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大学英语三级考试翻译技巧

大学英语三级考试翻译技巧

翻译是一门艺术, 同时又是一种实践。它是对英语综合能力的考查，没有一定的英语基本功，要想在这部分得到高的分数是不可能的。但是，具有了一定的英语基础，并不等于具有较高的翻译能力。因此在学习和复习时掌握一些翻译的基本常识和一些常用方法, 针对考试中经常出现的一些语言现象, 仔细分析一些翻译实例, 总结出一些规律性的东西, 再加以必要的练习, 对考生来说是非常必要的，而且在短时间内提高自己在该部分的得分是完全有可能的。

一、试题与考生应试情况分析

通过考试试题的分析，我们发现英译汉试题中的英文句子大致有以下三个特点：

1、句子较长，其中包括定语从句、状语从句等从属结构，致使句子结构复杂，意思不容易把握。

2、句子虽然不长，但其中包含着较难理解的词、词组或短语，尤其是一些表示抽象意义的词，另外，句子中往往含有比较复杂的语法现象。

3、考查的翻译技巧主要包括: (1)定语从句的译法; (2) 被动语态的处理; (3) 长句的处理等等。

掌握这些规律为我们复习应考提供了很大的方便，考生可以根据自己的实际情况，多选择一些与上述内容有关的文章，多做一些有关的练习，并结合这类文章的特点，在练习的过程中总结出一些规律性的东西。根据以往的经验, 考生在这部分表现出的主要障碍有以下几个方面:

1、缺乏基本的翻译常识

作为公共英语学习者, 由于客观条件的限制, 他们在英语学习的过程中很少或根本就没有

进行过系统的翻译训练, 更缺乏对翻译要求以及翻译过程等一些常识性的东西基本的了解, 因此在考前复习和考试过程中一筹莫展, 无从下手。

2、对于英译汉翻译技巧知之甚少

任何事情都有其内在的规律, 翻译也不例外, 作为考生, 在备考时应掌握一些英译汉过程中经常采用的翻译技巧, 注意体会英语和汉语之间的差异, 同时要特别注意考试中经常考的

一些技巧, 并总结其中的翻译规律。

3、语表达不清, 缺乏中文表达能力

英译汉是英语和汉语两种语言之间的转化, 要求汉语准确完整, 符合汉语的表达习惯,

因此, 考生在复习时也应该注意训练自己的汉语表达能力。另外, 考生在使用汉语表达时, 还存在着用词不准, 违反自然科学常识的现象。

4、有些代词翻译得不够明确

语言的使用总是发生在一定的语言环境之中, 在语言的使用过程中, 为了避免重复, 往往需要使用一些代词来代替前面所提到的人或物, 在考试的过程中, 考生应该仔细地阅读全文, 找出划线部分中英语代词所指代的人或物, 并尽量明确地把它们翻译出来。而且，还要把代词翻成它(们)所代的名词、短语。

二、英译汉的标准及步骤

英译汉是创造性地运用汉语把英语所表达的思想准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。在英译汉的过程中有两点值得我们特别地注意: (1) 汉语所要表达的是英语原文的内容;(2) 汉语译文必须通顺流畅,符合汉语规范,还要保持原文的风格.翻译是首先要理解原文的意思,要联系上下文,从原文词汇意义,句法结构,惯用法等各方面吃透原文,理解原文.

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