(2020年7月整理)新编大学英语第二版Book2 Unit1-4课文原文加翻译.doc

新编大学英语第二版Book2 Unit1-4课文原文加翻译Unit 1 A Good Heart to Lean On

More than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance.

[1] When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance , people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on.

[2] It was difficult to coordinate our steps—his halting, mine impatient —and because of that, we didn't say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. ”

[3] Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was how he got to work. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not. It was a matter of pride for him.

[4] When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sisters or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn , N.Y., on a child's sleigh to the subway entrance. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept ice-free.In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home..

[5] When I think of it now, I marvel at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such indignity and stress. And I marvel at how he did it—without bitterness or complaint.

[6] He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able . What he looked for in others was a “good heart”, and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him.

[7] Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people , even though I still don't know precisely what a “good heart” is. But I know the times I don't have one myself.

[8] Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager , he kept it going. He was a knowledgeable baseball fan and often took me to Ebbets Field to see the Brooklyn Dodgers play. He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching.

[9] On one memorable occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving .He wasn't content to sit and watch, but he couldn't stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, “I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! ”

[10] Nobody did. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive even before the bout began.

[11] I now know he participated in some things vicariously through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too. When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. ” Those words

were never said aloud.

[12] He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of anoth er's good fortune, when I don't have a “good heart”.

[13] At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you.” ( 703 words)

【译文】

善良之心，久久相依

1 随着我渐渐长大，当别人看见我和爸爸在一起，我会觉得很尴尬。他身材矮小，走起路来跛得很厉害。我们一起走时，他要把手搭在我的肩上才能保持平衡，人们就会盯着我们看。对这种不必要的注意我觉得非常难堪。他也许曾注意到，或着觉得烦恼，但他从来没有流露出来。

2 要协调我们的步伐并不容易，他(的步子)一瘸一拐的，我(走起来)则缺乏耐心。因此，我们走路的时候并不怎么说话。但出发时，他总是说：“你定步伐，我会尽量跟上。”

3 我们通常在家和地铁之间来往，这是他上班的必由之路。不论生病还是碰到恶劣的天气他都去上班，几乎没有旷过一天工。即使别人无法上班，他也要去办公室。对他来说这是一种自豪。

4 当地上有冰或雪的时候，即使有人帮忙他也无法走路。这时，我或者我的姐妹就用孩子玩的雪撬拉着他，穿过纽约布鲁克林的街道，直到地铁的入口处。一到那儿，他就能紧紧抓住扶手一直走下去, 地铁道里比较暖和，下面的楼梯不结冰。曼哈顿的地铁站正好是他办公楼的地下室，因此除了从布鲁克林我们去接他的地方到回家为止，他都不用再出去。

5 一个成年男子要有多少勇气才能承受这种屈辱和压力，我现在想来惊讶不已。他从没有痛苦或抱怨，他是怎么做到这一步的我感到不可思议。

6 他从不把自己当作同情的对象，也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。他在别人身上所寻找的是一颗“善心”。如果他找到了一颗善心，那么有这么颗心的人对他来说就是一位大好人了。

7 由于年龄的增长，我相信那是一种用来判断人的恰当的标准，尽管我还不能精确地知道什么是一颗“善心”。但是，当我自己没有的时候，我是知道的。

8 尽管很多活动我爸爸不能参加，但他还是尽量用某种方式参与。当本地的一支棒球队发现缺经理的时候，他使它维持下去。他是一个很懂行的棒球迷，经常带我去埃贝茨球场看布鲁克林的道奇队打球。他喜欢参加舞会和聚会，就是坐在一旁观看，也很开心。

9 有一件事我至今难忘。一次沙滩聚会上，人们打了起来，每个人都在推推搡搡，拳头你来我往。于是他无法袖手旁观，但没有人帮忙，在松软的沙滩上他站不起来。困窘之际，他开始大叫：“谁坐到我这儿来，我就跟他打！谁坐到我这儿来，我就跟他打！”

10 没人坐下和他打。但是第二天，人们都和他开玩笑说，拳击尚未开始，对手就故意认输了，这还是第一次。

11 我现在才明白，有些事他是通过我，他唯一的儿子，间接参与的。当我打球（打得很糟糕）的时候，他也在“打”。我加入海军，他也“加入”。当我休假回家的时候，他总要我去他的办公室。在介绍我的时候，他实际上是在说：“这是我的儿子，但也是我。如果不是这种情形的话，我也能做这些。”可是这些话从没有说出来。

12 父亲已去世多年。但我还是经常想起他。不知道他当时是否感觉到了我曾不愿意别人看见我和他走在一起。如果他感觉到了，我很遗憾我从没有告诉过他后来我感到多么难过，多么渺小，多么后悔。每当我为琐事抱怨的时候，每当我嫉妒别人好运的时候，每当我没有一颗“善心”的时候，就想起了他。13 在这种时候，我就把手放在他的手臂上，来重新获得平衡，并

说：“你定步伐，我会尽量跟上。”

Unit2 Speaking Different Languages

[1] When Martians and Venusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. Because they recognized that they were different, they were able to solve these problems. One of the secrets of their success was good communication.

[2] Ironically, they communicated well because they spoke different languages. When they had problems, they would just go to a translator for assistance. Everyone knew that people from Mars and people from Venus spoke different languages, so when there was a conflict they didn't start judging or fighting but instead pulled out their phrase dictionaries to understand each other more fully. If that didn't work they went to a translator for help.

[3] You see , the Martian and Venusian languages had the same words but different meanings depending on the way they were used. Their expressions were similar, but they had different connotations or emotional emphasis. Misinterpreting each other was very easy. So when communication problems emerged ,they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. They experienced a trust and acceptance that we rarely experience today.

[4] Even today we still need translators. Men and women seldom mean the same things even when they use the same words. For example, when a woman says, “I feel like you never listen,” she does not expect the word “never” to be taken literally . Using the word “never” is just a way of expressing the frustration she is feeling at the moment. It is not to be taken as if it were factual information.

[5] To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. Men mistakenly take these expressions literally. Because they misunderstand the intended meaning, they commonly react in an unsupportive manner. In the following chart ten complaints easily misinterpreted are listed, as well as how a man might respond unsupportively.

Ten Common Complaints That Are Easily Misinterpreted

Women say things like this: Men respond like this:

“We never go out.” “That's not true. We went out last week.”

“Everyone ignores me.” “I'm sure some people notice you.”

“I am so tired, I can't do anything.” “If you don't like your job, then quit.”

“I want to forget everything.” “I don't think there's anything to forget.”

“The house is always a mess.” “It's not always a mess.”

“No one listens to me anymore.” “But I'm listening to you right now.”

“Nothing is working.” “Are you saying it is my fault?”

“You don't love me anymore.” “Of course I do. That's why I'm here.”

“We are always in a hurry.” “We are not. Friday we were relaxed.”

“I want more romance .” “Are you saying I am not romantic?”

[6] You can see how a “literal” translation of a wom an's words could easily mislead a man who is used to using speech as a means of conveying only facts and information. You can also see how a man's responses might lead to an argument. Unclear and unloving communication is the biggest problem in relationsh ips. The number one complaint women have in relationships is: “I don't feel he ard. ”

[7] Even this complaint is misunderstood and misinterpreted!

[8] A man's literal translation of “I don't feel heard” leads him to take the woman's complaint lightly. He thinks he has heard her if he can repeat what she has said. A correct translation of a woman saying “I don't feel heard” is: “I feel as though you don't fully understand what I really mean to say or care about how I feel. Would you show me that you are i nterested in what I have to say?”

[9] If a man really understood her complaint, then he would argue less and be able to respond more positively. When men and women are on the verge of arguing, they generally misunderstand each other. At such times, it is important to rethink or translate what they have heard. ( 660 words) 【译文】

说着不同的语言

1.当火星人和金星人最初相聚时，也遇到了我们目前存在的许多人际关系问题。他们之所以能够解决这些问题是因为他们认识到相互之间的差异。他们成功的秘诀之一就是良好的交流沟通。

2 具有讽刺意味的是，他们交流沟通的成功却是因为他们说着不同的语言。当他们遇到问题时，就去找翻译帮助。众所周知，他们每个人都清楚火星人和金星人语言不同，因此，一旦遇到冲突，他们并不去评论是非或争斗，相反，他们会掏出自己的短语词典，以便更全面地理解对方。如果这样无效的话，他们就去找翻译帮助。

3 你明白吗？你知道，火星语和金星语用的词相同，但是所表达的含义却不同，这要根据词的用法来决定。两种语言的措词尽管相似，但是措辞的内涵却不同，所侧重的情感也不同。相互之间很容易误解。因此，当交谈出现问题时，他们推断这只不过是一个误解而已，是预料中的，只要得到些许帮助他们就必定能够彼此理解。他们体验到的是一种相互间的信任和认同，这是我们今天很少能体验到的。

4 即使在今天，我们依然需要翻译。男人和女人即便用词相同，他们所表达的含义也很少相同。例如：当女人说：“我觉得你从不听我说话，”她希望对方不要从字面上理解“从不”这个词。使用“从不”这个词只不过是用来表达她此时此刻感到非常失望。不要把它当作真实的意思来理解。

5 为了充分表达她们的感受，女人们往往会把事实夸大一点以引起注意，并使用各种最高级，隐喻以及推论。男人错误地从字面上来理解这些用语。他们误解了女人想要表达的意思，便常常以不赞同的态度，来回答她们。下面列有十句女人的抱怨话，这些都是很容易被男人误解的，同时也列出了男人以不赞同的态度可能做出的回答。

容易被男人误解十种抱怨：

6 可以看出，习惯于把语言用作传达事实和信息手段的男人们，从“字面”上去理解女人的

话是怎样易于产生误解的。也可以看出，男人的回答又是怎样引起争吵的。含糊的、缺乏爱心的交流沟通是男女之间的最大问题。女人们在交往中的第一大抱怨是“我觉得没人听见我说的话。”

7 即使这种抱怨也会被误解和曲解。

8 男人从字面上去理解“我觉得没人听见我说的话”，这使他漠然地对待该抱怨。他认为只要他能重复说出她的话就表明他听到她所说的话了。对于女人所说的“我觉得没人听我说话”的正确理解是：“我觉得好像你没有完全理解我真正想说的话，或者你不关心我的感受。你能不能表示一下你对我非说不可的话感兴趣呢？”

9 如果男人能真正理解她的抱怨，那么他就会少些争吵，就能更积极地做出反应。当男人和女人到了要争吵的地步时，他们往往是误解了对方的意思。这时候，重新考虑和解释自己所听到的话是很重要的。

Unit 3 Born to Win

You cannot teach a man anything. You can only help him discover it within himself. —Galileo

[1] Each human being is born as something unique, something that never existed before. Each person is born with what he needs to win at life . A normal person can see, hear, touch, taste, and think for himself. Each has his own unique potentials—his capabilities and limitations . Each can be an important, thinking, aware, and creatively productive person in his own right—a winner.

[2] The words “winner” and “loser” have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose. Instead a winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society. A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.

[3] Few people are winners or losers all the time. It's a matter of degree. However, once a person has the capacity to be a winner, his chances are greater for becoming even more so .

[4] Achievement is not the most important thing for winners; genuineness is. The genuine person realizes his own uniqueness and appreciates the uniqueness of others.

[5] A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. He can separate facts from opinion and doesn't pretend to have all the answers. He listens to others, evaluates what they say, but comes to his own conclusions.

[6] A winner is flexible. He does not have to respond in known, rigid ways. He can change his plans when the situation calls for it. A winner has a love for life. He enjoys work, play, food, other people, and the world of nature. Without guilt he enjoys his own accomplishments. Without envy he enjoys the accomplishments of others.

[7] A winner cares about the world and its people. He is not separated from the general problems of society. He tries to improve the quality of life. Even in the face of national and international difficulty, he does not see himself as helpless. He does what he can to make the world a better place.

[8] Although people are born to win, they are also born totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the change from dependence to independence. Losers do not. Somewhere along the line losers begin to avoid becoming independent. This usually begins in childhood. Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are among the many experiences that contribute to making people losers .

[9] A loser is held back by his low capacity to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior. He may be unaware of other choices for his life if the path he chooses goes nowhere . He is afraid to try new things. He repeats not only his own mistakes and often repeats

those of his family and culture .

[10] A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love . He does not enter into close, honest, direct relationships with others. Instead, he tries to manipulate them into living up to his expectations and channels his energies into living up to their expectations. ( 511 words)

【译文】

生而成功

任何事都不可能由别人来教你，只能在别人的帮助下靠自己去发现。-----伽利略

1每个人生来都是独特的，与众不同的。每个人天生具有要在生活中赢得成功的能

力。每个正常人都能够听、读、触摸、品尝，并且思考自己的事情。每个人都要自

己特有的潜在性——能力和局限性。每个人都能凭自己的本事成为举足轻重、会思

考、明事理、创造性成果颇多的人——一个成功的人。

2“成功者”和“失败者”这两个词有多种意思。当我们把一个人称作成功者时，我们所指的并不是那种通过优势控制他人、令其失败而获得成功的人。而是一个作

出真诚回应的人，无论是作为个体或是社会的成员他都值得信赖、行动迅速。失败

者是一个未能作出真诚回应的人。

3很少有人是绝对的成功者或失败者。这（失败）只是一个程度问题。然而，当一

个人具备了成为成功者的能力时，（他）经常获得成功的可能性就会更大。

4对成功者来说成就不是最重要的；最重要的是真诚。真诚的人知道自己的独特之

处，也赞赏他人的这一特点。

5成功者是不怕独立思考并运用自己的知识的。他能把客观事实与主观意见区分开

来，而且不会装作能解决一切问题。他倾诉他人、评价他们说的话，却能得出自己

的结论。

6成功者能灵活变通。他遇事不会采用已有的、刻板的方式行事。他能根据形势的

需要改变自己的计划。成功者热爱生活。他乐于工作、喜爱游玩、享受美食、欣赏

他人和自然带来的乐趣。他心安理得地从自己的成就中享受乐趣。（他）也毫无妒忌

地欣赏他人的成绩。

7成功者关心天下、关爱世人。他关注社会上普遍存在的问题。他努力提高生活质

量。即使面对国内和国际上的难题，他也不会认为自己是无能为力的。他尽己所能，使世界变得更美好。

8即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来就要完全依赖于周围环境的。成功者顺利

地完成从依赖到独立的转变。失败者则没有做到这一点。在这一过程中的某个时候

失败者开始回避独立。这种情况通常始于童年时期。营养不良、非人道待遇、不愉

快的人际关系、疾病、长期的失望，以及身体护理不足等经历都会促使人们成为失

败者。

9失败者不善于通过一系列可能采取的作为来恰当地展现自己，这阻碍了他获取成

功。如果他所选择的生活道路毫无前途的话，他可能不知道对自己的生活还可以有

其他选择。他不敢尝试新食物。他不仅重复自身的错误而且常常重复自己家庭和文

化群体的错误。

10一个失败者很难去爱别人，也很难得到别人的爱。他不知道和家人建立亲密、真

诚、直接的关系。相反，他试图使别人按照他的期望生活，也努力使自己按他人的

期望生活。

Unit 4 Is There a Doctor in the Body?

[1] When you go to the doctor, you like to come away with a prescription. It makes you feel

better to know you will get some medicine. But the doctor knows that medicine is not always needed. Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well . In such cases the doctor may prescribe a placebo.

[2] A placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or an empty capsule. Even though they have no medicine in them, these things seem to make people well. The patient thinks it is medicine and begins to get better. How does this happen?

[3] The study of the placebo opens up new knowledge about the way the human body can heal itself. It is as if there was a doctor in each of us. The “doctor” will heal the body for us if we let it.

[4] But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body. Some people say it works because the human mind fools itself. These people say that if the mind is fooled into thinking it got medicine, then it will act as if it did , and the body will feel better.

[5] Other people say this is not so. They say that the placebo makes the wish to get better become reality. The placebo will not work if the patient knows it is a placebo. This shows that the body is not fooled by it. It seems that if patients think they have been given medicine, they will have hope. They feel that they are getting some help. This gives them a stronger will to get better, and that is what helps to heal them.

[6] Placebos do not always work. The success of this treatment seems to rest a lot with the relationship between the patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot of trust in the doctor and if the doctor really wants to help the patient, then the placebo is more likely to work. So in a way, the doctor is the most powerful placebo of all.

[7] An example of the doctor's role in making the placebo work can be seen in this study. Some patients with bleeding ulcers were put in two groups. The first group were told by a doctor that they had been given a new drug which, it was hoped, would give them some relief. The second group were told by a nurse that they had been given a new drug but that not much was known about how it would work. As a result, 70 percent of the people in the first group got much better. Only 25 percent of the people in the second group got better. And both groups had in fact been given the same thing—a placebo.

[8] The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different cases. It helps such things as seasickness, coughs, colds, and even pain after an operation. And there was an experiment done to see if a placebo could help old people stay healthy and live longer.

[9] The test was done in Romania with 150 people over the age of 60. They were put in three groups with 50 people in each group. The first group were given nothing at all. The second group were given a placebo. The third group were given a real drug and told that it would help with the problems of old age. (In fact, it was not a drug for old age at all.) The three groups were studied for many years. The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been. The second group (with the placebo) had much better health and a lower death rate. The third group (with the real drug) showed much the same results as the group that took the placebo.

[10] A placebo can also have bad effects. If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine, then they will also show a bad reaction to the placebo. This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than in your body. Some doctors still think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. They think there is still not enough known about it.

[11] And yet, the use of the placebo has been well known for hundreds of years in other countries. Tribal doctors in some African countries have known for a long time that patients will get better if they think they are going to. Many of the “treatments” they use do not seem able to make a s ick

person better, and yet such treatments work.

[12] The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. There are people who say you can heal your body by using your mind. And the interesting thing is that even people who swear this is not possible have been healed by a placebo. 【译文】

人体内有医生吗？

1 当你去看病时，你总希望走时能拿到一张药方。知道你能得到一些药，你会感觉好些。但是医生清楚并不是所有情况都需要用药。有时病人所需要的只是一个一切都会好的保证。在这种情况下，医生可能就会开安慰剂。

2 安慰剂可以是糖丸，无害的针剂，或者空的胶囊。尽管安慰剂中没有任何药的成分，但似乎也能使人康复。病人以为这就是药，然后开始好转。这究竟是怎么回事呢？

3 安慰剂的研究揭示了一个有关人体怎样自愈的新知识领域。就好像我们每个人体内都有一个医生一样。这位“医生”能治好我们的病，如果我们让他治的话。

4 但是，我们仍然不清楚安慰剂究竟是如何治病的。有些人说，它能起作用是因为人脑会欺骗自己。这些人说如果能使人脑上当, 误以为得到了药物治疗，那么人脑就会像真的得到了药物一样行事，于是病体就会好转。

5 另一些人持不同意见。他们认为病人希望身体好转，而安慰剂能促使这种愿望成真。如果病人知道是安慰剂的话，那它就没有效果了。这表明人体并没有上当受骗。情况似乎是这样：如果病人以为他们得到了药物治疗，他们就会充满希望。他们感到在得到治疗。这就使得他们更加强烈地希望身体好转，而正是这种希望有助于他们康复。

6 安慰剂并不总是有效。这种疗法是否成功在很大程度上似乎取决于病人与医生之间的关系。如果病人非常信任医生，而医生又真心想帮助病人的话，安慰剂就更有可能起作用。所以从某种意义上说，医生是最有效的安慰剂。

7 有一项研究可以作为例子来说明医生在促使安慰剂发挥效用的过程中所起的作用。一些溃疡出血的病人被分为两组。第一组病人由一位医生告诉他们用了一种新药，并且相信这种药能够缓解他们的疼痛感。第二组病人由一位护士告诉他们用了一种新药，但是药效如何却不太了解。结果，第一组中百分之七十的病人病情明显好转。第二组中只有百分之二十五的病人情况有了好转。实际上，两个组都用了同样的安慰剂。

8 人们已发现安慰剂能在很多不同的病例中发挥作用。它对于晕船、咳嗽、感冒、甚至术后疼痛这样的病症都有帮助。曾经有过一项实验来检验安慰剂是否能帮助老人健康长寿。

9 这项实验是在罗马尼亚的150名60岁以上的老人中做的。他们被分成三组，每组50人。第一组的老人什么也没给。第二组用了安慰剂。第三组用了真药，并被告知这种药对于因年老而出现的疾病有帮助（实际上它根本不是针对老年人的药）。对三个组的老人的研究持续了很多年。第一组与那个村庄里老年人一贯的状况没有什么区别。第二组（用了安慰剂的）身体要健康得多，死亡率也降低了。第三组（用了真药的）与用安慰剂的那组人结果非常一致。10 安慰剂也会有不良后果。如果病人认为药物会有不良反应，那么他们用了安慰剂之后也会显示不良反应。这似乎表明药物反应在很大程度上是心理上的而不是生理上的。一些医生仍然认为如果安慰剂有可能存在不良后果，那就不该使用。他们觉得对于安慰剂的了解还不够。

11 尽管如此，人们知道在别的一些国家安慰剂的使用已有好几百年了。在一些非洲国家,部落的医生早已知道,如果病人认为自己会好起来,他们的健康就会好转。他们采用的很多“疗法”看似不可能治好病人，但居然行之有效。12 安慰剂的奇效似乎确实表明人的精神力量比我们所想象的要更强一些。有些人认为你可以用精神来治愈自己的疾病。有趣的是甚至那些信誓旦旦认为这是不可能的人,也因为用了安慰剂而完全康复了。

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译一善良之心，久久相依当时我没有意识到，是爸爸帮我保持平衡奥古斯塔斯 , J , 布洛克 1 随着我渐渐长大，当别人看见我和爸爸在一起，我会觉得很尴尬。他身材矮小，走起路来跛得很厉害。我们一起走时，他要把手搭在我的肩上才能保持平衡，人们就会盯着我们看。对这种不必要的注意我觉得非常难堪。他也许曾注意到，或着觉得烦恼，但他从来没有流露出来。2 要协调我们的步伐并不容易，他(的步子)一瘸一拐的，我(走起来)则缺乏耐心。因此，我们走路的时候并不怎么说话。但出发时，他总是说:“你定步伐，我会尽量跟上。”3 我们通常在家和地铁之间来往，这是他上班的必由之路。不论生病还是碰到恶劣的天气他都去上班，几乎没有旷过一天工。即使别人无法上班，他也要去办公室。对他来说这是一种自豪。4 当地上有冰或雪的时候，即使有人帮忙他也无法走路。这时，我或者我的姐妹就用孩子玩的雪撬拉着他，穿过纽约布鲁克林的街道，直到地铁的入口处。一到那儿，他就能紧紧抓住扶手一直走下去, 地铁道里比较暖和，下面的楼梯不结冰。曼哈顿的地铁站正好是他办公楼的地下室，因此除了从布鲁克林我们去接他的地方到回家为止，他都不用再出去。5 一个成年男子要有多少勇气才能承受这种屈辱和压力，我现在想来惊讶不已。他从没有痛苦或抱怨，他是怎么做到这一步的我感到不可思议。6 他从不把自己当作同情的对象，也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。他在别人身上所寻找的是一颗“善心”。如果他找到了一颗善心，那么有这么颗心的人对他来说就是一位大好人了。7 由于年龄的增长，我相信那是一种用来判断人的恰当的标准，尽管我还不能精确地知道什么是一颗“善心”。但是，当我自己没有的时候，我是知道的。8 尽管很多活动我爸爸不能参加，但他还是尽量用某种方式参与。当本地的一支棒球队发现缺经理的时候，他使它维持下去。他是一个很懂行的棒球迷，经常带我去埃贝茨球场看布鲁克林的道奇队打球。

Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译讲课稿

Unit 10 Agriculture Farming for the Future [1] Every year, more people face poverty and hunger and more of the earth's resources are ruined. The problems are enormous, but many experts believe that the situation is not hopeless. The solution will require big changes in how we think about agriculture, food, and our planet. [2] First of all, farmers everywhere need to develop methods that are less destructive to the environment. The change from single crop farming to a mixed crop system would be one important step. The planting of several different crops improves the soil and helps prevent erosion. Erosion could also be prevented by planting trees to protect the fields from the wind. Another way farmers could improve the soil is to avoid deep plowing. In fact, only a slight plowing is necessary if proper methods are used. [3] If the soil were treated better, farmers would not need to use chemical fertilizers. They could use natural animal and vegetable products instead. With mixed crops, farmers would need fewer toxic chemical insecticides. They could use biological methods of controlling insects and disease. [4] Farmers could also help save the earth's precious supplies of water and petroleum. To save water, they could plant more water-efficient plants instead of the standard types of wheat or corn. They could also use watering systems that are much less wasteful. To save petroleum, farmers could make use of bio-gas generators which could be fueled by the vegetable and animal wastes of the farms. In less-developed countries, bio-gas generators could reduce the need for firewood and so help save forests, as well. [5] In less-developed countries, the small farmers need help. They need to learn more about crops that are better suited to local conditions. They need to learn how to limit erosion and make the best use of their resources. These farmers will never be successful without land and economic reform. This should be the aim of governments and international agencies. The current industrial and cash crop policies are only making the situation worse. [6] Industrialized countries could use their economic resources to help bring about these changes. They could make some changes in their own policies. At present, much food is wasted in these countries for political reasons. In Europe and in North America, tons of fruit and dairy products are thrown away every year. Eating habits, too, could be changed in these countries. For example, people often eat foods from distant places instead of local foods. The transportation of the imported foods adds to the global pollution problem. People in industrialized countries also eat a lot of meat, especially beef.

新编大学英语4课文翻译(包括课后文章翻译)和答案

Reading comprehension 1略 2 BDCAC AADBB Vocabulary 1. 1) A. entertaining B. entertainment C. entertained D. entertainer 2) A. recognizable B. recognized C. recognition 3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt 4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C. reasonable D. reason 5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analyst D. analysis 6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values D. values 7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorous D. humorless 8) A. understandable B. understanding C. understand D. misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments 4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4. 1）certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble Unit 2 便笺的力量 Reading comprehension 1略 2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFT Vocabulary 1. Creating Compound Words

新编大学英语1翻译答案

一、 1、当我知道详细情况时，我意识到我不该在办公室发脾气。 When I knew the details ,I realized that I shouldn’t have lost the temper at the office. 2、我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔出去喝一杯。 I don’t know Bob very well ,but we go out for a drink occasionally. 3、会议应该在周二召开，但我们不得不推迟。 The meeting is supposed to be held on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 4、我国政府采取行动使那个国家的所以中国人回到了祖国。 Our government took action to get all the Chinese back to homeland in that country. 5、包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。 Including the weekend ,there is only 12days to buy Charismas presents. 6、如不立即采取行动，许多野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。 Without taking action immediately ,many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger. 三、 1、除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。 You won’t got this job unless you have got the experience. 2、我把大部分时间都花在研究中美文化差异上了。 Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. 3、这句话意思很清楚，绝不会引起误会。 This sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. 4、他希望能给予她比现在更多的帮助。 He hopes he could give her more help than he does. 5、要记得邀请她来参加生日晚会，不然她会抱怨的。 Remember to invite her to the birthday party ,or she would complain. 6、主任说，你必须把购置设备的2500美元加到成本中去。 The Director said ,you have to add 2500 dollars for equipment purchase to the cost. 7、了解自己的长处、弱点以及所处的环境很重要。 It’s important to be aware of your strengths, weaknesses and the environment you are in. 8、如果你继续对大家这么粗鲁，不久你就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。 You will find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everyone. 四、 1、做出贡献的人太多了，无法一一提及。 The individuals who have contributed are far too many to mention. 2、半夜里，嘈杂声把我们吵醒了。 The noise woke us up in the middle of the night. 3、他不应该对我说的话感到生气，那仅仅是个玩笑而已。 He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said, it was nothing more than a joke. 4、我们邀请了所以的朋友去野餐，但是由于下雨只来了其中5位。 We invited all our friends to the picnic ,but it rained and only 5 of them showed up. 5、婚姻被视为一件严肃的事。 Marriage is viewed as a serious matter. 6、令我失望的是，这部电影并不像我期待得那么好。 To my disappointment ,the movie didn’t live up to my expectations. 七、

新编大学英语2课文原文

【1-A】 A Good Heart to Lean On ore than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Augustus J. Bullock [1] When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on. [2] It was difficult to coordinate our steps—his halting, mine impatient—and because of that, we didn't say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. ” [3] Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was how he got to work. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not. It was a matter of pride for him. [4] When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sisters or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn , N.Y. , on a child's sleigh to the subway entrance. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept ice-free. In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home. [5] When I think of it now, I marvel at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such indignity and stress. And I marvel at how he did it—without bitterness or complaint. [6] He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a “good heart”, and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him. [7] Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still don't know precisely what a “good heart” is. But I know the times I don't have one myself. [8] Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. He was a knowledgeable baseball fan and often took me to Ebbets Field to see the Brooklyn Dodgers play. He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. [9] On one memorable occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. He wasn't content to sit and watch, but he couldn't stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, “I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! I'll fight anyone who will sit dow n with me! ” [10] Nobody did. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive even before the bout began. [11] I now know he participated in some things vicariously through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too. When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. ” Those words were never said aloud. [12] He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of another's good fortune, when I don't have a “good heart”. [13] At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, “You se t the pace. I will try to adjust to you.” ( 703 words)

新编大学英语4unit2book4听力原文和答案核对版

Part 1 Listening 1 Ex1: C A D C B Ex2: 1) approaching 2) left 3) toilet 4) locked 5) Tickets please 6) pushed 7) stamped Scripts: Two Belgians and two Dutchmen traveled regularly to work on the same train. After a while the Dutchmen saw that the two Belgians only had one ticket between them and asked how they managed to achieve this. The Belgians explained that when they heard the conductor approaching from the other end of the carriage, the two of them left their seats, went into the toilet and locked the door. When the conductor knocked on the toilet door, saying, "Tickets, please!", they pushed one ticket under the door. It was then stamped and pushed back under the door again. The Dutchmen thought this was a very good idea and the following morning bought one ticket between them. When they got to their carriage there was only one Belgian. They told him what they had done and asked the Belgian if he had a ticket as he was traveling on his own. The Belgian said he did not have a ticket at all and when they asked how he proposed to manage to travel free of charge, he told them they would have to wait and see until the conductor arrived, but he had no doubt that he would manage it without difficulty. As soon as they heard the conductor coming, the two Dutchmen immediately went to the toilet and locked the door. A few moments later, the Belgian followed them down the corridor and knocked on the toilet door, saying, "Tickets, please!" One ticket appeared under the door. Questions: 1. Where did the story take place 2. What did the two Dutchmen want to know from the two Belgians 3. How did the Dutchmen feel about the Belgians' behavior 4. What did the Belgian do when asked if he had a ticket 5. Who finally managed to travel free of charge Listening 2 Ex1: 1 department store 2. attend college 3. difficult 4. physical education 5. terrified Ex2: FTTFT Scripts: My name is Atsuko Saeki. I work as a salesclerk in a big department store in Fuji, Japan. Six years ago when I was 21 years old, I went to California to attend college. Life in the United States was much more difficult than I had ever imagined. It wasn't like the descriptions I had read in my textbooks. People often seemed tense and so I felt very alone. One of my hardest classes was physical education. We often played volleyball. All the other students were good at it, but I clearly wasn't. One afternoon, the teacher asked me to hit the ball to my classmates. For most people, this would be easy but I was terrified that I would make a fool of myself. When one of the boys on my team saw how nervous I was, he walked up to me and whispered, "Come on, you can do that." You can't imagine how those words of encouragement made me feel. I was so happy that I almost cried. I managed to hit the ball and I think I thanked the young man, but I'm not sure. I have never forgotten his kind words of encouragement. He probably doesn't even remember what he said to me or how much his kindness meant to me. Whenever things aren't going well, I think of those simple words of encouragement: Come on, you can do that.

Unit-6-A-World-of-Mystery新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译

Unit 6 A World of Mystery The Bermuda Triangle [1] On 5th December 1945, Flight 19, which consisted of five US Navy planes, took off from Fort Lauderdale, Florida in fine weather. There was a total of fourteen men on board the planes. The planes were in good condition; they had the best equipment on board including compasses and radios, and they also carried life rafts. The planes could float on water for ninety seconds. One and a half hours after the take-off, a radio message from one of the planes was heard at the control tower at Fort Lauderdale. [2] "I don't know where we are." [3] After that the planes could no longer speak to the control tower, but they could speak to and hear each other, and the control tower could hear them. [4] "The magnetic compass is going crazy." [5] "We're completely lost." [6] No other messages were heard after that. Nobody else heard from the planes or saw them again. Three hundred planes and many boats searched the area, but not one trace of Flight 19 was found. Then one of the planes that was sent to look for them also disappeared completely. [7] These planes had disappeared in a very mysterious part of the world in the western Atlantic Ocean where lots of strange events have taken place. The mystery started long before 1945, and since that year many other ships and planes have also disappeared in this area. It is called the Bermuda Triangle. It is a large, triangular area of the ocean with the island of Bermuda at its northern tip. [8] Planes and ships disappear in other parts of the world, but there are more disappearances in the Triangle than in other areas. For years now scientists and others have been puzzled by this mystery. There have been many attempts to explain why people, planes and ships disappear in such high numbers here . [9] One writer, John Spencer, believes that the ships and planes have been carried off from the sea and sky by flying saucers or UFOs from another planet. Since there are millions of other planets in the universe, Spencer believes there must be other intelligent creatures somewhere in the universe. These creatures are interested in collecting humans and their equipment so that they can examine them carefully. [10] Another theory is that the geography of the area is responsible for the disappearances of the ships and planes. Bermuda lies on an earthquake belt. Underwater earthquakes result in large waves appearing suddenly. These waves are so big that they can break a ship into pieces. In the air, a similar thing can happen to airplanes because of

新编大学英语(浙大版)第二单元2-2 课文

Unit 2 Psychology in Our Daily Life After-Class Reading PASSAGE I The Psychology of Money New Words account * n. 账户，户头 e.g. I opened an account at my bank in your name. charge accounts 赊欠户，赊欠帐 actually * adv. in fact, really 实际上 e.g. I didn't actually see her--I just heard her voice. addicted * adj. unable to stop doing or using something, especially something harmful 上瘾的，沉湎于......的 e.g. She's become addicted to love stories. addiction n. 瘾，沉溺 advertise * v. 为......做广告，宣传 advertiser * n. 广告商 alcohol * n. drinks that can make people drunk, such as beer, wine, and whisky 酒 amount * n. a collection or mass (especially of something which cannot be counted) 数量，数额 e.g. I still do a certain amount of work for them. assignment * n. task, homework 任务，作业 e.g. The student's assignment was to write a book report.

新编大学英语3课文原文

Book 3 Unit 1 Personality The Misery of Shyness Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. All kinds of people describe themselves as shy: short, tall, dull, intelligent, young, old, slim, overweight. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly swirling in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? I'm ugly. I'm wearing unattractive clothes. It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. For instance, people who have a positive sense of self-worth or high self-esteem usually act with confidence. Because they have self-assurance, they do not need constant praise and encouragement from others to feel good about themselves. Self-confident people participate in life enthusiastically and spontaneously. They are not affected by what others think they "should" do. People with high self-esteem are not hurt by criticism; they do not regard criticism as a personal attack. Instead, they view a criticism as a suggestion for improvement. In contrast, shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good. I know it's not true." It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is detrimental, or harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. For example, most people would like to be "A" students in every subject. It is not fair for them to label themselves as inferior because they have difficulty in some areas. People's expectations of themselves must be realistic. Dwelling on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy, and even feelings of envy, or jealousy. We