商务英语信函的写作原则与技巧
河南科技学院新科学院
2011级翻译期末论文
The writing principles and techniques of Business
English letters
商务英语信函的写作原则与技巧
学生姓名：李卫芳
所在系别：____外国语言文学系
所在班级：英语 116
学号： 2011080601
完成时间： 2014年6月
Contents Acknowledgments... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (i)
Abstract ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (1)
摘要... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. (2)
I. Introduction... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... . (3)
II. Basic parts of a Business English letter...... ... ... .... ... ... ... ...... (3)
2.1Letterhead ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... .. (3)
2.2 Date... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (4)
2.3 Inside address... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... (4)
2.4 Salutation... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . (5)
2.5 Body... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... (5)
2.6 Complimentary close ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (6)
2.7 Signature ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ....6. III. The writing principles of Business English letters... ... ... ... ......... (6)
3.1 Conciseness ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (6)
3.2 Clarity ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (7)
3.3 Completeness ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... .. (8)
3.4 Concreteness ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... (8)
3.5 Courtesy... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (9)
3.6 Correctness... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (9)
3.7 Consideration ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... (10)
IV. The writing techniques of Business English letters...... ... ...... (11)
4.1 Simple words best... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (11)
4.2 Adopt the right tone ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (11)
4.3 Note the use of jargon ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (12)
4.4 Use active voice rather than passive voice... ... ... ... ... ... . (12)
4.5 Vary sentence length... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (12)
4.6 Have suitable paragraphs length... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (13)
4.7 Pay attention to first and last impressions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (13)
4.8 Check your letters... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (13)
V. Conclusion... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. (14)
Bibliography... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... . (15)
Acknowledgments
The completion of this paper is definitely not the work of my own, but the collected effort and help of many other people. It is far from enough to just thank them here, but I will regret for all my life if I don’t.
First of all, my sincere and utmost gratitude goes to my translation teacher. Although I am very interested in Business English, it is so abstract that at first I failed to find it easy to write this essay, let alone the mastery of this subject. My gratitude also goes to all the teachers in the English Department, who have taught me in each different subject in English.
Moreover, I want to thank my roommates for their persistent encouragement and deep trust in me. What they have done builds up my confidence and clears up my confusion, and I benefit quite a lot from their support.
Last but not least, my deepest thankfulness goes to my parents for their love and education. Without their devotion, I can not enjoy my study in the university and receive so many people’s help in thesis writing and all other things.
Abstract
With the development of the globe economic and the continuous enlargement of our foreign trade, business English letters become increasingly important in the international trade. Business English letters are the major means of written communication between two parties in the international trade, and their writing is very important to the business of the enterprise. Fortunately, some writing principles and techniques can be used. In order to make the business letters accurate, verbal fluency, easier communication and understanding for the trading parties, we should follow certain writing principles and use some writing techniques.
Key words: Business English letters; writing principles; writing techniques
摘要
随着全球经济的发展及我国对外贸易的不断扩大，商务英语信函在国际贸易中的地位也越发重要。商务英语信函是国际贸易双方进行书面商务信息沟通的重要手段,其撰写的成功与否对企业的业务有着极其重要的影响。商务英语信函的写作是有规律可循的,即应遵循一定的写作原则和采用一些写作技巧,以使商务信函表意准确,语言流畅,更易于贸易双方的沟通与理解。
关键词：商务英语信函；写作原则；写作技巧
I. Introduction
No one in this world can live without communication. Communication is what we human beings are born with. Of all forms of written communication, letters are the most common, the most numerous, and the most personal. Correspondence is one of the chief means of keeping oneself in touch with those separated by distance. Despite the availability of modern means of quick and convenient ways of communication, letters are as important as they were centuries ago. With the growth of commerce and industry, the usefulness of BC has also increased. When you enter a profession, you will have to write dozens of letters every day as part of your routine work. Many of these will be written to persons you have never met and perhaps you can never hope to meet. You will be writing letters to other firms and companies, customers, suppliers, associate organizations, government officers, employees, etc. Such letters are business correspondence. There are 4 chapters in total in this paper. Firstly, business letters have 7 standard parts. They are: letterhead, date, inside address, salutation, body, complimentary close, and signature. Secondly, this paper introduces The writing principles of Business English letters. We should be skilled in using some writing skills except certain writing principles in Chapter 3.The last chapter is a conclusion arrived at based on the previous research.
II. Basic parts of a Business English letter
Most business letters have 7 standard parts. They are: letterhead, date, inside address, salutation, body, complimentary close, and signature. We appropriate, any of the following optional parts can be included: attention, subject, enclosure, postscript.
2.1 Letterhead
The letterhead expresses a firm’s personality and is generally printed on the firm’s stationery. It helps to form the impression of the writer’s firm. Styles vary considerably, but they all give similar information, usually containing all or some of the following elements: the company’s name and address, postcode, telephone number, fax number, e-mail address, even web address. They may be positioned in the center, or at the left margin for the block style, or flush at the right margin for the style.
2.2Date
Business letters should have the correct date typed under the letterhead. The date should be typed or written in full, not in abbreviated form since the date records when the letter is written and may serve as an important reference. It is usual to show the date in the order of date /month/ year/ (British practice), or month / day / year. (American practice).
Regarding the date line, pat attention to the following points:
A. Year should be typed in full. Avoid abbreviation. For example, 2003 cannot be replaced by 03.
B. Month is preferably spelled out in letters, to avoid confusion. For example, 12/11 can be November 12 or December 11.
C. Day either cardinal number or ordinal numbers can be used. So the recommended forms for the date are as followings: October 25, 2011 or 25 October, 2011.
2.3Inside address
The inside address consists of the name and the complete address of the receiver. We include the address in the letter although it already appears on the envelope because the envelope is usually thrown away. Then the letter itself, which is to be kept on file, can indicate for whom the massage was intended. It is usually placed two spaces below the date line, aligned with the left margin.
If the letter is address to a group, the inside address includes only the address and the group name. If it is to a person, use either a courtesy title or a professional title. Care should be taken to address the recipient as exactly as it appears on the envelope of the letter.
2.4Salutation
Salutation is the complimentary greeting with which every letter begins. Salutation can be followed by a comma or a colon. Colon is formal in American business letters, comma in British. Be sure to salute to the correct addressee appearing in your inside address or in the attention line.
The customary formal greeting in a business letter is “Dear Sir(s), Dear Madam (s), Dear M s” or an offic i al title like “President or Doctor”. If the receiver is known to the writer personally, a less formal an d warmer greeting is used: “Dear Mr White, Dear Ms John”.
2.5Body
Body is the most important part of a letter since it contains the actual message. The body of the letter deserves special attention no matter how brief it may be. It is advisable to bear the following principles of “7C’s” in mind when writing this core part. Then careful planning and logical arrangement are needed for the paragraphs. A typical 3-paragraph letter would like the following:
The opening paragraph introduces the letter. Keep the first sentence short and easy to understand and keep the opening paragraph short, probably no more than two or three lines. A short opening paragraph is easier to read, and it does not intimidate the reader.
The middle paragraph supports the first paragraph and provides more information. Here, try to bring in your involvement or what service or information you can offer.
The closing paragraph is the summary of the letter; it stresses the action that you
want to the reader to take; it states exactly what you want the reader to do, and it leaves the impression of the courtesy. Like any goodbye, jog the reader’s memory if there is something that you want the reader to do, but keep the closing short and friendly.
2.6Complimentary close
The complimentary close is simply a polite way to end a letter. The expression for the complimentary close should match the salutation. It appears in the middle of the page and two lines below the closing sentence for indented layout while it starts at the left- hand margin for fully blocked letters. Only the initial letter in the first word of any complimentary close is capitalized.
2.7Signature
The signature is the signed name or seal of the writer. It is generally put two lines below the complimentary close. It should be signed by hand and in ink. Under the handwritten signature, the signer’s name and his or her position are usually followed.
III. The writing principles of Business English letters
Business English letters play an important role in the development of goodwill and friendly trade relationship. They should be friendly and courteous, easy to read and easy to understand. In writing a business letter, there are certain principles for you to follow. Called “7C’s”, they are: conciseness, clarity, completeness, concre teness, courtesy, correctness and consideration.
3.1 Conciseness
Conciseness means to write the fewest possible words without sacrificing completeness and courtesy. A concise business English letter saves time and expense for both sender and receiver. Conciseness contributes to emphasis. By eliminating unnecessary words, you help make important ideas stand out. To achieve conciseness, try to observe the following suggestions：
3.1.1 Shorten or Omit Words or Expressions
As few words as possible should be used to give complete and clear meanings. The expression of the long-winded plays no role in the sentence. For example, “at the present time”, we can use "now" to express the same meaning .As is clearly the latter better reflect the principle of conciseness.
3.1.2 Avoid Unnecessary Repetition
Sometimes repetition is necessary for emphasis. But if the same thing is said several times without reason, the Business English letter becomes boring. For example , “Will you ship us any time during the month of Dece mber，or even November if you are rushed，for November would suit us just as well.”In this sentence, what the writer want to express is the reader can ship by the end of November shipment, so we put the sentences into" Please ship us by the end of November", that will be able to clearly express the writer 's intention, and not have to constantly repeat.
3.2 Clarity
Clarity means your purpose and the words are clear to your readers so that the reader will not misunderstand what you are trying to convey. Clarity is the most important principle of English Business Letter Writing.
A business letter is effective only when it communicates the necessary ideas to its readers with clarity. Be certain about what you wish to say, express it in plain, simple words, and present it in well-constructed sentences and paragraphs, if necessary, in tables or graphs. Avoid ambiguity and expressions that are liable to
misunderstand. Accurate, straight-forward, and simple English is preferred in business letters.
3.3 Completeness
Completeness means your message contains all facts that the receiver needs for the reaction you desire, so Business English letters are complete when they contain all the necessary information. The letters were sent before audit expression information integrity is the most basic requirement. Keeping the following guidelines in mind will help you achieve completeness:
3.3.1 Make all point detailed
Evidence must be precisely stated .The significance of the facts in relation to the problem must be shown. The treatment of each section of the article must be complete or the reader may misunderstand that particular sections. The analysis is a basis for the conclusions, and the conclusions are a basis for the recommendations.
3.3.2 Answer all questions asked
If you need to reply to an inquiry containing one or more questions, answer all questions clearly stated and implied. If you have no information on a particular question, you must say so clearly, instead of omitting an answer. If you have unfavorable information in answer one or more questions, handle our reply tactfully.
3.4 Concreteness
Concreteness means being specific, definite, and vivid rather than vague and general. Concreteness is always stressed, especially for business letters calling for a specific reply, such as trade terms, shipment, packaging, specifications and characters of goods, figures and dates.
The following guidelines can help us write concretely:
·Use specific facts and figures,
·Put action in verbs,
·Prefer active voice to passive voice,
·Choose vivid, image-building words,
·Pay attention to word order,
·Putting modifiers in right place.
For example,
Poor: Please send your proposal to us as soon as possible.
Better: Please send your proposal to us before October 10.
3.5 Courtesy
C ourtesy is not merely politeness with mechanical insertions of “please” and “thank you”. Rather, true courtesy needs to use tactful tone and respectful expression to show the honest attitude, and sincere politeness.
Answer letters promptly, for punctuality will please your recipient who hates waiting for days for a reply.
Adopt the right tone in the writing. Before you begin to write, think carefully about the way in which you want to influence your customer, and then express yourself accordingly, being persuasive, firm, or apologetic.
Avoid courtesy blunders in your letters. Discrepancy often occurs in business, but it should be handled and settled with diplomacy and tact without ill with on either side. Never show your anger in a business letter. Avoid suspicion, accusation and talking down. Never use irritating, offensive and belittling statements. For example, Poor: We are sorry you have misunderstood us.
Better: We are sorry we did not make ourselves understood clearly.
3.6 Correctness
The term correctness, in addition to proper grammar, punctuation and spelling, also means appropriate tone and accuracy of information.
Using the right level of language can help convey the real message without causing offence even if it is a letter of complaint or an answer to such a letter. For example, “I’ll, we’re” seems too colloquial and no formal, we should change it as “I will, we are” in business letters.
Accurate information is of primary concern to business writers since business letters involve the rights, the duties, and the interest of both parties. Accurate figures and exact terms are particularly important as they are the basis of all kind of business documents. Therefore, we should neither overstate nor understate, because overstatement might throw you in an awkward position while understatement would lead to less confidence and hold up trade development.
3.7 Consideration
The interrelationship between the sender and the receiver profoundly affects communicative effectiveness. Consideration means the writer prepares the writing with the reader in mind and tries to put yourself in his or her place. To indicate you are considerate, you can use the followings:
3.7.1 Focus on “You” Instead of “I” and “We”
Your readers are usually more concerned about themselves than about you. They are more interested in your writing when they see the pronoun “you” rather than “I, we”.Try to give the consideration to the receivers’wishes, demands, interest and difficulties by adopting their viewpoint. For example,
Poor: I am happy to tell you …
Better: You will be happy to know…
3.7.2 Use “Positive sentence” instead of “Negative sentence”
Usually, negation tends to sound critical of the reader and disappointed on the part of the writer, while positivism sounds encouraging to both parties. It would serve the function of effective communication if we sometimes turn negative messages into positive ones. Compare the following:
Poor: We hope you won’t be dissatisfied with the new range of our electric products.
Better: We are sure you will be satisfied with the new range of our electric products.
IV. The writing techniques of Business English letters
Business letters are letters written between one firm and another to convey and exchange information, news, ideas or opinions. But a business letter is effective only if it reflects in the mind of the receiver a true image of the thought conveyed by the writer. We should be skilled in using some writing skills except certain writing principles. The following guidelines will help us write effectively:
4.1 Simple words best
More simple and common words, less lengthy and uncommon words, in order to reduce misunderstandings. And the readers can quickly understand the meaning what you want to express. For example, “never” instead of “under the no circumstances”, “as you requested” instead of “as per your requested”, “expedite” “speed up” instead.
4.2 Adopt the right tone
If a business letter is t achieve its purpose, its tone must be right. Before beginning to write think carefully about the way in which you want to influence your reader. Ask yourself, “What do I want this letter to do?”and then express yourself accordingly, being persuasive, apologetic, obliging, firm and so on, depending on the effect you want to produce. As we all know, people would like to hear that something could be done and what they could get.
4.3 Note the use of jargon
The frequent use of the jargon and acronyms is a major feature of the English Business Letter Writing. In order to avoid resulting in serious losses, we should be skilled in using the terms. There are many Business English terminologies. For example, insurance policy, premium, letter of credit or L / C, CIF, FOB, container, bill of lading.
4.4 Use active voice rather than passive voice
Generally, active voice produces a more concise and powerful sentence than passive voice. An active construction immediately identifies the sentence’s subject so readers can quickly understand and visualize who is doing what. Because of this clarity, the active voice is almost the best choice in composing documents that are intended primarily to exchange information, such as foreign trade letters and memos.
In business writing, the passive sentence is usually used to state something unpleasant or something that has been done improperly by the reader to make the writing more objective and courteous. For example,
Poor: Your letter of June 12 was received by us today.
Better: We received your letter of June 12 today.
4.5 Vary sentence length
Short sentences lead to clear meaning and easy understanding, but overlong sentences may obscure the intention with too much information and being confusing. However, a series of short sentences may seem boring. It works better to vary.
The average sentence length is about 15-18 words. This is the best length the reader to understand quickly the meaning. Therefore, we had better use long sentences
and short sentences interchangeably so that we can give a deep impression on the readers.
4.6 Have suitable paragraphs length
The opening paragraph and the concluding paragraph length should not exceed 3-4 lines. If an opening paragraph is too long, it can make the readers feel tired and do not want to take the time to read on. A concluding paragraph should be also concise, clearly and completely expresses what you mean.
In addition, the body paragraph should be no more than eight lines. In business writing, it is suitable for paragraphs to contain 7-8 lines. If a paragraph is too long, it may make the main idea unclear and lead to a loose structure. If a paragraph is too short, your reader may be impressed that your topic is not adequately supported.
4.7 Pay attention to first and last impressions
The letters you send out must create good first and last impressions. To achieve this, “put yourself in your reader’s shoes”and try to image how he will feel about what you write.
Avoid old-fashioned phrases, such as “We are in receipt of your letter…”“We have for acknowledgement your letter…”Although they are grammatically correct, they tend to be dull.
Avoid the kind of ending introduced by a participle. Thanking you in anticipation and similar endings are no longer used in modern letter-writing. They mean nothing and serve no useful purpose.
4.8 Check your letters
Be careful to create a good impression with each of your letters. Before signing, check it for the accuracy of its contents and test its general suitability against such questions as these. For example,
a.Is it correctly spelt and properly punctuated?
b.Does it cover all essential points and information?
c.Does it sound natural and sincere?
d.Dose it adopt the reader’s point of view and will be readily
understood?
e.Is its general tone right and is it likely to create the impression
intended?
If the answer to the all questions is yes then the letter will take the first step in creating good will and you may safely sign and send it.
V.Conclusions
The name of this thesis is The Writing Principles and Techniques of Business English Letters. This thesis has practice, comprehensiveness and some other features so that we can know more about The Writing Principles and Techniques of Business English Letters, and our letters will become more wonderful:
Business English letter is a necessary communication tool in international trade. It has its own particular writing principles and styles. The most effective business letter should be easy to read and easy to understand. So we not only need to be familiar with “7Cs”but also demand to learn well about some writing techniques. Only in this way, we do can write an effective and good business English letter.
Bibliography
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[2]Watson, Jane. Business Writing Basics [M]. Canada: International Self-counsel Press, 2004.
[3]R C Sharma Krishna Mohan. Business Correspondence and Report Writing [M]. New Delhi :
Tata McGraw-Hill, 2002.
[4]周桂英，张冬梅，李瑞. 商务英语信函的写作原则与技巧. 郑州轻工业学
院学报（社会科学报）， 2003（4）:3
[5]霍莉·罗迪克．如何写出完美的商务英语信函. 上海世界图书出版公司，2005:199-205
[6]常玉田. 英语商务信函写作. 对外经济贸易大学出版社， 2006:86-178
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商务英语信函写作toentertain_1
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除商务英语信函写作toentertain 篇一：商务英语信函写作精华 商务英语信函写作精华 20XX年07月23日星期日15:38 A.建立贸易关系 1.我们愿与贵公司建立商务关系。 1.wearewillingtoeatablishtraderelationswithyourcomp any. 2.我们希望与您建立业务往来。 2.pleaseallowustoexpressourhopeofopeninganaccountwi thyou. 3.我们很高兴地附上询价单第××号，请贵方报离岸价格。 3.wehavepleasureinenclosingourfile. 4.我们确认向贵方购买……，随函附上订单确认书供参
照。 4.weconfirmhavingpurchasedfromyou…。Aconfirmationorderisenclosedforyourreference. g.请求做代理商 1.我们深盼与英国公司接洽，希望成为其销售代理商之一。 1.weareanxioustocontactsomebritishfirmswithaviewtoa ctingastheirsellingangents. 2.如蒙考虑担任销售你们……代理商，我们将十分高兴。 2.weshouldbegladifyouwouldconsiderourapplicationtoa ctasagentsforthesaleofyour…。 h.请求报价 1.兹函请提供……的报价。 1.wearewritingtoinvitequotationsforthesupplyof… 2.请将定期供应……之报价赐知。 2.pleaseletushaveaquotationfortheregularsupplyfor… 3.请将下列货品的最低价格赐知。
商务信函的写作特点_写作指导
商务信函的写作特点_写作指导 商务信函的写作特点 商务信函的写作特点写作商务信函并不要求您使用华丽优美的词句。所有您需要做的就是，用简单朴实的语言，准确的表达自己的意思，让对方可以非常清楚的了解您想说什么。围绕这一点，我们总结了几方面的内容，希望对您写作商务信函有借鉴作用。口语化每一封信函的往来，都是您跟收信人彼此之间的一次交流。人都是感性的，所以您需要在您的信函里体现感性的一面。然而很多人都有一种误解，以为写作商务信函就应该用一种特殊的“生意腔”，于是把一封本来应该是热情而友好的信函写得呆板而死气沉沉。他们宁愿写“your letter has been received”，“your complaint is being looked into”而不是“i have received your letter”或者“we are looking into your complaint”。其实我们简单的来理解一下，每次信函的往来不就是跟对方进行了一次交谈吗？只不过是把交谈的内容写到了纸上而已。多用一些简单明了的语句，用我/我们做主语，这样才能让我们的信函读起来热情，友好，就象两个朋友之间的谈话那样简单，自然，人性化。想象一下，如果您由于无法准时交货而在电话上跟您的合作伙伴表示歉意时，您会怎么说？我想您会说“i am sorry we cannot deliver the goods today”。既然在电话中您会这样说，为什么在信件中要改成“it is regretted that goods cannot be delivered today”？放弃这种所谓的“生意腔”吧，让您的信也象谈话那样简单，自然，人性化。语气语调由于您写的信函都是有其目的性的，所以您信函里所采用的语气语调也应该符合您的目的。在写之前先不妨仔细考虑一下，您写这封信函是想达到一个什么样的目的，您希望对收信人产生一种怎样的影响呢？是歉意的，劝说性的，还是坚决的，要求性的。这完全可以通过信函中的语气语调来表现。真诚不管是生活中的交往还是生意上的合作，真诚是最重要也是最基础的，所以您的信函也必须能够充分体现您的真诚。不管说什么，都要带着您的诚意去说。把写好的信函拿起来读一遍，确保如果此时对方正在电话中与您通话，他一定能够感受到您的自然和真诚。直接跟您一样，您的合作伙伴们每天都要阅读大量信函文件。所以，信函一定要写得简明扼要，短小精悍，切中要点。如果是不符合主题或者对信函的目的不能产生利益的内容，请毫不留情的舍弃它们。因为这些内容不仅不能使交流通畅，反而会混淆视听，非但不能让读者感兴趣，反而会让他们恼火，产生反感。礼貌我们这里所说的礼貌，并不是简单用一些礼貌用语比如your kind inquiry, your esteemed order等就可以的。而是要体现一种为他人考虑，多体谅对方心情和处境的态度。如果本着这样的态度去跟别人交流，那么就算您这次拒绝了对方的要求，也不会因此失去这个朋友，不会影响今后合作的机会。特别要注意，当双方观点不能统一时，我们首先要理解并尊重对方的观点。如果对方的建议不合理或者对您的指责不公平时，请表现一下您的高姿态，您可以据理力争，说明您的观点，但注意要讲究礼节礼貌，避免用冒犯性的语言。还要提醒一点，中国人有句话叫做“过犹不及”。任何事情，一旦过了头，效果反而不好。礼貌过了头，可能会变成阿谀奉承，真诚过了头，也会变成天真幼稚。所以最关键的还是要把握好“度”，才能达到预期的效果。共2页，当前第1页12商务信函的写作特点相关内容:劳动合同一般写法 劳动合同一般写法性质：＿甲方：。乙方：＿名称：＿姓名：＿用工形式：＿鉴证编号：＿编号：＿甲方因生产、工作需要，经考核录用乙方为工人。遵照国家有关劳动法规和政策，经双方协商达成如下协议：一、甲方录用乙方从事，某某工作（岗位...
商务信函范文
商务信函范文 篇一：12种商务信函范文 第一种、介绍信Letters of Introduction 实例之一： Dear Mr. / Ms., This is to introduce Mr. Frank Jones, our new marketing specialist who will be in London from April 5 to mid April on business. We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr. Jones and will always be happy to reciprocate. Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐， 现向您推荐我们的市场专家弗兰克·琼斯先生。他将因公务在四月15日到四月中旬期间停留伦敦。 我们将非常感谢您向琼斯先生提供的任何帮助，并非常高兴施以回报。您诚挚的 实例之二： Dear Mr. / Ms, We are pleased to introduce Mr. Wang You, our import manager of Textiles Department. Mr. Wang is spending three weeks in your city to develop our business with chief manufactures and to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the coming season.
We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he may need. Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐， 我们非常高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的进口经理王有先生。王先生将在你市度过三周，他要与主要的生产厂家拓展商务并为下一季度采购装饰织品。 如能介绍他给可靠的生产厂家，向他提供所需的任何帮助或建议，我们将不胜感谢。 您诚挚的 第二种、约定Appointments 实例之一： Dear Mr./Ms, Mr. John Green, our General Manager, will be in Paris from June 2 to 7 and would like to come and see you, say, on June 3 at 2.00 p.m. about the opening of a sample room there.Please let us know if the time is convenient for you. If not, what time you would suggest. Yours faithfully, 尊敬的先生/小姐 我们的总经理约翰格林将于六月2日到7日在巴黎，有关在那开样品房的事宜，他会于六月3日下午2：00点拜访您。
英语商务信函格式范文
英语商务信函格式范文 篇一：英语商务信函范文 建立办事处Establishment of new branch Dear Mr. / Ms, Owing to the large increase in the volume of our trade with this country we have decided to open a branch here, with Mr. Wang Lo as manager. The new branch will open on 1st March and from that date all orders and inquiries should be sent to Mr. Wang Lo at the above address, instead of to our London office. We take this opportunity to express our thanks for your cooperation in the past. We hope the new arrangements will lead to even better results. Yours faithfully 歇业Discontinuation of business
Dear Mr/Ms, With the demolition of our premises at the above address under a redevelopment scheme, the part of our business carried on there will be discontinued after the end of October. On Monday, 1st October, we are holding a closing-out sale. Stock on hand will be cleared regardless of cost. There will be substantial reductions in all departments and in some cases, prices will be marked down by as much as one half. Stock to be cleared is uivaled in both variety and quality. As the sale is likely to be well attended, we hope you make a point of visiting the store as early as possible during the opening days. Yours faithfully 更改名称和地址Change of name and address Dear Mr. / Ms,
商务英语信函写作中常被忽略的问题 done
商务英文信函写作常被忽略的细节 热14Popeye2010-01-30 13:21 商务英文信函写作常被忽略的细节 有位资深商贸人士这样说：“一切贸易往来，从信函开始，到信函结束。”意思是，商务信函贯穿沟通始终。商务信函包括:询盘信、报盘信、邀请函、开发信、求职信、订货信、投诉信、道歉信等，还包括以上信函的确认信函和回复信函等诸多信息沟通载体。 “口才决定录用，文笔决定提升。”对于职场人士来说，写一手严谨规范、得体简洁、语言地道的商务信函是重要的职业素养和技能。下面笔者将根据商务英文信函写作中常被忽略的细节，从“格式”、“时态”“开头结尾”三个角度帮助读者查漏补缺。 格式 “没有规矩，难成方圆”。商务信函写作的从格式开始。一封信函给读信人留下第一印象不是信函的内容，很多时候形式比内容更重要，甚至包括信函的段落对齐、行间距和字体等细节。一封格式规范、书写严谨的商务信函会让带给寄信人日常信函所不能传达的重要感和尊重感，同时也是对收信人的尊重。 ●信头（Letter Head） 无论传递的方式是邮寄、传真还是电子邮件，正式的商务信函都是要有信头的。 信头不一定在信纸的上部，可能位于侧面或底部，主要作用是：一方面表明寄信人的机构名称、地址及电话和传真号码等联系方式(Contact Details)，另一方面由于信头往往会设计公司标识（Logo），从而展示企业或机构形象。没有信头的商务信函，就像没有来得及穿着正装参加正式会谈一样。 ●日期栏 (Date Line) 传真和电子邮件信函都有固定的日期格式，表明信函发出的日期，便于收信人将信函整理和回信。在邮寄的商务信函中，寄信人往往会忽略这一细节。日期栏应该在信函正文的上边，信头下边，可以左对齐，也可以右对齐。常见的日期栏格式有一下两种： 1.16 January 2009 2.January 16, 2009
商务英语邮件写作范文3篇
商务英语邮件写作范文3篇 商务英语邮件写作范文3篇 在国际商务业务中，一封得体的信函如同商务中得体的着装，从外可以看到内，规范、优美的书信语言能够有效增进客户。下面是我 为你带来的商务英语邮件写作范文，欢迎参阅。 商务英语邮件写作范文1 复函与报价 RepliesandQuotations 20xx-08-26 Maer S.A 24th November 20## Foshan Seethome Installations Ltd. 2 Xiue Street Foshan, Guangdong China Dear sirs, In repl to our letter of 21st Novermber, We have pleasure in enlosing a detailed ation for bathroom shoers. Besides those advertised in the Builers Joural , our illustrated atalogue also enolsed shos various tpes of bathroom fittings and the sizes available. Most tpes an be supplied from stok. 45-60 das should be alloed for deliver of those marked ith an asterisk.
Building ontrators in Hong Kong and Taian have found our equipment eas to install and attrative in apperane. Naturall all parts are replXXble. and our ation inludes pries of spare parts. We an allo a 2% disount on all orders of US$6,000 in value and overf, and a 3%on orders exeeding US$20,000. An orders ou plae ith us ill be proessed promptl. ours faithfull. Franeso Marani Sales Manager Enl.2 Via S.Lorenzo, 24a Castellon Spain Tel： 560001 Fax 560002 商务英语邮件写作范文2 询价Inquiries atha Business Mahines Import Export Corporation 201X Centur Boulevard Pudong, Shanghai 201X06, China Tel： 59000001 September 5, 20** Universal Softare, In. 2468 Oak Street San Franiso CA94105
商务英语信函写作的注意事项
商务英语信函写作的注意事项 在国际贸易竞争日益激烈的今天，为了通过发送商务信函达到有效交流，传达友好情感，增加商务合作机会的目的，商务信函必须在风格和语言上发生变化。现代商务信函的主要文体特征可以概括为以下五点: 内容的清晰性、表达的简洁性、词语的专业性、风格的正式性、措辞的礼貌性。因此我们要将商务信函本身的特点和英语的语言特点结合起来，分析和总结其翻译思路和技巧。 发送商务信函的目的在于建立商务往来关系，就某一细节进行商讨，努力达成共识，以便促进一项商务活动的开展。要达到这些目的，首先必须保证阅读者能够清楚了解写信人的意图，迂回或闪烁其辞的话语会让读信人产生不信任，甚至会怀疑对方的语言表达能力，对进一步开展商务活动很不利。模棱两可的话轻则阻碍读信人对信函意思的理解，重则会对发函方造成不必要的损失。例如: As to the steamers sailing from Hongkong to San Francisco，we have bimonthly direct services. 此处bimonthly 有歧义，可以是twice a month 或者once two month. 故读信人就迷惑了，可以改写为We have two direct sailings every month from Hongkong to San Francisco. 翻译要保留原文的清晰度相当重要。由于在较为正式的场合中，为了将一概念定义完整和清楚，英文常常用关联词将几个短句并在
一起形成一个长句，而中文无法照样只用一句话来翻译，即使这样译了也很难达到通顺和自然。这时，我们就采取将长句按特定的事情发展的顺序拆分成两个或两个以上的小句子的方式来翻译。必要时还要增加或省略一些词语，让整段文字结构更合理、内容更清楚。例如: The prices stated are based on current freight rates，any increase or decrease in freight rates at time of shipment is to be the benefit of the buyer，with the seller assuming the payment of all transportation charges to the point or place of delivery.例句中以一个介词with 来分界，译为“合同价格是以运费计算，装运时运费的增减均属买方。卖方则承担至交货地的全部运费”。在原文中with 分句是一个状语，翻 译时采用中国人平铺直叙的思维方式，用分述的方式把这个句子拆成两句，清楚地表达了原文的语言信息。 是不是一封书信只要包含了全部关键信息就可以成为一封好的书信了呢? 拟信人还应注意语言组织的条理性，或按事情发展的先后顺序，或按各要素的重要性排序编写。东扯一句，西扯一句的写法必定会影响文章的清晰度。 简洁就是用最精炼的语言来表达意思，在商务信函中言简意赅就是为了方便高效率沟通与工作。能用一个字表达的不用一个词组，能一个词组讲清的事就不用讲成一句话。商务信函不用因顾及礼貌
商务信函写作范文
研究生课外作业 课程名称商务英语 研究生姓名 班级MEM 苏州班 学号 任课老师职称副教授 所属学院管理学院 专业工程管理 作业题目商务写作（商务信函）
商务写作（商务信函） Practice: write a letter of complait according to the following ad and handwritten notes.
Dear Director: I am a student of C&S English Center. I am writing to complain about your poor service against your advertisement. In the first place, you promise to have Experienced and highly-qualified teachers, but in fact,the teacher is poor. In addition, you offer the personal placement for our year-long customers, but the test result is not accurate. In the third place, you will arrange the foreign teachers according to our time, but they did not arrive classroom on time. In the fourth place, the Mini-test every month should be extra charged. In the fifth place, English Movie + Culture Teaching become movie viewing only. In the sixth place, nearly 20 students were in my class which are much more than Maximum 10 students. The last one place, we will have a gift with good quality of note book, but finally, we find the quality is very pool. I appreciate it very much if you could improve your service, preferably according to your commitment for the services, and I would like to have this matter settled within two days. It will be nice for you to conduct investigation at your end and reply to us. Yours sincerely,
六大类英文商务书信范文
六大类英文商务书信范文 1、请求建立商业关系 Rogers Chemical Supply Co. 10E.22Street Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply. Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址，特此修函，祈能发展关系。多年来，本公司经营鞋类进口生意，现欲扩展业务范围。盼能惠赐商品目录和报价表。如价格公道，本公司必大额订购。烦请早日赐复。此致 2、回复对方建立商业关系的请求 Thank your for your letter of the 16th of this month. We shall be glad to enter into business relations with your company. In compliance with your request, we are sending you, under separate cover, our latest catalogue and price list covering our export range. Payment should be made by irrevocable and confirmed letter of credit. Should you wish to place an order, please telex or fax us. 本月16日收到有关商务关系的来函，不胜欣喜。谨遵要求另函奉上最新之出口商品目录和报价单。款项烦请以不可撤销保兑之信用状支付。如欲订货，请电传或传真为盼。此致敬礼 3、请求担任独家代理 We would like to inform you that we act on a sole agency basis fora number of manufacturers. We specialize in finished cotton goods for the Middle eastern market: Our activities cover all types of household linen. Until now , we have been working with your textiles department and our collaboration has proved to be mutually beneficial. Please refer to them for any information regarding our company. We are very interested in an exclusive arrangement with your factoryfor the promotion of your products in Bahrain. We look forward to your early reply. ` 本公司担任多家厂家的独家代理，专营精制棉织品，包括各灯家用亚麻制品，行销中东。与贵公司向有业务联系，互利互作。贵公司纺织部亦十分了解有关业务合作之情况。盼望能成为贵公司独家代理，促销在巴林市场的货品。上述建议，烦请早日赐复，以便进一步联系合作。此致敬礼 4、拒绝对方担任独家代理 Thank you for your letter of 1 September suggesting that we grant you a sole agency for our household linens. I regret to say that, at this stage ,such an arrangement would berather premature. We would, however, be willing to engage in a trial collaboration with you company to see how the arrangement works. It would be necessary for you to test the market for our productsat you end. You would also have to build up a much larger turnover tojustify a sole agency. We enclose price lists covering all the products you are interested in and look forward to hearing from you soon 9月1日有关建议担任家用亚麻制品独家代理的来信收悉。谨致衷心谢意。目前时机尚未成熟，不能应允该安排深感抱歉。然而，本公司乐意与贵公司先试行合作，为今后合作打下基础。为证明担任独家代理的能力，贵公司宜上述货品作市场调查，研究是否可扩大现有之营业额。奉上该货品之报价单，敬希查照。专此候复。此致敬礼 5、同意对方担任独家代理 Thank you for your letter of 12 April proposing a sole agency for our office machines. We have examined our long and ,I must say ,mutually beneficial collaboration. We would be very pleased to entrust you with the sole agency for Bahrain. From our records, we are pleased to note that you have two service engineers who took
商务信函写作
商务信函（下） 投诉信结构： 投诉事由 详述事件/投诉理由 提出要求 常用句型： Letters of complaint I am writing to complain about … I am not satisfied with … I must therefore insist that … 例题 ●You recently attended a one-day training course on health and safety. You were disappointed with the course and you have decided to write a letter of complaint to the training company. ●Read the advertisement below, which gives details of the course. You have already made some notes on the advertisement. ●Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your letter to Moira Geddings at GBG Certification Services. ●Do not include postal addresses. ●Write 120-140 words on a separate sheet.
[范文] Dear Mrs Geddings, I write regarding a training course on health and safety which I attended 27 November. When I booked this course, I chose your company as it came highly recommended and the courses seemed to be of a high standard. I was promised an experienced trainer but unfortunately he was sick and the replacement was not as good as expected. Regarding the information packs these were only a pile of loose photocopies, which was not promised. The class was supposed to be about 8 people but in mine there were about 15. Finally, I should make it clear that the class started 1 hour late, and the lunch that was served, was cold. I am sure you can understand my disappointment. I would therefore be glad if you could investigate this matter. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Lisa Kostevska Cabin Attendant 索赔：
商务信函范文信头
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除 商务信函范文信头 篇一：商务信函的格式和范文 商务信函的格式和范文 商务信函属于商务礼仪文书范畴，是指企业与企业之间，在各种商务场合或商务往来过程中所使用的简便书信。其主要作用是在商务活动中用来建立经贸关系、传递商务信息、联系商务事宜、沟通和洽商产销；询问和答复问题、处理具体交易事项。其种类包括联系函、推销函、订购函、确认函、索赔函等多种。 文种特性 〔一）语气口语性 每一封商务信函的往来都是不同的企业之间或者企业 领导者彼此之间的一种情感交流。人都是感性的，所以商务信函更多地体现了感性的一面。而不是人们想象的商务信函应该用一种特殊的“生意腔”，信函读起来使人感到非常热情、友好，就像朋友之间的谈话那样简单、自然、人性化。无论是歉意的道歉函，还是善意的劝说函，或者购买函，完
全可以通过信函中的语气、语调来表现。 （二）内容直接性 企业每天都要阅读大量信函文件。商务信函不需要用华丽的词句。所以，商务信函要写得简明扼要，短小精悍，切中要点。用简洁朴实的语言来写信函，使信函读起来简单、清楚、容易理解。当涉及数据或者具体的信息时，如时间、地点、价格、货号，等等，要用语精确，使交流的内容更加清楚，这更有助于加快商务活动的进程。 （三）态度真诚性 商务信函要能够充分体现真诚、礼貌。不管说什么，都要带着诚意去说。把写好的商务信函拿起来读一遍，确保如果此时对方正在电话中与你通话，他一定能够感受到你的自然、真诚和礼貌。这里所说的礼貌，并不是简单用一些礼貌用语，而是体现了一种为他人考虑，多体谅对方心情和处境的态度。 （四）主旨单一性 商务信函具有纯粹的业务性，一般要求专文专事，内容集中单一，围绕公务，突出主旨。 （五）格式规范性 商务信函结构类似于一般的书信，有称呼、有正文、有署名。外贸商务函、电的写作则必须依照国际惯例，用英语或对方国家所使用的语言书写，在文法和书写格式上也要符