英汉汉英翻译教程参考译文

第6课

The Miao Dragon Boat Festival (II)

The Miao Dragon Boat Festival is different from / differs from the Hans’ / that of the Hans / the Han celebration. Apart from / Besides / In addition to a different date of celebration from that of the Hans’ (which takes place / happens / is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) , it generally does not include a dragon boat race, but (it) chiefly (includes) visits to friends and relatives in other villages instead. The dragon boat begins its voyage along the river early in the morning / in the early morning, and is received by friends and relatives wherever / at any place where it stops / arrives.

When it approaches / comes near a village, an iron blaster is set off to announce its arrival / inform friends and relatives (of its arrival). Villagers on the bank respond with firecrackers / set off firecrackers in response and come to meet it. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman / present each oarsman with two cups of rice wine and then tie / fasten gifts—ducks, geese, and colored silks—(on) to the head of the dragon. Gifts for close relatives, like / such as sons-in-law or cousins, are pigs or goats.

At about 4 p.m. the boat stops alongside the river bank. The people on the boat eat, with their fingers / without using bowls and chopsticks, meat and glutinous rice balls (which are) placed on the sides of the boat. Women and children on the bank come to “beg”the boatmen for food. Legend had it that if one ate food from a dragon boat, he would be free from disaster and have all his wishes fulfilled, / eating food from a dragon boat would protect one from disaster and fulfill all one’s wishes, which / and that later became a tradition / traditional custom.

On the banks of the river are also held / there are also the Miaos’traditional horse races, bullfights and drum dances. Girls in holiday clothes / holiday attire / holiday array / their holiday best dance to (the accompaniment of) (log) drums / (log) drum beats. Young men and women sing antiphonally all through the festival nights; they get to know each other / get acquainted with each other thereby, and often get married / become man and wife later.

第7课

大本钟

大本钟是伦敦最有名的地标之一，也是世界上最大的四钟面时钟之一。1856年4月10日铸造了一口重16吨的报时钟，这个名字最初是给予那口钟的。这口钟从未正式命名，但是钟上的铭文记载，下订单的是工程局局长本杰明·霍尔爵士/ 是工程局局长本杰明·霍尔爵士下的订单；另一种猜测是，这口钟可能是根据当时走红的重量级拳击手本杰明·考恩特命名的。还有一种传说是，这口钟本来打算命名为“维多利亚”，向维多利亚女王表示敬意，但是举行仪式时的演说没完没了，有个爱开玩笑的人喊道：“啊，就管它叫大本，别罗嗦了！”这个名字就粘上了/ 甩不掉了。

当时钟楼尚未完工/ 竣工，这口钟安放在新王宫院内，但钟在钟槌的敲击下裂开了，其金属重铸为如今使用的重15.17吨的钟/ 其金属重铸为另一口钟，重15.17吨，如今仍在使用。新钟于1859同四口报刻钟一道安放于钟楼之内。

1834年10月16日晚，原来的威斯特敏斯特宫毁于火灾，钟楼是作为查尔斯·巴利设计的新王宫的一部分而建造的。按维多利亚时代的哥特式风格设计，高316英尺（合96米）。由于自建成以来就存在的地面状况，钟楼稍向西北倾斜，大约8.66英寸(合220毫米) 。

钟面嵌在一个直径21英尺（合7米）的铁制框架中，框架支撑着576块乳白玻璃，很像一个彩色玻璃窗。有些玻璃可以卸下来/ 拆下来检查指针。分针长14英尺（合4.25米），数字高2英尺（合0.6米）。议会开会期间，钟面上方亮起灯光。到了晚上，四个钟面都照亮了，这座钟就成了一道异常壮观的景象。

英国国民要登上钟楼，可拨打/ 呼叫020·7219·3000进行预约。国外游客要求游览，可在预定参观之前至少3个月发函至：英国伦敦SW1A 2JN，坎南路1号, 议会公共工程设施局钟楼游览处。

第8课

Zhangjiajie Forest Park

Zhangjiajie Forest Park is located / is situated / finds itself within the boundaries of Zhangjiajie City in northwestern Hunan /, northwestern Hunan. Founded in 1982, this forest park / This forest park, founded in 1982, was included by the United Nations in The World Natural Heritage Directory in Dec., 1992, and listed as a world geopark in Feb., 2004.

It is China’s first national forest park, and boasts a peculiar sandstone needle karst landform. / (As) China’s first national forest park, it boasts a peculiar sandstone needle karst landform / It is China’s first national forest park, boasting / with a peculiar sandstone needle karst landform. There are here / It has numerous fantastic peaks and rocks, all shrouded in clouds and mist whether it is clear or rainy, making the place look like a dreamland. // The place looks like a dreamland as there are here / as it has / with numerous fantastic peaks and rocks, all shrouded in clouds and mist whether it is clear or rainy.

With lofty peaks and dense primeval forests, it has species of the world’s five families of plants, more than twice as many as / double / doubling those in Europe as a whole, and many of which are rare survivors of ancient species. It is also a favorable natural habitat for various kinds of rare birds and animals, among which the locally called “water-carrying bi rd”, in particular, is a fowl very rare indeed in the world.

Huangshizhai is the top attraction of Zhangjiajie where the best sights in the place are concentrated // with / boasting / embracing the best sights in the place. There is the local saying: “From coming to Huangshizhai you refrain, and your trip to Zhangjia jie is in vain.” The re the tourist can enjoy to his heart’s content / can feast his eyes on a marvelous fairyland of fantastic peaks and rocks, streams and forests, rare birds and animals, and sunrises above clouds..

第9课

印巴研制核武器揭秘（节选）

印度的核试验反过来又为巴基斯坦核武器鼓吹者提供了进行核试验的完美借口。在巴基斯坦，宗教极端分子也鼓吹进行核试验。与此同时，军方谋求研制核武器，以对抗/ 抗衡（规模）大得多的印度武装力量/ 武装部队。

印度进行核试验之后，美中两国的外交努力部分地抵消了这种呼声。此外，一些分析家和活动家还列举了经济制裁可能产生的不良影响，因为/ 说任何核试验后经济制裁必定随之而来。他们建议，巴基斯坦不要步印度后尘/ 效法印度——让印度独自面对国际社会的愤怒，但无济于事。印度进行核试验三周后，巴基斯坦也进行了自己的核试验。

虽然双方都夸大其词，但两国的核试验引起的地震信号微弱，（这就）让人怀疑它们宣布的核爆炸当量。印度武器研究部门公布的支持其声言的数据严重不足/ 印度武器研究部门公布了一些数据支持其声言，但（数据）严重不足，例如，一张据说表明核辐射副产品当量的曲线图坐标轴上没有单位。独立科学家一直无法核实两国的确引爆了各自宣称的那么多装置。

不管具体情况如何，两国核试验大大改变了南亚的军事局势。这些试验刺激两国研制更先进的武器、导弹、潜艇、反弹道导弹系统和指挥控制系统。1999年8月，《印度核原则草案》要求部署“由飞机、地面移动导弹和海上发射/ 海基导弹”构成的三合一力量来投放核武器。这样的系统将耗资约80亿美元。今年1月，印度政府宣布将部署新的远程导弹。一个月后，巴基斯坦海军副参谋长也宣布，巴基斯坦正考虑至少在一艘潜艇上部署导弹核导弹/ 至少为一艘潜艇装备核导弹。

第10课

China Declares National Mourning; Rescues (Still) Continue (II) But rescuers still haven’t given up hope. Over the weekend, soldiers / troops opened a road into this town in the mountains of central Sichuan, allowing / permitting essential supplies and equipment to start flowing / coming in to rescuers and survivors and providing an escape route for those fleeing the destruction.

That puts Yingxiu, (located) about 60 miles (to the) west of Chengdu, at / That made Yingxiu, about 60 miles (to the) west of Chengdu, the center of one of / what is one of the largest disaster-relief operations in Chinese history. Tens of thousands of soldiers / troops, paramilitary police, rescuers, civilian officials and volunteers have joined / thrown themselves into / plunged into the effort.

Firefighters / Firemen from Qingdao in eastern China began to tunnel into / dig a tunnel into the wreckage / ruins of a collapsed office building in the early hours of the morning Sunday, trying to extricate / save / rescue as many as / up to four people believed to be alive after they had been trapped for nearly a week.

At least one of the people, a 44-year-old woman whose legs were pinned (down), was still able to talk to the rescuers and received food and water, said / according to a firefighter involved in / taking part in / participating in / who had joined in the rescue..

But when an aftershock measuring magnitude 6.1 / a magnitude-6.1 aftershock hit / struck and rain turned into a downpour, making the building even more unstable, the firemen had to / were forced to / were compelled to suspend the search. They resumed work / the rescue at dawn / after daybreak.

The woman, (named / called / by the name of) Yu Jinhua, was (successfully) rescued at 8:10 p.m. Sunday, Xinhua reported. She had been buried for (as long as) 150 hours. Rescuers spent 56 hours trying to get her out / rescue her / extricate her, the report said.

第12课

Greening Our Future (II)

Ancient Chinese philosophers repeatedly / time and again / over and over again emphasized / stressed man’s integration with nature as a supreme virtue / that man’s integration with nature was a supreme virtue. Some advocated the golden mean / the doctrine of the (golden) mean / the middle road, and others (advocated) peacefulness with the world. These sparks of wisdom, unfortunately, / It is unfortunate that these sparks of wisdom have been obscured by history for two thousand years. Now it is time to convert / transform / change / turn these ideas into action // put these ideas into practice.

Before I came to Britain, I read in the paper that, to prevent further soil erosion / the soil (from) being further eroded, local governments in western China have prohibited / forbidden felling and provided new jobs for former timber cutters. I felt / was relieved to read that. But, at the same time, I was concerned / worried that many people still ignored / turned a blind eye to the destruction of nature / the destruction that nature suffered. The environmental issue is ultimately a social issue. / In the final analysis, the environmental issue is a social issue. As long as / So long as there are people who pursue / seek short-term benefits at the expense of nature / at the cost of sacrificing nature, nature will continue to suffer. We should have long-term plans to use technology to restore nature / to restore nature by technological means instead of robbing / plundering her // rather than rob / plunder her; we should show greater care and love for Mother Nature and for all her children.

I was born in a province in western China, where I once met a retired timber cutter. He told me that, before his retirement / before he retired, he was awarded a medal as the first man in China to cut 100,000 trees. After his retirement, however, he made up his mind to plant / that he would plant twice as many trees as // twice / double the trees he had cut down. Up to now, he has been planting trees for a dozen

years or so. I can still recall / call to mind his weather-beaten face, and his big, coarse hands. I wish him to be still healthy. I wish the trees he has planted to be thriving / flourishing / luxuriant. And most of all / above all / most importantly, I hope that, just as this old man has been doing, all of us will give nature back / pay nature back / repay nature twice as much as we take from her. Working with our own hands, we will green our future.

第13课

奴隶制度与资本主义（二）

这就是说/ 这意味着，在从十五世纪至十九世纪末的四百年中，非洲因被抓去当奴隶或被屠杀而丧失了约六千五百万至七千五百万人；而且，这些人是非洲人中的精华，因为在通常情况下，人们不会把老弱病残抓去当奴隶。非洲各国人民能在这场空前的浩劫中幸存下来，而且今天比以前任何时候人数都更多，组织得更好，甚至即将获得彻底的民族解放，确实是人类历史的一大奇迹。

但是，非洲对欧洲资本主义、美洲殖民地以及美国资本主义的发展做出的最主要贡献，当然不在于奴隶贸易本身——尽管那是有利可图的——而在于奴隶制，在于上千万的黑人在长达两个多世纪的时间里被迫从事的无偿劳动/ 无偿的强迫劳动。

在说明美国资本主义发展迅速、规模巨大的原因时，史学家们指出了几个因素,这是正确的：一是美国幅员辽阔，资源极其丰富；二是远离 / 没有遭受欧洲那种连续不断的毁灭性战乱，战乱使美国的竞争对手倒退，而美国资产阶级却从中获取暴利；三是好几代人的时间里，欧洲人、亚洲人和拉丁美洲人移居美国，带来了技术和体力（还带来了种族差异，统治和剥削他们也因此而更加容易）。四是长期存在着资产阶级民主共和国这种适合资本主义早期发展和成熟的理想的政权形式 / 存在着资产阶级民主共和国，这是适合资本主义早期发展和成熟的理想的政权形式。所有这些因素都具有重大的意义。

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下拉菜单（pulldown）、 软驱（floppy drive）、 光驱（CD drive）、 鼠标（mouse）、 电脑（computer）、 内存条（RAM chip）、 复印机（xerox machine）、 安乐死（euthanasia）、 艾滋病（AIDS）、 香波（shampoo）、 连锁店（chain store）、 热狗（hot dog）、 自助餐（buffet）、 牛仔服（cowboy suit）、 T恤衫（T-shirt） 意合(parataxis) 隐性(covertness) 显性(overtness) 形合(hypotaxis) 伦理(ethics) 认知(cognition) 顺其自然(Let nature take its course in accordance with its natural tendency)、 听其自然(leave the matter as it is; take the world as it is)、 听天安命(accept the situation)、 听天由命(be at the mercy of nature; be left to God's mercy; let fate have its way; submit the will of Heaven; wait for one's fate)。 individualism（ 不管别人怎样做）只按个人方法行事的感觉或行为；我行我素 个体主义”。 整体(integrity) 综合性(synthetic) 个体(individuality)、 分析性(analytic) 直觉(intuition) 实证(evidence) 天人合一”(The Unity of Man and Heaven

研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译8

Why We're Fat 1 So why is obesity happening? The obvious, clichéd-but-true answer is that we eat too much high-calorie food and don't burn it off with enough exercise. If only we had more willpower, the problem would go away. But it isn't that easy. 为什么会有肥胖症？一个明显、老生常谈但又真实的答案就是我们吃太多高热量食物并且没有进行足够的运动消耗它。要是我们的意志力更强大，这个问题便迎刃而解了。但是，问题并不是那么简单。 2 When warned about the dangers of overeating, we get briefly spooked and try to do better. Then we're offered a plateful of pancakes smothered in maple syrup, our appetite overpowers our reason, and before we know it, we're at it again. Just why is appetite such a powerful driver of behavior, and, more important, how can we tame it? 当我们被警告说吃得太多的时候，一时总会被吓倒并努力做好一些。然后一碟涂满槭糖浆的煎饼摆在面前，我们的食欲战胜了我们的理智，等到我们意识到它的时候，我们又重蹈覆辙了。到底为什么食欲具有如此强大的推动力？更重要的是，我们怎么才能够控制它？ 3 Within the past few years, science has linked our ravenous appetites to genes and hormones. Among the hormones that fuel these urges are ghrelin and leptin, known as the "hunger hormones." Ghrelin is produced mostly by cells in the stomach lining. Its job is to make you feel hungry by affecting the hypothalamus, which governs metabolism. Ghrelin levels rise in dieters who lose weight and then try to keep it off. It's almost as if their bodies are trying to regain the lost fat. This is one reason why it's hard to lose weight and maintain the loss. 近几年来，科学将我们迫不及待要吃的食欲跟基因和激素联系起来。激起这些强烈的欲望的激素有胃促生长素和消瘦素，也被称作“饥饿激素”。胃促生长素主要由胃保护层的细胞产生。它的职责是影响控制新陈代谢的下丘脑，让你感到饥饿。当节食者减肥并且努力维持减肥效果，他的胃促生长素水平就会升高。就像他们的身体要试图恢复失去的脂肪。这是为什么很难减肥并维持减肥效果的原因之一。 4 Leptin turns your appetite off and is made by fat cells. Low leptin levels increase your appetite and signal your body to store more fat. High leptin levels relay the opposite signal. Many obese people have developed a resistance to the appetite-suppressing effects of leptin and never feel satisfied, no matter how much they eat. Basically, your body uses these hormones to help you stay at your weight and keep you from losing fat —which is another reason why dieting can be so difficult. 消瘦素消除你的食欲，它来自脂肪细胞。低消瘦素水平增加你的食欲并通知你的身体储存更多的脂肪。高消瘦素水平传递相反的信号。很多肥胖的人已经形成了一种对消瘦素抑制食欲效应的抵抗，不管他们吃多少也从不感到满足。从根本上说，你的身体利用这些激素帮助你保持现在的体重，不让你的脂肪流走——这是节食如此之难的另外一个原因。