新世纪大学英语教材综合教程第3本 unit 1 答案

Unit One Frendship

I. Key Words and Useful Expressions (Text A)

1. appropriate (L. 4)

1) adj.～(for/to) suitable; right and proper 适当的；合适的；正当的

运动服用于正式婚礼中是不适当的。

Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding.

他郑重其事的讲话方式适合于那个场合。

His formal style of speaking was appropriate to the occasion.

2) vt.

a) take (sth.) for one’s own use, esp. without permission or illegally 拿（某事物）为己所用（尤

指未经获准或非法者）；擅用；挪用；盗用

他被控告挪用俱乐部基金。He was accused of appropriating club funds.

b) ～sth. for sth: put (esp. money) on one side for a special purpose 拨出（尤指款项）

为新的训练计划已经拨款5000英镑。

￡5000 has been appropriated for a new training scheme.

2. thin adj. (L. 5) derogatory figurative of poor quality or lacking some important ingredient;

feeble 质量差的；缺乏某些重要成分的；弱的；无力的

总是用同样的借口就不足为信了。The same excuse is wearing thin.

书评家认为她最近写的那部小说没什么意思。The critics found her latest novel rather thin.

3. ground (L. 14)

1. n. [C] (esp. pl.) ～(for sth. /doing sth. /to do sth.) reason(s) or justification for saying, doing or

believing sth. 说、做或相信某事的原因或理由

你没有抱怨的理由。You have no grounds for complaining.

你根据什么提出那项控告？On what grounds do you make that accusation?

2. v. (on) base beliefs, etc on sth. 将信仰建立于某事物的基础上

以事实为根据来立论ground one’s arguments on facts

基础坚实的理论 a well-grounded theory

4. pursue (L. 19) vt.

1) (continue to) be occupied or busy with (sth.); go on with （继续）从事或忙于（某事物）；进行

她决定在获得学士学位之后继续深造。

She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her bachelor degree.

2) follow (sb./sth.), esp. in order to catch or kill; chase 追赶，追逐（某人/某物）；（尤指）追

捕，追杀；追寻；追求

警察在高速公路上追赶被盗的车辆。

The police pursued the stolen vehicle along the motorway.

5. take (no/great) pleasure in (doing) sth. (L. 23)

enjoy/not enjoy (doing) sth. 以/不以（做）某事为乐；喜欢/不喜欢（做）某事

她似乎对我们的痛苦幸灾乐祸。She seemed to take pleasure in our suffering.

他们特别喜欢旅行并摄下沿途各种各样的桥梁。

They take great pleasure in traveling and taking pictures of various bridges on their way.

6. (in) so far as/(that) (L. 24) to the extent that 到……程度

就你不会制造麻烦而言, 你来此是受欢迎的。

You are welcome here in so far as you don’t cause problems.

只要你是学生, 便可免费使用该图书馆。

In so far as you are a student, you are free to use the library.

7. regulate vt. (L. 27)

1) control or direct (sth.) lawful or correct 使（某事物）合法化或合乎规律

约束行为/ 限制消费/ 节制生活方式/ 管理交通

regulate one’s conduct / expenditure / lifestyle / the traffic

2) adjust (an apparatus, a mechanism, etc) so that it functions as desired; control (speed, pressure,

etc) in this way 调校，校准（仪器，机械等）；控制（速度，压力等）

自然光有助于调校你的生物钟，所以你要多做户外运动。

Natural light helps to regulate your biological clock, so exercise outdoors if you can.

8. as to/regards sth. (L. 48) with regard to sth.; regarding sth. 至于某事物；提到某事物

谈到批改我们的作业，老师总是让我们自己决定。

As to correcting our homework, the teacher always makes us do it ourselves.

至于应该穿什么衣服，并没有硬性规定。

There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear.

9. conviction n. (L. 50)

1) [U, C]～(for sth.) (instance) (of a jury or judge) declaring in a lawcourt that sb. is guilty (of a

crime) 定罪，定刑

她有六次因盗窃而被判刑。She has six convictions for theft.

2. [U, C] (～that…) firm opinion or belief 坚定的看法或信仰

我深信自满情绪是我们各种问题的根源。

It’s conviction that complacency is at the root of our troubles.

你是否一贯地本着你的信念行事？

Do you always act in accordance with your convictions?

派生词：convict v. ～sb. (of sth.) (指陪审团或法官) 宣判某人有(…) 罪

10. possess vt. (L. 54)

1) have (sth.) as one’s belongings or as a quality 持有(某事物)；具有(某品质)

他决定放弃他所有的一切，出家为僧。

He decided to give away everything he possessed and become a monk.

他有做好这项工作必备的耐性和应变能力吗？

Does he possess the necessary patience and tact to do the job well?

2) control or dominate (a person’s mind) 控制，支配(人的思想)

是什么驱使你做出那种事的？What possessed you to do that?

她好像着了魔似的。She seemed to be possessed (by the devil).

派生词：possession n.领有，持有；所有物，财产

习语：like one possessed 猛烈地，拼命地(如同发疯或有妖魔附体一般)

11. preserve vt. (L. 56)

1) keep (sth.) in an unchanged or perfect condition 保护，维护

一个保养得很好的八十老翁 a very well-preserved man of eighty

维护和平的努力已经失败了。Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.

2) avoid losing (sth.); retain 使(某事物)不受损失；保持

她不管遇到什么情况都竭力保持着幽默感。

She managed despite everything to preserve her sense of humor.

做那样的工作很难保持自尊。It’s difficult to preserve one’s self-respect in that job.

3) keep (food) from decay (by bottling, drying, freezing, etc.) (用装瓶装罐，干燥，冷冻等法)保存(食物)

盐和调味品有助于保藏肉类。Salt and spices help to preserve meat.

夏天收获的大量水果可冷藏或装瓶装罐加以保存。

In the summer, large crops of fruit may be preserved by freezing or bottling.

12. commitment n. (L. 61)

1) [C] (～to sth./to do sth.) thing one has promised to do; pledge; undertaking 承诺，保证；承担

我目前操劳过度——应承的事情太多了。

I’m overworked at the moment ―I’ve taken too many commitments.

2) [U] state of being dedicated or devoted (to sth.) 致力，献身(于某事物)

我们在寻求对此工作真正能尽职尽责的人。

We’re looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.

同源词：

conmit vt. 使某人/自己不能不做某事或不做另事(尤指因有承诺)；犯（错误或非法之事）

II. Key Words and Useful Expressions (Text B)

1. watchful a. (L. 3) 警惕的，注意的，警戒的

他们是在他们父亲的监视下参加舞会的。

They attended dances under the watchful eye of their father.

警察密切地注意着那个人的一举一动。

The police kept a watchful eye on every move of the man.

2. cast an eye/one’s eye(s) over sb./sth. (L.3) 很快地看或查某人/某事物

你看一下这些计算数字，检查是否正确，好吗？

Would you cast your eye over these calculations to check that they are correct?

3. tear sth. down (L.16-17) 弄倒某物；拆除某物

他们正在拆除这些旧房子以便建一座新办公楼。

They’re tearing down these old houses to build a new office block.

4. keen a. (L. 20)热心的，喜欢的；（感觉）灵敏的，敏锐的

我不太喜欢爵士乐。I’m not too keen on jazz.

我的视力敏锐。I have keen eyesight.

5. figure v. (L.32) 出现或被提及（尤指引人注目的）；想，估计

这是在她多部小说中出现的一个人物

This is a character that figures in many of her novels.

我料想你不会来。I figure (that) you wouldn’t come.

6. keep/lose track of sb./sth. (L. 38) 与某人/某事保持/失去联系

我说不准现在的确切时间I lost track of time.

与中学时的所有老校友都保持联系是很困难的。

It’s hard to keep track of all one’s old school friends.

7. (as) sure as fate/ as eggs is eggs/as I’m standing here (L. 72)

的的确确；千真万确

他确实是死了。He is dead, as sure as eggs is eggs.

8. gaze (L. 89) 久久地凝视，注视(通常指因惊讶或赞赏)

我告诉她这消息时，她以怀疑的目光注视着我。

She gazed at me in disbelief when I told her the news.

他只是坐着呆呆地望着窗外。He just sat gazing through the window.

III. Key to the Exercise (p20—27)

Enhance Your Language Awareness

WORDS IN ACTION

Working with Words and Expressions

1. 1) bound 2) appropriate 3) possessing 4) permanent 5) appointed

6) parted 7) had corresponded 8) gazed 9) notion 10) keen

11) preserve 12) grasped 13) figured 14) grounded 15) sensible

16) attribute 17) united 18) pursue 19) commitments 20) regulating

2. 1) distinguish between 2) checked up on 3) torn down 4) make a fortune 5) all of a sudden 6) lost track of 7) Casting an eye over 8) broke up

9) take pleasure in 10) described as 11) turned up 12) in so far as

13) is under arrest 14) pass on 15) as to

Increaing Your Word Power

1. 3) approval 4) betrayal 5) burial 6) dismissed 7) disposal

8) proposal 9) refusal 10) removal 11) survival 12) withdrawal

2. 1) refusal 2) arrivals 3) removal 4) dismissal 5) survival

6) proposal 7) disposal 8) approval

3. 1) e 2) c 3) b 4) a 5) d

GRAMMAR REVIEW

1. 1) whichever tent you are not using now

2) whoever comes / come first

3) whichever / whatever condition our captain thought was the best

4) Wherever / No matter where I go

5) whatever wishes their child / children expresses / express

6) However disappointed / No matter how disappointed you may feel about the surroundings /

environment / situation

7) Whoever breaks it

8) whenever he concentrates on a problem

2. 1) It is not luck but hard work that led him to today’s success.

2) Prof. Moen argues that it is energy that makes the world go round.

3) It was not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family’s trust.

4) It was clearly the headmaster himself who / that opened the door for me.

5) NONE

CLOZE

1) classical 2) notion 3) utility 4) ground 5) occurs 6) goodness

7) as to 8) possesses 9) preserve 10) bound 11) mirror

12) virtuous 13) commitment 14) moral excellence

TRANSLATION

1. 1）以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的。（ground; break up）

The friendship grounded on common / shared interest does not break up easily. / It is not easy for the friendship grounded on common / shared interest to break up.

2）孩子们必须学会将电脑游戏中的暴力与勇敢区分开来。（dustinguish between; violence）Children must learn to distinguish between violence and bravery / courage in computer games. 3）当今世界每天涌现如此多新鲜事物，要求一个人什么都知晓是不合情理的。（sensible）There spring up so many new things every day in the world that it is no longer sensible to

expect a person to know / keep track of everything.

4）诸如背弃朋友（betrayal to friends）这类事并不受法律制约，所以才有了我们称作的“道德法庭”。（regulate）

Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends; that is why there is what we called “the court of morality”.

5）有人把今天的文化描述为“快餐文化”。无论做什么事，人们只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足。（describe as; pursue）

Today’s culture is described as “fast-food culture”. Whatever they may be / are doing, people just pursue the greates / maximum satisfaction within the shortest time.

6）常言说，天下没有免费的午餐。如果你想要什么，就得去挣。（as the saying goes）

As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and earn / work for it.

2. Translation from Chinese into English

As is commonly acknowledged / It is commonly recognized that humans are social animals. Bonded together in a community, we naturally expect to have friends. As to what friendship is, people have different notions / ideas. Some make friends for mutual utility. Once the ground for such friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up. However, a lot more people long for “soul pals”—those who possess virtues and with whom we can go through trials and tribulations together. Such friendships keep us away from greed and violence and encourage us to have the courage of our convictions. Such is what we call “true and perfect friendship”.

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2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b

(5) b (6) d

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