(完整版)英汉--汉英翻译教程彭长江版(11--20课答案

第11课

1. 英国的足球运动让外国人最感意外的情况之一就是,这种运动连最小的男孩也似乎了如指掌。

2. 在英国，大多数学校都重视足球——比欧洲大陆几乎所有的学校都重视得多。

3. 当地村民，以不透露村庄名字为条件，给我们提供了详细情况。

4. 他们被招募为这些战斗人员炸出新的洞穴群。

5. 这些话表明，—些为美国提供情报的人在耍两面派。

人类与地球（节选）

本世纪，在确定人类与地球关系的物质现实状况的两个因素方面发生了重大变化：一是人口突然惊人地增长——每十年增加相当于一个中国的人口；二是科学技术革命突然加速/ 突飞猛进，几乎难以想象地扩展了我们以焚烧、砍伐、挖掘、搬运、和转化构成地球的物质的方式来影响周围世界的能力/ 扩展了我们影响周围世界的能力，方式是焚烧、砍伐、挖掘、搬运和转化构成地球的物质。

人口剧增既是人类与地球关系发生变化的原因之一，又是显示/ 说明这一变化之惊人最显著的事例之一，从历史背景来看，尤其如此。自20万年前现代人出现到裘利斯·恺撒时代，地球上生活的人类还不到二亿五千万。1500年后，克里斯托弗·哥伦布扬帆启航去寻找新世界时，地球上大约有5亿人口。到1776年托马斯·杰斐逊起草《独立宣言》时，人口又翻了一番，到了10亿。到本世纪中叶，第二次世界大战结束时，人口刚好超过20亿。

同人口爆炸的情形一样，在18世纪，科技革命开始缓缓加速。这场不断发展的革命也突然以翻番的方式加速进行了。例如，现在许多科学领域有一句公论：近十年重大的发现比以往整个科学史上还要多。诚然，任何单一的新发现对于人类和地球的关系所造成的影响都不及/ 比不上核武器对人类和战争的关系所造成的影响那么深远。然而，这些科学发现合在一起，就从根本上改变了人类开发地球以求生存的累积的能力，使得不加节制的开发的后果不堪设想，同不加节制的核战争的后果毫无二致/ 一模一样/ 如出一辙。这是千真万确的。

第12课

1. 青春是生命之泉深处的一股清新。

2. 旁白这个角色和公主那个角色完全一样重要。

3. 简对自己的家庭主妇的角色感到厌倦与无奈，想更多地参与到家庭以外的社会生活中去。

4. 我读三年级时，有一天的午餐（情景）我会终生难忘/ 永远难以怀忘。

5. 无论我在家里背台词多么容易，一上舞台就一个字也记不起来了。

Greening Our Future (II)

Ancient Chinese philosophers repeatedly / time and again / over and over again emphasized / stressed man’s integration with nature as a supreme virtue / that man’s integration with nature was a supreme virtue. Some advocated the golden mean / the doctrine of the (golden) mean / the middle road, and others (advocated) peacefulness with the world. These sparks of wisdom, unfortunately, / It is unfortunate that these sparks of wisdom have been obscured by history for two thousand years. Now it is time to convert / transform / change / turn these ideas into action // put these ideas into practice.

Before I came to Britain, I read in the paper that, to prevent further soil erosion / the soil (from) being further eroded, local governments in western China have prohibited / forbidden felling and provided new jobs for former timber cutters. I felt / was relieved to read that. But, at the same time, I was concerned / worried that many people still ignored / turned a blind eye to the destruction of nature / the destruction that nature suffered. The environmental issue is ultimately a social issue. / In the final analysis, the environmental issue is a social issue. As long as / So long as there are people who pursue / seek short-term benefits at the expense of nature / at the cost of sacrificing nature, nature will continue to suffer. We should have long-term plans to use technology to restore nature / to restore nature by technological means instead of robbing / plundering her // rather than rob / plunder her; we should show greater care and love for Mother Nature and for all her children.

I was born in a province in western China, where I once met a retired timber cutter. He told me that, before his retirement / before he retired, he was awarded a medal as the first man in China to cut 100,000 trees. After his retirement, however, he made up his mind to plant / that he would plant twice as many trees as // twice /

double the trees he had cut down. Up to now, he has been planting trees for a dozen years or so. I can still recall / call to mind his weather-beaten face, and his big, coarse hands. I wish him to be still healthy. I wish the trees he has planted to be thriving / flourishing / luxuriant. And most of all / above all / most importantly, I hope that, just as this old man has been doing, all of us will give nature back / pay nature back / repay nature twice as much as we take from her. Working with our own hands, we will green our future.

第13课

1. 这种气质往往见于60岁的老人/ 老翁，而不大见于20岁的小伙子/ 后生。

2. 我的一位曾祖母活到92岁，直到临终都（是）令儿孙望而生畏（的人）。

3. 我有七十二个孙儿孙女，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的日子就惨了。

4. 另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年轻人呆在一起，希望从青年的活力中汲取力量。

5. 大约一年半以前，吉姆额头上长了个肿块，做手术把它切除了。

奴隶制度与资本主义（二）

这就是说/ 这意味着，在从十五世纪至十九世纪末的四百年中，非洲因被抓去当奴隶或被屠杀而丧失了约六千五百万至七千五百万人；而且，这些人是非洲人中的精华，因为在通常情况下，人们不会把老弱病残抓去当奴隶。非洲各国人民能在这场空前的浩劫中幸存下来，而且今天比以前任何时候人数都更多，组织得更好，甚至即将获得彻底的民族解放，确实是人类历史的一大奇迹。

但是，非洲对欧洲资本主义、美洲殖民地以及美国资本主义的发展做出的最主要贡献，当然不在于奴隶贸易本身——尽管那是有利可图的——而在于奴隶制，在于上千万的黑人在长达两个多世纪的时间里被迫从事的无偿劳动/ 无偿的强迫劳动。

在说明美国资本主义发展迅速、规模巨大的原因时，史学家们指出了几个因素,这是正确的：一是美国幅员辽阔，资源极其丰富；二是远离 / 没有遭受欧洲那种连续不断的毁灭性战乱，战乱使美国的竞争对手倒退，而美国资产阶级却从中获取暴利；三是好几代人的时间里，欧洲人、亚洲人和拉丁美洲人移居美国，带来了技术和体力（还带来了种族差异，统治和剥削他们也因此而更

加容易）。四是长期存在着资产阶级民主共和国这种适合资本主义早期发展和成熟的理想的政权形式 / 存在着资产阶级民主共和国，这是适合资本主义早期发展和成熟的理想的政权形式。所有这些因素都具有重大的意义。

第14课

1. We must live up to/be worthy of the expectations of our families and society.

2. He had no choice but to / could do nothing but pull up his car, waiting for the train to pass.

3. You are to answer for that.

4. I could tell something from the tone of his voice．

5. A tremendous weight has been lifted from my mind．

The May 4th Movement

After World War I, the imperialists intensified / stepped up their aggression against China while / and the Northern Warlord government resorted to compromise and capitulation externally / to foreign powers and to ruthless / cruel oppression of the people internally / at home, // the Northern Warlord government compromised and capitulated externally / to foreign powers and ruthlessly / cruelly oppressed the people internally / at home, plunging / throwing China into a serious / grave national crisis. China’s diplomatic failure at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference aroused great indignation among the Chinese people // China failed diplomatically at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, arousing / evoking great indignation among the Chinese people. On May 4, over / more than 3,000 Beijing students / students in Beijing gathered / assembled / rallied on Tian An Men Square and held a demonstration / demonstrated, shouting such slogans as / slogans, such as / slogans, like “Defend our sovereignty; punish the traitors!” and “Abolish the Twenty-one Demands!”They demanded the punishment of / that the government punish the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang, and set fire to Cao’s house and gave Zhang a sound beating / beat Zhang soundly. The government called out troops and police to suppress the movement and over thirty students were arrested / with over thirty students arrested // to suppress the students, more than thirty of whom were arrested.

On June 3, Beijing students organized speech teams to engage in / carry on

large-scale propaganda. The government intensified its suppression of the students, arresting 170 or so of them // The suppression of the students by the government went from bad to worse / became even worse / was intensified, and 170 or so of them were arrested / with 170 or so of them arrested. After the June 3rd Incident, the patriotic May 4th Movement, participated in chiefly by young students, developed / grew / snowballed into a nationwide revolutionary movement participated in jointly by the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie. The proletariat became the main force of the movement. Workers in Shanghai, Tangshan, Changxindian and Jiujiang went successively on strike and demonstrated / held demonstrations. For the first time, the Chinese working class emerged on the political arena / mounted the political stage as a conscious independent political force, displaying / exhibiting // and displayed / exhibited its great strength.

Under the pressure of the nation’s patriotic anti-imperialist struggle, the Northern Warlord government was forced / compelled to release the arrested students, to remove / dismiss the three traitors from office // to deprive / strip the three traitors of their offices, and to refuse to sign the “peace treaty” with Germany.

A preliminary / An initial victory had been won in the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle.

The May 4th Movement, a thorough and uncompromising revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism, which promoted the integration of the Chinese workers’ movement with Marxism and paved the way / prepared ideologically and in the matter of cadres for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, is / was the beginning of China’s new-democratic revolution.

第15课

1. 我们管它叫阿黄。这名儿有那么两层意思。

2. 开头它让我很是光火，真想把它给宰了。

3.“诶，特拉维斯，”他说，“我走了，你就是家里的男子汉了。我要你照顾好妈妈和小阿里斯。”

4. 这就是说，那个喜欢自封为自由公正世界领袖的国家/美国可以蔑视日内瓦公约和其它协定。

5. 戏班班主坐在台上幕前，放眼集市，眺望着这熙熙攘攘的去处，一阵深

沉的悲凉不禁袭上心头。

热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水（二）

在此危难之际，我今天对议会的发言非常简略，我想能得到谅解。我希望朋友和同僚，或受到这次内阁重组影响的前任同僚，对略去以往必不可少的礼仪，能给予体谅。

我已向参加新政府的各位大臣说过，在此再向各位议员说：我能奉献的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。我们面临着一场最严峻的考验/ 最严重的磨难。我们面临着月复一月年复一年的斗争与苦难。

若问我们的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陆上、在海上、在空中作战。全力以赴，以上帝所能赐予我们的全部力量作战，同黑暗惨酷的人类犯罪史上空前凶残的暴政决一死战。这就是我们的政策。

若问我们的目标是什么？我可用两个字来回答。那就是胜利——不惜一切代价去夺取胜利，不顾一切恐怖去夺取胜利，不管道路多么漫长艰险去夺取胜利；因为没有胜利就不能生存。我们必须认识到这一点。没有胜利，大英帝国就不复存在；没有胜利，大英帝国所代表的一切就不复存在；没有胜利，世世代代推动人类朝着目标前进的愿望、动力就不复存在。

我斗志昂扬、满怀希望地承担自己的任务。我确信，人们不会听任我们的事业遭到失败。此时此际，我认为我有权要求所有的人助我一臂之力，有权呼吁：“行动起来，让我们万众一心，共赴国难。”

第16课

1. We hate to see any country or group of countries pushing hegemony and power politics.

2. World multi-polarization and economic globalization are developing despite twists and turns.

3. With the rapid extinction of many wild species, more and more people are gradually realizing the great significance of wildlife protection.

4. 在妊娠期，男性胎儿多于女性胎儿，比例约为110：100。

5. 现在人们能够登录上网，在以计算机扬声器“播放”分类音乐的许多站点中进行选择。

Make Joint Efforts to Advance Man’s Lofty Cause of Peace and Development

—2008 New Year Message by Hu Jintao (II)

At present, the overall international situation is / remains stable // the international situation as a whole is / remains stable // the international situation is / remains stable on the whole, but at the same time, with (global) economic imbalance growing / growing more serious / deteriorating (globally) and the international security situation becoming more complicated, man is faced with / is confronted with / is facing an increase in troubles / difficulties and challenges. Sharing the opportunities for development, meeting / responding to / facing / confronting the challenges together / jointly and pushing forward man’s lofty cause of peace and development are the common wishes of people in all countries. Here I would like to avail myself of / take advantage of this opportunity to reiterate that China will hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation and make unremitting efforts to follow the road of peace and development and to implement the opening-up strategy which brings mutual benefit and double(-)win / win-win. She will continue to commit / devote / apply herself to pushing forward the democratization of international relations, to helping economic globalization develop in the direction of balance, universal benefit and double win, to promoting exchange and mutual learning between different human civilizations, to protecting / taking care of man’s home—the earth—on which he depends / relies for survival, and to safeguarding / preserving / maintaining world peace and stability.

At this moment, we are deeply / greatly concerned about / over / with people suffering from war / the flames of war, poverty, disease, and disaster. We Chinese people are sincerely deeply / profoundly sympathetic with them in their misfortune / (painful) experiences and willing to do our utmost / our best / everything in our power / everything possible to help // spare no efforts in helping them out of / to extricate themselves from their plight / misery as early as possible. And we sincerely hope that people of all nations will live in freedom, equality, harmony, and happiness under the same blue sky, sharing the fruits of man’s peace and development.

In 2008, the 29th Summer Olympic Games and Paralympics will be held in Beijing. We, as host, will spare no effort and enthusiasm in trying to turn the two occasions into grand gatherings that will enhance / boost the mutual understanding

and friendly cooperation between the Chinese people and people of the rest of the world. We warmly welcome athletes from all nations to China to participate in the Olympics and Paralympics, and welcome friends from around the world as well to this country to watch the games.

Finally, from Beijing, I wish you all a new year of happiness and good health / the best of health // I wish you happiness and good health / the best of health in the new year!

第17课

1. 他们计划把尼亚加拉瀑布和黄石公园包括在旅游路线之中。

2. 纽约警察局局长西奥多·宾厄姆陆军上将派遣佩特罗西诺到西西里执行任务，结果让他丢了性命。

3. 穆尔在上星期五与印尼国防部长维兰托举行会谈之后，前天又在泗水与哈比比举行会谈。

4. Then, on December twenty-third, a committee of experts at Seoul National University announced the results of an investigation.

5. Tigress called him out of the room. “Here’s money to buy brooms with first. Get bamboo ones, easier to sweep snow with.”

名利场（节选）

威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷

阿米莉亚离开这小小的屋子只不过九天，却觉得告别家门是遥远的往事了。她和往昔的生活之间隔了一条多么宽阔的鸿沟。她可从目前的立足点回首往事，几乎以旁观者的身份凝视着那痴情的闺中少女。那少女只盯着一个特定的目标；受到父母的宠爱，即使不是恩将仇报，至少也是无动于衷，仿佛那是她理所当然的权利——她一心一意想着的只是满足自己的愿望。那些日子刚刚过去，可是显得那么遥远，她回顾起来，觉得羞愧难当；父母慈祥的神态 / 模样，让她心中充满了亲情与悔恨。人生极乐这件奖品已经到手，而奖品得主是不是还没有把握，还不满足?男女主人公通过了结婚这个障碍，小说家通常就降下幕布；仿佛戏文已经演完，人生的疑虑与斗争宣告终结：似乎一旦踏上婚后的国度，就处处绿草如茵，风景宜人；夫妻什么也不必做，只需手挽着手，一边开心而尽情地欣赏美景，一边缓缓漫步下山，走向晚年。但咱们的小阿米莉亚还刚刚踏上新国度的河岸，却已经在焦急地回头眺望悲哀的亲人的身影，

他们从遥远的河对岸在向她挥手告别。

第18课

1. Both Old Li and Little Li are quiet and shy. Like father, like son.

2. Whatever happens, we'll be in the same boat.

3. If we insist on plotting the future by the past, it’s getting ourselves entangled in our own web like a spider and inviting failure.

4. Stop fighting each other. If the shepherds quarrel, the wolf has a winning game.

5. My house used to be crowded visitors, but now it’s almost deserted.

The Rabbits and the Cat (Excerpt)

Lu Xun

In summer, Third Mistress (who lived) in our back courtyard,bought a pair of white rabbits for her children to play with / to amuse her children.

Apparently these rabbits had not left // These rabbits did not seem / appear to have left their mother for long. Although they were a different species, their carefree innocence was evident / could be easily seen // one could easily see their carefree innocence. But they also erected / lifted / raised their long, small / small, long crimson / scarlet ears, wrinkled their noses and showed a rather surprised and suspicious look / a look of surprised suspicion in their eyes. Probably, after all, they felt this place and the people here strange / unfamiliar with this place and the people here, and (so) were less at ease here than / not so at ease here as in their old home. Creatures like these / Such creatures, if you went to a temple fair yourself to buy them, cost no more than two strings of cash / coppers apiece / each // cost only two strings of cash / coppers apiece / each at most; but Third Mistress had spent a (silver) dollar, because she (had) sent a servant to a shop to buy them.

The children, naturally, were overjoyed / It was natural that the children were overjoyed and crowded round boisterously / noisily for a look / to have a look. The grown-ups crowded round too. A puppy called S also came running over. Dashing up to sniff at them, he sneezed, / He dashed up to sniff at them, sneezed and (then) backed away a couple of paces. Third Mistress cried / shouted / snapped, “L isten, S! You’re not (allowed) to bite them!” then she slapped him / gave him a slap on the

head, so (that) S ran off / away, and after that he never bit them.

These rabbits were shut up / kept most of the time in the small courtyard behind the back window. We were told / heard this was because // , which, we were told / heard, was because they were too fond of tearing the wallpaper and nibbling at / gnawing at the legs of furniture. In this little courtyard grew a wild mulberry tree. When the mulberries fell, they liked eating them most (of all), // They liked eating the fallen mulberries most (of all), and (they) wouldn’t eat / would pass over / would refuse to eat even the spinach given them. When crows and magpies wanted to fly down, they would, with humped / hunched backs // hunching / humping their backs // their backs hunched / humped, stamp their hind feet hard on the ground and —whoosh!—bound / bounce straight up like flying snowballs // and bound / bounce straight up with a whoosh like flying snowballs. The frightened birds promptly took flight / flew away promptly, // The birds were so frightened that they took prompt flight / flew away promptly, and after several repetitions of this / and after this had been repeated several times they no longer dared come near. Third Mistress said crows and magpies didn’t matter, at most they would snatch / they would do no more than snatch a little food; the hateful thing / the cursed thing / the real menace was a big black cat, which often watched malevolently / viciously from the top of the wall—that must be guarded against. Fortunately, / It was fortunate that S and that cat were enemies, so perhaps there would be no trouble / nothing after all.

第19课

1. 一燕不成夏。不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。

2. 你像外国人所说的狗，只吠不咬。

3. 我知道你损失相当大。但肯定不会就此罢手/ 就此洗手不干了吧？

4. 佩格的演出为什么能博得满场喝彩?

5. 他们的工资勉强够维持生活。

论羞怯

塞缪尔·约翰逊

产生羞怯的最常见的原因莫过于对我们自己的重要性估计/ 评价过高。一个人，假如想象着聚会者一心想着他的才德，满怀期望而喘息难平，心无旁骛而鸦雀无声，就很容易因担心让众人失望而惊恐不安，于是搜索枯肠想出恰

当言行，证明自己是实至名归，并非浪得虚名。他以为，自己的一言一行人们都将永远铭记；只言片语都（是）毁誉攸关；自己随口说出的一切都应该经得起时间的检验。这样惴惴不安，谁还能怀疑他已经方寸大乱/ 心慌意乱，而且由于勉强进行种种力不从心的尝试，很快就陷入萎靡沮丧之中呢?

良药往往苦口。那些为名声所累的人，即使听别人说他们的担忧是多余的，大概也不会感到心安。但事实是，谁也不会受到世人多少关注。一个人如果想想自己对别人的情况注意得多么少，就知道自己吸引别人的注意力也是多么少。看见面前川流不息经过的人群，其中看来值得注意或激起同情的人，也许一个也没有，这时我们就应当记住，自己也同样会消失在这同一人群中；应当记住，碰巧投向我们的目光片刻之间就会转向身后的人；应当记住，我们能合情合理地希望或担心的，充其量是闲聊一通打发/ 消磨一段空闲时光，然后被人遗忘。

第20课

1. Bon appetite. (饭前说) / Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself. (饭后说)

2. This is a gift for your memory. Hope you like it.

3. “You’ve found a better job, haven’t you?” “Not at all. I am still in my old trade.”

4. 我失陪一会儿。

5. “今晚如果有空，你可以和我们一起块去看电影。”“到时候再说吧！”

Endurance (2)

The camel conquers the desert while the pigeon conquers the air / and the pigeon (conquers) the air.

The camel cannot run as fast as the horse, nor can the pigeon fly with as much agility / as agilely as the petrel. But both camel and pigeon are hardy / have endurance. Their endurance is so great / such that both the raging sandstorm and the violent typhoon lose countenance in their presence / as to put to shame both the raging sandstorm and the violent typhoon.

Their great endurance enables them to get to any place / any destination they want to. Seldom is any camel found to have dropped dead in the midst of a desert, nor is any pigeon discovered to have fallen halfway across the sea.

Both camel and pigeon are gentleness itself / very gentle, // Neither camel nor

pigeon is fierce, (with) their eyes always twinkling timidly / with timidity. But their eyes are never blinded by any sandstorm, and can always endure / bear / stand the lashing of a furious tempest.

The camel’s hump is (like) an arch bridge linking up the cultures of (the) East and (the) West, and the jingling of its bell is the most reliable courier / messenger and the most exciting message.

The pigeon is a most trustworthy / loyal messenger, who can deliver secret intelligence to a military commander with (unerring) accuracy / accurately.

The pigeon whistle is ringing again overhead / over my head. To me, however, the sound does not seem faint, but instead / rather the whole firmament seems to be paling / fading into insignificance // to be becoming insignificant in comparison with it…

第21课

1. A teacher is a person by whom doctrine is imparted, professions taught and perplexities cleared up.

2. Since men are not born with knowledge, who can be free from / be without perplexities?

3. I will study under him who was born later than me as long as he learned doctrine before me.

4. Since what I learn is doctrine, why should I care if he was born later than me?

5. Sages of ancient times were far superior to ordinary people, yet they studied under and consulted their teachers.

Stone Beasts in the River

Ji Yun

On / Close to the bank of a river south of Cangzhou was located a temple, whose gate collapsed and tumbled / fell into the river, (with) the two stone beasts sunken together. A dozen years after / afterwards // After a dozen years, the monks collected a sum of money with which to restore / rebuild the gate. They searched in the water for the two stone beasts, but surprisingly (they) could not find them; then it struck them that the beasts must have been washed downstream / down the river. So they rowed several small boats dragging iron rakes down the riverbed for about a dozen li, without finding / but did not find a trace of them. A pedant teaching in the temple learned about it / heard about it and said with a sneer, “You’re unable to inquire into / are ignorant of the ways of things. These aren’t wood chips; how can they have been carried away by floods? The fact is that stone is solid and heavy in nature while sand is loose and mobile. Buried in the sand they sink deeper and deeper. Is n’t it insane / mad / absurd (of you) to search for them downstream?”Everybody was convinced that it was a conclusive argument.

A veteran dyke-protection soldier heard this talk and also said with a sneer, “All stones fallen into a river must be looked for ups tream. Since stone is solid and heavy while sand is loose and mobile, water can’t wash a stone away.

B ut the force of the rebounding water is certain to / will certainly scoop a pit by eroding the sand

beneath it where it’s exposed to / it faces the water. The pit becomes deeper and deeper with the rebounding of the water / as the water rebounds // The more the water rebounds, the deeper the pit becomes, and when it’s as deep as half the height of the stone / half as deep as the stone is high, the latter overturns into the former. The erosion of the sand repeats itself in this way / The water erodes the sand in this way again and gives / , which gives /, giving the stone another turn //, so that the stone overturns once more. As it turns over and over again, the stone travels / moves against the current up the river. To be sure, it’s insane / mad / absurd to search for it downstream, but is n’t it more so to look for it in the riverbed right where it fell?” Acting upon his reasoning / Doing as he said, sure enough, the monks did find the stone beasts several li upstream. But there are many (natural) phenomena in the world of which one sees only one aspect and fails to see others. Will it do to / Can one make judgments from mere speculations?

第22课

1. Stones with a loud and clear sound are found / exist everywhere.

2. But / Yet this theory in particular I doubt all the more.

3. Huge rocks rose hundreds of feet by the riverside, like savage beasts and weird ghosts in terrible gestures of striking at people.

4. What Li Daoyuan saw and heard was quite similar to my experiences indeed, only he did not give a detailed account of it.

5. The ancients did not deceive me!

The Small Rocky Pool

Liu Zongyuan

We walked some hundred and twenty paces westward from the knoll / hill to a bamboo grove // A walk of some one hundred and twenty paces westward from the knoll / hill brought us to a bamboo grove, through which we heard, to our joy, the sound of water tinkling like (that of) jade pendants knocking against each other. We opened a path by cutting the bamboos / We cut a path through the bamboos, revealing a small pool below, which was unusually limpid / clear.A whole / An unbroken rock made up / constituted its bottom, which, closer to the bank, rolled up above the water to form flat and rugged islets, cliffs and caves. Green trees were

wrapped and entwined in verdant / emerald green vines, which, varied in length, interlocked and swung in the wind.

There were some one hundred fish / one hundred or so fish in the pool, all of which looked / all looking as if (they were) swimming unsupported in a void. As the sunlight penetrated (into / through) the water, the fish cast their motionless shadows on the rocky bottom. Suddenly they disappeared into the distance, and then scudded / darted to and fro, as if / as though playing with us visitors.

Looking southwest from the pool, we could see the stream meander / In a southwesterly direction from the pool, the stream meandered in a serpentine / snakelike manner, (with) some parts (of it) visible and others hidden from view. Its banks were ragged in shape / ragged-shaped like a dog’s teeth, denying us any inkling as to its source / so that we didn’t know its source / didn’t have an inkling as to its source.

We sat by the pool, which, (as it was) enclosed / surrounded by trees and bamboos, was still and deserted, melancholy and bone-chilling, and bleak and profoundly secluded. As the place was too desolate / The place being too desolate for us to stay long, we went away / left after I made a note of it. My fellow travellers were Wu Wuling, Gong Gu and my cousin Liu Zongxuan. Attendants accompanying us were two youngsters of a Cui family, one called Shuyi and the other Fengyi.

汉英翻译教程1

《汉英翻译教程》－作者不详，在此致谢！ 第一章 词的选择 词义的正确选择首先取决于对原文的确切理解，而对原文词义的确切理解又取决于对原文上下文的推敲。有些词看起来很简单，翻译时一下子就会想到常用的对应词。但又是最常用的对应词却不能准确地表达原作的意思。例如： 还要努力读一点历史和小说。 We should also find time to read some history books and novels. 这里“努力”一词理解为“挤出时间”是对的，如译为make an effort，则会使人误解为我们文化水平低，读历史和小说很费力。 再比如“水平”一词译成英语，不一定都是level, 要根据句子的含义确定译法。 1．他的英语水平比我的高。 He knows more English than I. 这里，汉语“水平”一词虽未译出，但其以已含在句子中。若照汉语字面应译成：The level of his English is higher than that of mine.就不符合英语表达习惯。 2．要奋发图强，把我军的军政素质提高到一个新的水平……。 We must work hard to r aise to a new height the military and political quality of our army……. 这里“水平”指高度，故译作height，和动词搭配也比较顺。 3．各级领导干部必须提高领导水平。 Cadres at all levels should improve their art of leadership. 这里的“领导水平”，实际上指领导能力、领导艺术、故译作art of leadership. 以上的例子说明一个词的具体含义往往要结合上下文才能确定，在翻译的时候也只有结合上下文来考虑怎样处理这个词，才能译得准确。因此在辨析词义和正确选词时可注意下列几种情况。 （一）注意词的广义与狭义 英语中有不少同义词的词义有广、狭之区别，运用范围也就各不相同。例如 1．农业是国民经济的基础。 Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. 原文“农业”一词是广义，指一切农业经济（农、牧、林、渔），古译作agriculture。但在“农林牧副渔结合的方针”中，农与林木副渔并立，是指耕作的农业，不是指整个农业经济，古译作farming。整个词组应译为the principle of combining farming, forestry, animal husbandry, side-occupations and fishery. 2．他从不喝酒。 He never touches wine. 原文“酒”是指一切酒类，故译作wine。但在“他不喝烈性酒”一句中，“酒”是狭义，是和淡性酒相对而言的，又需译作spirits。 （二）注意词义的强弱 3．反动派的暴行激起了人民的极大愤怒。 The atrocities of the reactionaries roused the people to great indignation. 这里的“愤怒”含义强烈，故在译文中选用了indignation,而不用anger. 4．孙中山是个好人。 Dr. Sun Y et-sen was a man of integrity. 如果译作a good man, 则与这位伟大的革命先行者的身份不相称。 （三）注意词义的褒贬

英汉翻译教程试题

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 （英语专业） 英汉翻译教程（三） Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each）A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.

汉英翻译基础教程期末考试总结

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68) 粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves) 海阔天空to talk with random( with a vast sea and boundless sky) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine) 纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold) 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse) 赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath) 开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking) 二．翻译下列句子 （1）这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗？ That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? （2）别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！ You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed. （3）这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I’m extremely terrified by the news. （4）她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school. （5）我不敢班门弄斧，诚望您发表高见。 I dare not show off in the presence of（在……面前）an expert. I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten（启发，启蒙）us on this matter. （6）敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. （7）敌军军官听说后路已被切断，吓得目瞪口呆。 The enemy officer was stunned by the news that the route of retreat had been cut off. （8）这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。 These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.

王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【笔记课后习题及翻译示例汇总考研真题详解】(文学翻译)

第18章文学翻译 18.1 复习笔记 一、文学翻译的标准 对于文学翻译的要求是，“用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来，使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受”。 钱钟书把文学翻译的最高标准概括为一个“化”字。 二、文学翻译的过程 借鉴茅盾的有关解释，把文学翻译过程分为三个阶段： (1) 理解阶段； (2) 印证阶段； (3) 表达阶段。 在表达阶段强调的内容是： (1) 必须使用文学语言； (2) 尽量保持原作风格； (3) 力求内容和形式的辩证统一。 三、文学翻译须使用文学语言 这里仅介绍英文小说翻译的几个侧面：

1. 文学语言具有准确、形象、生动、自然等特征，译者应根据原作的艺术意境和语言特色，在译文里寻找适当的语言形式，使之文情并茂。 Daffodils all along the hedgerow swung like yellow, ruffled birds on their perches. 清风徐徐，沿灌木篱笆旁的水仙花轻轻地摇摆着，颇似栖息的鸟儿掀动着金黄色羽毛。 2. 运用娴熟的汉语，再现人物语言的形象化和个性化，使译文产生“如闻其声，如见其人”的艺术效果。 “Say, some tenderness, that!” This is reference to a smile or a melting glance on the part of a female. “唷，瞧那样多温存!”这说的是一位女性的嫣然一笑，或者回眸传情。 3. 凭借自己的审美体验，深刻理解原作的艺术美，进而形神兼备地再现这种艺术美。 四、加强文学翻译的基本功训练 有兴趣于或有志于从事文学翻译的青年，可在课内外分门别类地选做一些练习，以集中提高某些方面的表述能力。 18.2 课后习题详解 将下列英文译成汉语： 1. One morning, in the fall of 1880, a middle-aged woman, accompanied by a young girl of inquiry as to whether there was anything a- bout the place that she could do. She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and

郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】

第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。

5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.

《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案.doc

is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile? 我认为，如果一个人思路不清，他写文章也困惑，如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷，和能，由眼前的事情，他将一百件事情，除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。 I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years? 我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰，联合国己经多年了。 Culture to him, as to the Orientals3 with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts. 文化，在东方人，和他一起住这么多，深深同情的事情，是灵，可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。 With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house in order to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders?(China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats 与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下，朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点，中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚扌宜权 that woman walks the streets? 那个妇女常在那些街上走 Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight. 比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。 He is not so ill but that he can come to school ?

汉英翻译基础教程 第1章 练习参考答案

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配 1． a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节翻译中的选词 一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。 1. That depends upon circumstances. 2. This state of affairs must be changed. 3. How do matters stand with them?

第2章 汉英翻译基础知识(新编汉英翻译教程 陈宏薇)

“文化”（culture） 物质文化（material culture） 制度文化（institutional culture） 心理文化（也称观念文化）（mental culture）咖啡（coffee）、 巧克力（chocolate）、 色拉（salad）、 三明治（sandwich）、 歇斯底里（hysteria）、 休克（shock）、 基因（gene）、 钙（calcium）、 维他命（vitamin）、 奥林匹克（Olympic）、 雷达（radar）、 先令（shilling）、 夹克（jacket）、 电视（television）、 激光（laser）、 飞机（aeroplane）、 火车（train）、 交响乐（symphony）、 基督徒（Christian）、 面包（bread）、 盲文（brail）、 圣诞老人（Santa Claus）、 圣经（Bible）、 马海毛（mahair）、 贝雷帽（beret）、 革命（revolution） 、营养（nourish）、 解放（liberate）、 民主（democracy）、 科学（science）、 独裁（dictatorship）、 心理学（psychology）、 形而上学（metaphysics）、 图书馆（library）、 想象（imagination）、 暗示（hint）、 投资（investment） 磁卡电话（card phone）、 立交桥（overpass）、 隐形眼镜（contact lenses）、

下拉菜单（pulldown）、 软驱（floppy drive）、 光驱（CD drive）、 鼠标（mouse）、 电脑（computer）、 内存条（RAM chip）、 复印机（xerox machine）、 安乐死（euthanasia）、 艾滋病（AIDS）、 香波（shampoo）、 连锁店（chain store）、 热狗（hot dog）、 自助餐（buffet）、 牛仔服（cowboy suit）、 T恤衫（T-shirt） 意合(parataxis) 隐性(covertness) 显性(overtness) 形合(hypotaxis) 伦理(ethics) 认知(cognition) 顺其自然(Let nature take its course in accordance with its natural tendency)、 听其自然(leave the matter as it is; take the world as it is)、 听天安命(accept the situation)、 听天由命(be at the mercy of nature; be left to God's mercy; let fate have its way; submit the will of Heaven; wait for one's fate)。 individualism（ 不管别人怎样做）只按个人方法行事的感觉或行为；我行我素 个体主义”。 整体(integrity) 综合性(synthetic) 个体(individuality)、 分析性(analytic) 直觉(intuition) 实证(evidence) 天人合一”(The Unity of Man and Heaven

实用英汉翻译教程答案

实用英汉翻译教程答案 【篇一：大学英语实用翻译教程练习答案】 s=txt>第二章第一节 练习一：p10 一、 1．保护人类基因健康是个比较严峻的问题，但这不过是问题的一 个方面而已。 2．这些是科学家和技术专家研制的机器和产品。 3．科学已成为力量的一种源泉，不只是适宜于幻想的题材了。 4．建造和装饰宫殿、教堂和寺院的款项都由经商的富户承担支付。 5．查理一世和下议院的争吵已到了紧要关头，后来内战爆发，并 在白厅把斯图尔特王朝的君主送上了断头台。 6．在开辟第二战场之前，美国步兵精神饱满，营养充足，还没有 在战斗中受过创伤。 练习二：p16 一、 1．已经拟就一张至今已教过的所有动词的表。 2．每天从全国各地传来各行各业取得伟大成就的消息。 3．城乡之间的差别依然存在。 4．那一年，建立了旨在促进研究和试验的英国航空学会。 5．这里出版的报纸谴责侵略者屠杀大批无辜人民。 6．凡是成功的科学家常常把注意力集中在他发现尚未得到满意解 答的问题上。 练习三：p19 1．所有植物组织和动物组织主要由碳化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。 2．他们并不认为有必要提供学生经常使用的名词化规则和构造使役句的规则。 3．各种族集团的文化特性、民间传说、神话和信仰都是根据文化进化规律起源于每一个集团的内部。 4．个别国家的科学努力可能将由跨国机构来进行统一和协调。 5．解放前，这个城市的垃圾和苍蝇一向无人过问，结果经常发生地方性病疫。

6．他是美国印第安人作家、演讲家和争取印第安人权利运动的活动家。 第二章第二节 练习一：p26 一、 1．我原先以为这部机器不过是一种没有什么价值的玩具。 2．第二天一早，饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后，他们便动身了。 3．你愿意别人如何待你，你就应该如何待别人。 4．这部打印机真是物美价廉。 5．我七岁时就会织毛衣。 6．钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。 二、 1．he who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 2．before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. 3．the ear is the organ which is used for hearing. the nose is used for smelling. and the tongue is used for tasting. 4. modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 5．as it was getting quite dark, we decided to stop at that temple for the night. 6．internet is so convenient that we can find any information with the click of the mouse. 练习二：p30 一、 1．勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；感情过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。 2．她苏醒过来，看见周围一张张笑脸。 3．柯达321a型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功能齐全，结构紧凑，造型美观。 4．海洋与其说是分隔了世界，不如说是连接了整个世界。 5．他这次旅行既有军事上的目的，又有政治上的目的。 6．我希望这次会议不要开得太久，太久了只会浪费时间。 二、

实用汉英翻译教程 参考答案

Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配 1． a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water

play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now

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高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 (英语专业) 英汉翻译教程(三) Part One Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A. 对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B. 对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C. 对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D. 对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2. So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A. 因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B. 因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C. 因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D. 因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. “People disappear in that river every year,” one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. “这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. “年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers. A. 早在六十年代初，“环保法”这个词儿甚至会使许多律师感到纳闷。

汉英翻译教程

《汉英翻译教程》 练习1 1、翻译的任务是什么？ 2、翻译有哪几种种类？ 3、翻译的标准是什么？ 4、如何正确理解和表达？ 练习2 翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配： 1、那个受惊的小孩紧紧抓住他母亲的手。 2、他把自己的一生献给为人民服务的事业。 3、新生儿需要细心护理。 4、该委员会由五人组成。 5、我借一下你的电话好吗？ 练习3 翻译下列各句，根据需要增补适当的词语： 1、中国总是要前进的。 2、你想看这本书，就先看吧。 3、所有公民在法律面前一律平等。 4、他们一听说有新任务就坐不住了。 5、只要中国人民积极奋斗，这个宏伟的战略目标是能够达到的。练习4 翻译下列各句，注意省略： 1．新老干部要互相学习，互相帮助，取长补短。 2．他一开口总是三句话不离本行。 3．每条河流都有上游、中游和下游。 4．一五一十地都给父母讲了。 5．他们是亲密无间的朋友。 练习5 翻译下列各句，注意划线部分词类的转换： 1．中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹，在全世界引起了巨大的反响。2．共产党员应该吃苦在前，享受在后。 3．我们觉得解决这个问题并不难。 4．我们科学研究发展的特点是理论联系实际。 5．社会主义革命的目的是为了解放生产力。 练习6 翻译下列各句，注意划线部分在句中的位置： 1．他们最近的成就表明他们所取得的巨大进步。 2．这是唯一可能的解决的办法。 3．不论晴雨，我们明天非去不可。 4．我们必须清楚了解所有牵涉到的问题。

5．我率领的部队南征北战，越战越强。 练习7 翻译下列各句，注意运用语态变换的方法：1．关于这个问题，已经说得很多了。 2．医院立即收下那个重伤的男孩。 3．认识落后，才能改变落后。 4．这篇文章需要再润色一下。 5．他的话使我感到莫名其妙。 练习8 翻译下列各句，注意恰当运用正说与反说的技巧：1．他的暗示没有引起我的注意。 2．你恐怕弄错了。 3．他不在，我感到很寂寞。 4．只要他没有病倒，他是不会不来的。 5．是重力使我们不致于从地球上抛出去。 练习9 采用适当的方式翻译下列无主句： 1．以其人之道，还治其人之身。 2．前头坐着一位老人。 3．没有矛盾，就没有世界。 4．不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 5．忠诚党的教育事业。 练习10 将下列汉语省略句译成英语省略句： 1．妈妈买了一架电视机。 2．象是要下雨的样子。 3．多年来一直喝这种苦药，我真是喝够了。 4．他有自己的打算，但不愿向别人谈论。 5．这件事你不懂，就别再操心了。 练习11 翻译下列各句，注意“得”字句补语的译法：1．她伤心得大哭起来。 2．床收拾得很整齐。 3．他兴奋得说不出话来。 4．他累得走不动了。 5．她的头发长得几乎拖地了。 练习12 翻译下列各句，注意“把”字词组的译法：1．今天是什么风把你吹来了? 2．他们把我们看做自己家里人。 3．不要把你的衣服弄脏了。 4．母亲把孩子叫回来复习功课。 5．那意味着把工作交给他了。