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D

Long before iPhone, the cigarette was the companion of choice for restlessness. And long before Facebook and WeChat, it was tobacco that promised to better your social life. Now, quitting smartphones has become the new quitting smoking.

Of course, technology does not yellow your teeth, cause disease or lead to cancer. But some individuals are so concerned that device addiction is damaging their mental health. In order to reduce their dependence, even in Silicon Valley, people are turning off the messages that constantly buzz for their attention, banning smartphones from the bedroom and, curiously, changing the colors on their screens to a less tempting scale of gray.

The big tech companies will have to work out how to respond to this new generation of quitters. Facebook is the first to go public with its attempt, hoping its recent move can make the social network more homely.

Last year the tech industry got a bad name ---Big Tech---with unfortunate echoes of other industries that have faced fierce opposition, including Big Tobacco. Like them, the tech industry has to reduce concern from a new generation of activist shareholders (股东) that are questioning its role in the world. These campaigns are never as fierce as those faced by Big Tobacco. In the 1990s, socially responsible investors refused to put money in tobacco stocks.

It is far difficult for investors to challenge Big Tech and hard to separate the good these companies do in the world—connecting old friends and giving space for people to share their ideas—from the bad. In the meantime, stopping using technology remains problematic. In The World Without Mind: The Existential Threat of Big Tech, Franklin Foer argues that tech should be seen in a similar way to junk food: a convenience that some reject for more continuing nutrition.

So we need to do more to turn the tide. In the same way that public service announcements made smoking around your children taboo (禁忌), we can warn parents against losing themselves in their smartphones while taking care of kids. We can also create no-smartphone zones at dinner. Eventually smartphones could be banned from all public places and help us give our attention to

the people around us instead.

12. How did people keep close relationships with others in the past?

A. By smoking.

B. By drinking.

C. By phoning

D. By dining out.

13. Why is the tech industry called Big Tech?

A. It plays a bad role in the world.

B. It is as big as Big Tobacco.

C. It has an unfortunate name.

D. It is a giant in Silicon Valley.

14. What can we infer from Franklin Foer’s argument about the tech?

A. It promotes social development.

B. It is still favored by some people.

C. It is worse than Big Tobacco.

D. It offers continuing nutrition.

15. Which can be the best title for the passage?

A. Creating a No Smartphone Life

B. Smartphones Enrich Our Social Life

C. Smoking Does Greater Harm Than Smartphones Do

D. Quitting Smartphones Is the New Quitting Smoking

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第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)

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D

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