英文合同常用词汇和句型
英文合同常用词汇
第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording)
当大量接触英文合同，就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高，往往影响或决定了对合同的准确理解，下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍：
一、英文合同常用虚词（Usual Function Words）
1．Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词
基本规则：Here 代表this，there 代表that，where 代表which 或what 即here/there/where+介词=介词+this/that/which or what
Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此，由此，兹等意。
例句：The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the undermentioned goods subject to the following
conditions:买方向卖方订购下列商品，条件如下：
Herein：in this。此中，于此。
例句：The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A. 在此规定的最低特许权使用费应由乙方付给甲方。Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下，在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连用。
例句：This Agreement is made and concluded on ______, (date)____(year), by and between
_____(hereinafter called Party A) on the one hand and _____(hereinafter called Party B) on the other hand. 本协议书于____年___月___日由_____（以下简称甲方）为一方，与_____(以下简称乙方)为另一方签订。
Hereof：of this。关于此点，在本文件中。
Hereunder：under this. 本文件规定。
例句：Both parties agree to attempt to resolve all disputes between the parties with respect to the
application or interpretation of any term hereof of transaction hereunder, through amicable negotiation.合同双方就本合同规定交易任一条款的适用和解释所产生的所有争议同意力求通过友好协商予以解决。Hereto：to this.本文件的。
Thereof：of that.它的，其。
Thereto：to that 与之，向那里。
例句：“Licensed Products”means the devices and products described in Schedule 1 annexed hereto together with all improvement and modification thereof or development with respect thereto. “特许产品”系指在本协议附件1 中所述的装置和产品，及其全部改进和修改的产品和与之相关的产品。
Herewith：with this.与此，附此。
Thereby：by that means.因此，由此，从而
例句：In any one or more of the provisions contained in this Contract or any document executed in
connection herewith shall be invalid of unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, the validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected
thereby.
如果根据现行法律，本合同及与此有关文件中有一项或多项条款被视为无效或不能履行，本合同其余条款的效力和履行将不因此受影响。
Thereafter: after that，afterwards. 此后
例句：The Contract for the contractual joint venture shall continue from a period of two years thereafter. 本合作经营企业合同，此后应持续有效两年。
Therein: in that; in that particular context; in that respect.在那里；在那点上；在那方面。
例句：The Leased Premises are deemed to be fit for occupation when the building therein is substantially completed.当在那里的建筑物实质完成时，该租赁房屋才认为适合占有居住。
Therewith：with that.以此；此外。
例句：The Employer shall indemnify and save harmless the Contractor against and from the same and against and from all claims, proceedings, damages, costs, charges and expenses whatsoever arising there out or in connection therewith.业主应赔偿所有索赔、诉讼、损害赔偿、支出、花费、费用，不论因本合同产生或与其相关，并保证承包人免于承担上述责任。Whereby: by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions, etc.
凭此协议，凭此条款等。
例句：This Agreement is made and concluded by and between AA Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and BB Company (hereinafter referred to as Party B) whereby the Parties hereto agree to enter into the compensation trade under the terms and conditions set forth below: 本协议由AA 公司（以下简称甲方）和BB 公司（以下简称乙方）签订。双方同意按下列条款进行补偿贸易。（本句中省略未译）2．WITNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore, NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS, Know All
Men by these presents，In witness Whereof, In Testimony Whereof, Undersigned.
WITHNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore 用于英文合同前言部分，In witness Whereof 用于合同结尾证明部分，在第二章篇章结构特点中已有涉及，恕不赘述。
In Testimony Whereof: in Witness Whereof.以此为证，特立此证。
例句：In Testimony Whereof we have hereto signed this Document on _____ (date) accepted on _____(date).我方于__年__月__日签署本文件，并于__年__月__日接受该文件，特此为证。
NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS: 兹特立约为据, 本句话也是用于WHEREAS 条款之后引出具体协议事项。
例句：NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed
between the parties hereto as follows: 兹特立约为据，并由订约双方协议如下：
KNOW ALL MEN by these presents:根据本文件，特此宣布。（通常用于前言部分）
例句：KNOW ALL MEN by these presents that we_____(bank’s name)having our registered office at
______ (hereinafter called “the Bank”) will be bound unto _____(the Owner’s name)(hereinafter called “the Owner”) in the sum of ____ for payment well and truly to be made to the said Owner, the Bank will bind itself, its successors and better assignee by these presents.根据本文件，兹宣布，我行，（银行名称），其注册地点在（以下简称本银行）向（业主名称）（以下简称本业主）立约担保支付（金额数）的保证金。本保证书对本银行及其继受人和受让人均具有约束力。
Undersigned:法律文件末尾的签名者,前面加定冠词the,是指文件签署者的自称。
例句：The undersigned Seller and Buyer have agreed to close the following transaction in accordance with the terms and conditions stipulated as follows: 兹经签约的买卖双方同意，按下列条款，达成这笔交易。
3．Notwithstanding: in spite of, despite. 即使，尽管。
例1：Notwithstanding any other provisions to the contrary herein,
insurance coverage and limits shall be subject to approval of all the parties.即使有与本合同相悖的规定，保险范围和责任限制应以合同各方同意为准。
例2：Notwithstanding Article 2.2, the parties may agree to extend the Expiration date to such date as is reasonable in the circumstances if any of the conditions precedent referred to in Article 2.1 is not satisfied or waived on or before the Expiration Date, any such agreement or waiver to be in writing. 尽管有本合同第二条第二款规定，如果上述第二条第一款规定的先决条件在合同期满日之前既未实现又未放弃，合同各方亦可根据具体情况，约定合理延长合同的期满日。
4．As 合同英语中as 出现的频率极高，而且用法灵活多变，是典型的自由人。在某种意义上讲，as 使用的熟练程度可以衡量合同英语的造诣。具体用法和含义见以下实例：
As 放在代表规定的provide，stipulate，set forth，prescribe 等词的过去分词前，含义为“依照某某规定”。
例1：For purpose of this, Capital Account shall be adjusted hypothetically as provided for in Section 4.6 herein.基于此，应依照本合同第四条第六款调整资金账户。
例2：based on their respective Venture interests as set forth in Section 5.2 hereof. 基于本合同第五条第二款规定的各方在合资公司中的权益。
另有Except as otherwise provided 结构，表示“除非本文/某条款另有规定”。
例句：Except as otherwise provided herein, all notices or demands sent by registered airmail shall be deemed received 8 days after they have been sent and notices or demands sent by telex shall be deemed received at the time of the dispatch thereof.除非本合同另有规定，所有通知和请求以航空挂号信寄出则发出后8 日应视为送达收悉，以电传方式发出则在发送时视为收悉。
As 构成as the case may be（视具体情况而定），as the case may require （视具体要求而定）和as the Venturers may determine 等短语。
例句：The Venture may relocate its office from time to time or have additional offices as the Venturers may determine.该合资公司视投资者决策，可随时迁址或增添营业场所。
As 构成as of the date of ____ (date) 短语是英语合同中表示“自某年某月某日起”最正式的表达。
例句：In witness whereof, the parties have caused this instrument to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. 合同双方签订本文件，该文件自以上书就日期即时生效，特此为证。
As 还用在as soon as practical 短语中，意义用法相当于as soon as possible.
例句：During the Employment Period, the Company agrees that it shall recommend to the Board the election of the Employee as a Director of the Company on the Commencement Date or as soon as practical thereafter. 本公司同意在聘用期间，应自本协议开始或其后尽早的时间向董事会推选受聘方为本公司董事。
As 与such 连用是英文合同中一大特色，参看本书第二章第三节部分，在此不在赘述。
5. foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned, in question
Foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned 一族，一般放在名词前作限定，意为“前述的”或“上述的”，为避免重复已经提到的姓名或名称。
例1：The Bank shall give prompt written or telex notice to the Borrower of the Interest Rate in effect from time to time in accordance with the foregoing sentence.本银行将根据前述的句子以书面或电传形式随时及时通知借款方生效的利率。
例2：The contract shall be written in Chinese and in ____________. Both language versions are equally authentic. In the event of any discrepancy between the two aforementioned versions, the Chinese version shall prevail.本合同应以中文和_文书就，具同等法律效力。前述两种
英文合同合同常用词
英文合同合同常用词 第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording)(1) 当大量接触英文合同，就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高，往往影响或决定了对 合同的准确理解，下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍： 一、英文合同常用虚词（Usual Function Words） 1．Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词 基本规则：Here 代表this，there 代表that，where 代表which 或what 即here/there/where+介词=介词 +this/that/which or what Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此，由此，兹等意。 例句：The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the undermentioned goods
subject to the following conditions:买方向卖方订购下列商品，条件如下： Herein：in this。此中，于此。 例句：The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A. 在此规定的最低特许权 使用费应由乙方付给甲方。 Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下，在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连 用。 例句：This Agreement is made and concluded on ______, (date)____(year), by and between _____(hereinafter called Party A) on the one hand and _____(hereinafter called Party B) on the other hand. 本协议书于____年___月___日由_____（以下简称甲方）为一方，与_____(以下简称乙方)为另一方 签订。
中英文合同中常用词词义的选择
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英文合同常用词汇
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英文合同常见词汇及句型
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英文合同常见词汇及句型
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英文合同中介词-连词等等常用词语解释
合同中常用词语解释 (2) (Explanations to Commonly-used words and Expressions in Contracts) (2) 1. “here+介词” (2) 2. “there+介词” (2) 3. “where+介词” (3) 4. Shall (3) 5. should (3) 6. notwithstanding (4) 7. subject to (4) 8. without prejudice to (4) 9. unless otherwise (5) 10. except otherwise (5) 11. in witness whereof (5) 12. Know all men by these presents that... . (5) 13. including but not limited to (6) 14. provide that (6) 15. undersigned (6) 16. at one’s sole discretion (6) 17. accordingly (7) 18. as the case may be (7) 19. to the extent that (7) 20. save (7) 21. less (7) 22. for the purpose of (7) 23. the same (8)
合同中常用词语解释 (Explanations to Commonly-used words and Expressions in Contracts) 不少人在阅读FIDIC合同条款时感到很吃力，其中一个重要原因是词语障碍。为了帮助读者解决这一困难，我们特意从红皮书中选择了一些这类的词汇和短语，对他们进行较为详细的讲解，以供参考。 1.“here+介词”所构成的合成词，如：hereafter（此后），hereby（特此，兹）， herein（此中，于此），hereinafter（在下文中），hereof（关于这一点，在本文中），hereto （于此，至此），heretofore（在此之前，前此），hereupon（就在此刻），herewith（于此一道，随函附上）等。在这类合成词中，here相当于this，因此，hereafter = after this，hereto = to this，herewith = with this，余类推。请看下面例句： a)Example forms for the letter of Invitation and Instructions to Tenderers are reproduced hereafter, for use with any of the three Books. 下文复制了邀请函和投标人须知范例格式，供三本合同条件中的任何一本使 用。 b)Whereas Party B and Party A have entered into this Contract for the installation of Party A’s air-conditioning equipment, the Parties here to do hereby agree as follows. 鉴于乙 方与甲方订立合同，为甲方安装空调设备，双方达成如下协议。the Parties here to = the Parties to this contract:合同双方。 c)We enclose herewith a soft copy of this document. 随信附上本文件的软拷贝。Herewith = with this letter:随本信 2.“there+介词”所构成的合成词，如：thereafter（此后，其后，据此），thereby （因此，从而，由此；借此；在那附近），therefor（为此，因此，因之），therefrom（从哪里，从哪一点，从其中，从此），therein（在其中；在那件事情上，在哪一点上），thereinafter（在下文中，一下），thereof（其，其中；它的），thereon（在其上，就此），thereto（加于[协议]等之上，随附），thereunder（在其下；依照），thereupon（因此，关于此事；随即，随后），therewith（以此，与此；立刻，随即；同时，又）等。在这类合成词中，there相当于that，因此，thereafter = after that，thereto = to that，therewith = with that，余类推。请看下面例句： a)The Drawings shall remain in the sole custody of Engineer, but two copies there of shall be provided to the Contractor free of charge. 图纸应由工程师单独保管，但应免费为承包商提供两套图纸的复印件。Two copies thereof = two copies of the Drawings. b)The several documents forming the Contractor are to be taken as mutually explanatory of one another, but in case of ambiguities or discrepancies the same shall be explained and adjusted by the Engineer who shall thereupon issue to the Contractor
【合同英语】合同条款常用英文词汇
【合同英语】合同条款常用英文词汇合同条款常用英文词汇 buyer 买方 卖方 seller 项目名称 Project name 地址 address 电话 phone 传真 fax 联系人 contact person 本合同由买卖双方签订，根据本合同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售以下产品。 This contract is made by and between the buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned. Commodities according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 1. 详细货物清单 Detail supply list 2. 合同价格 Contract value 序号 item 型号 model 尺寸 size, dimension 数量 amount, unit 单价 unit price 总价 total price 备注 remark 货物，运费 freight, transportation 合同总额(含安装费与税金) Contract amount incl. VAT installation 3. 付款条件 payment conditions, payment terms 4. 交货地点 delivery place
5. 发货期 delivery time 6. 安装条款 installation clause 7. 验收条款 inspection clause 8. 保证条款 guarantee clause 9. 不可抗拒条款 Force Majeure Clause 10. 违约条款 Breach clause 11. 其他条款 Miscellaneous clause 12. 买卖双方信息 buyer and seller information 此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party. 涉外合同格式 涉外合同按繁简不同，尽管可以采取不同书面形式，如正式合同(Contract)、协议书(Agreement)、确认书(Confirmation)、备忘录(Memorandum)、订单(Order)等等，但是一般都包含如下几个部分: 一、合同名称(Title) 二、前文(Preamble) 1. 订约日期和地点 Date and place of signing 2. 合同当事人及其国籍、主营业所或住所 Signing parties and their nationalities, principal place of business or residence addresses 3. 当事人合法依据 Each party's authority，比如，该公司是“按当地法律正式组织而存在 的”(a corporation duly organized
商务英语口语900句：合同专用词汇及短语详解
商务英语口语900句：合同专用词汇及短语详解 一．理解法律文件中的专门用语 英语中某些副词如“here”及“where”在法律文件中往往当作前缀，与另一个词构成法律词汇中的专门用语。在法律文件中用这些词，能够避免重复，避免误解，避免歧义，使行文准确、简洁。以这种方 法构成的词主要有： hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter; thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith; whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, etc。 这些词各有各的含义，作者只能捡其中几个细说： 比如： 1. Hereby： by means of; by reason of this 之意，即特此， 所以，兹等意。常用于法律文件、合同协议的正式文件的开头语，在 条款中需要强调时也可用。 举原文说明，如： The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. 文中：
合同模板条款常用英文词汇
合同条款常用英文词汇 买方 buyer 卖方 seller 项目名称 Project name 地址 address 电话 phone 传真 fax 联系人 contact person 本合同由买卖双方签订，依照本合同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售以下产品。 This contract is made by and between the buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the selle rs agree to sell the under-mentioned. Commodities accor ding to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 1. 详细物资清单 Detail supply list 2. 合同价格 Contract value 序号 item 型号 model 尺寸 size, dimension 数量 amou nt, unit 单价 unit price 总价 total price 备注 remark
物资，运费 freight, transportation 合同总额（含安装费与税金） Contract amount incl. VAT installation 3. 付款条件 payment conditions, payment terms 4. 交货地点 delivery place 5. 发货期 delivery time 6. 安装条款 installation clause 7. 验收条款 inspection clause 8. 保证条款 guarantee clause 9. 不可抗拒条款 Force Majeure Clause 10. 违约条款 Breach clause 11. 其他条款 Miscellaneous clause 12. 买卖双方信息 buyer and seller information 此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。This contract is ma de in two originals that should be held by each party.涉外合同格式 涉外合同按繁简不同，尽管能够采取不同书面形式，如正式合同（Contract）、协议书（Agreement）、确认书（Confirma tion）、备忘录（Memorandum）、订单（Order）等等，然而一般都包含如下几个部分：
英文合同翻译词法简述
第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording) 当大量接触英文合同，就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高，往往影响或决定了对合同的准确理解，下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍： 一、英文合同常用虚词(Usual Function Words) 1. Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词基本规则：Here代表this，there代表that，where代表which或what即here/there/where+介词=介词+this/that/which or what Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此，由此，兹等意。 Herein：in this。此中，于此。 Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下，在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连用。 Hereof：of this。关于此点，在本文件中。Hereunder：under this. 本文件规定。 Hereto：to this.本文件的。Thereof：of that.它的，其。Thereto：to that 与之，向那里。 Herewith：with this.与此，附此。Thereby：by that means.因此，由此，从而 Thereafter: after that，afterwards.此后。
Therein: in that; in that particular context; in that respect.在那里;在那点上;在那方面。 Therewith：with that.以此;此外。 Whereby: by the agreement; by the following terms and conditions, etc. 凭此协议，凭此条款等。 2. WITNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore, NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS, Know All Men by these presents，In witness Whereof, In Testimony Whereof, Undersigned.WITHNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore用于英文合同前言部分，In witness Whereof用于合同结尾证明部分，在第二章篇章结构特点中已有涉及，恕不赘述。 In Testimony Whereof: in Witness Whereof. 以此为证，特立此证。 NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS: 兹特立约为据, 本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项。 KNOW ALL MEN by these presents:根据本文件，特此宣布。(通常用于前言部分) Undersigned: 法律文件末尾的签名者,前面加定冠词the,是指文件签署者的自称。 3. Notwithstanding: in spite of, despite. 即使，尽管。 4. As
图书出版合同(英文版)
PUBLISHING CONTRACT CONTENTS 1. GRANT 授权出版 2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 承诺与保证 3. DELIVERY 稿件交付 4. PUBLICATION 出版 5. COPYRIGHT 版权 6. EDITING AND PROOFREADING 编辑与校对 7. ROYALTIES AND LICENSES 版税与许可权 8. OVERPAYMENT 对超额支付的处理 9. NOTIFICATION AND PAYMENT 通知与支付 10. AUTHOR'S COPIES 作者购买 11. STATEMENTS AND PAYMENTS 结算单与支付方式 12. REVERSION AND TERMINATION 再版与合同终止 13. BANKRUPTCY AND INSOLVENCY 出版商破产或解体的处理 14. RESERVED RIGHTS 保留权利 15. ASSIGNMENT 转让 16. ARBITRATION 仲裁 17. NOTICES 通知 18. INFRINGEMENT 违约的处理 19. DOCUMENTS 文件 20. LAW 法律 21. INHERITANCE 对承继人的约束力 22. ALTERATION 合同变更
23. APPROVAL 准许 AGREEMENT made this day between (Author's name), whose residence address is (hereinafter called the Author); and INDEX Books whose principal place of business is at (hereinafter called the Publisher); WITNESSETH: In consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties agree as follows: 1. GRANT The author hereby grants and assigns to the Publisher the exclusive rights to publish in the English language in book form in all countries of the world, a Work now entitled (Title of book) (hereinafter called the Work), which title may be changed only by mutual consent in writing. 2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES The Author represents that he is the sole proprietor of the Work and that the Work to the best of his knowledge does not contain any libelous matter and does not violate the civil rights of any person or persons, does not infringe any existing copyright and has not heretofore been published in book form. The Author shall hold harmless and indemnify the publisher from any recovery finally sustained by reason of any violations of copyright or other property of personal right; provided, however, that the Publisher shall with all reasonable promptness notify the Author of any claim or suit which may involve the warranties of the Author hereunder; and the Author agrees fully to cooperate in the defense thereof. The warranties contained in this article do not extend to drawings, illustrations, insofar as not furnished by the Author, or to any other material not furnished by the Author. 3. DELIVERY The Author agrees to deliver to the publisher, a complete typewritten script as well as a complete electronic text of the Work in a format to be determined by the Publisher (hereinafter called the Script). If the Script shall not have been delivered within three (3) months after the date this agreement is signed the Publisher may, at its option, terminate this agreement by notice in writing posted or delivered to the Author. 4. PUBLICATION
合同条款中常用的英文词汇翻译
Most students admit to having learned in junior high school or in high school about writing business letters and about conventional formats1 for them．When it comes down to writing them，however，all too many students seem not to know how and to be unwilling2 to look up the forms （or perhaps they don't have a reference about using English）．This web page was prepared so that you would have an easily obtained description of what to do．When a business that has letterhead stationery3 writes a business letter，the first page of the letter uses paper with the printed letterhead and succeeding pages，if any，use matching quality and color sheets without the letterhead．A business with very good quality printing might generate the letterhead graphic4 with an image embedded5 in a word processor document．An individual normally won't use letterhead stationery and won't attempt to fake it．An attempt at letterhead that produces a tacky result or that conveys pompousness6 produces effects that you want to avoid．In a business letter，everything that you "type" should be in the same typeface and in the same font size．You should use "formal English" and you should very carefully check your grammar and spelling．You should arrange things neatly8．You should consider the appearance of the letter "at arm's length" as well as close up －－use white space to produce an attractive sheet．In a conventional business letter you should see these parts，in order top to bottom： A return addressThis item is the postal9 address of the author of the letter．Each line of it is left justified10－－either at a tab stop that puts the information toward the right side of the page or at the left margin11．Normally the return address is at the top of the page，but you can move it down a little to improve over－all appearance．Do not put email addresses here －－if you need to convey an email address，do it in the body of the letter．The dateThis item is the date of the letter．It is aligned12 with the return address．Formerly13 there was never whitespace （blank lines）between the return address and the date，but some current styles allow blank lines．An inside addressThis item duplicates what goes on the envelope．It has the formal name of the intended recipient14 of the letter and that person's postal address．Each line of the inside address is left justified at the left margin．No email addresses appear here．You can put blank lines between the date and the inside address to fill the page better and to improve the "arm's length" appearance．A salutationThis item formally addresses the recipient．If the addressee is not a friend，you should write "Dear Mr．Brown：" or "Dear Mrs．Smith：" or "Dear Ms．Jones：" or "Dear Dr．Greene：" or the like．A letter to a close associate might say "Dear Mike：" or "Dear Sally："．There is at least one line of white space between the inside address and the salutation．You can put a little more to improve the over－all appearance．Before the days of political correctness a letter to an organization would begin "Dear Sir：" or "Dear Sirs：" or "Gentlemen：" －－for example，if the envelope were addressed "Personnel Director，XYZ Company，City，State" you might do this．These days you should probably make an effort to get a name，but．．．The body of