2018届高考英语二轮复习细节理解题专练

细节理解题专练(一)

A

(2017·衡水中学全国高三大联考)

Discovering the beauty of the science and math that shape our everyday lives, an experience in WonderLab will fuel your imagination and inspire you to see the world around you in new and exciting ways. Come and enjoy yourself!

What to see

Spread across seven different zones, there're loads of opportunities to get hands on with real scientific phenomena. Observe live experiments at our Chemistry Bar, see lightning strike before your eyes, play with forces on giant slides or travel through space under a canopy (苍穹) of stars. You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers. With 50 mind-blowing wonders of science to enjoy, WonderLab is an experience unlike any other. Besides, a selection of shows will be performed daily in WonderLab's beautiful new show space. They are free of charge and last 20 minutes.

Tickets

◆Day pass：￡6 per person.

This ticket gives you day-long access to WonderLab, perfect whether you're planning a special trip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity.

◆Annual pass：￡10 per person.

For less than the price of two visits, give yourself a year packed full of wonder, curiosity and breathtaking experiences.

Opening times

Open seven days a week, 10：00 — 18：00 (last entry 17：15). WonderLab will be closed on December 24,25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27.

During school holidays our opening hours are 10：00—19：00 (last entry 18：15). Please note that in peak periods (from midday onwards) we are experiencing long queues due to the gallery's popularity.

体裁：应用文题材：新闻广告主题：科技展

【语篇导读】文章介绍了WonderLab的活动、票价及时间安排等信息，吸引大家前去参观游玩。

1．What can you do in WonderLab?

A．Explore stars.

B．Produce lighting.

C．Join in explosion shows.

D．Do chemistry experiments.

解析：C 细节理解题。依据What to see小标题下的You can also take part in explosive science demonstrations led by our talented team of explainers.可知，你可以参加爆炸演示。故选C项。

2．How much should two visitors pay if they visit WonderLab and enjoy the shows for one day?

A．￡12. B．￡20.

C．￡32. D．￡40.

解析：A 推理判断题。从题干可知两位游客适合买第一种票，依据Day pass: ￡6 per person.可知，两位游客游览一天需要的门票费用为12英镑。故选A项。

3．When can you enter WonderLab?

A．9：30 on December 23.

B．18：30 on school holidays.

C．11：00 on Christmas.

D．10：30 on December 28.

解析：D 细节理解题。依据Opening times小标题下的Open seven days a week, 10：00—18：00 (last entry 17：15). WonderLab will be closed on December 24, 25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27.以及During school holidays our opening hours are 10：00—19：00 (last entry 18：15)．可知，平时的开放时间是10点到18点，圣诞节期间闭馆，在学校假期的开放时间是10点到19点，最后准许进入的时间是18：15，只有D项符合。

4．What is the purpose of the text?

A．To introduce WonderLab.

B．To attract people to WonderLab.

C．To explain how WonderLab works.

D．To analyze why WonderLab is attractive.

解析：B 推理判断题。文章介绍了WonderLab的活动、票价及时间安排等信息，再根据第一段末尾Come and enjoy yourself！可知，本文的写作目的是吸引人们参观WonderLad。故选B项。

B

(2017·济南模拟)

Seven years ago, back in 2010, some reports covered a story that the world's longest railway tunnel was under construction in Switzerland. At that point it had already been under construction for over a decade. It had been voted to be built nearly a quarter of a century ago! The idea to build it could date back to nearly 70 years ago — about as old as some of your grandparents!

Yesterday, it was finally ready!

It's about 35 miles long and runs 7,500 feet beneath the Swiss Alps, a famous mountain range in Switzerland. It even runs under an old tunnel that was there before. It took a total of 17 years to build at a cost of $12 billion! 28 million tons of rock were dug. Two million truckloads of earth were removed!

The tunnel connects northern and southern Europe. The opening of this tunnel was such a big deal that the Germany's leader, Chancellor Angela Merkel, France's president, Francois Hollande, and Italy's prime minister, Matteo Renzi, were all there to celebrate, as was Austria's chancellor Christian Kern.

It's called the Gotthard Base Tunnel. Eventually, 325 freight and passenger trains will go through the tunnel, relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there and making it a more environmentally friendly option. The Gotthard Base Tunnel is a wonder of engineering and makes us want to visit it!

【解题导读】本文介绍了戈特哈德隧道的建成及其相关情况和由此带来的意义。

【难句分析】The opening of this tunnel was such a big deal that the Germany's leader, Chancellor Angela Merkel, France's president, Francois Hollande, and Italy's prime minister, Matteo Renzi, were all there to celebrate, as was Austria's chancellor Christian Kern.

分析：本句含有such... that...引导的结果状语从句，such后跟名词。

译文：这条隧道的开幕式是如此重大的一件事以至于德国领导人安格拉·默克尔，法国总统弗朗索瓦·奥朗德和意大利总理马泰奥·伦齐及奥地利总理克里斯蒂安·科恩全都出席开幕式庆祝。

5．When did people first have the idea of building the tunnel?

A．About 70 years ago.

B．Half a century ago.

C．Twenty five years ago.

D．Seven years ago.

解析：A 考查细节理解。从文章第一段最后一句“The idea to build it could date back to nearly 70 years ago —about as old as some of your grandparents”可知，

大约70年前人们第一次有建造该隧道的想法。故选A项。

6．What can we learn about the tunnel?

A．It used to be an old tunnel.

B．It has just been completed.

C．It connects all European countries.

D．It runs over a range of mountains.

解析：B 考查细节理解。从文章第二段“Yesterday, it was finally ready”可知，该隧道刚刚竣工。故选B项。

干扰项分析：A项错在“used to be an old tunnel”，与文章第三段第二句的“It even runs under an old tunnel”不符；C项错在“all European countries”，与第四段的“connects northern and southern Europe”不符；D项错在“over”，与第三段第一句的“beneath”不符。

7．What may be the purpose of building the tunnel?

A．To improve traffic.

B．To increase employment.

C．To attract donation.

D．To stop pollution.

解析：A 考查细节理解。从文章最后一段的“relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there and m aking it a more environmentally friendly option”可知，该铁路隧道修建的目的是缓解交通压力。故选A项。

干扰项分析：B项“增加就业”、C项“吸引捐款”在文中未提及；D项“阻止污染”与文章“a more environmentally friendly option”表示的“一个更加环境友好型的选择”不符。

8．What can be inferred about the tunnel?

A．It will cause conflicts among countries.

B．It will be of little benefit to the locals.

C．It may do damage to the environment.

D．It may become a tourist attraction.

解析：D 考查推理判断。从文章最后一句中的“makes us want to visit it”可推知，该铁路隧道可能会成为一个旅游胜地。故选D项。

干扰项分析：A项“它将会造成国家间的冲突”在文中未体现；B项错在“little benefit”，与文章最后一段的“relieving a lot of traffic”不符；C项错在“do damage to the environment”，与文章最后一段的“more environmentally friendly”不符。

C

(2017·烟台诊断)

In an effort to discourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products. From water bottles made from seaweed to cutlery (餐具) made from rice and wheat, a number of inventions are set to change the way we eat while we are on the go, or having a relaxing picnic in the park.

The idea of using seaweed to make eco-friendly (环保的) water bottles has been around for a few years. Recently, Ari Jonsson took his invention — a water bottle made from red seaweed —to show off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled. As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down, though they would be perfectly safe to eat. Ari Jonsson's bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones.

The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future. Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons. After the success of his spoons, Mr. Pessapaty is ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu. His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste, which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world. It is a product that may take up to 500 years to break down, and recycling companies worldwide are struggling to deal with it.

Aside from the obvious benefits to the environment, this new packaging is also cheap to produce and therefore cheap to buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends. Why not get experimenting and create your own recipes?

体裁：说明文题材：环境与自然主题：产品的环保新包装

【语篇导读】为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，本文介绍了科学家发明的可食用的、环保的包装替代产品。

9．Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?

A．To make people's life more convenient.

B．To reduce the amount of plastic waste.C．To change the way we picnic outside.

D．To show off their inventive talents.

解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句In an effort to discourage people from using plastics...可知，为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，科学家们发明了可替代的包装产品。故选B项。

10．What makes Ari Jonsson's water bottles eco-friendly?

A．They can be made at home.

B．They are cheap to produce and buy.

C．They will hold their shape when they are filled.

D．They will break down themselves when empty.

解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down...可知，水瓶一空，它们就会分解。也就是说，它们在被倒空时，会自己分解，所以使得这些水瓶很环保。故选D项。

【测训诊断】考生易根据第二段第三句The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled.(瓶子只有在满的时候才能定型)而误选C项，这只是介绍了这种水瓶的特性，而不是这些水瓶环保的原因，真正的原因是它们在水倒空时，会自我分解。故排除C项。

11．What do Ari and Narayana's inventions have in common?

A．They are convenient to carry.

B．They are safe to eat.

C．They can be used for a short time.

D．They are heavier than plastics.

解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句．.. though they would be perfectly safe to eat.及第三段第二句Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons.可知，两人发明物的共同特点是它们都是可安全食用的。故选B项。

12．What can be inferred from this passage?

A．Home-made eatable cutlery is likely to be popular.

B．Eatable cutlery will completely replace plastics in the near future.

C．No recycling companies can break down plastic waste.

D．It's unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home.

解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends.可知，类似的可食用餐具可在家里自制，由此可猜测，这种餐具可能会变得很受欢迎。故选A项。

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