(完整word版)2015年河海大学研究生英语一Unit1GhostsforTea(精)

Unit 1 Ghosts for T ea

' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.

'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'

“十便士看海湾风光。”那个带着望远镜的老头说道。

“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年大海难的遗迹吧!”

Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.

十便士是纯粹的抢劫,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。

Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unr olling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and do dging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one ano ther as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse sto od on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the light house, the man beside me tapped my wrist.

峭壁伸展向远处,海风激起的波浪闪耀着铺展在沙滩上,海面上几艘游艇伴着乳白色风帆优雅地弯成弧形避开。天空下方,一群海鸥在一只只的叫唤着,侧身滑过水面。离岸一英里处,在海浪贪婪地拍打的岩石上,那座古老的灯塔矗立在一石头平台上。的确我决不会吝惜钱。当我把望远镜对准灯塔时,我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。

' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse? ' he asked in a hushed whisper.

'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-looking pla ce' , I suggested.

“您听过在那座灯塔里发生的一起骇人听闻的惨案吗?”他压低了嗓声对我说。

“我想这么一个看起来非常富有戏剧性的地方或许有很多传说吧。”我说。

'It's no legend' , declared the old man.'My father knew the two men involved. It a ll took place fifty years ago to-day. Let me tell you.

His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic.

“这可不是传说,”那老头郑重其事地说。“我父亲认识那起惨案的两个当事人。一切都发生在50年前的今天。我来说给您听听吧。”

他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。

'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with t errifying seas surging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious abou t the two men working there. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three week s before, when they had quarrelled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused B lake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge the insult to his honour. But thanks to t he wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologised to each other, and soon s eemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentment and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough weather m ight affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious t he consequences would be.

“整整一个礼拜,那座灯塔被风暴困住了。”他开始说,“咆啸的大海波涛汹涌,撞击着岩石。岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。在两三个礼拜前他们还是最好的朋友,在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。马丁指责布莱克作弊,布莱克就发誓要报复对他名誉的侮辱。但是多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝,他们才互相道歉,而

且似乎渡过了不和。不过还是有些怨恨,令人担心的是,持续隔绝的脾气和恶劣的天气会刺激他们俩的神经,然而不用说,他们的朋友还不知道后果会是多么严重。”

'Fifty years ago to-night, no light appeared in the tower, and only at two o'clock i n the morning did the beam suddenly start to flash out its warning again. 'The next mo rning the light was still visible. The storm had almost blown itself out, so a relief boat set out to investigate. A grim discovery awaited the crew . The men's living-room w as in a horrifying state. The table was over-turned: a pack of playing cards was scatter ed everywhere: bloodstains splashed the floor. The relief men climbed the winding sta ir to the lantern room and there discovered Martin's body, crouched beside the burning lamp. He had been stabbed and was dead. Two days later, Blake's body was washed u p. scratched, bruised, and terribly injured.

“50年前的那个晚上,灯塔上没有出现灯光,直到凌晨两点钟突然一束灯光再次开始闪出警告信号。“第二天早上,灯光依然可见。风暴已经平息了,因此一艘救生船出发查看情况。一个残酷的发现等待着船员。马丁和布莱克的卧室一片恐怖场景,桌子被翻倒在地,一副牌散得到处都是,血迹溅得满地。营救人员爬上旋梯来到灯塔间,在那儿发现了马丁的尸体蜷缩在仍然亮着的灯旁。他是被戳死的。两天后,布莱克的尸体被冲了上来,身上满是划伤、擦伤,伤得很重。

' Only then could we really start guessing what had happened. This great tragedy could only have been due to a renewal of their quarrel. Bored and depressed as a resul t of their isolation, Martin and Blake must have started to play cards. Again suspecting cheating, Martin had accused his former friend of dishonesty; a fight had broken o ut and Blake had seized his knife. In a fit of madness he had attacked his companion, who had fallen mortally wounded. Then, appalled by what he had done, the loneliness , the battering of wind and waves, Blake had rushed to the parapet and flung himself o n to the rocks below, where the sea had claimed him.

“只是在那时我们才真正开始猜测发生了什么事。这个巨大的惨剧可能只是归因于他们的再次争吵。由于与世隔绝产生的乏味与沮丧,他们一定开始打牌。马丁

再次怀疑布莱克作弊,指责之前的朋友不老实。接着一场打斗发生了,布莱克抓起刀子,在一阵狂怒之下袭击了他的同伴,马丁受了致命伤倒下。然后布莱克被自己的所为震惊,加之孤独寂寞以及风浪的拍击声,他狂奔到栏杆边纵身投向下面的岩石,大海吞噬了他。

'But Martin was still alive. Hours later, after darkness had fallen, he had recovere d consciousness. He remembered his job of lighting the lamp; suffering intense pain, t he poor wretch crawled slowly up the winding staircase, dragging himself from step t o step till he got to the lantern. At his last gasp he managed to light this before finally collapsing.

“但马丁还活着。过了几小时天色暗下来以后,他恢复了意识,想起自己点灯的职责。忍着剧痛,可怜的马丁慢慢地爬上旋梯,拖着自己一步一步地爬到灯前。在他倒下之前,用尽最后一口气点亮了灯塔。

'For years afterwards it was said that the lighthouse was haunted, and, owing to t hese stories, they didn't have any applicants for the job of lighthouse-keeper from amo ng the superstitious local inhabitants. And now they say that on every anniversary o f that day, especially when the sea is rough, you can stand in the living-room, hear the cards failing and the sound of angry cries, see the flash of a blade, and then glimpse a figure rushing to the parapet. And then you hear the slow dragging of a body from ste p to step towards the room above.

“数年后,据说那座灯塔闹鬼了。而且,因为这些传说,当地迷信的居民中没有人

愿意接替做灯塔管理员。如今人们说,每年的那一天,尤其是当海上情况很恶劣的时候,站在卧室里你就能听到摔纸牌声和怒吼声,看到刀刃的寒光,还会瞥见一个人影奔向栏杆,然后听到慢慢拖动的身体一步一步爬向塔顶。”

'The old man paused and I turned to go.

'By the way', he added, 'have you any free time this afternoon? If so, why don't y ou have tea in the lighthouse? We are putting on a special boat trip to-day. We're charg ing a pound. And my brother, who bought the old lighthouse when they built the new one just on the point, can serve very good teas there - included in the price of the boat trip-a bargain, considering the problem of obtaining the food. And if you are at all sen sitive to the supernatural, you're likely to have an unusual, perhaps an uncanny experi ence there.

老头停了停,我转身欲走。

“对了,”补充道,“今天下午您有空吗?有空的话,为什么不到那座灯塔去喝杯茶?今天我们开专船,收费一镑。当人们在那个地方建造了一座新灯塔时,我兄弟买下了那座旧的,那里可以提供很好的茶,交易是茶钱包括在船费里,要知道弄到吃的是很费事的。如果您对超自然的东西很感兴趣的话,在那里你可能会有一次不同寻常或者说是不可思议的经历。”

I eyed him appreciatively. 'Y ou're wasting your talents', I said. 'Y ou should have been a fiction writer.

我欣赏地看着他。“您真是在浪费您的才能”我说道,“您本应该是个小说家。”

'Y ou don't believe it? exclaimed the old man indignantly.

'I'd find it a job,' I answered. ' My father, Henry Cox, started as keeper of that lig hthouse fifty- two years ago, and he and Jim Dowley, now retired on a pension, were i n charge for ten years. Come and see my dad one day with that tale; he'd enjoy it' .

But the old man had already turned his attention to a more likely client.

“你不相信?”老人愤怒地喊道。

“我很难相信。”我回答说,“我父亲叫亨利·科克斯,52 年前就开始当那个灯塔的管理员,他和吉姆·道利现在都已退休拿养老金。他们管理了十几年。哪天带上那个传说来看看我父亲,他一定会喜欢的。”

但老头已经把注意力转向一个更有可能上当的顾客去了。

2015年 河海大学研究生英语一 Unit 11 The Iks

Unit 11 The Iks The small tribe of Iks, formerly nomadic hunters and gatherers in the mountain valleys of northern Uganda, have become celebrities, literary symbols for the ultimate fate of disheartened, heartless mankind at large. Two disastrously conclusive things happened to them: the government decided to have a national park, so they were compelled by law to give up hunting in the valleys and become farmers on poor hillside soil, and then they were visited for two years by an anthropologist who detested them and wrote a book about them. 小部落伊克人，曾经在乌干达北部山谷里过着狩猎和采集的游牧民族生活，已变成名人，总体来说，成了最终命运沮丧的、无情的人的人文象征。两件具有灾难性、决定性意义的事情发生在他们身上。政府决定建一座国家公园，所以他们依法被迫放弃在山谷里的狩猎生活，而变成贫瘠的山坡地里的农民。之后，一个憎恶他们的人类学家访问了他们两年，并写了一本关于他们的书。 The message of the book is that the Iks have transformed themselves into an irreversibly disagreeable collection of unattached, brutish creatures, totally selfish and loveless, in response to the dismantling of their traditional culture. Moreover, this is what the rest of us are like in our inner selves, and we will all turn into Iks when the structure of our society comes all unhinged. 书的主旨是说，伊克人已经将自己变成了无药可救的不友善的人渣，是独立的、野兽般的生物，完全的自私无情。这是对他们分崩离析的传统文化所做出的反应。此外，这也是我们内在本性的模样。当我们的社会结构全部瓦解时，我们都将变成伊克人。 The argument rests, of course, on certain assumptions about the core of human beings, and is necessarily speculative. You have to agree in advance that man is fundamentally a bad lot , out for himself alone , displaying such graces as affection and compassion only as learned habits . If you take this view, the story of the Iks can be used to confirm it. These people seem to be living together, clustered in small, dense villages, but they are really solitary, unrelated individuals with no evident use for each other. They talk, but only to make ill-tempered demands and cold refusals. They share nothing. They never sing. They turn the children out to forage as soon as they can walk, and desert the elders to starve whenever they can, and the foraging children snatch food from the mouths of the helpless elders. It is a mean society. 论点当然是建立在对人性的必要的推测性假设的基础上。首先，你得同意人性本恶，所表现出的喜爱和同情的优雅，仅仅是学到的习性，并非与生俱来。如果你持此观点，伊克人的故事就可以用来佐证。这些人表面上生活在一起，群居在小而密集的村庄，但是他们真的是独立的、没有关联的、对别人毫无明显作用的个人。他们聊天，但仅仅是提出坏脾气的要求，做出冷漠的拒绝。他们毫无分享，从不唱歌。他们将刚会走路的孩子赶出去寻找食物，将老人抛弃任由其饿死。觅食的孩子从无助的老者嘴下抢夺食物。这是个卑鄙自私的社会。 They breed without love or even casual regard. They defecate on each other’s doorsteps. They watch their neighbors for signs of misfortune, and only then do they laugh. In the book they do a lot of laughing, having so much bad luck. Several times they even laughed at the anthropologist, who found this especially repellent (one

2015年河海大学研究生英语一Unit1GhostsforTea(精)

Unit 1 Ghosts for T ea ' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope. 'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.' “十便士看海湾风光。”那个带着望远镜的老头说道。 “多么晴朗美丽的早晨。来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年大海难的遗迹吧!” Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent. 十便士是纯粹的抢劫,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。 Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unr olling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and do dging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one ano ther as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse sto od on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the light house, the man beside me tapped my wrist. 峭壁伸展向远处,海风激起的波浪闪耀着铺展在沙滩上,海面上几艘游艇伴着乳白色风帆优雅地弯成弧形避开。天空下方,一群海鸥在一只只的叫唤着,侧身滑过水面。离岸一英里处,在海浪贪婪地拍打的岩石上,那座古老的灯塔矗立在一石头平台上。的确我决不会吝惜钱。当我把望远镜对准灯塔时,我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。 ' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse? ' he asked in a hushed whisper.

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 1 Ghosts for Tea

' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope. 'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck o f 1935.' 十便士看一次海湾风光，”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道：“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。” Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent. 要十便士简直是敲诈勒索，可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。 Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the b each, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were b eing greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the teles cope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist. 峭壁向远方伸展，海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花，冲上海滩。海面上几艘游艇张着乳白色的风帆优雅地避开浪头蜿蜓前进。山崖下面，一群海鸥相互叫唤着，在海面上盘旋飞翔。离岸一英里处，在海浪贪婪地吮舔着的岩岸上，那座古老的灯塔矗立在一座石头平台上。说实话，我毫不吝惜那几个钱。当我把望远镜转朝灯塔时，站在我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse?' he asked in a hushed whisper. 'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-looking place' , I suggested . “您听过在那座灯塔里发生的一起骇人听闻的惨案吗?”他压低了嗓声对我说。“我想这个地方看起来非常富有戏剧性，有关它的传说一定不少，”我说。 'It's no legend' , declared the old man.'My father knew the two men involved. It all took place fift y years ago to-day. Let me tell you. His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic. “这可不是传说，”那老头郑重其事地说。“我父亲认识那起惨案的两个当事人。一切都发生在50年前的今天。让我说给您听听吧。” 他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。 'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with terrifying seas s urging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious about the two men working th ere. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three weeks before, when they had quarrelled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused Blake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge th e insult to his honour. But thanks to the wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologise d to each other, and soon seemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentme nt and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough we ather might affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious the consequences would be. “整整一个礼拜，风暴困住了那座灯塔，”他开始说。 “咆啸的大海波涛汹涌，海浪拍打着岩石，轰然作响。岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。他们俩是多年的挚友，但在两三个礼拜前，他们在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。马丁指责布莱克打牌时耍赖，布莱克则发誓要对侮辱他人格的不实之辞进行报复。多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝，他们才互相道了歉，并以乎很快地结束了他们之间的不快。不过各自心里还有些怨恨。因此，人们担心长时间与世隔绝所造成的极度紧张和恶劣的天气会使

2015年--河海大学研究生英语一-Unit-16---The-Role-of-Science-Fiction

2015年--河海大学研究生英语一 -Unit-16---The-Role-of-Scie nce-Fiction

Unit 16 The Role of Science Fiction The year 1972 was marked by this publication of a controversial book. The Limits to Growth. This study of the world’s future, done by a team of MIT scientists with the aid of computer “models” of the future of our society, forecast a planetwide disaster unless humankind sharply limits its population growth and consumption of natural resources. 1972年为世人所瞩目的一件事就是出版了一本颇有争议的书——《增长的极限》。这一有关世界前景的研究，是由麻省理工学院一组科学家借助模拟未来社会的电脑“模型”进行的，预言了人类若不大幅度限制人口增长和自然资源消耗，就会出现全球性的灾难。 Most people were caught by surprise when the book came out. Many refused to believe that disaster is possible, probable, inevitable---if we don’t change our mode of running Spaceship Earth. But science fiction people were neither surprised nor outraged. The study was really old news to them. They’d been making their own “models” of tomorrow and testing them all their lives. 该书问世时大多数人吃了一惊。许多人拒绝相信存在发生灾难的可能性、盖然性、必然性——倘使我们不改变对“地球飞船”的管理方式的话。但科幻小说家及其读者却既不惊讶，也不愤慨。事实上，这项研究对他们来说已不是什么新鲜事了。他们毕生都在制作自己的未来世界“模型”，并付诸试验。 For what the scientists attempted with their computer model is very much like the thing that science fiction writers and readers have been doing for decades. Instead of using a computer to “model” a future world society, science fiction writers have used their human imaginations. This gives the writers some enormous advantages. 因为科学家们试图用电脑模型实现的事与科幻小说作家及其读者数十年来所做的非常相象。科幻小说作家并不依靠电脑来“模拟”一个未来世界，而是凭借人类的想象力。这给了作家某些极为有利的条件。 One of the advantages is flexibility. 有利条件之一就是灵活性。 Science fiction writers are not in the business of predicting the future. They do something much more important. They try to show the many possible futures that lie open to us. 科幻小说作家的职责不在预言未来，他们做的比这重要得多。他们试图展现许多可能出现在我们面前的前景。 For there is not simply a future, a time to come that’s inevitable. Our future is built, bit by bit, minute by minute, by the actions of human beings. One vital role of science fiction is to show what kinds of future might result from certain kinds of human actions. 因为并非只有一种前途，一种时代会不可避免地降临人间。我们的未来世界是由人类用自身的行动一点一滴地、一分一秒地创造起来的。科幻小说的一个重要作用，便是揭示人类某几种行为的结果会形成哪几种未来世界。 To communicate the ideas, the fears and feel of all infinite possible futures, science fiction writers lean heavily on another of their advantages: the art of

河海大学研究生英语教程翻译(Unit11-20)

Unit 11 The Iks Iks 小部落从前是游牧的猎人，聚居在乌干达北部的山谷中，现在这个部落变得很有名，整体上是灰心沮丧的，残忍冷酷的人类的终极命运的文学象征。两件确实是灾难的事发生在他们身上：政府决定拥有一个国家公园，所以他们被法律迫使放弃山谷中的打猎生活，在贫瘠的山坡的土壤上变成农民，然后一个讨厌他们，研究他们两年的人类学家写了一本关于他们的书。 这本书的主题是：由于传统文化的废除，IKs变成一群彼此毫无关系，残酷无情，而又绝对令人讨厌的人，他们完全的自私和冷酷。此外，这些特征正像我们内心的自己，当我们的社会结构完全错乱时，我们也将全部变成Iks。 这篇论文依据某种关于人类本质的设想，这种设想必然是推测而来的。你不得不预先同意人类从本质上讲是坏的，完全为了他自己，展现出来的例如爱和同情这样的美德仅仅是后天学到的习惯。如果你采纳这个观点，Iks人的故事便可以证实它。这些人似乎是一直生活在一起，聚居在拥挤的小村庄，但是他们都是一群真正的独居的无关联的个体，彼此间没有明显的好处。他们说话，但是只是做一些坏脾气的要求和冷漠的拒绝。他们不分享。他们从不唱歌。他们的孩子一能走路就被打发出去寻找食物，只要有可能他们便抛弃那些老人，使他们饿死，那些寻找食物的孩子从无助的老人口中抢夺食物。它是一个不友好的社会。 他们养育子女，但是不是出于爱，甚至也不是出于偶尔的关心。他们在彼此的台阶上随地大小便。他们观察他们的邻居，以等待不幸的降临，而且只有那时他们才大笑。在书中，他们经常笑，因为有太多厄运。好几次，他们甚至嘲笑人类学家，使人类学家发现这种嘲笑尤其令人反感（读者在字里行间发现，学者本身不是这世界上最幸运的人）。更糟糕的是，他们把他带到家中，抢夺他的食物，在他的台阶上大小便，并且呵斥人类学家。他们给他糟糕的两年。 它是一本令人沮丧的书。如果，正像他建议的那样，在我们每个人的心中只有IK人的特性，我们唯一的维系人性的希望，将是不断地修补我们社会的结构，然而我们的社会结构变得如此之快，如此之完全，以至于我们不能及时找到修补社会的方法。同时，让我们独自一个人相处，我们也会变得同样没有快乐，没有激情，没有同情心的孤独的动物。 但是这个观点也许太狭隘。首先，IKs人如此的不寻常，事实上，他们绝对令人震惊。人类学家从没有在其他任何地方见过这样的人，我也是。你们也许该想想，如果他们完全能代表人类的共性，那么他们似乎更加容易被辨认出来。然而，他们既稀奇古怪又非同寻常。我也知道一些古怪、执拗、神经质、自私的人，但是在我一生中，我从没有遇到真正的一直令人厌恶的人。Iks人看上去更像是反常的，有病的人。 我不能接受这个观点。我相信Iks人并不能代表孤立的，被揭示本性的人，社会习俗使人类的本质更加清晰分明。我相信他们的行为是额外的，外加给他们的，不是天生的。这种无休止的，强迫性的，令人讨厌的行为是一种复杂的仪式。他们一定通过学习才这样做的，他们通过某种方式模仿学来的。 我有一种理论。Iks人一定是疯了。 一个独处的Ik人，孤立于被土崩瓦解的文化废墟中，已经为自己建立起新的防御工事。如果你居住在一个不用工作的社会，你也可以建立一个属于你自己的防御工事，这就是IKs 人所做的。每一个Ik人变成一个组织，独自一人的部落，一个选举区。 现在所有的事都开始明朗化。对我们所有人来说，这就是为什么Ik人似曾相识的原因。我们以前已经见过他们。这恰恰是小到委员会大到国家的大小不等的组织的行事方式。正是人性的这一方面落后于人类其他的进化，这是为啥Ik看上去原始的原因。当Ik处于绝对的自

研究生英语(第五版)课文翻译.

研究生英语教程（河海大学出版第五版）课文翻译 河海大学研究生英语教程（第五版）课文翻译，仅供参考。祝好运！ Unit 1 Ghosts for Tea “十便士看一次海湾风光，”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道：“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。” 要十便士简直是敲诈勒索，可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。 峭壁向远方伸展，海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花，冲上海滩。海面上几艘游艇张着乳白色的风帆优雅地避开浪头蜿蜓前进。山崖下面，一群海鸥相互叫唤着，在海面上盘旋飞翔。离岸一英里处，在海浪贪婪地吮舔着的岩岸上，那座古老的灯塔矗立在一座石头平台上。说实话，我毫不吝惜那几个钱。当我把望远镜转朝灯塔时，站在我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。 “您听过在那座灯塔里发生的一起骇人听闻的惨案吗?”他压低了嗓音对我说。 “我想这个地方看起来非常富有戏剧性，有关它的传说一定不少，”我说。 “这可不是传说，”那老头郑重其事地说。“我父亲认识那起惨案的两个当事人。一切都发生在50年前的今天。让我说给您听听吧。” 他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。 “整整一个礼拜，风暴困住了那座灯塔，”他开始说。“咆啸的大海波涛汹涌，海浪拍打着岩石，轰然作响。岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。 他们俩是多年的挚友，但在两三个礼拜前，他们在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。马丁指责布莱克打牌时耍赖，布莱克则发誓要对侮辱他人格的不实之辞进行报复。多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝，他们才互相道了歉，并似乎很快地结束了他们之间的不快。不过各自心里还有些怨恨。因此，人们担心长时间与世隔绝所造成的极度紧张和恶劣的天气会使他们俩神经过敏，尽管两人的朋友们不消说还根本没意识到后果会有多么严重。” “离今50年前的那个晚上，灯塔上没有出现灯光，直到凌晨两点钟左右才有一束灯光突然发出警告信号。 “第二天早上，灯光依然可见。风暴已经平息了，人们派出一条救生船前去查看情况。等待人们的却是一个不忍目睹的场面——马丁和布莱克的起居室一片骇人景象，桌子翻倒在地，一副牌散得到处都是，地板上溅满了血迹。营救人员爬上旋梯来到灯塔间，在那儿发现了马丁的尸体蜷缩在仍然亮着的灯旁。他是被戳死的。两天后，布莱克的尸体被潮水冲了上来，他身上划破多处，浑身青肿，伤得不轻。 “我们只是在那时才猜测到究竟发生了什么事。这场大惨剧只是由于他们俩再次争吵而引起的。他们准是因为与世隔绝而心烦意孔，于是开始玩牌。马丁又怀疑布莱克耍赖，指责这位原先的朋友不老实。接着一场格斗发生了，布莱克一把操起刀子，在一阵狂怒之下向他的伙伴刺去，马丁受了致命伤而倒下。布莱克被自己的行为惊呆了。他受不了这里的孤独寂寞以及风浪的拍击声，于是狂奔到栏杆边纵身投向下面的岩石。接着大海吞噬了他。 “但当时马丁还活着。过了几小时，也就是在天色暗下来以后，他苏醒过来，想起了自己点灯的职责。于是，可怜的马丁忍着剧痛，慢慢地爬上旋梯，一步一步地爬到灯前。用最后剩下的一口气，他点亮了灯塔，然后倒下。 “数年后，据说那座灯塔闹鬼了。就因为这些传说，当地迷信的居民中没有人愿意接替做灯塔管理员。如今人们都说，每年到出事的那一天，尤其是当海上风急浪高的时候，人们

2015年 河海大学研究生英语一Unit 9 pollution is a dirty word

Unit 9 pollution is a dirty word The earth is our home. We must take care of it, for ourselves and for the next generation. This means preserving the quality of our environment. The importance of this task is stressed by scientists who study the relation of man to nature. These scientists are called ecologists, from the Greek word oikos, which means home. Ecologists are responsible for keeping the land, air, and water clean. "How are we doing?" an ecologist was asked recently. "Lousy" the scientist said, sniffing the fume-laden air. "We've got to do a better job - and soon - or it will be too late." 地球是我们的家园。为了我们自己和下一代，必须照顾好它。这意味着保护我们的环境质量。 这项任务的重要性是研究人与自然关系的科学家强调的。这些科学家称为生态学家，来自希腊字Oikos，这意味着家园。生态学家们负责保持土地，空气，和水的清洁。”我们该怎么做？”最近生态学家被问到。“糟糕。”科学家闻着油烟的空气说。“我们必须做得更好，不久，或者很快就太晚了。” Consume, consume, consume! Our society is consumer oriented-dangerously so. To keep the wheels of industry turning, we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities, and, in the process, are rapidly exhausting our natural resources. But this is only half the problem. What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out? They must be disposed of, but how and where? Unsightly junkyards full of rusting automobiles already surround every city in the nation. Americans throw away 80 billion bottles and cans each year, enough to build more than ten stacks to the moon. There isn’t room for much more waste, and yet the factories grind on. They cannot stop because everyone wants a job. Our standard of living, one of the highest in the world, requires the consumption of manufactured products in ever-increasing amounts. Man, about to be buried in his own waste, is caught in a vicious cycle. “Stop the world, I want to get off,” is the way a popular song put man’s dilemma. 消费、消费、消费！我们的社会以消费者为中心－这是很危险的。为了让工业的车轮保持转动，我们大量地生产消费品，而且在此过程中迅速地消耗我们的自然资源。但这只是问题的一半。当这些工业产品被用过之后我们拿它们怎么办呢？它们　必须被处理掉，但是如何处理或在哪里处理呢？堆满生锈汽车的难看的垃圾场已经包围了这个国家的每一座城市。每年美国人扔掉800亿个瓶罐，足够堆到月球十几堆了。再也没有空间放更多的废物了，但是工厂还在继续生产着。工厂不

研究生英语 河海大学 unit7 翻译

Unit 7 信念的治愈力量 1、过去的两年中，我一直在加州大学洛杉矶分校观察那些在癌症中存活的患者，想要找出为什么这些人接受治疗的效果更好。一开始我认为有些患者恢复那么好的原因是他们的病情比较轻，但是经过更仔细的观察，我发现病情的严重性只是为什么他们和其他人治疗效果不同的许多原因中的其中一个原因。我这里讨论到的病人接受了他们各自所需要的不同的治疗，像药物治疗、放射性疗法、手术等等。然而病人对于这些治疗方法的反应和效果不尽相同。一些患者接受治疗后恢复效果比其他人要好的多。 2、会什么会存在如此大的不同？有没有什么是所有治愈的存活者共有的特点？答案是有。我发现这些存活者的大多数特点都非常相似，这其中包括了下列几点： ●他们都有强烈的想生存下去的意愿。 ●他们并不惧怕疾病。 ●他们相信自己能够坚持不懈。 ●尽管所有预测都是向着不好的方向，他们仍然相信他们可以成功存活下来。 ●他们会给出充满欢乐的答复。 ●他们确信他们的治疗可以起作用。 3、有一位我比较熟悉的妇女可以代表这整个群体，大家都叫她安妮。她的病情被诊断为肝癌。一项探究性的手术使那些外科医生确定她的病用现有的医疗手段是不可能治愈的了。但是安妮完全没有因为这个结论而灰心丧气，她完全确信她可以客服这个疾病并战胜它，她决定用她的肉体和精神所有力量来与病魔斗争。她的这种精神给她的家庭医生留下了深刻的印象，他认为专家下的这个可怕的结论不应该成为妨碍安妮继续努力的理由。这位家庭医生非常支持安妮，并鼓励她去休斯敦找一名外科医生，这位外科医生对于那些有着强烈生存意愿与信心的患者的治疗十分显著，他的名字叫约翰·斯特林。 4、安妮去了休斯敦并且收到了斯特林医生的接见。她去了圣约瑟夫医院，斯特林医生的患者在那里接受治疗。这家医院的设置不是令人压抑的白色，而是由许多令人愉快的、很有吸引力的小屋子构成，最大的一间被称作起居室，那里装饰了一些简约的座椅，有阅读角，还有影音装置，里面有一长列的磁带记录着一些十分有趣的影像。在阅读完我为英格兰医药时报撰写的一篇讲述笑容的医疗作用的文章之后，斯特林医生就安装了这些设备并且购买了那些磁带。他一直相信希望和笑容对治疗十分有作用，他发现那些经常很开心的人接受治疗的效果比那些忧虑不安并畏惧疾病的患者要好得多。 5、仅仅和斯特林医生一起呆了15分钟，安妮就觉得心情变好并被周围的环境所感染而感到十分兴奋。她遇见了一些比她的病情更为严重的病人。斯特林医生为安妮做了检查并且查看了她的病例，然后他告诉安妮他很愿意对她进行治疗并尽可能提供最好的帮助，但是唯一要求是安妮必须要完全地相信医生、她自己还有手术。斯特林医生建议安妮回家好好想一想。 6、安妮确实回家了，但是没有什么好考虑的，她很渴望能够成功存活下去。当她回到休斯敦的时候，斯特林医生认为很明显她已经非常有动力了。他做了手术并切除了安妮约70%的肝脏，然而安妮在圣约瑟夫医院恢复地十分迅速。她在一个充满了力量与支持的环境中振

河海大学研究生英语翻译Unit 5

Unit 5 Take a Lesson from the Economists Economics is the dismal science: so say the large number of people who heap sc orn on the intellectural merits of the discipline. Much of the criticism comes from "pu re" or "proper" scientist —— physicists, chemists and biologists. Now, economics cer tainly has its failings. But the general way in which economists approach and describe the world, and how they convey their message about it to others , carries lessons whic h pure scientists should learn from. 经济学是沉闷的科学:所以说,大量的人嗤之以鼻的方式的优点的纪律。大部分的批评来自于“纯”或“适当的”科学家——物理学家、化学家和生物学家。现在,经济学当然有其缺点。但是一般的方式方法和描述这个世界的经济学家,以及他们如何传达他们的消息对其他人,上了一课,纯科学家应该学习。 Economics has inexactitudes and vagueness built into it. The general lack of rel iable data about past events makes virtually impossible the accurate measurement of e ven the most basic economic variables, such as the total volume of output in a country , or the path of consumer spending, or inflation. 经济学是由不精确性和模糊性建成的。普遍缺乏对过去事件的可靠的数据使得几乎不可能有准确的测量,即使是最基本的经济变量,如一个国家的输出总量,或者消费支出的路径,或通货膨胀。 If economists are hazy about what is going right now, they are even less sure ab out the future. Due to the general measurement difficulties, as well as unforeseen even ts such as wars or natural disasters, economic forecasts are almost always wrong, som etimes by wide margins. As for economic theories, they change almost according to fa shion, with economists allowed to move effortlessly between them, sometimes holdin g several contrasting points of view at the same time. 如果经济学家朦胧的关于什么将会发生,现在他们更不确定的未来。由于通用测量困难,以及不可预见的事件,如战争或自然灾害,经济预测几乎总是错的,有时是由宽的利润率。至于经济理论,他们改变几乎根据时尚,经济学家可以毫不费力地移动它们之间,有时在同一时间持有多种截然相反的观点。 The contrast with scientists could not be starker. The tools of an economist's tra de are muddy data, loose theorising and a shambling approach to causality which says . that a set of interactions between A, B and C MIGHT lead to a conclusion Z (and on ly via a roundabout route which takes in P, Q and R as well) . Scientists have a harder-edged way of looking at the world, requiring a set of rigid theories and data based on painstaking experimental observation. 相比之下,科学家们有着天壤之别。经济学家的贸易工具是泥泞的数据,松散理论和呆滞的因果性说。这一组之间的交互,B和C可能导致结论Z(和只能通过一个迂回路线,需要在P,Q,R)。科学家们有一个硬朗的看待世界的方式,需要一套严格的理论和基于细心的实验观察的数据。 But the economists have been able to use the vagueness with which their subje ct is afflicted to their advantage. By concentrating on broad conclusions to problems a nd communicating these in terms that can be understood by the special interest groups they are dealing with, economists have had a generally good record in "assimilating t hemselves into positions of influence. Scientists have done rather less well by concent

最新--河海大学研究生英语一-Unit-19---The-Essayist资料

Unit 19 The Essayist The essayist is a self-liberated man, sustained by the childish belief that everything he thinks about, everything that happens to him, is of general interest. He is a fellow who thoroughly enjoys his work, just as people who take bird walks enjoy theirs. Each new excursion of the essayist, each new “attempt”, differs from the last and takes him into new country. This delights him. Only a person who is congenitally self-centered has the effrontery and the stamina to write essays. 散文家是一位自我解脱的人，靠一种幼稚的信念支撑着，他总认为自己想到的一切，自己遭遇的一切，是大家都感兴趣的。他是一个充分欣赏自己工作的人，就像遛鸟的人欣赏他们的工作那样。散文家的每一次新的游览，每一次新的“尝试”，都和前一次不同，而且总把他带进新的国度里去。这使他很快慰。只有生来以自我为中心的人才会厚颜无耻、持之以恒地去写散文。 There are as many kinds of essays as there are human attitudes or poses, as many essay flavors as there are Howard Johnson ice creams. The essayist arises in the morning and, if he has work to do, selects his garb from an unusually extensive wardrobe: he can pull on any sort of shirt, be any sort of person, according to his mood or his subject matter--philosopher, scold, jester, raconteur, confidant, pundit, devil’s advocate, enthusiast. I like the essay, have always liked it, and even as a child was at work, attempting to inflict my young thoughts and experiences on others by putting them on paper. I early broke into print in the pages of St.Nicholas. I tend still to fall back on the essay form ( or lack of form) when an idea strikes me, but I am not fooled about the place of the essay in twentieth-century American letters--it stands a short distance down the line. The essayist, unlike the novelist, the poet, and the playwright, must be content in his self-imposed role of second-class citizen. A writer who has his sights trained on the Nobel Prize or other earthly triumphs had best write a novel, a poem, or a play, and leave the essay to ramble about, content with living a free life and enjoying the satisfactions of a somewhat undisciplined existence. (Dr. Johnson called the essay “an irregular, undigested piece”; this happy practitioner has no wish to quarrel with the good doctor’s characterization. 散文种类很多，犹如人的姿态，而散文风格韵味之多则犹如霍华德?约翰逊的冰淇淋。散文家清晨起来，倘若有工作得做，总从一批特别多样化的服装中挑选出他的外衣来：且不论他是哪一类人，他可以根据自己的心境或是题材披上任何种类的衬衫——哲学家、爱骂人的人、诙谐的人、讲故事的人、知己朋友、学术权威、爱唱反调的人、热心人士。我爱好散文，一向爱好，孩提时就动手写文章，试图把我年轻的思想与经历写在纸上，强加给别人。我写的散文最早刊登在《圣尼古拉杂志》上。当我突然有了一个想法时，我还是倾向于采用散文这种形式（或者可以说是，缺乏任何形式），不过我对于散文在二十世纪美国文坛上的地位并没有上当受骗。——总的说来，散文地位偏低。散文家不像小说家、诗人和剧作家，他必须满足于自己强加上身的二等公民的角色。一个目光瞄准诺贝尔奖或是世上其他荣誉的作家，最好写一篇小说、一首诗或一部戏剧，撇下散文家四下漫游，满足于一种自由自在的生活，享受着一种或多或少散漫生活的种种快事。（约翰逊博士把散文称为“一篇不合常规的、未经整理的文字”；我这个快乐的散文作者无意就那位好博士关于散文特性的描述进行指责。）