高三英语单项选择考点精讲精练-名词性从句

高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼

第10讲单项选择——名词性从句

名词性从句中连接词的正确选用that，wh-引导的名词性从句及某些特殊词后所跟的宾；Ak 句名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别

(延边F)经典易错题会诊

(延边F)名词性从句中连接词的正确选用

1. (延边F) (典型例题精选)Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.

A. why

B. what

C. who

D. that

(延边F) [考场错解]B或D

(延边F) [专家把脉]许多考生都误以为what在本题中充当failed的宾语，或认为空格后不缺成分，故选B或D。实际上就本题而言，不难看出句意为“玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为何在比赛中失败的文章”，所以应该选用强调原因的why。

(延边F) [对症下药] A

2. (延边F)( 典型例题精选) Damby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.

A. who

B. that

C. as

D. which

(延边F) [考场错解] A

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题考查同位语从句，that只起引导词的作用，不充当任何句子成分。

(延边F) [对症下药] B

3.(延边F)( 典型例题精选) The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.

A. where

B. how

C. what

D. which

(延边F) [考场错解] D

(延边F) [专家把脉] 介词for后的从句中he thought为插入语，若将其略去，从句中缺少主语。若用which则须有一定范围。

(延边F) [对症下药] C

4. (延边F)( 典型例题精选—Could you do me a favour? —It depends on it is.

A. which

B. whichever

C. what

D. whatever

(延边F) [考场错解] D

(延边F) [专家把脉] what引导的从句做介词on的宾语，what在从句中作is的表语。

(延边F) [对症下药] C

5. (延边F) (典型例题精选Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

A. where

B. when

C. how

D. what

(延边F) [考场错解] D

(延边F)[专家把脉]本题考查when引导的宾语从句。句意为：“请提醒我他说他要离开的时间，我可能去送他。”

(延边F) [对症下药] B

6. (延边F) (典型例题精选There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

A. that

B. which

C. until

D. if

(延边F) [考场错解] D

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题考查that引导的同位语从句。that在从句中不做成分。

(延边F) [对症下药] A

(延边F)专家会诊

1．(延边F)that引导名词性从句时，在从句中无意义，不作成分，只起到连接作用，在宾语从句中可省略。

He told me（that）he would leave soon．

2．(延边F)what与that在名词性从句中的区别。

mght：What he said was true．

这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词said的宾语，意思是：“·…··话”或“……事”，此句中不能用that。

That he came late made the teacher angry．

这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。(延边F)考场思维训练

1 (延边F)I try to understand prevents them from being as happy as one might expect although they are so rich.

A. that

B. what

C. it

D. whether

1．B解析：what引导宾语从句。

2 (延边F)The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and

I could have the money without delay.

A. what

B. that

C. !

D. whether3

2．B解析：that只起连接词作用，本身无意义。

3 (延边F)I have found out . they will ask to lead the victory march on Saturday.

A. when

B. where

C. whom

D. what

3．c解析：whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。

(延边F)that．Wh-引导的名词性从句及幕些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句

1. (典型例题精选) As soon as he comes back, I will tell him when and see him.

A. you will come

B. will you come

C. you come

D. do you come

(延边F) [考场错解] B

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题是when引导的一个宾语从句，在名词性从句中，其从句部分一律用陈述语序，故应该用you will come。

(延边F) [对症下药] A

2. (延边F) (典型例题精选) The old lady' s hand shook frequently, sheexplained to her doctor this shaking had begunhalf a year before, and , only

because of this,

she had been forced to give up her job.

A. when ; how

B. how; when

C. how; how

D. why; why

(延边F) [考场错解] B

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填when，其实在前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工作的”。

(延边F) [对症下药] C

3. (延边F) (典型例题精选)Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer it was 20 years ago, __ __ poorly equipped.

A. what ; when

B. that; which

C. what ; which

D. which ; that

(延边F) [考场错解] C

(延边F)[专家把脉]本题考查表语从句。第一空为what引导的表语从句且what在从句中作表语。第二空when后跟过去分词作定语。

(延边F) [对症下药] A

4. (延边F)(典型例题精选What we used to think impossible now does seem possible.

A. is

B. was

C. has been

D. will be

(延边F) [考场错解] A

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题考查what引导的主语从句中动词时态的选择。now为主句中的时间状语，从句中含有used to。可知答案为B。

(延边F) [对症下药] B

5. (延边F) (典型例题精选team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A. No matter what

B. No matter which

C. Whatever

D. Whichever

(延边F) [考场错解] C

(延边F)[专家把脉] 本题考查主语从句。whatever引导主语从句时做从句中的某一成分，而本题中whichever修饰从句中的主语team，可知答案为D。

(延边F) [对症下药] D

6.(延边F)( 典型例题精选) See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.

A. when

B. which

C. where

D. what

(延边F) [考场错解]C或B

(延边F) [专家把脉]本题考查表语从句。when，where在从句中做状语，而本题从句中缺少宾语，可知答案为D。

(延边F) [对症下药] D

7. (延边F) (典型例题精选It' s thirty years since we last met.

—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. when

(延边F) [考场错解] D

(延边F) [专家把脉] 本题考查同位语从句，believe it or not为插入成分，如选when 则与从句中on a rainy night重复，可知答案为B。

(延边F) [对症下药] B

(延边F)专家会诊

1．(延边F)that引导的宾语从句中，that通常可以省略。

He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow．他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。

2．(延边F)形容词后所跟的宾语从句某些动态形容词(afraid，confident，aware，cer- tain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。

例句：l am confident that I Can get the job．我有信心我可以得到这份工作。

(延边F)考场思维训练

1 (延边F)We can' t figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.

A. that

B. as

C. why

D. when

1．C解析：考查宾语从句，figure out意为“计算出”。动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。

2 (延边F) A modern city has been set up in was a waste land ten years ago.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

2．A解析：what此时作介词set up in的宾语并在宾语从句中充当主语。

3 (延边F)Mr. Smith suggested that all of the students their exercise books.

A. handed in

B. should hand in

C. handing in

D. that hand in

3．B解析：尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但suggest后若跟宾语从句，则从句部分应用should do结构。

4 (延边F) After five hours' drive, they reached theythought was the place they' d been dreaming of.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

4．D解析：reach后缺少宾语，所以后面接的是宾语从句。在宾语从句中又缺少主语。

5 (延边F) It is certain little Tom can work out such a difficult problem.

A. whether

B. that

C. if

D. when

5．B解析：某些特殊形容词，如sure，certain，doubtful等后可用that来引导宾语从句。

(延边F)探究开放题解答

(延边F)综合问题1

(延边F)名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序．不能用疑问语序

1. (延边F) ( 经典题)These photographs will show you_ .

A. what our village looks like

B. what does our village look like

C. how our village look like

D. how does our village look like

(延边F) [解题思路] 本题中空格部分明显作动词show的宾语，由于look like是及物动词短语，本句中缺少宾语，故应选用能充当宾语的what，排除C、D答案。在A、B答案中，由于what引导的从句作宾语，即是一个宾语从句，所以应该用陈述语序，B项显然是疑问语序。

(延边F) [解答] A

(延边F)综合问题2

(延边F)t hat引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1. (延边F)The news our team won the match was true.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

D. why

(延边F) [解题思路]在本句中，that在从句中不作成分，删去后为，rhe news was tme，意思完整，因此是个同位语从句。判断是定语从句还是同位语从句，关键看that从句部分有无意义，是否作句子成分。

(延边F) [解答] B

2. (延边F) (典型例题精选warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.

A. if

B. when

C. that

D. which

(延边F) [解题思路] 在本句中that在从句中不做任何成分，引导同位语从句。

(延边F) [解答] C

(延边F)综合问题3

(延边F)whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别

1. (延边F)we' 11 go camping next week depends on the weather.

A. ff

B. Whether

C. That

D. Where

(延边F) [解题思路] 尽管whether和if都作“如果．是否”理解，但if不能引导主语从句＼同位语从句和表语从句，而whether却可以引导。

(延边F) [解答] B

(延边F)规律总结

whether和if在名词性从句中的区别。下列情况只用whetIlef不用if：1．引导主语从句时。2．引导表语从句时。3．引导同位语从句时。4．作介词宾语时。5．其后紧跟or not 时。6．其后跟不定式时。

(延边F)考场思维训练

1. (延边F) Can you tell me ?

A. who is that woman

B. who the woman is

C. whom is the woman

D. that woman is

1．B解析：who引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序。

2. (延边F) Father made a promise I passed the examina tion he would buy me a new dictionary.

A. that

B. if

C. whether

D. that if

2．D解析：that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中还包含一个．f引导的条件状语从句。

3. (延边F)There is some doubt she will be able to repay the money on time.

A. that

B. if

C. what

D. whether

3．D解析：doubt意为“怀疑”，其后的从句只能用whether而不能用if引导。若前面有否定词，则用that引导。

(延边F)考点高分解题综合训练

I．(延边F)单项选择

1 (延边F) ( 典型例题精选) Doris' success lies in the fact she is cooperative and eager to learn from others.

A. which

B. that

C. when

D. why

1．B解析：本题考查同位语从句。which不引导同位语从句，when和why分别表示时间和原因。

2 (延边F) ( 典型例题精选) These shoes look very good. I wonder .

A. how much cost they are

B. how much do they cost

C. how much they cost

D. how much are they cost

2．c解析：宾语从句中应用陈述语序。

3 (延边F) (典型例题精选makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

A. What

B. Who

C. Whatever

D. Whoever

3．A解析：本题考查主语从句，what做从句中的主语。

4 (延边F) (典型例题精选With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased be was a man of action.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

4．B解析：本题考查形容词后所跟的从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。

5 (延边F) I shall never forget 9 a.m. on Oct, 12,典型例题精选e most exciting moment, Shen Zhou VI was launched, is always making me think of I can do more for my homeland.

A. that; which ; which

B. which ; that ; that

C. when ; as ; what

D. when ; which ; how

5．D解析：when引导的是同位语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句；how作do

的状语，引导宾语从句。

6 (延边F)Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.

A. /

B. whether

C. how

D. what

6．B解析：whether引导宾语从句作tell的宾语。

7 (延边F)The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.

A. whichever

B. however

C. whatever

D. whenever

7．C解析：accept后跟宾语从句。题干中没有给出选择范围，所以用whatever而不用whichever。

8 (延边F)I was surmised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made.

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. which

8．A解析：recognize后的宾语从句中用what修饰mistakes，故选A。

9 (延边F)Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.

A. why

B. what

C. who

D. which

9．A解析：介词on后为宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应用连接副词why，故选A。

10 (延边F)The way he did it was different we were used to.

A. in which

B. in what

C. from what

D. from which

10．C解析：本题考查宾语从句。be different from为习惯搭配，所以本题选择from what。what作为from的介词宾语从句的连接词使用，同时在从句中充当to的宾语。

11 (延边F)The teacher demanded that our examination paper handed in at once.

A. be

B. must be

C. would be

D. had to be

11．A解析：某些动词，如demand，suggest，order等后接that从句时用should do 结构，should可以省略。

12 (延边F)We all agree with him on he said.

A. what

B. that

C. why

D. how

12．A解析：置于介词后的宾语从句一般不用that引导。本句充当said的宾语，故用what。

13 (延边F)We must do well the party assigns us to do.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. those

13．B解析：充当do的宾语，作句子成分，此时不能用that。

14 (延边F)I will give this dictionary to wants to have it.

A. whomeverB, whoever C. whatever D. wherever

14．B解析：空缺处既作to的宾语，同时又作后一分句的主语，此时只能用whoever。若用whomever，则从句缺少主语。

15 (延边F) I' m sorry your mother is ill.

A. whom

B. if

C. that

D. how

15．c解析：主语+be+形容词+that．．．结构。

16 (延边F)We think it important we should keep the bal ance of nature.

A. whether

B. what

C. that

D. which

16．B解析：that引导宾语从句后置，it为形式宾语。

17 (延边F)I hope happy while you are here.

A. you to be

B. for your being

C. you will be

D. you being

17．C解析：希望某人做某事，不可用hope sb．to do sth．hope 后不接动名词结构，但可接宾语从句。

18 (延边F)We all know the news he told her.

A. to which

B. !

C. what

D. at that

18．B解析：定语从句。

19 Word has come some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.

A. what

B. that

C. whether

D. when

19．B解析：同位语从句，that不充当成分。

20 (延边F) Things were not they seemed to be.

A. what

B. because

C. that

D. where

20．A解析：what引导表语从句。

21 (延边F) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D. had been broken

21．C解析：在as if引导的表语从句中，谓语动词有时可用虚拟语气，如本题中“铅笔似乎断了”实际上未断。

22 (延边F)The reason I plan to go is if I don' t.

A. because she will be disappointed

B. that she will be disappointed

C. because she will be disappointed

D. on account of she will have a disappointed

22．B解析：that引导表语从句。

23 (延边F)the old man's sons wanted to know was the gold had been hidden.

A. That ; what

B. What ; where

C. What; that

D. What ; if

23．B解析：what引导主语从句，where引导表语从句。

24 (延边F) What a pity is you didn' t arrive by daylight.

A. there ; because

B. it; that

C. he ; when

D. that; for

24．B解析：it充当形式主语，此句结构可还原成：It is a pity that．．．。

25 (延边F)we can' t get seems better than we have.

A. What ; what

B. What ; that

C. That ; that

D. That ; what

25．A解析：前一个what引导主语从句，且作get的宾语，后一个what作have的宾语。

26 (延边F) It' s not yet clear of those will be chosen to do the job.

A. that

B..whom

C. which

D. whose

26．c解析：which表选择关系，引导主语从句，it为形式主语。

27 (延边F) It is probable he told her everything.

A. who

B. which

C. why

D. that

27．D解析：It is/was+形容词+that结构。

28 (延边F)It doesn' t matter I rest or not.

A. if

B. whether

C. that

D. when

28．B解析：引导主语从句时不能用if。

29 (延边F)is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.

A. That

B. He

C. What

D. It

29．D解析：it做形式主语。

30 (延边F)breaks the law should be punished.

A. No matter who

B. Whoever

C. All

D. Who

30．B解析：whoever引导主语从句，no matter who虽语意相同，但不能引导主语从句。

Ⅱ．(延边F)完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31—50各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a res- taurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I 31 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction, 32 he knew me. The man had a newspaper 33 in front of him, which he was 34 to read, but I could 35 that he was keeping an eye on me. When the waiter brought my 36 the man was clearly puz- zled( 困惑)by the 37 way in which the waiter and I 38 each other. He seened even more puzzled as 39 went on and it became 40 that all the waiters in the res- taurant knew me. Finally he got.

Up and went into the 41 . When he came out,he paid his bill and 42 without another glance in my direction.

I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 43 ."Well,"he said,"that man ws a detective(侦探). He 44 you here because he thought you were the man he 45 ". "what?" I said, showing my 46 The owner continued," He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I 47 say he looked very much like you! Of course, since we know you, we told him that he had made a 48 Well,it's really 49 I came to a restaurant where I' m known," I said. " 50 , I might have been in trouble. "

31. (延边F)A. knew B. understood C. noticed D. recognized

32. (延边F)A. since B. ever if C. though D. as if

33. (延边F)A. flat B. open C. cut D. fixed

34. (延边F)A. hoping B. thinking C. pretending D. continuing3

35. (延边F)A. see B. find C. guess D. learn

36. (延边F)A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food

37. (延边F)A. dircet B. familiar C. strange D. funny

38. (延边F)A. chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talked about

39. (延边F)A. the waiter B. time C. I D. the dinner

40. (延边F)A. true B. hopeful C. clear D. possible

41. (延边F)A. restaurant B. washroom C. office D. kitchen

42. (延边F)A. left B. acted C. sat down D. calmed down

43. (延边F)A. wanted B. tried C. ordered D. wished

44. (延边F)A. met B. caught C. followed D. discovered

45. (延边F)A. was to beat B. was dealing with C. was to meet D. was looking for

46. (延边F)A. care B. surprise C. worry D. regret

47. (延边F)A. must B. can C. need D. may

48. (延边F)A. dieovery B. mistake C. decision D. fortune

49. (延边F)A. a pity B. natural C. a chance D. lucky

50. (延边F)A. Thus B. However C. Otherwise D. Therefore

31．c解析：“注意到”一个人在我身边，其他三项均不合句意。、

32．D解析：“好像”认识我。

33．B解析：那个人打开一张报纸放在前面，其他三项均没有“打开”之意。

34．C解析：“假装”看报。

35．A解析：表示看到的结果用see，不用find。

36．D解析：用餐时拿来的当然是食物。T

37．B解析：familiar意为“相同的，相似的”。

38．A解析：chatted with意为“闲聊”，符合语境。

39．B解析：As time went on为固定用法，意为“随着时间推移”。

40．c解析：clear意为“明显”，此处只有clear符合语境。

41．D解析：下文有提示。

42．A解析：付钱后离开了。

43．A解析：细节理解题。

44．c解析：follow此处意为“尾随”。

45．D解析：“我”就是该侦探要找的那个人。

46．B解析：细节推理题。

47．A解析：细节理解题。

48．B解析：make a mistake意为“犯了错误”。

49．D解析：我因到了这家餐馆而倍感“幸运”。

50．C解析：otherwise意为“否则，不然”，符合语境。

Ⅲ．(延边F)短文改错

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下画横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Dear friends,

It is real a good chance to have met all of you here.

51.

We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the

52.

English Club, although we have been members for a short

53.

period of time,we have made a great progress,that is

54.

because we are all very much active and the activities are not

55.

only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides,the foreign teachers

56.

here work hard and try his best to make the activities

57.

lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of

58.

us greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am

59.

looking forward to see all of you again in the near future !

60.

Thank you.

51．real改为really 52．weekend改为weekends53．正确54．去掉a55．去掉much56．and改为but57．his改为their 58．interested改为interesting59．us后加上have60．see改为seeing

(延边F)考点小资料

名词性从句中的that及其他词的用法

1．(延边F)that引导的主语从句

that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末，在实际应用中常常采用it做形式主语形式。

That he passed the English test is true．→It is true that he passed the Enhlish test．2．(延边F)形式主语的四个主要句型

(1)It+be+名词+that从句

It is a pity that…可惜的是，用于此句型的名词还有fact/shame/honor/question等。

(2)It+be+形容词+that从句

It is certain that．．．很肯定，可用于此句型的形容词还有

clear/better/natural/important/necessary。

(3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句

It is said that．．．据说，可用于此句型的过去分词还有believed/known/reported等。

(4)It+不及物动词+that从句

如：It seems that…好像是……似乎……可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen，appear等。

3．(延边F)that引导的表语从句基本结构：主语+系动词+that从句

例句：

The fact is that we have lost the game．

4．(延边F)wh-疑问词引导的表语从句

That is why I tell you the news．那就是我为什么告诉你这个消息的原因。

5．(延边F)从属连词as if，because，just as等引导的表语从句

It is because I have ever heard of the story．那是因为我曾经听说过这个故事。

6．同位语从句

同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, informa- tion, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, repuest, suggestion, truth, wish, word 等。