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新课标大学英语阅读教程3 unit5到8翻译

新课标大学英语阅读教程3 unit5到8翻译
新课标大学英语阅读教程3 unit5到8翻译

新课标大学英语阅读教程3u n i t5到8翻译

Unit 5 My Journey to the Top

1 女人对权力和成为领导人所必须具备的品质仍旧心存芥蒂。人们内心有一种恐惧,认为如果我们真的很强大,那我们就会被视作冷酷无情,急于求成或是咄咄逼人——所有这些词语矛头都直指我们女性。我们仍在努力克服权利与女人味互相排斥的恐惧。

2 就我本人而言,我认为这种担心可能给我带来的麻烦较小,因为我非常幸运,我初次尝到做领导者滋味的时候,是个懵懂无知的局外人。那是读大学期间,我当上了剑桥大学俱乐部辩论社团的会长。我在希腊长大,从没听说过什么剑桥大学俱乐部,牛津大学俱乐部,更不了解它们在英国文化中的地位。所以我没有被种种令人不知所措的观念拖累,这些观念也许会阻止英国姑娘考虑担任此职。

3 同样的情况发生在我的第一本书《温柔女人》出版的时候。那时我 23岁,这本书的出版商蓝登书屋让我从伦敦飞到纽约,然后把我的日程安排交给我。我接受的第一个采访是在著名主持人巴巴拉·沃特斯女士的《今日美国》栏目。我当时并不紧张,因为我根本不知道她有多大名气,也从没听说过《今日美国》这个栏目。如果我上的是我的家人和同学都能看到的雅典当地的电视节目,我会紧张得多。

4 就这样,我在家乡以外的地方开始了自己的事业,这是一件庆幸之事。不过,麻烦也有,我的口音招来嘲弄,我被贬低为说话古怪好笑的人。但这也让我明白,克服他人的评价比克服我们对自己的评价、克服我们内心的恐惧要容易一些。

5 从某种角度来看,我似乎做过不少行当,不过其核心一直是思想交流,不管是以前通过我的著作、专栏还是现在通过《哈芬顿邮报》这家网络报纸。我个人事业发展的很大部分来自于我顺应了这个时代的特点,顺应了世界的变化。所以当我刚爱上网络时,我意识到了它的力量。它让原本也许被封锁在外面的人都有可能参与全国范围的谈话。很多次,当我邀请女性朋友为《哈芬顿邮报》写博客时,她们不敢相信自己的观点很有价值,即使是知名的女作家也不例外,这让我感触很深。

6 我想,如果没有母亲,我不可能做成我做过的一切。母亲让我有一种感觉,那就是:我可以设定远大目标,同时我知道如果目标没有实现,她还会一如既往地爱我。现在我希望能给我的女儿们这样的感觉。母亲让我明白了任何人都会经历失败,所以我经常想,我们女性不去尝试是因为我们不想冒失败的风险。我们如此看重别人的认可,以至于我们不愿冒险。

7 母亲给了我安全的港湾,让我觉得不管发生什么事,不管成功与否,她都会在我身边。当我在杂志

上看到剑桥大学的照片,我说我想上那所学校,我认识的所有其他人,包括我父亲,都告诉我这种想法很荒谬。但是母亲却发现我可以申请奖学金,她竟然还买到了便宜的机票,这样我们就能去英国,亲自看一眼剑桥大学了。这是我们现在称之为“想象”的绝好的例子。想象一下你现在要去剑桥啦!我们飞了很长时间才到伦敦,而且在剑桥大学时一直下着雨。我们没有见到校方的任何领导,也没有刻意参观学校的任何地方。我们只是在校园里走走,想象着我在这里就读。三年后,我被剑桥大学录取并获得了奖学金。

8 我最大的愿望是希望女儿们能发现自己喜欢做的事,不管是什么,可以是烹饪、政治、艺术或任何其他事情。我的大女儿刚刚结束在参议员哈里·里德那里的实习。去年暑假,她在《名利场》杂志实习。看到点燃自己激情的事情也让女儿同样着迷,我不得不承认这着实让人激动。但同时更重要的是,让孩子们知道她们可以自由地去做让她们激动而对我却平淡无味的事。我会分享那份激动的。

9 妇女现在正处于社会发展的新时期。70年代初期,在很多领域,如果女性没有从事一份大事业,人们就会认为她没本事。谢天谢地,现在的情况已经发展为我们尊重女性自己做出的更广泛选择。

10 亚历山大·索尔仁尼琴曾说过:“如果你想改变世界,从谁开始呢?是自己还是别人?”我坚信如果我们从自身开始,做我们需要做的事,尽我们所能成为优秀的人,我们就有可能

让这个世界变得更加美好。

Unit 6 How They Chose These Words

1 1776年在大陆会议准备为美国独立问题进行投票之际,它委派了一个委员会来完成一项任务:起草用于解释这项决定的宣言。事后证明这是一项非常重要的任务,但在当时看上去似乎没有那么重要。委员会成员有富兰克林(这是一定的),托马斯.杰弗逊,约翰·亚当斯,康涅狄格州商人罗杰·谢尔曼和纽约律师罗伯特·利文斯通。

2 为什么年仅33岁的杰弗逊能荣幸地成为这个文件的起草者呢?他的名字被列在委员会名单的首位,意味着他是委员会的主席。这是因为他得到的选票最多,而且因为他来自弗吉尼亚州,正是弗吉尼亚州提议起草这份决议。他的另外四位同事从事委员会中其他任务,他们这些任务比起草《独立宣言》重要的多,但是没有人认识

到,它最终会变成一份圣经似的重要文件。至于富兰克林,当委员会成员第一次碰头时,他还因为疖子和痛风而不得不卧床休养。而且后来他告诉杰弗逊,“我定了个规矩,尽可能避免担任任何会被某公众团体审阅的文件的起草人。”

3 因此,杰弗逊荣幸地成为这个文件的主要撰写者,在他自己设计的小桌子上创作出了历史上一些最著名的句子。当时他的办公地点就在费城市场街上一栋房子的二楼房间里,距离富兰克林住的房子只有一个街区。“在人类历史进程中”这是他著名的开篇。引人注目的是,紧接着的不是对英国政府而是对英国国王的抨击,正如历史学家 Pauline所说“对国王的抨击是章程的一种形式,英国人也是以这样的方式宣布革命的。”

4 杰弗逊起草的这份文件在某些方面与富兰克林起草的有相似之处(如果富兰克林有机会起草的话)。文件包含了对英国政府言之凿凿的控诉,并且像富兰克林通常所做的那样,阐述细述了在英国拒不妥协的情况下美利坚依然争取和解的愿望。而且,杰弗逊的文字重复了同年早些时候富兰克林在一个从未发表的决议案草稿中的说过的一些话:“如果国王未尽其应尽之职,保护臣民的生命与财产, 反而肆意毁坏他们的生命或财产,那么这样的国王就不再是国王,而是暴君,臣民将不再效忠于他。”

5 杰斐逊的文笔风格是与富兰克林大不相同的。其风格优美,节奏抑扬顿挫,措辞流畅,诗意盎然,华丽却充满力量。另外,杰斐逊利用了深度的哲学,这是在富兰克林写作风格中是不会出现的。他引用了英格兰和苏格兰启蒙运动思想家的语言和宏大的理论,其中最值得注意的是约翰·洛克提出的自然权利概念,杰弗逊把洛克的《政府论(下篇)》至少读了三遍。他将自己的论证建立在一种尊重人民意愿的,由政府和被统治者共同达成的协议之上,这种论证的方式可能比富兰克林更老练。我们同样应该注意到杰斐逊也借用了其他人的措辞(没有加注),其中包括由他的同伴乔治马森(种植园主)刚刚起草的新弗吉尼亚宪法中令人瞩目的权利宣言的部分。这种做法今天可能会被疑为剽窃,但在当时却不仅被看成适当的,而且是博学的表现。

6 当他完成了草稿并让亚当斯做了一些修改之后,杰斐逊将其在6月21号星期五的早晨递交给了富兰克林.他在封面所附的便条上写道:“烦请富兰克林博士审阅,并根据其对此主题更宽广的视野进行斧正。”那个时候人们对编者比现在要有礼貌得多。

7 富兰克林只是稍作修改,富兰克林写在自己的手上的一些修改意见可被杰弗逊称为《独立宣言》的草稿。(这个非凡的文件现在存放在国会图书馆,在其网站上也有显示。)他作出的最重要的修改虽然细微但却令人瞩目,他划去了杰斐逊句子中最后三个词“我们将这

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