英语翻译考试答题技巧

英语翻译考试答题技巧文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]

翻译——英译汉

对于翻译部分,建议大家在学习和复习时掌握一些翻译的基本常识和一些常用方法,针对考试中经常出现的一些语言现象,仔细分析一些翻译实例,总结出

一些规律性的东西,再加以必要的练习,一定能够提高自己的翻译水平。

(一词性转换

词性转换是英汉翻译过程中经常用到的情况。虽然英语和汉语的词性大多

能重合,可以直接相互转换,但是,在英语句子中可以充当某个成分的词性相对

较少,比如说,英语中充当主语的只有名词、代词或者相当于名词的动名词和不定式,充当谓语的只有动词;而在汉语句子中,名词、动词、形容词都可以做主语、谓语、宾语和表语。因此翻译时要灵活处理,不能一味拘泥于某些词汇在

原文的词性,必要时应该采取词性转换的方法,将原词性进行适当的转换。这样翻译出来的句子才能流畅,表意确切。

(二词义引申

英语单词在不同的场合和搭配中,词义有时差别很大。如果把某些英语单词或词组按词典上的意义直译过来,就会使译文晦涩生硬,不易理解,甚至还可能

引起误解。因此在翻译时,要在弄清原文意思的基础上,根据上下文和逻辑关系,并且按照汉语习惯选择适当词义加以引申。引申就是在翻译时将词义加以深化,产生新义,以确切表达原文含义。

(三增减词

英译汉过程中必须遵循的一项原则是:忠于原文。译者不能对原作者的意思加以更改,任意增加或减少内容。但是,这并不意味着译文的字数不能有任何增减,因为没有两种语言是完全对等的,尤其英汉两种语言在表达方式上差异较大。译者常常需要从全局考虑,进行必要的文字调整,使其符合汉语的习惯表达方式。在不影响原句意思表达的情况下,可以按照意境、修辞或句法的具体需要,增加或减少词语,使句子自然、流利、通畅。英译汉时增加必要的词语,省

略不必要的词语,这就是增减词语的技巧。

(四正说反译和反说正译

英汉两种语言均有肯定或否定概念的表达。通常情况下,翻译时肯定句译成肯定句,否定句译成否定句即可。但是由于英语和汉语的表达习惯不同,翻译时要时常进行正说反译或反说正译的相互转换。其目的主要有三个:明确语义;加强修辞;符合汉语习惯。

(五语态转换

英汉两种语言在语态上有一个很明显的区别,那就是在英语中被动语态使用范围很广,几乎随处可见。凡是在不必或不愿说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或为了强调动作的承受者等场合,往往都用被动语态。而在汉语表达中,主动语态比被动语态用得更普遍些。因此,在进行英译汉时,最好能尊重汉语习惯,将英文被动句进行相应的语态转换。

(六从句的翻译

英语中主从复合句比较多,而汉语则多为短句,很少频繁地使用从句句式。基于英汉两种语言在这点上的不同,多数情况下我们很难把英语的句子结构照搬下来译成汉语,而是应该根据需要对从句进行相应的处理,更好地符合汉语的表达习惯。首先要弄清主从句间的关系和句子的基本结构,抓住句子的主干,再根据上下文弄清句意的层次和逻辑关系;最后用恰当的汉语准确表达出句意。

【实例】

People now have more leisure time,which is the reason why the demand for services has increased so rapidly.

A如今人们有更多的时间去娱乐,从而影响了劳务资源的快速上升。

B如今希望有时间娱乐的人越来越多,这是因为服务质量在迅速提高了。

C如今人们有了更多的闲暇时间,因而对各种服务的需求增长得如此快。

D如今人们有了更多的空闲时间,这就是要求迅速提高服务质量的原因。

【解析】C-D-A-B

People now have more leisure time,which is me reason

主语状语谓语宾语非限制性定语从句

why the demand for services has increased so rapidly.

同住语从句

本句是主从复合句,主句很简单,重点在后面的非限制性定语从句的翻译,而非限制性定语从句多作为分句翻译,在非限制性定语从句中还有一个同位语从句why the demand for services has increased so rapidly,指的是对各种服务的需求增长,而不是对服务质量的需求。所以最佳答案是C。

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骆飘 摘要：随着经济全球化步伐的加快，广告英语越来越多的融入到我们的生活中。广告英语作为一种特殊用途的语言，有着自己鲜明的特点。本文首先从语言特点、句型特色和修辞特色方面对广告英语的特点进行分析并举例论证。然后从广告英语的词汇、句法、修辞特征说明其翻译原则。再从直译和互译以及套译这三个方面来探讨翻译的方法。最后从文化的不同和翻译者的态度这两个方面论述翻译中存在着的问题和产生的影响。 关键词：广告英语；特点；翻译原则；翻译方法；问题 Abstract: With the development of society, the accelerated pace of economic globalization, the advertising English more and more integrated into our lives. Advertising English as a as a kind of special use language, has its own distinctive features. This article from the aspects of vocabulary, sentence and rhetoric to the features of advertising English is analyzed and an example. Then from the vocabulary, sentence and rhetorical features of advertising English translation principles. From literal translation and translation and translation of these three aspects to explore the methods of translation. Finally from the attitude of the cultural differences and translators in translation of these two aspects exist problems and the impact of. Key words:The characteristics of advertising English; Characteristic; The principle of translation; translation method 一、引语 1

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2011--2012学年翻译理论与实践期末考试题 班级＿＿＿姓名＿＿＿学号＿＿＿Ⅰ、Translate the following phases into English(2point*5=10point) 1.覆水难收 ___________________________________________________________ 2.指鹿为马 ___________________________________________________________ 3. 爱屋及乌 ___________________________________________________________ 4条条道路通罗马 ___________________________________________________________ 5有钱能使鬼推磨 ___________________________________________________________ ⅡTranslate the following sentences into English(5point*6=30point) 1.我年轻的日子已经一去不返。 ___________________________________________________________ 2.你别狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。 ___________________________________________________________ 4.我们是新雇员，得注意自己的一举一动。 ___________________________________________________________ 5.人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 ___________________________________________________________ 6.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 ___________________________________________________________ ⅢTranslate the following passages into English(10point*2=20point) 1）当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产水平；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2)秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 __________________________________________________________

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a supporting male role with striking character 净(性格鲜明的男性配角) a clown or a negative role 丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色) painted role 花脸 monodrama; one-man show 独角戏 musical 歌舞喜剧 shtick 滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头 skit 滑稽短剧 amateur performer of Beijing Opera/Peking Opera fan 京剧票友 Peking Opera Mask 京剧人物脸谱 ventriloquism 口技 puppet show 木偶戏 voice over 旁白 shadow play; leather-silhouette show 皮影戏

story-telling 说书 make a human pyramid 叠罗汉 colors, primary 红、黄、蓝三原色 colors, secondary 合成色，间色 composition 构图 engraving 雕刻艺术，镌版术;亦指雕版印刷品，版画etching 蚀刻版画，蚀刻术，铜版画 foreshortening effect [绘画]通过透视原理表现立体空间 fresco [绘画]在灰泥的墙壁上作的水彩画，壁画 highlight [绘画]高光 high relief 高浮雕 impasto [绘画]厚涂颜料的绘画法，厚涂的颜料 inlaying 镶嵌 landscape 风景画，山水画

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(广告传媒)A广告公司中常用英语词汇

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