(英语)高考英语翻译练习题及答案

（英语）高考英语翻译练习题及答案

一、高中英语翻译

1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。 (have trouble)

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2．医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。 (assure)

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3．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)

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4．直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)

________________________

【答案】

1． The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

2． The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time. 3． Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4． Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work. He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife.

【解析】

1．考查have trouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用had trouble (in) doing sth ,句子可以翻译成so /and 连接的并列句或者so that 连接的结果状语从句。也可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：was inexperienced，lacked experience，lack of experience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1. The new employee was inexperienced, so (tha t) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).

The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).

Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the custome rs’ complaint(s).

2．考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接

sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The doctor assured the patient that he

would be fine as long as he took medicine on time.

3．考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signed up for, 过去分词短语recommended by his colleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词his busy/full/tight schedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.

4．考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为should have d one“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为be divorced from/with sb “与某人离婚”。忙于做某事be obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ be busy with his work置于instead of之后，所以形式为being obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ being busy with his work。再根据其它汉语提示，

故翻译为：He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife 也可将Not…until 放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.

【点睛】

not until 的倒装句归纳总结

1.当 Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)

主语+谓语+.如:

Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才

2.not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分

根据 not until倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.符合第一点用法。

2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。(ignorant)

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2．这些政策在一定程度上对该地区的经济衰退负有责任。(extent)

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3．自古以来老百姓就希望天下太平，同各国人民友好相处。(long for)

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4．青少年问题的发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。(which)

__________________________________

【答案】

1． Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).

2． These po licies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.

3． Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries.

/Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.

4． The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions. 【解析】

1．考查ignorant相关用法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词为 be ignorant of...“不知道”、“不懂”。结合汉意，故翻译为：Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).

2．考查extent的相关用法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词为 be responsible for，to some exte nt“某一定程度上”为固定短语。结合汉意。故翻译为：These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.

3．考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，由句中的 Since ancient times 可知，本句为现在完成时，谓语动词为long for“ 渴望”，所以用have longed for。结合汉意。故翻译为 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.

4．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，本句时态为一般现在时，The developing trend of

youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为主语，谓语为deserve。本句还涉及非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句为一般现在时。The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为定语从句的先行词，在定语从句中作deserve的主语，所以关系代词为which。结合汉意。故翻译为：The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

96．今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)

97．下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。(than)

98．是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。(It)

99．那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。(No sooner)

100．无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever)

【答案】

1．Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year’s Eve this year?

97．Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual on rainy days.

98．It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide without considering his own safety.

99．No sooner had I left the school that early evening than I met with/bumped into/came across/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years. 100．Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance

【解析】

1．本题提示词为plan，除夕翻译为“New Year’s Eve”。

97．本题考查比较级，“比平时”翻译为“than usual”.

98．本题考查强调句、定语从句和非谓语的翻译。首先强调句结构“it is(was)…that/who” ；那个轻生的男子,需要处理为定语从句，翻译为“the man who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide”; 不顾“without considering”.

99．倒装句和定语从句的翻译。一…就“No sooner h ad sb．done sth．than sb．did sth.”; 多年不见的小学同学可以处理成定语从句，翻译为“(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”；100．本题考查主语从句和同位语的翻译，句子结构比较复杂。首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句“Whoever wants to be successful”。其次，“这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”这半句话涉及使用同位语从句。理清关系后，本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay)

2．一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)

3．直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It)

4．他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们的出行更为便利。(occur, make)

【答案】

1．Don’t stay in the ai r-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2．Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.

3．It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4．It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.【解析】

1．考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同时用even if/even though 引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故翻译为：Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2．考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，而且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前，要用现在完成时，indicate用一般现在时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Onc e a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is

getting mature.

3．考查not until的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用not until的强调句型，其基本结构为：It is not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4．考查固定句式和非限定性定语从句。It occurs to sb. that表示“某人突然想到……”，同时可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.

。

5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．你的思想越开明，就越不容易受他人观点的影响。(The more...)

2．到底是什么让你对考试结果抱有如此乐观的态度？(it)

3．面对激烈的竞争和许多不确定因素，家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件很正常的事。(face)

4．社会发展的速度飞快，如果你固执于陈旧的观念无法跟上时代的步伐，那么不久你就会被时代抛弃。(So)

【答案】

1．The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions. 2．What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination? 3．When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic p erformance.

4．So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查汉译英，注意按括号内的要求翻译。

1．考查固定句式。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，根据句意可知，从句

用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故翻译为：The more open-minded you are, the less easily you’ll be influenced by others’ opinions.

2．考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：what is it that…?陈述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：What is it that makes you hold such a positive attitude towards the result of the examination?

3．考查face的用法和形式主语。face表示“面对”时是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，也可用短语be faced with表示“面对”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：When parents are facing / faced with fierce competition and plenty of uncertainties, it is natural for them to feel anxious about their children’s academic performance.

4．考查so…that的倒装和条件状语从句。stick to表示“坚持、固执于”，keep up with 表示“赶上”，so…that结构中so连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要进行倒装，that后的结果状语从句不倒装，if引导的条件状语从句的复合句遵循“主将从现”原则，故翻译为：So fast is the society developing that if you stick to outdated concepts and can’t keep up with the pace of the times, it won’t be long before you are abandoned / deserted by the times.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.

1．只要你有耐心，你总能在夜市淘到一些便宜货。(pick up)

2．让他宽慰的是，在房价飙升之前，他在同事的建议下买了一套公寓。(advice)

3．这个品牌的手机各方面都比所有其他的手机好，只是价格实在太贵了。(superior) 4．鉴于这个计划风险太大，虽然设计者的分析听上去很合理，政府最终没有采纳。(risky)

【答案】

1．As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market. 2．To h is great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advice before house prices rocketed. 3．This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.

4．Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually didn’t adopt it although the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.

【解析】

1．考查状语从句和时态。此处含as long as“只要”引导的条件状语从句的复合句；have patience“忍耐一下”；固定词组：pick up“捡起，获得”；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market.

2．考查状语从句和时态。此处是含before“在…之前”引导的时间状语从句；分析句子结构：he是句子主语，谓语动词用一般过去时态bought，a flat是句子宾语；固定短语：To his great relief“使他非常欣慰的是”；his colleague’s advice“他同事的建议”；再根据所给汉语可知翻译为：To his great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advic e before house prices rocketed.

3．考查时态和固定短语。分析句子结构：This brand of mobile phone是句子主语；is superior to“优于”是谓语部分；except that除了…之外；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为：This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.

4．考查状语从句和时态。此处是considering that“考虑到，就…而论”引导的原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；risky“冒险的”，adopt“采纳”；句子为一般过去时。再根据所给汉语故翻译为：Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually didn’t adopt it although the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。(or)

2．我想当时你一定具有控制自己行为的能力。(power)

3．虽然关注自己的快乐没有错，但把快乐传播给身边的人总是一件不错的事。(communicate)

4．妄自菲薄只会让自己迷失方向，限制自身发展。从今天开始就关掉消极频道，释放自身的潜能吧(nowhere)

【答案】

1．Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.

2．I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.

3．Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing to communicate happiness to people around.

4．Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.

【解析】

1．考查固定句式。“don’t do…or…”表示“不要……，否则会……”，故翻译为：Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.

2．考查情态动词+have done。must have done表示对过去的事情最有把握的推测，表示“一定做过……”，故翻译为：I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.

3．考查让步状语从句和形式主语。首先确定两个关键短语：communicate sth to sb表示“将……交（传递）给某人”，focus on表示“关注、集中于”，根据句意可知本句用although

引导让步状语从句，同时用it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故翻译为：Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing

to communicate happiness to people around.

4．考查祈使句和非谓语动词。根据句意确定本句使用祈使句，同时使用动名词做主语，另外stop doing表示“停止做某事”，故翻译为：Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.

8．高中英语翻译题：翻译句子（根据汉语以及英语提示翻译以下句子）

1．I don’t want to _________________facts(记下一系列的事实) in a diary as most people do. 2．_______________________除了写作), I also enjoy rock climbing.

3．______________疲劳而且气喘吁吁的), Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.

4．我仍然发现和他们交朋友很难。(find it hard to…)

_____________________________________________________________________.

5．直到到家玛丽才认识到她丢了钥匙。（not until 的强调句型）

_____________________________________________________________________.

【答案】

1．set down a series of

2．In addition to writing

3．Tired and short of breath,

4．I still found it hard to make friends with them.

5．It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查完成句子和句子翻译。

1．考查短语。短语set down记下，写下；a series of一系列。句意：我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐。故填set down a series of。

2．考查短语。短语in addition to除了……，to是介词。句意：除了写作，我也喜欢攀岩。故填In addition to writing。

3．考查形容词。这里形容词作状语是表示伴随状语，解释说明主语。句意： Andy and Ruby第一个到达泰山山顶，他们又疲劳而且气喘吁吁的。故填Tired and short of breath。4．考查短语。find it hard to…发现……很难。句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to make friends with them.故填：I still found it hard to make friends with them.。

5．考查强调句。not until 的强调句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填：It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.

9．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．阅读诗歌译本就如同穿着雨衣淋雨，你永远无法感知到水滴的碰撞。(like)

2．为了抹去过往的痛苦回忆，她决定将所有他的信件付之一炬。(wipe)

3．他文科很棒，所以很有机会被他心仪的大学录取。(stand)

4．他的言论使得一件之前无人问津的小事变成了所有人现在都不得不关注的国际事件。(to which)

【答案】

1．Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international

event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

【解析】

1．“阅读诗歌译本”用动名词作主语，like意为“像”，是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故翻译为：Reading a translation of a poem is like wearing a raincoat in the rain, you can never feel the collision of water droplets.

2．表示“为了”，可用“in order to do”或“to do”结构，“抹去”是wipe，“决定做某事”是decide to do。故翻译为：In order to wipe the painful memories, she decided to set all his letters on fire.

3．表示“很棒”，可用“stand out”。“被……录取”可用“be admitted to”表示。定语从句用he wants表示。故翻译为：He stands out in liberal arts, so he has a good chance of getting admitted to the university he wants.

4．表示“使……转变成……”，可用turn…into…。表示“关注”，可用pay attention to。用定语从句来修饰a small matter 和an international event。故答案为His comments turned a small matter that no one had cared about before into an international event to which everyone now has to pay attention.

10．高中英语翻译题：Translation

1．这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。 (date)

2．John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。 (Seldom)

3．基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring)

4．近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充分信任与理解医生。 (relieve)

【答案】

1．These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3．Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4．Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

【解析】

1．考查date back to的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”，该词组没有被动语态，常使用一般现在时。故译为：These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2．考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。seldom位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。故译为：Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3．考查bring about的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组bring about“带来”，句

子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4．考查relieve的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组做主语，句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时，故译为：Recently, the relationship between do ctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

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21.听到那一激动人心的消息，我情不自禁地大哭起来。(burst) 22.做幼儿同老师需要极大的耐心。(call) 23.恐怕他们遇到交通堵塞了。(catch) 24.作为班上的尖子学生．她有能力解答这些数学题。(capable) 25.现在年轻人所缺乏的，不是书本知识，而是实践经验。(not．．but) 26.父母双方必须对养育子女承担同等的责任。(bring) 27.她的计划听上去很好，可是我们实施起来将困难重重。(carry) 28.上周因为生病我缺了一些课，但是我会努力赶上大家的。(catch) 29.如果您方便的话，今晚我想去您府上拜访。(call) 30.这位作家专心致志于写作，以致忘了自己重病在身。(bury) 31.她不在乎报酬，对她来说重要的是她的实验。(care) 32.我会待在宾馆．以防有电话。(in case) 33.警方正在竭尽全力查明火灾的导凶。(cause) 34.他不仅意识到了自己的弱点，而且想克服它。(not only．but also) 35.救援队在地震发生后不久就设法赶到了那里。(break) 36.为了承担得起出国的费用，你无论怎样节俭都是不过分的。(cannot．too) 37.在空调房间待太久会使人生病。(cause) 38.小心点．别从车上摔下来。你才刚学会骑车。(careful) 39.除了等待进一步通知，我们别无他法。(but) 40.不要打扰James，他正忙于学校音乐会的操练。(busy)

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