
3．Check and ensure that the crew oxygen pressure indication on the P5 panel is not below 1400PSI for aircrafts B-2162、B-2163, not below 1200PSI for others aircrafts. 检查P5顶板上的机组氧气压力指示，对于B-2162、B-2163飞机，不低于1400PSI，对于其它飞机，不低于1200PSI。
4．Set wheel chocks, put fire extinguishers in position, plug in the ground crew headset, contact the flight crew, and ask them to release the brakes.
挡好轮挡，放好灭火瓶，插上地面耳机与机组联络松刹车。
5. Visually check all the control levers, switches and circuit breakers are in correct position.
目视检查各操作手柄、电门和电路跳开关位置正确。
6．Check cabin log and check each galley to make sure that serviceable hot cups are installed on all hot cup receptacles in the galleys.
查阅客舱记录并检查每个厨房，确保厨房每个烧水杯插座上配有可用的烧水杯。
7．Check all the galley equipment and toilet equipment are in good condition. Check for water leak and drain blockage. Check linings and mirrors etc. Are in good condition. 检查所有厨房、厕所设备是否完好。检查有无漏水和排放堵塞。检查装饰板、镜子等设备是否完好。
8．Check toilet cover hinges for damage. Visually check the soap dispenser assembly for good condition, loosenness, missing or failure and operating correctly.
检查马桶盖的铰链有无损坏。目视检查厕所洗手液组件外观良好，无松动、缺损或故障，使用可靠。
9. Walk around the aircraft to check for obvious damage and leakage of the aircraft and engine
external surface .
绕飞机一周，检查飞机和发动机外表面有无明显损坏和渗漏。
10. Check the nose wheel well equipments are in good condition and have no leakage in the parts and tubes. Clean exposed surface of FWD LG strut piston with a cloth moistened with BMS3-32 TYPE II hydraulic fluid and wipe with dry cloth。
检查前轮设备完好，各部件和管路无渗漏。用被BMS3-32 TYPE II液压油润湿的布清洁前起落架减振支柱的外露表面并用干布擦干净。
11．Check the nose landing gear wheel tires and hubs for damage, the wear of the tires
should be within the limit.
检查前起落架轮毂和轮胎有无损坏，轮胎的磨损在限制内。
12．Make sure these lights lenses are in good condition and clean the lenses as required: left wing illumination light, fixed and retractable landing lights, runway turnoff lights, lower and upper anti-collision light. Make sure lower and upper anti-collision light are work correctly.
确保左大翼照明灯、左侧固定和可收回着陆灯、跑道转弯灯、机身上下部红色防撞灯灯罩完好并按需清洁灯罩。确保机身上下部红色防撞灯工作正常。
13．Oil should be checked at not less than 5 minutes and no greater than 30 minutes after engine shutdown while the oil in the tank is still warm.应该在发动机关车后5分钟到30分钟内检查滑油，此时油箱内的滑油仍然是热的
14．Make sure these lights are operating properly and the lenses are in good condition. Clean the lenses as required: left wing tip navigation lights, anti-collision light. 确保左大翼尖航行灯、防撞灯工作正常且灯罩完好并按需清洁灯罩
15．Check left engine oil quantity and make sure oil quantity not less than 18 quarts. Refill oil as required. Enter oil added in log book.
检查左发动机滑油量，确保滑油量不小于18夸脱。按需加油。加油量填入飞行记录本。
16．Check the cockpit windshields are in good condition. Make sure the cockpit windshields are cleaned.
检查驾驶舱风挡玻璃状况良好，确保玻璃已清洁。
17．Check onboard DDG and r adio Operator’s license，airworthiness Certificate and nationality Registration Certificate are in place.
检查随机DDG完好，电台使用证、适航证书、国籍注册证书在位.
18．Visually check and make sure that all the airworthiness placards or markings in the cockpit are legible and no missing.
目视检查并确保驾驶舱内所有适航性标志/标牌没有丢失且清晰可读.
19．Check seats and belts in the cockpit are in good condition, emergency escape rope is stored properly, and cockpit door is in good operations.
检查驾驶舱各座椅及安全带状态良好，应急逃离绳收藏好，门开关正常
20．Do an operational test of the engine and APU fire and overheat detection system. Make sure the systems operate properly. Check to ensure that all annunciator lights on each electric control panel operate correctly. Do an operational check to ensure that flight compartment illumination and emergency lighting, integral panel lights operate properly.
操作测试发动机和APU火警过热探测系统，确保系统工作正常。检查驾驶舱内各电气控制面
板上的指示灯工作正常。操作检查并确保驾驶舱照明和应急照明、仪表面板照明正常。
21．For A/C equipped with emergency flashlights in the flight deck; Check the emergency flashlights are in position. The LED flashes at least once every 10 seconds. Replace the battery pack if LED is dim or the flashing interval exceeds 10 seconds. 对于驾驶舱安装有应急手电筒的飞机；检查应急手电筒在位，LED至少每10秒闪烁一次。若LED暗亮或闪亮间隔超过10秒，应更换电池组。
22．Check that portable fire extinguishers cylinders are all secured, There are no visible signs of physical damage, no broken handle seal, and the pressure is in the green band (except for water
fire extinguishers) .
检查手提灭火瓶固定牢固，瓶体没有可见的物理损伤的迹象，手柄的铅封完好，压力指示在绿区(水质灭火瓶除外)
23．Do an operational check to make sure the following interior and exterior emergency lights operate correctly: overhead aisle lights, exit indicators, exit signs, slide lights, overwing hatch lights,
escape lights and floor proximity lights.
操作检查并确保下列机内外应急照明灯正常：过道头顶灯、出口指示灯、出口标志灯、应急滑梯灯、翼上出口灯、撤离灯和地板应急灯。
24．Inspect forward and aftward cargo compartment doors and their sealant for damage. Check there is no holes or tearing evidence on the sidewall and ceiling. The joint area seals well. Make sure there is no damage or missing in the compartment divider cargo net. Make sure there is no damage or missing with the latch and anchor plate (if nets, latches and anchor plates are existed).Check the interior area for pernicious material and clean as required.
检查前后货舱门及其封严条无损坏，货舱内部壁板和天花板无穿洞撕裂，接合处密封良好，确保拦网无损坏和丢失，其锁扣和安装座亦无损坏和丢失(如有安装)。舱内无有害物质并按需清洁。
25．Check there is no leakage on the cargo floor. Check and remove the water on the cargo compartment and the ice, snow or frost around the cargo door frame.
检查货舱地板上无液体渗漏，检查并清除货舱中的水及货舱门框周围的冰、雪、霜。
26．Visually check left pitot probes, TAT, AOA probe and make sure that they are in good condition without obvious damage.
目视检查左空速探头、TAT、AOA探头并确保它们的外观正常，无明显的损伤。
27．Visually check these components by following parts and make sure that they are in good condition without obvious damage: left static ports, TCAS low antenna, ATC low antenna (1 or 2), LRRA antennas (4 IN TOTAL), DME antennas (2 in total), VHF low antenna, MB antenna. Check the fuselage skin around static ports, make sure it smooth
and clean, no dent and damage.
目视检查下述部件，确保它们的外观正常，无明显的损伤：左静压口，TCAS下天线，ATC下天线（1或2个），LRRA天线（4个），DME天线（2个），VHF下天线，MB天线。检查静压孔周边机身蒙皮，确保光滑洁净，无凹坑和损伤。
28．Check left engine nose cowl, spinner, fan blades, cowl panels, exhaust pipe, cone, and visible turbine blades for damage.
检查左发动机进气整流罩、锥、风扇叶片、包皮、排气管、整流锥和可见的涡轮叶片无损坏
29．Visually check the left wing tip static dischargers (4 for A/C without winglet; 2 for A/C with winglet) and make sure that they are in good condition without obvious damage.
目视检查左大翼翼尖放电刷（没有小翼的飞机有4个；有小翼的飞机有2个），确保它们的
外观正常、无明显的损伤
30．Visually check HF antenna locating at leading edge of vertical stabilizer and make sure that they are in good condition without obvious damage.
目视检查垂尾前缘上的HF天线，确保它们的外观正常、无明显的损伤。
31．Prior to engine start, perform a final walk around to check all doors and servicing panels are properly closed (except for interphone access panel located in fwd aircraft). Make sure landing gear safety pins (3 in total) are removed, make sure the nose wheel steering bypass valve pin isremoved. Make sure that the headphone is removed and interphone access panel is closed before taxiing.
发动机起动前，绕飞机一周检查所有舱门/盖板关好(除机头内话盖板)。确保起落架安全销(共3个)取下，确保前轮转弯旁通活门销取下。飞机滑行前确保拔下耳机并关闭内话盖板
32．Visually check all the control lever, the switches and circuit breakers are set at the proper position and are clean. Set the brightness of PFD, ND and CDU to DIM. 目视检查所有操纵手柄、电门和电路跳开关位置正常且清洁。将PFD、ND和CDU的亮度调到最暗
33．Make sure probe heater switches on the overhead panel in flight deck are in OFF position and all the heater lights illuminate.
确保驾驶舱头顶板上的探头加温电门放在关断位，所有的加温灯点亮
34．Visually check left alternate static port and make sure that they are in good condition without obvious damage. Check the fuselage skin around static ports, make sure it smooth and clean, no dent and damage.
目视检查左辅助静压口并确保它们的外观正常，无明显的损伤。检查静压孔周边机身蒙皮，确保光滑洁净，无凹坑和损伤
35．Clean the display and indicators on the front instrument panels using soft leather. Clean the avionic system control panels on the center control stand using soft brush
and rag.
用软皮清洁前仪表板上的显示器和指示器，用软毛刷和抹布清洁中央操纵台上电子系统的控制面板
Operational test cockpit voice recorder system. Make sure it works normally. Visually check emergency locator transmitter and megaphone in passenger cabin for presence and proper condition.
操作测试驾驶舱声音记录器系统，确保它工作正常。目视检查客舱应急定位发射机和喇叭，确保它们在位，状态良好
36．There are two drain port locations. The first is the forward drain port for the forward lavatory/galley. The second is the aft drain/overflow port for the water service panel. The drain ports have 1/2 - 14 ANPT threads
有两个排放口位置。第一个是前厕所/厨房的前排放口。第二个是水勤务面板的后排放/溢流口。排放口具有1/2 – 14 ANPT锥形管螺纹。
37．DRAIN, OR USE THE POTABLE WATER SYSTEM A MINIMUM OF ONE TIME EACH THREE DAYS. IF YOU DO NOT DRAIN, OR USE THE WATER SYSTEM FREQUENTLY, BACTERIA CAN GROW IN THE WATER. IF YOU DRINK WATER WITH BACTERIA IN IT, ILLNESS CAN OCCUR。
每三天最少进行一次的排放或使用饮用水系统。如果不进行排放或频繁的使用饮用水系统，细菌会生长。饮用有细菌的水可造成疾病。
38．Make sure there is water in the water boiler. Check water lines connection to the boiler for water leakage
确认烧水器有水。检查烧水器的接头是否漏水
39．Push the TEST switch on the voice recorder control panel for approximately five seconds. Make sure that you hear a tone in the headset, COM-1614 while you push the TEST switch. Make sure that the TEST light comes on and stays on while you push the TEST switch.
按压话音记录器控制面板上的测试电门大约5秒钟。当按压测试电门时，确保在COM-1614耳机内，听到一声测试谐声。当按压测试电门时，确保TEST灯点亮并保持长亮。
40．If the oil level is in the black area below the silver band, the oil level is too low and servicing is necessary .
如果滑油量在银带下面的黑色区域，滑油量太少，需要勤务。
41．When the oil is cold and the oil level is above the silverband but below the DRAIN line, the IDG has been overfilled a little. Some of the oil should be drained until the oil level is at the top of the silver band. Use the steps below to drain some of the oil.
当冷滑油滑油量在银带上方但低于排放线时，IDG滑油溢出了一些，需要排放一些滑油直到滑油量在银带的顶部为止。用下面的步骤排放滑油。
42．MAKE SURE YOU PUSH THE PUSH-TO-VENT VALVE. FAILURE TO DO THIS COULD CAUSE HOT
新视野大学英语1 sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译 一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning community.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。）Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。）The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。） 1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning.（与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。） Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。）This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. （这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我表达的视觉障碍。）In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. （此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，）In this way, students can help to keep the online environment open and friendly.（这就使得网上环境开放而友好。） 2. Be able to communicate through writing. （能通过书写进行交流。） In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing.（虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是学生要具有书面表达能力。）Some students have limited writing abilities, which need to be improved before or as part of the online experience. (有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。)This usually requires extra commitment by these students.( 这常常需要他们加倍努力。) Whether working alone or in a group, students share ideas, perspectives and discussions on the subject being studied, and read about those of their classmates. (不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。)In this way, students gain great insights from their peers, learning from each other as well as the instructor.( 这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。) 3. Be willing to "speak up" if problems arise.(说出你的困难。) Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course.(记住，虚拟课堂里老师看不见学生。)This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.(这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。) If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.( 如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难，必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。) If one person does not understand something, possibly several others have the same problem.( 如果某人不理解某个问题，或许别人也有同样的问题。) If another student is able to help, he or she probably will.( 如果有哪个学生能解决，他(她)也许就会帮助你。) While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the subject. (学生在给他人解释问题时，自己对该问题的认识也加深了。) 4. Take the program seriously.(认真对待课程。) Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. （网上学习并不比课堂学习容易。）In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. （事实上，许多学生说它需要花更多的时间和努力。）Requirements for online courses are no less than those of any other quality program. （网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。）Successful online students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. （然而，取得成功的学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。）Many online students sit at computers for hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments. （晚上或周末，为了完成作业，许多网络学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。）When other people are finished with their work and studies and having fun, you'll most likely find online students doing their course work.（别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。）Online students need to
汉译英翻译方法
汉译英三步骤： 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解，也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的，不是一对一的死译，而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文，要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思，是否有 漏译、错译，译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧： 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思，还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”：country, nation, state, land 分别内涵：疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思，运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda （带贬义） 汉译英选词原则： （1）选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”：audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示：听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达： 工作条件：working condition 有利的条件：favorable situation 录取条件：admission requirement 付款条件：terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重，有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”：employment problem, unemployment problem（找不到工作就业已 成问题，即失业问题） “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs（没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女，不需找工作的并不包括在内） （2）要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. （3）选词时不要望文生义，不要死译，要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。
英译中
Unit 4 1.Never before had anything so tragic happened in their sport. 滑冰界以前从来没有发生过类似的惨剧 2.The plane appeared to be making a normal approach to land when it suddenly reared up into the sky. 飞机好像准备正常着陆，突然又攀升到天空 3.It was 10:05 A.M. when the Sabena jet hit the ground and exploded in a ball of flames. 10点05分，飞机撞到地面爆炸了，燃成了一团火球。 4.All 72 people on board were killed, including 49 Americans and 11 members of the crew. 机上72人全部遇难，其中包括49名美国人和11名机组人员。 5.All that remained as rescuers combed through the wreckage were three pairs of melted skate dangling from one of the wings. 救援人员仔细搜寻了遇难现场，只找到三双已经烧焦的冰鞋，在残留的机翼上摇曳。 Unit 5 1. 我们怎样才能把孩子引向成功之路？ 2. 不错，为创建微软，我未完成大学学业，不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛待了三年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。 3. 读高中时，我有一段时间醉心于软件编写，但大部分时间里，我的学习兴趣相当广泛。 5. 深入掌握自己感兴趣领域的专业知识，能够引导你走向成功，除非这个专业没有发展前途，或者你并不很擅长这个
五年级下册单词、课文中译英(上海版牛津英语)
五下 一、（1） 樱桃cherry 榴莲durian 眼镜glasses 在……前面in front of 在……里面inside 在……外outside 李子、梅子plum 升起rise 影子shadow 大楼block (日、月)落到地平线下go down 公寓flat （2） 睡着asleep 醒着awake 满的full 空的empty 锤子hammer 把……藏起来hide 螺丝刀screwdriver 摇动器shaker 线string 轮子wheel 放、安置put 系、栓tie （用剪刀）剪下cut out 仔细的careful 豆、菜豆bean 响亮的loud 杯子cup 试、试用try 两个都both 女士lady
（3）靠垫cushion 有绒毛的fluffy 我的（东西）mine 包裹parcel 粗糙的rough 光亮的shiny 他们的（东西）theirs 你的，你们的（东西）yours 我们的（东西）ours 他的（东西）his 移动move （4） 救save 丢失的lost 烟smoke 不同的different 饮料drink 相同的same 舌、舌头tongue 鼻子nose 二、（1） 树枝branch 笼子cage 时间表timetable 大门gate 肉meat 鹦鹉parrot 左边left 右边right 千克，公斤kilo 台阶step 沿着，顺着along （2） 钥匙key 拜访，看望visit 玩具toy 给give 恐龙dinosaur 木偶puppet 电脑computer
（3） 家具furniture 市场market 警察局police station 架子shelf 沙发sofa 灯lamp 镜子mirror 打滚roll over 三、（1） 她的（东西）hers 叶子leaf(leaves) 敞开的open （2） 刷净brush 吵闹的noisy 进来come in 日记diary 起床get up 进球得分goal 发嘶嘶声的hissing 发嗡嗡声的humming 流行的pop 组group 得分score 顶好的，超级的super 二十五twenty-five 飞fly(flew) （3） 水稻，大米rice 小鸡chicken 建造build 温度temperature 度，度数degree 三十五thirty-five 毫米millimetre 暴风雨storm 共102个
中译英翻译练习
中译英翻译练习（1） 新中国建立了民族区域自治制度。在少数民族聚居地区设立自治机关，由当地民族自己管理本民族的内部事务。目前，全国共有159 个民族区域自治地方，其中自治区5个，自治州30个，自治县（旗）124个。民族区域自治地方根据《中华人民共和国民族区域 自治法》行使各种自治权利，有权依照当地民族的政治、经济和文化的特点，制定自治条例和单行条例；在不违背宪法和法律的原则下，有权采取特殊政策和灵活措施；上级国家机关的决议、决定、命令、指示，如有不适合民族区域自治地方实际情况的，自治机关可以报请批准变通执行或停止执行；自治机关有自主地管理本地方财政、经济、文化、教育事业的自治权利。在民族杂居散居地区，还建立了1500多个民族乡，使杂居散居的少数民族能更好地享受平等的权利。 New China brought about the system of regional autonomy for national minorities. Organs of self-government were set up in regions where people of national minorities live in compact communities， and the internal affairs of the national minorities were handled by themselves. At present， there are throughout the country 159 national autonomous areas， including five autonomous regions， 30 autonomous prefectures and 124 autonomous counties （or
英译中
1. 进入大学以后, 他对计算机很感兴。(become interested in) After entering the university, he became interested in computer(s). 2. 集邮几乎占据了他所有业余时间。(occupy) Collecting stamps occupies almost all of his spare time. 3.只要专心学习, 你一定能顺利通过考试。(concentrate) So long as / If you concentrate on your studies, you’ll succeed in passing the examinations. 4. 越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。(be aware) More and more people are aware that it is important to obey the traffic rules. 5. 尽管有很多困难, 我们仍将努力执行我们的计划。(in spite of) In spite of many difficulties, we will do our best to carry out our plan. 6. 诺贝尔奖金授予那些在某一个领域作出巨大贡献的科学家。(be awarded) Nobel Prizes are awarded to the scientists who/ that (have)made great achievements in a certain field. 1.让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。(take advantage of) Let’s take advantage of the long vacation and make a trip to Hong Kong. 2.考核点： 1）take advantage of the long vacation 2)make a trip to 2. 这张照片使我想起了我们在夏令营里度过的日子。(remind) This photo reminds me of the days (that )we spent in the summer camp. 考核点1)remind …of 2)the days we spent 3.假如你想从事这项工作，你必须先接受三个月的训练。(take up) If you want to take up this job, you should first be trained for three months. 考核点： 1）take up the job 2)be trained 4. 你一旦养成了坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。(once) Once you form/get into a bad habit, it’s very difficult to get rid of /get out of it. 考核点： 1）once 2)get rid of /get out of 5. 同其他学生相比，那个女孩有更强的英语听、说能力。(compare) Compared with other students, the girl has better listening and speaking abilities in English. 考核点： 1）compared with 2)better 3)listening and speaking abilities 6. 众所周知，成功来自勤奋，不努力则一事无成。(without) As we all know, success comes /results from hard work; without efforts nothing can be done/achieved. 考核点： 1)as we all know 2)come/result form 3)without 1．早睡早起有益于健康（do good to） Going to bed early and getting up early does good to your health.
5-8单元英语课文翻译
学英语既有乐趣又有回报 文学的研究——包含对哲学、宗教、历史事件的发展和观念由来的研究，不仅是文明的,并且有教化作用，而且是流行的和实际的。在所有从文理学院毕业并获得学士学位的人中，有六分之一的人主修英语。让人惊异的是，这些毕业生能胜任范围相当广泛的工作。他们的经验表明，这种广泛流行的偏见是错误的，即英语专业的学生只能从事新闻或教学工作：事实上，主修英语的学生也为未来从事法律、医学、商业和公职等职业做了相当好的准备。 有人时常劝告期望上法学院或医学院的大学生要学习与他们的择业有直接联系的严格制定的课程。有人还建议未来法学院的学生应该选修政治、历史、会计、商业管理，甚至人体解剖学、婚姻和家庭生活等课程。未来医学院的学生被引导去学习多种理科课程，实际上，这些课程比他们考入医学院所需要的理科课程要多得多。令人惊讶的是，许多法学院和医学院却指出，如此专门化的准备不但没有必要，而且并不可取。没有什么"法律预科”课程：上法学院和从事法律行业的最好的准备是培养学生能够进行批判性的思考；能够进行清晰的合乎逻辑的自我表述；能够对他人的动机、行动和想法进行敏锐的分析。这些技能也正是英语专业要教给学生掌握的技能。 此外，要进入法学院就读，通常需要具有合格院校颁发的学士学位，还需要拿到最低限度的各课平均积分点，并和在法学院录取考试(L.S.A.T.)中取得一个通得过的分数。这项测试包括三个部份：首先是测试阅读理解、图型分类和书面材料评估等能力。测试的第二个部份是考核对英语语法和词汇用法的掌握能力，组织书面材料的能力和文字编辑的能力。第三个部份是检测学生的文学、艺术、音乐、自然科学和社会科学的一般知识。显而易见，主修英语的学生参加法学院录取考试会得心应手。 至于医学院，入学要求主要的一条只是修满32个学时的理科课程。这一要求对主修英语的学生来说肯定不成问题。另外，许多医学院校要求学生必须在医学院入学考试中取得规定的最低分，这一测试对全面发展的文科学生来说又十分有利。医学院入学考试检测四方面的能力：同义词、反义词和词语联想能力；从分数到立体几何学的基本数学知识；文学、哲学、心理学、音乐、艺术和社会科学的常识；以及熟悉中学和大学初始阶段教过的生物学、化学和物理学基本原理的程度。理科基础扎实的主修英语学生完全有能力参加这一考试和医学院入学考试，他们的阅读、分析、阐述和准确交流的能力使他们更胜一筹。学医和行医只会从对人的行为的洞察中受益无穷，而这种洞察却是文学研究才能提供的。 很明显，如此的洞察力对计划以经商为业的学生来说也是很有价值的。这样的学生应该考虑的是，挑选主修对商科有侧重的英语课程是有优势的：这种课程的目的在于在提供文科教育的同时，也为从商职业做准备。对这种教育计划的需求是显而易见的：只有技术性资格的毕业生能找到从商工作，但却经常难以居其位。《华尔街杂志》）和《大学生就业杂志》都有报道，说越来越多的著名商学院的毕业生发现他们自己经常从一种工作或一家公司跳槽到另一个工作或另一家公司，在一个工作岗位上干不了十二个月。雇主们抱怨说，这些表面上年轻有为的男女们根本不会有效地交流，因为他们的文字能力不够强；他们不能够从管理人员培训中学到东西；他们不能够进行有效的口头表达；他们不能用书面形式报告他们的工作进展或问题；他们不能够指导其他工作人员。然而，分析和交流的技能却是管理的最根本的需要。 因此，偏重商业经营管理的主攻英语的学生为未来从事商业管理作好了充分准备。对涉及从银行、保险到通信乃至制造业等众多领域的将近400家公司进行了有关调查，针对是否聘用具有英语学位文凭的毕业生，甚至没有受过行业领域的专门培训的毕业生这一问题，百分之八十五的公司说他们聘用过。拥有英语学位文凭的大学毕业生在营销、系统工程、人事管理、销售、编程、项目设计和劳资关系等领域都工作得十分出色。 主修英语的学生也正在各级政府提供的上千种岗位上工作。就拿可以算得是美国最大的雇主的联邦政府来说吧。从海军陆战队到矿务局，从商业部到国家公园服务处，联邦政府各种机构雇佣的劳动大军近三百万人。主修英语的学生适合做其中的许多工作。最近，向51个联邦政府机构调查了同一个问题：是否聘用有英语学位文凭而却没有受过专门行业训练的大学毕业生，88%的这些联邦政府单位的回答是肯定的。主修英语的毕业生能胜任联邦政府的一系列工作，从索赔审议到外交官到公路安全管理专家等等。再说，那些要求高薪高位的人可能还需要参加一种考试，也就是说，联邦政府每年都要举行"业务和管理职业考试”对大约 10 000种工作岗位的求职者进行考核，而测试的焦点仍然侧重语言技能：理解、分析、阐述、理解概念间逻辑关系的能力，以及解决用文字表述问题的能力。毫不奇怪，主修英语的学生时常在这一考试中获得高分。 简而言之，英语的课程既无局限性又很实用：学习英语是对职业生涯的绝好准备 "日本式英语”能成为一种合法的语言吗? 在我们当地的面包店的招牌上这样写着："我们希望总能提供给你新鲜的面包并建议你享受有面包吃的生活乐趣，特别是，我们想成为你厨房晚餐的主人。我们用各种不同类型的面包、蛋糕和三明治恭候你们。” 这段话大意清楚，但能认为是正确的英语吗？是的，回答是肯定的，这是一位在日本的美国学者的观点。他说日本式英语与印度英语、牙买加和菲律宾等国说的英语一 样也应看作是合法英语。 教育学博士马歇尔?奇尔兹认为，日本学生应该不管英式 和美式英语的"势利”，以适合自己的方式来说英语，即使这样做 可能会违背语法、发音和句子结构等公认的规则 但是，他对"日本式英语”的推崇却激怒了他的一些同事，而且还在日本的一家英文报纸《读卖新闻》专栏上引发了一场激烈的争论。 奇尔兹先生是日本一所国际学院的院长，他认为两种语言（英语和日语）的混合是可以接受的，因为在日本人听来，这种英文更容易理解。 "创造性地使用语法结构是日本式英语的特征，其结果对那些期待使用标准语法的人来说是非常令人震惊的，但是其意义通常是完全可以理解的，也许这是因为它遵循了自然的思路。 "如果我们（以英语为母语的人）对日本式英语有偏见的话，那是我们的问题，不是日本人的问题。” 作为一个留居日本已有16年之久的居民，奇尔兹先生批评英语语言学校，说它们"羞辱”学生，让他们注册学习"正确的”英语 课。 "我认识一位学生，在学了15 年英语之后，她诚恳地听了一位新老师的意见，从最基础的东西开始，
英语(1)离线作业英译中
英语(1)离线作业英译中 篇一：英语(1)离线作业英译中 请从以下50句英语句子中，任选30句将其翻译成汉语，请标清楚相应的题号。 1.Asisknowntoall,chinaisthelargestdevelopingcountryintheworldtoday.众所周知，中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家 2.Thefriendsaweverythingbutdidnotsayasingleword. 朋友看到了一切，但没有说一个字 3.TheythoughtthattheremustbesomethingwrongwiththeirTVset. 他们认为一定是他们的电视机出了毛病。 4.Youandyourteamcandiscovertheanswerstoproblemstogether. 你和你的团队可以一起找到问题的答案。 5.Lifeismeaninglesswithoutapurpose. 没有目标的生活是毫无意义 6.hedidn’tneedtoattendthemeeting. 他不需要参加会议 7.hepreferscoffeetotea. 他喜欢咖啡茶。 8.Areyoufondofmusic? 你喜欢音乐吗？
9.You’dbetterdothatagain. 你最好再做一次。 10.whatkindoflifedomostpeopleenjoy? 大多数人喜欢什么样的生活？？ 11.Thisboxcanholdmorebooksthanthatone. 这个盒子比那个盒子能装更多的书。12.botheAnnandmaryaresuitableforthejob. 安妮和玛丽都适合的工作。 13.Isleptsoundlyallnight. 我整夜睡的很熟 14.haveyouseenTomrecently? 你最近见过汤姆吗？ 这些日子你怎么样？ 16.whattimedoyougoswimmingeveryday? 你每天都去游泳吗？ 17.wouldyoumindclosingthewindowforme? 能帮我关一下窗户吗？ 18.couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis? 您能告诉我邮电局怎么走吗？ 19.I’mthinkingaboutavisittoparis. 我在考虑去巴黎旅游.
商务英语(二)课文英译中
Unit 2 1.The manufacturer, therefore, has to find the balance between designing a separate car for each market – which would be exorbitantly costly – and designing one car for all markets. 因此，制造商就必须在为每个市场设计一辆不同的车（这当然需要高昂的费用）和为所有市场设计同一款车之间寻求平衡。 2.Such opportunities are not normally available to a company that operates only in one country or is only just entering a new country. 只在一个国家经营或只进入一个新的国家的公司通常得不到这样的机会。 3.The advent of the Internet and Intranets has the potential to accelerate the process of mining all markets for relevant information and for features that can be included in new products. 互联网和局域网的来临有可能加快发掘所有的市场找到相关信息和能被用到新产品中的特征的过程。 4.The laboratories co-ordinates their efforts by looking at the possibilities of melding product ideas arising from different countries. 这些实验室通力协作寻求把产生于不同国家的关于产品的想法加以整合的可能性。5.The product itself may have been developed with reference to observations of present and potential customers rather than conventional market research. 产品本身的开发也许参考了对现有或潜在客户的观察，而不是常规的市场研究。 6.When Citibank introduced its credit card in the Asia-Pacific region, it launched it sequentially and tailored the product features for each country while maintaining its premium positioning. 当花旗银行在亚太地区推出信用卡业务时，它在各个国家依次推出并且在维持它的高端定位的同时为每个国家度身打造了一些独特的产品特征。 Unit 4 1.The dramatic success gives the Finnish group, led by Chief Executive Jorma Ollila, an obvious claim to membership of any league ranking the world’s most respected companies. 令人瞩目的成功让首席执行官约玛.奥雷拉领导下的这家芬兰集团公司得以轻松地跻身于任何一个世界最受尊敬公司的排行榜之中。 2.Focus meant turning Nokia from a sprawling conglomerate, with a promising mobile business, into a dedicated mobile phone company. 专门化意味着把诺基亚从拥有前景诱人的移动通讯业务的一家业务繁杂的集团公司变成一个专门的手机公司。 3.Out went much of ‘the baggage’ --- chemicals, tyres, cables and television-set manufacturing were among the businesses offloaded during the early 1990s. 许多‘包袱’都被甩掉了--- 化学品、轮胎、电缆、及电视机制造都是在九十年代初被精简掉的业务。 4.The group has outstripped its rivals, Motorola and Ericsson, because it has allied engineering excellence with great marketing flair. 诺基亚集团已经超越了竞争对手摩托罗拉和爱立信，因为它把精良的做工和骄人的营销才能结合起来。 5.Moreover, it has kept at the forefront of innovation, shortening product cycles, and launching new models just when the margins on old ones are starting to dive.
新视野大学英语3中译英英译中原文及翻译
新视野大学英语第3册课后翻译原题与答案 汉译英: Unit 1 1.No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, y ou will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难再这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。 2.Just as all his sister’s friend、s cared about him, Jimmy cared about them. 就想吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心他们。 3.Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help t rack down stolen vehicles. 汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。 4.If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。 5.Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with the ir children. 有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。 6.Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establis h the company. 现在需要面对的问题是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。 Unit 2 1、The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪。 2、All things considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of ir on. 总体来看，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 3、No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。 4、Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advanc e. 考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。 5、If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctor as soon as possible. 服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医师。 6、Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to so lve the problem. 总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法解决这一问题。 uint3. 1.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统
英语和汉语互译中的区别
英语和汉语的区别 一、英语重结构，汉语重语义 我国著名语言学家王力先生曾经说过：“就句子的结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。”(《中国语法理论》，《王力文集》第一卷，第35页，山东教育出版社，1984年) 我们看一看下面的例子： Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt （成为固定装置的，嵌入墙内的；内在的，固有的）personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived。 译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视前休闲，到这时数字时代就来到了。 这句英语是由四个独立句构成的并列句，前三个句子都用简单将来时，最后一个句子用的是将来完成时，句子之间的关系通过时态、逗号和并列连词and表示得一清二楚。而汉语译文明显就是简单的叙述，至于句子之间的关系完全通过句子的语义表现出来：前三个句子可以看成是并列关系，最后一个句子则表示结果。 二、英语多长句，汉语多短句 由于英语是"法治"的语言，只要结构上没有出现错误，许多意思往往可以放在一个长句中表达；汉语则正好相反，由于是"人治"，语义通过字词直接表达，不同的意思往往通过不同的短句表达出来。正是由于这个原因，考研英译汉试题几乎百分之百都是长而复杂的句子，而翻译成中文经常就成了许多短小的句子。 例如：Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline （身心的锻炼，训练；纪律，风纪，命令服从；惩戒，惩罚；学科，科目）and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. 译文：人们对历史研究方法产生了兴趣，这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战，还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵。 英文原句是个典型的长句，由27个词组成，中间没有使用任何标点符号，完全靠语法结构使整个句子的意思化零为整：less through...and more from构成一个复杂的状语修饰动词arisen。在中文翻译中，"产生兴趣"这一重要内容通过一个独立的句子表达，两个不同的原因则分别由不同的句子表达，整个句子被化整为零。 三、英语多从句，汉语多分句 英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长，同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂，而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接，整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体。汉语本来就喜欢用短句，加上表达结构相对松散，英语句子中的从句
英语离线作业英译中
请从以下50句英语句子中，任选30句将其翻译成汉语，请标清楚相应的题号。 1.As is known to all, China is the largest developing country in the world today. 1.众所周知，中国是当今世界上最大的发展中国家 2.The friend saw everything but did not say a single word. 2.朋友看到了一切，但没有说一个字。 3.They thought that there must be something wrong with their TV set. 3.他们想他们的电视一定出现了问题。 4.You and your team can discover the answers to problems together. 4.你和你的团队可以一起研究解决出这个问题的答案。 5.Life is meaningless without a purpose. 5.没有目标的生命是没有意义的。 6.He didn’t need to attend the meeting. 6.他不需要参加会议。 7.He prefers coffee to tea. 7.比起茶他更喜欢咖啡。 8.Are you fond of music? 8.你喜欢音乐吗？ 9.You’d better do that again. 9.你最好再做一次。 10.What kind of life do most people enjoy? 10.大多数人喜欢怎么样的生活？ 11.This box can hold more books than that one. 11.这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书 12.Bothe Ann and Mary are suitable for the job. 12.安妮和玛丽都适合这份工作。 13.I slept soundly all night. 13.我整晚都睡得很好。 14.Have you seen Tom recently? 14.你最近有见到汤姆吗？ 15.How are you doing these days? 15.这些天你都在做什么？ 16.What time do you go swimming every day? 16.你每天的什么时间去游泳？ 17.Would you mind closing the window for me? 17.你介不介意帮我关下这个窗户吗？ 18.Could you tell me where the post office is? 18.你能告诉我警察局在哪里吗？ 19.I’m thinking about a visit to Paris. 19.我正考虑去巴黎旅游。