口译教程10

.

Module 10 Coping tactics in interpreting

I Theory and skills

由于口译的现场性强，口译工作常伴随巨大的压力，即使是语言能力很强、准备工作做得非常充分的译员，口译中仍可能由于讲话人的语速太快、口音太重、信息太密集，或者由于现场环境和口译员自身状态等原因而出现困难，译员需要尽量不动声色地应对这些临时出现的困难，让口译继续进行下去。因此有人将口译过程比作是一个危机处理过程，这的确道出了口译工作中不为一般人所知的方面。

口译理解中最常见的困难是没听清或没听懂一个单词、句子甚至是一段话，或者是听懂了但记不住。无论遇到哪种情况，最重要的一点是保持冷静，不要慌张。口译不是字词的对译，而是信息的传达。一个词或几个词没听懂，并不一定会影响对整段话的理解，关键在于保持冷静心态，继续往下听，往往根据上下文能够得出整段话的含义和关键信息所在。因此，对于个别未听懂的部分，可以省略或者采取模糊处理的方法，即说一些与上下文并不矛盾但并没有什么实质性内容的话。但如果遇到关键的信息没有听懂，口译无法继续，则需要请讲话人解释一下，再进行口译。但这种方法不宜使用得过于频繁，以免造成听众对口译员的不信任。在条件不允许的情况下，只能根据自己对口译任务和讲话人背景的了解，结合上下文进行合理猜测。

听懂了但记不住也是初学者经常碰到的问题，这是由于口译记忆本身的局限性加上译员笔记运用不当造成的。口译记忆和口译笔记的技巧在前面几课已经进行了详尽的阐述。这里需要特别强调的是，口译记忆和笔记针对的是信息，而不是原语讲话的具体用词。如果记忆只是停留在原语的字词表层，未能对信息进行逻辑分析等深加工，那么信息遗忘的几率则相对较高。笔记如果只记了一些零散的词语，而没有体现逻辑线索，也无法起到对整段信息进行提示的作用。有的学员在听完一段话后，往往记住了一些细节，而对信息的组织和结构却很模糊，这是学口译的人特别应该注意避免的。口译员的困难不仅来自于原语理解，也来自译语表达。口译表达障碍主要表现为译员短时记忆失效以及无法找到确切合适的译语表达。口译表达中的应对技巧旨在帮助译员跨越现场遇到的表达障碍，尽量消除其消极影响，保持听众对译员的信任，使口译能正常进行下去。译员可采取的现场策略主要包括四大类。

笼统表达

当译员无法准确、完整译出某个表达或讲话人所列举的一连串名词时，可通过使用上义词或较模糊的一般化表达概而述之。如将“Look, how well-equipped a Chinese kitchen is.

There is a fridge and a freezer, a dish-washer, a washing machine with a spin-dryer, a

cooker and a vacuum-cleaner.”译成“看，中国家庭的厨房配置多齐全！电冰箱、洗碗机等家电，应有尽有。”；将会议主席“Mr. Werner Steinbeck”译成“主席先生”；“三千四百三十二万”译成“more than thirty-four million”。

解释

当译员对某一表达无法找到确切的译语表达时，可通过解释的办法将信息传达给听者。如将“三农问题”译成“the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers”；将“打着灯笼无法找”译成“hard to come by, rare”；“红烧狮子头”译成“a stewed large pork ball with

brown sauce”；“a Catch-22 situation”译成“两难境地”；“gopher”译成“一种生活在北美洲和中美洲的穴居动物”。

原语复读

.

.

对于某些词或术语，译员若由于时间关系，或由于不知道对应的译文表达，或由于根本不理解原语意义以至无法给出译文时，便可采用原语复读的做法，即模仿原语读音将信息传送给听者，如原语复读“IOU”，“太极”，“旗袍”，“Mr. Montgomery”“Mississippi”“PowerPoint”和“TGV”等。

原语复读有时非常有效，在技术性强的会议上尤其实用。

信息省略

当译员认为将接收到的信息全盘机械地翻译过去无法达到交际目的时，可以采用“信息省略”的策略，即有意识地省略部分信息。这些情形包括：讲话人太罗嗦，不断重复；原语太模糊；原语文化寓意太微妙。信息省略并不等同于信息丢失，其目的是帮助译员更好地完成交际任务，达到交际的目的。例如，对于中文开场白“谢谢大家光临。由于本人学识浅薄，加之准备不充分，所讲之处肯定多有疏漏和不妥，请大家包涵”，译员只需翻译最主要的信息，即“Thank you for coming”，后面的信息带有浓厚的中国文化色彩，不必直译出来，否则，会使目的语听众难以接受，以至影响交际效果。

II Skills practice

Teaching tips: Encourage the students to accept the fact that interpreting is crisis management in itself and coping is part of the job even for veteran interpreters. Good preparation and confidence in addition to one's language competence and interpreting

skills can help reduce the need for coping.

Instruction: Interpret the following passage, trying to use the coping tactics we introduced

in section I.

10.1 Speech by Sir John Bond at the China Development Forum

Good evening, Ladies and Gentlemen.

I have to say it's great to be standing in an economy that's growing at seven per cent.

Life's a lot more fun when an economy is growing. I'd certainly like to spend more of my

time here than in economies growing at 1.5 per cent.

I gave a speech in the US last month when I pointed out that China had been the world's largest economy for 18 out of the last 20 centuries. And there is no doubt in my mind that China will regain that position.

I feel privileged to be here to listen to China's leaders explain their policies, and their thinking. I also think that the willingness to listen to other people's experiences shows a

mature attitude which is in contrast, I am sorry to say, to many in the West.

It is always a matter of amazement to me that some Western politicians and

.

.

commentators –from countries that are no larger than one province of China –feel well qualified to tell China how it should be governed.

It behoves all of us to understand that the challenge of governing a country of 1.3 billion people is something that nobody is qualified to speak on, except China's leaders themselves, and, I guess maybe India's.

It seems to me that every nation needs policies to suit its own history and culture. It is arrogant in the extreme to think that there is a one-size-fits-all solution that works for everyone, and even more arrogant to think that your particular solution is the only one.

I have nothing but admiration for the progress China has made since I first visited in 1972. The Chinese leadership has shown great skill in achieving stunning economic growth over the past 25 years while at the same time managing the change and transition that this

level of growth inevitably brings.

The development of consumer markets is an important part of this process. Because

two-thirds of most economies are driven by consumer spending, China has huge potential consumer markets which will underpin economic growth both today and, even more so, tomorrow.

Globally, HSBC sees the consumer markets of tomorrow as China, India, Brazil, Mexico;

all countries that have the potential to move very rapidly up the GDP-per-capita scale. We would put China at the top of the list.

Everywhere I go, I see tangible signs of China's progress: in the hotels, in the airports, the transport systems. And there is much more to come.

Getting the right products in the right people's hands at the right prices is the fundamental task of a consumer economy. Putting in place the distribution systems to facilitate the creation of consumer markets is going to be hugely important in the years ahead.

In a market, you need measures to protect consumers, but not in such a heavy-handed way as to discourage investment. Drawing the line between the interests of the consumers and the interests of the producers is a delicate task for governments and business people.

I do not underestimate the challenges that China faces. But based on the track record over the past 25 years, I know China will meet the challenge and leapfrog the West in many areas –I think of technology and communications. And in the process, China has the opportunity to avoid some of the pitfalls that have snared（设圈套；阻碍）progress elsewhere.

The scale of the opportunity for China makes this the most important meeting that I attend .

.

every year. I am honoured to be a participant.

10.2 Opening Speech at the Western China International Economic & Trade Fair

Governor Zhang, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen:

I am delighted to be here this morning to open the Western China International Econoic and Trade Fair. I would like to thank the People's Government of Sichuan for inviting us to attend this important event where government leaders from Beijing and twelve other provinces meet to discuss strategies for developing China's Western Region. //

This event reflects the strong commitment of the Government and the people of China to develop its Western Regions. I am very impressed with the enthusiasm and determination demonstrated not only by the public sector, but also by the increasing level of private sector interest in supporting the Western development goals set forth by the government. //

Although opening to the rest of the world is vital, China's future is chiefly determined by the growth of its domestic market. The Government's push to accelerate the development of the western provinces is vital to the success of achieving sustained growth for China in the long run. To the extent the growth rate of western provinces lags, it will retard the growth rate of the whole economy. Given the significant incidence of poverty in the western provinces, growth is essential to create the jobs needed to reduce poverty and the prevailing inequalities. //

The mission of the World Bank Group is closely aligned with development priorities associated with the nexus of issues surrounding growth, poverty, and inequality. Over the past two decades, we have provided about 8 billion Dollars to support about 100 projects in China's western provinces. The International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private sector arm of the World Bank Group, has been very active in supporting private sector investments in the Western Region. The IFC has invested over one billion Dollars in more than 40 projects in China. Close to 20% of these investments are in China's West. //

These investment activities have been instrumental in supporting the growth of the

domestic private sector and in mobilizing FDI. The World Bank and IFC will continue to support the Government and the private sector in their efforts to accelerate the western development. It is encouraging to see, therefore, that all of the important agents of change are coming together to develop the private sector as the new engine for growth in China's lagging areas. //

The purpose of my current visit to China is to assess recent economic developments in China, and discuss with senior leaders of the Government about the World Bank Group's assistance strategy for China after its accession to the WTO. I started my visit two days

ago in the western province of Yunnan and have now come to Sichuan. I have seen good

.

.

examples of how the World Bank Group can offer assistance to the Government and the private sector to develop China's West. // There are also formidable challenges, however, that cannot be overlooked. These include, but are not limited to, continued efforts to

create and improve the enabling business environment, and managing growth in a

socially equitable and environmentally sustainable manner. But I am confident that these challenges will be managed. //

In closing, I would like to thank the Government of Sichuan for its support to World Bank

and IFC operations in Sichuan. We look forward to working with all of you to contribute to

the development of China's West and to improve people's lives in this important part of the country. Thank you! //

III Interpreting practice

Instruction: Familiarize yourself with the following words and phrases, and start

interpreting at the end of each segment.

10.3第四届中国国际高新技术成果交易会开幕辞

尊敬的各位来宾、各位朋友、女士们、先生们：

在秋天这个收获的季节，在中国美丽的南海之滨，我们迎来了第四届中国国际高新技术成果交易会，迎来了世界各地的新老朋友。在此，我代表中国政府，向前来参加盛会的海内外嘉宾表示热烈的欢迎！向所有关心和支持“高交会”的朋友们表示衷心的感谢！//

高新技术是先进生产力的集中体现和主要标志，是推动人类社会发展进步的强大动力。知识的不断创新和科技的突飞猛进，不仅极大地推动了全球经济的发展，并越来越深刻地改变和丰富了人们的生活。//

中国的科技发展离不开世界，世界科技的进步也需要中国。中国已经加入了世界贸易组织，正以全方位开放姿态积极融身于全球化浪潮之中。作为国际高科技领域的一支重要力量，中国将以其丰富的科技和知识资源，更加广泛和深入地开展国际高新技术领域的交流与合作，努力为世界科

技发展和人类进步事业做出更大的贡献。//

中国国际高新技术成果交易会是中国高新技术领域对外开放的一项重要举措。此前，我们成功地举办了三届“高交会”。“高交会”集中地展示了一大批我国最新的高新技术成果，展示了国际知名的高科技公司的先进产品和技术，广泛传播世界高科技发展的前沿理念，有效地推动了科技成果向现实生产力的转化，“高交会”已成为中国与世界在高新技术领域的开放窗口和交流舞台。//

女士们、先生们，我深信，本届交易盛会一定会给与会的朋友们带来收获；我预祝，第四届“高交会”取得更加丰硕的成果！//

10.4 Speech at International Seminar on HRD in Western Chin a

词汇与短语

HRD (Human Resources Development) 人力资源开发

bidding for the Olympic Games 申奥

highlight 使显著，突出

.

.

influx 流入

disparity 差距

ADB (Asian Development Bank) 亚洲开发银行

“go west”“到西部去”

absorptive capacity 吸收能力

reiterate 重申

Mr. Chairman, distinguished participants, ladies and gentlemen:

It is a pleasure for me to address this International Seminar on Human Resource Development in Western China. //

A few days ago, we were all impressed by the excellent presentation of the Beijing Olympic Committee in the bidding for 2008 Olympic games. The China that the world sees on international TV is vivid images of modern office buildings and retail complexes, fashionably dressed people and economic success stories. The luxury hotel that this conference is taking place in is a good example of this image of China. However, as those of us who have traveled extensively in China know, this is not a complete picture of China. //

There are many things that one could talk about to highlight these differences between the coastal regions and the interior regions. For example, during the 1990s the economy grew about 30 percent faster on the East Coast than in the interior provinces; GDP per capita in the interior provinces is slightly less than half that of the coastal area; 82 percent of all foreign funded enterprises are located on the East Coast; and only 6 percent of the

foreign trade generated by foreign funded enterprises originated in the interior regions. //

The picture painted by these regional disparities makes a compelling case to accelerate growth in the interior provinces. The Government's Western Development Strategy will accelerate the development of the western region and promote further reform and opening-up. ADB welcomes and supports this strategy. //

I would now like to take a few minutes to tell you what the ADB is doing to help promote development in the western region. The ADB's operational strategy for China is designed to promote sustainable, pro-poor economic growth to reduce poverty and improve productivity and people's welfare. //

Since beginning operations in 1986, ADB has lent about $10 billion to China. China makes very good use of the ADB's money. Projects are implemented on or ahead of schedule and generally achieve their objectives. //

There has been a dramatic shift in the geographic focus of the ADB's operations. Between 1986 and 1995 about two thirds of our lending was to support projects along the East Coast and about one third was for projects in the interior provinces. The Government and the ADB adopted a goal to promote growth in the poorer inland provinces. //

.

.

Better human resources are needed to better manage investment and attract more investors to the western region. Thus, human resource development has emerged as one of the top priorities in carrying out the “go west”policy. There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in the interior regions. However, there is a shortage of high-level talents and managerial professionals.// The Western Region faces many challenges. The ADB's experience is that institutions and human resources are weaker in the interior provinces than along the coast. Unless addressed, this will hinder the social and economic development in the region. The ADB has committed 70 percent of its assistance to the interior provinces where economic development is slow and poverty is widespread. However, the success in accelerating the development of the western region depends on its absorptive capacity. This needs to be strengthened through institutional and human resource development. //

The ADB is preparing for a technical assistance project together with the Western Region Development Office of the State Council on Human Resource Development in the Western Region. The scope of this study will focus on capacity building and human resource development in the fields of development planning and project financial management. //

The ADB will work jointly with the Western Region Development Office and the Asian

大三口译教程课文翻译

1.3 US Vice President's Speech at Fudan University 美国副总统在复旦大学的演讲开场白 Thank you very much, Mr. Mayor. I appreciate your kind words of introduction. And we're delighted to be here today. My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in China. // We are grateful for the welcome we have received, especially for the kind of reception here at Fudan University. We thank you for the honor, and we bring you good wishes from President George W. Bush and the people of the United States.// 非常感谢您，市长先生。谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我夫人与我为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们。我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。 I know that many of you will soon graduate from this great university. I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and a degree from Fudan University signifies years of hard work and discipline. I congratulate each one of you on your achievement, and I commend your teachers for upholding the tradition of excellence that marks the 99-year history of Fudan University.

《口译教程》参考译文-10

Lesson 10 10.3 中与欧盟的关系 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。 欧盟全称为欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上由25个（27）独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来称“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。 目前的25个成员国是奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、欧兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。 欧盟25国总面积400万平方公里，接近半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。 欧盟统一货币为欧元，2002年1月1日正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟成员国用欧元取代其本国货币。统一货币使人们出门旅行、对比价格更为容易，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长与竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。 到目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。 欧盟与中国关系十分友好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国最大的贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。 欧盟正抓住当前大好的历史机遇——团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。*** 这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的统一市场，这个市场饱含经济增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。 我的话讲完了，谢谢大家！

10.4 中国与东盟的关系 A: Excuse me, could you tell me when ASEAN was established? And how many member countries does it have now? B: 东盟于1967年8月8日成立，目前有10个成员国，它们是：文莱、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、泰国、新加坡和越南。 A: Besides these 10 member countries, ASEAN also always holds the 10+1, 10+3 meetings. Does it mean that ASEAN has some dialogue partners? B: 是的。东盟有10个对话伙伴，它们是澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、欧盟、印度、日本、俄罗斯、新西兰、韩国和美国。 A：What is the area that ASEAN covers? How man languages are spoken in this region? What is the total population? B: 东盟地区面积大约有450万平方公里，有14中官方语言和7种宗教。人口总数在2000年有5.12亿。 A: 4.5 million square kilometers is about half of China’s territory, such a big regional organization neighboring China. How is the relationship between ASEAN and China now? B：东盟不仅在区域上面积广大，在经济、政治、科技上也是一个举足轻重的地区。所有的东盟成员国都是中国的友好近邻。自从上世纪90年代以来，中国与东盟的关系一直很好，政治联系日益密切。 A：Can you give some data? B: 在中国与东盟的关系中，经贸、科技方面的合作是基本的组成部分。1994年的贸易总额从120亿增加到235亿美元，其中中国出口额109.2亿美元，进口123.6亿美元。双方的相互投资过去几年也不断增加。东盟在劳务合作和项目建设方面已经成为中国的重要市场。中国和东盟已经同意用8年的时间创建世界人口最密集的自由贸易区。 A：The relationship is very good economically, but how about

口译教程部分答案

2.2 Why do we have eyebrows? Those tiny, little hairs above our eyes that many women either pluck, paint, pierce or tattoo play a very important role in keeping moisture out of our eyes. Just like an umbrella keeps our bodies dry from the rain, our hairy eyebrows keep our eyes dry from rain or sweat. When it's pouring rain outside or when sweat drips down from our foreheads, our eyebrows divert the flow of water or sweat away from our eyes. Our arch-shaped eyebrows angle the rain or sweat around to the side of our faces--leaving our eyes fairly dry. By catching the water or sweat, our eyebrows not only allow us to see more clearly, but also keep salty sweat from burning or irritating our eyes. Eyebrows have other roles also. As one of our most expressive facial features, eyebrows help us determine how people are feeling without ever really asking them. If a person's eyebrows are frowning, chances are they are mad or upset. In addition, eyebrows have an increasing impact on our beauty or fashion culture over the years. Thick, hairy and big eyebrows tend to be characterized as unattractive while thin and plucked eyebrows are said to be more attractive. 3.1Hotels in China Hotels in China are classified into first class, second class and third class based on their star-rating. Five-star and most four-star hotels are in the first class. Guest rooms in first class hotels all have fully-fitted bathrooms, refrigerators, telephones and satellite TV. They have fully adjustable climate control through central air-conditioning facilities. Other ancillary facilities provided by these hotels include such things as business centres, conference facilities, beauty parlours, saunas, foreign exchange, bowling centers, disco-ballrooms, swimming pools, gymnasiums, restaurants, cafes, shopping centers and bars which are open 24 hours a day. The second class generally includes three-star hotels and some two-star ones. Guest room facilities and services are not up to the standard of those in first class hotels. Tour groups normally prefer to stay in second class hotels. Third class hotels are much like motels in Western counties in terms of facilities and services. Hardware facilities in such hotels are of course inferior to those provided by second class hotels, but they offer prices 50% or more below those of second class hotels. As a result, they are popular with many tourists. 5.1 What makes a good conversation? Recently, a friend phoned me. She’s one of those people who could talk under wet cement. I've discovered that I can even put the phone down and attend to something in another room while she's talking and she doesn’t even notice. A second friend phoned me that night. I was very tired, but I soon forgot my weariness as we animatedly shared our opinions, beliefs and personal experiences. Time flew, and as I went to bed very late that night, I thought, “Now, that was a really good conversation!” It occurred to me that it might be an interesting topic to research for my speech tonight. So I asked some of my friends what they thought made a good conversation. They had different suggestions, but all agreed on three main points: mutual interest, give and take, trust. Let's look at the first one: mutual interest. A conversation has to be of interest to all concerned. As one friend suggested, a good conversation is when two or more people voluntarily explore the topic. But how can we be sure that we are not boring others? We need to be sensitive to the cues

口译基础教程对话练习答案 仲伟合

Unit 1 李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job. 明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。 Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing. Would you tell me something about it? 好啊。长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。你能和我说一说长城么？ 李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty. 好。长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。 Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall? 长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢？ 李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north. When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm. 修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。敌军逼近时，放哨的警卫就会在烽火台上发送烟雾信号作为警报。 Jack: How did they manage to do so? Can you be more specific? 他们怎么发送烟雾信号作为警报呢？你能说的具体点么？ 李颖：Those towers on the wall are spaced at equal distances from each other. When guards in a tower saw the signals from its neighbor, they immediately did the same thing .In this way; the signals would be relayed to the capital. 长城上的烽火台是均匀分布的。如果烽火台上的警卫看到相邻烽火台上发出的信号，他们就会立刻跟着发出信号。这样一个接一个信号就传到了都城。 Jack: what the smart idea the ancient people had! I was told that in china. People usually call the Great Wall “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”. Does it really mean that long? 古代人民的想法真是巧妙啊！我听说在中国人们通常把长城称作“万里长城”。真的有那么长么？ 李颖：Yes, exactly. It runs all the way across the eastern half of china with a length of about 6 000 kilometers. 是的，正是这样。长城绵延约6 000公里，穿越了中国的东半部。 Jack: 6 000 kilometers! It is unbelievable. 6 000公里！难以置信。 李颖：The Great Wall is said to be the only building on the earth that can be seen from the outer space. 据说万里长城是从外太空可以看到的地球上唯一的建筑。

基础口译教程-U10 词汇短语表

基础口译教程词汇短语表 U10 Culture and history Warming-up Practice 1. Everyday etiquette etiquette /'et?ket/ n.the formal rules for polite behaviour in society or in a particular group礼仪，礼节 spoil /sp??l/ vi. to start to decay〔开始〕变质，变坏，腐败 delicately /'del?k?tl?/ adv. 谨慎地；委婉地 that is to say也就是说，换句话说 tone /t??n/ cn. the way your voice sounds, which shows how you are feeling or what you mean〔说话的〕语气，口气，腔调 in case万一 contact sb.联系某人 replacement /r?'ple?sm?nt/ un. when you get something that is newer or better than the one you had before更换；替换 2. The American national flag national flag国旗 stripe /stra?p/ n. a line of colour, especially one of several lines of colour all close together条纹， 线条 original /?'r?d??n?l/ adj. existing or happening first, before other people or things原先的，最早的，最初的 decorative /'dek?r?t?v/ adj. pretty or attractive, but not always necessary or useful装饰（性）的，装饰用的 3. Christmas traditions wreath /ri?θ/ n. a circle of leaves or flowers that people use to decorate their houses at Christmas 〔圣诞节期间装饰屋子的〕花环 get the custom of ...沿袭了……的传统 holly /'h?l?/ n. a small tree with sharp dark green leaves and red berries ( berry ), or the leaves and berries of this tree, used as a decoration at Christmas冬青树〔用作圣诞节装饰的〕冬青树叶及浆果 dark, bitterly cold winter阴沉苦寒的冬天 symbolize /'s?mb?la?z/ v. if something symbolizes a quality, feeling etc, it represents it象征，代表；用符号表示 promise /'pr?m?s/ n. a sign that something, usually something good, may happen迹象；〔通常指〕吉兆

商务英语口译教程Unite1_Unite4课后习题答案

Unit1 P8 1.我们认为你方的格力空调在这里会很畅销，希望很快收到你们的样品。 2．贵方若能报优惠价并保证收到订单后四周内交货，我方将定期订购。 3.如能报到岸价，折扣以及发货日期等详细情况，将不胜感激。 4.随函附上我方最新的产品目录及CIF 纽约报价单。 5.关于贵方9月29日的询价信，我方就如下产品报价，以我方最后确认为准。 6. 此盘5天内不接受就作撤销论。 7. 很遗憾，我们的价格和你方还盘之间差距太大，所以恐怕我方不能接受你方还盘。 8. 考虑到我们长期以来的贸易关系和友好合作，我方建议你方能接受保兑，不可撤销即期信用证。 9. 石油价格将在未来一段时间内继续下降。 10. 我们还想指出我们主要以承兑交单方式结账。 Unit1 P9 1.（我们正打算订购）We are thinking of placing an order for your Flying Pigeon Brand bicycles. We would be very grateful if you could make us an offer for 200 ones with details. 2. （上述询价已于）The above inquiry was forwarded to you on Oct. 10, but we haven’t received your reply yet. Your early offer will be highly appreciated. 3. （我方的冷冻食品）Our frozen foods have been shipped to many countries where they are received favorably. It would be to your advantage to try out a shipment. 4. （很抱歉，贵方）We are sorry to say that the goods required by you are out of stock for the time being. Therefore we are unable to make you an offer at present. 5. （我方于两个月前）We sent you our Quotation No. 44 two months ago, but we haven’t received any news from you. It would be advisable if you could make an early decision on this matter. 6. （所有报盘都以）All quotations, except firm offers, are subject to our final confirmation. Unless otherwise stated or agreed upon, all prices are without any discount. 7.（许多外国电讯）Many foreign telecommunications companies wish to come into the Chinese market such as AT &T, etc. the competition is very keen. I understand some companies are lowering their prices and offering technical assistance and after-sale services. 8.（很高兴我们）I’m glad that we have settled the price. 9. （我们至多只能再减）The best we can do will be a reduction of another 30 pounds. That’ll be definitely rock-bottom. 10. （我们正在仔细研究）We’re now studying your offer carefully, so we hope that you can keep it open till the end of this month. Unit1 P10 1、我们的还盘与国际市场上的价格一致。如果你们接受，我们将说服客户向你们订货。如果你方不能做进一步的让步，我们就没有必要再谈下去了。我们不妨取消整个交易。顺便说一下，在考虑你方的新报价时，请考虑到我们的佣金问题。 2、我们的报价以合理利润为基础，不是漫天要价。你必须考虑到质量问题。这一行的每个人都知道三星产品质量上乘。如果我们不是朋友，我们愿意以这个价格为你们好。 Unit1 P11

中级口译教程梅德明第四版 句子精炼 单元全

句子精炼( Sentences in Focus ) Unit 2 接待口译（机场迎宾、宾馆入住、宴会招待、参观访问） 1. This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch international airports.（这个机场太美了，绝对是一个顶尖的国际机场。） 2. I’m very bad with a jet-lag. But I will be all right in a couple of days.（我倒时差很慢，但两天后自然就回复了。） 3. I’d like to have a 7 o’clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, laundry done, some documents photocopied, an express mail sent out, and something like that.（我要早上7点钟叫醒，早餐送到我房间，衣服要熨，文件要复印，邮件要快递，诸如此类的事情需要服务。） 4. We all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.（可以说我们每个人都成功的使我们的使命得以完成。） 5. Let’s delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.（让我们尽情享受大自然赋予我们的食物吧。） 6. 我要是没认错的话，您一定是从伦敦来的泰莱科教授吧。(You must be Prof. Tallack from London, if I’m not mistaken.) 7. 我是海通集团人力资源部经理。(I’m manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group.) 8. 感激您不辞辛劳，从百忙之中抽空来我公司指导。(We are very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to our company to give us advice.) 9. 今晚我们设宴为您洗尘。(We will host a reception dinner in your honor this evening.) 10. 我在你们的酒店预订了一间双人间，有确认函。(I have made a reservation for a double room with your hotel. And here is the confirmation letter.) 11. 提前10天预定房间可以享受8折优惠价。(You will have a good rate with 20％off when you make a reservation 10 days in advance.) 12. 我们有许多现代化的健身设备可以满足客人的不同需求。(We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our guests.) 13. 没有凯兰女士的最后努力，现在还不知道怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中呢。(Without Ms. K eland’s last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.) 14. 同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注重调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。(Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Ben bang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements. It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.) 15. 这些菜绝对是首选，你一定喜欢。别客气，请随意。(These dishes are absolutely tasters′ choice. I bet you will like them. Please help yourself to the dishes.) 16. 各位能够赏光来此共度一年中的这个美好时光，我感到非常荣幸，让我们共同举杯，祝各位身体健康，事业有成，阖家幸福。(I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year. Let us drink to the health, great career and happy family of everybody present.) 17. 我们先来鸟瞰一下整个园区吧，然后在园区内各处转悠一下，用我们的话来说就是“走马观花”。(First of all, we will take a bird’s-eye view of the Park. And then we will look around in the Park and, to use a Chinese metaphor, we will “cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on a horseback”.) 18. 高科技园区享有国家授予的项目审批权和优惠政策，是一个与国际管理体质接轨的经济区域。(The high-tech Park is authorized by the state government to approve projects with preferential policies, operating under the management system of international standards.)

英汉口译课件

?那么什么是口译？口译是一种通过口头表达形式，将所感知和理解的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式，进而达到完整并即时传递与交流信息之目的的交际行为，是现代社会跨文化、跨民族交往的一种基本沟通方式。 ?——梅德明《中级口译教程》第一部分“口译概论” ?第二节“口译定义” ?The Criteria of Interpretation 翻译的标准 ?功能对等functional equivalence ?信、达、雅faithfulness fluency/ expressiveness and elegance ?Remember how modern interpretation started? ? ?口译特点The Characteristics of Interpretation (The similarity and difference between T and I) We still need to improve: ?语言解意能力listening comprehension ?反应记忆能力short-term memory and quick response ?信息组合能力summarizing information ?语言表达能力language expressiveness ?文化背景知识all-embracing knowledge ? ?Even more… ?unpredictability —flexibility and expressiveness ?pressure — self-confidence ?solo work —great responsibility ?all embracing knowledge — jack of all trades, master of none ?smart power…… ? ?口译的类型 the categorical classification of Interpretation ?形式 ?交替传译 ?同声传译 ?耳语口译 ?视阅口译

基础口译教程-U4词汇短语表

基础口译教程词汇短语表 U4 Humanity and Environment Warming-up Practice 1. Plant and animal habitats will be changed by global warming. habitat /'h?b?t?t/ n. the natural home of a plant or animal〔动植物的〕生活环境；栖息地global /'gl??b(?)l/ warming: a general increase in world temperatures caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the Earth全球变暖 predict /pr?'d?kt/ v. to say that something will happen, before it happens预言，预料，预测 one-third 1/3 significantly /s?g'n?f?k(?)ntl?/ adv. in an important way or to an important degree显著地 species /'spi??i?z/ n. a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants〔动植物的〕物种，种 carbon dioxide: /'kɑ?b(?)n/ /d a?'?ksa?d/ the gas produced when animals breathe out, when carbon is burned in air, or when animal or vegetable substances decay二氧化碳 content /'k?ntent/ n. the amount of a substance that is contained in something含量 atmosphere /'?tm?sf??/ n. the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth〔地球的〕大气（层）give top priority to 给予优先考虑 pollution /p?'lu??(?)n/ n. the process of making air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty污染 summit /'s?m?t/ n. an important meeting or set of meetings between the leaders of several governments首脑会议，最高级会议，峰会 miss the chance错过机会 catastrophe /k?'t?str?f?/ n. a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death 灾难，大祸，严重的不幸 2. Asia is facing serious environmental problems. face: v. if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, or if a difficult situation faces you, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it面临〔困难〕，面对〔困境〕 serious /'s??r??s/ adj. extremely bad or dangerous〔情况、问题、事故等〕严重的 release /r?'li?s/ v. to let news or official information be known and printed公开发表，发布 threat /θret/ n. a statement in which you tell someone that you will cause them harm or trouble if they do not do what you want威胁，恐吓 rapid /'r?p?d/ adj. happening or done very quickly and in a very short time快速的，迅速的shrink /?r??k/v. to become smaller使缩小; 缩小 rain forest: a tropical forest with tall trees that are very close together, growing in an area where it rains a lot（热带）雨林 especially /?'spe?(?)l?/ adv. used to emphasize that something is more important or happens more with one particular thing than with others尤其 Malaysia /m??le???/ n. 马来西亚 Philippines /'filipi:nz/ n. 菲律宾 Thailand /'ta?l?nd/ n. 泰国 according to根据……

口译教程参考答案整理版

Lesson 1 美国副总统复旦演讲 韩市长，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。 我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton University Ladies and Gentlemen, Good evening. I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.” ; I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s sem inar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation. 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话 各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！ 欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！ 我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！” ` 公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。 新厂房标志着公司对中国业务的重视和承诺。 各位供应商，我们希望与你们携手共进，使我们的业务更上一层楼。 各位经销商，我们将继续向你们提供尖端的高质量产品，以协助你们做好客户支持，改善中国和东南亚许许多多人士的生活。 各位邻居和朋友，我们将成为良好的企业公民，与各位同行一起维护在中国开展业务的规范性。 最后，我们承诺给员工们提供一个安全、舒适的工作环境。 再次感谢各位与我们共同庆祝今天的典礼！ Lesson 2